Unit 8

confer a medal on the hero confer an honorary degree on sb. due respect The plane is due in 5 minutes.


Austrian psychiatrist
superego ego id egoism egoist
disinterested uninterested 1. She seemed completely __ in what I had to tell her about my new job. 2. In financial matters it is important to follow the advice from a/an __ party.

词汇辨析
Intelligent intellectual 1. Having written six scientific stories, she clearly enjoys __ pursuits. 2. If you are reasonably __, the math involved should present no problem. 3. He ventured the opinion that whales are as __ as human beings. 4. She was too much of an ___ to find teaching young children rewarding.

词汇辨析
by all means by no means 1. – Can I come and have a look at your new house? --- ______. 2. We have to finish our task ____. 3. She is ___ poor: in fact, she's quite rich.


3. take account of e.g. In judging the progress he has made, we must take account of the fact that he has been working in great difficulties for several months. We should also take account of difficulties. 4. attach due weight to Due e.g. after due consideration due reward They will surely meet with due punishment. Due care must be taken while one is driving.


Part II: factors contributing to wisdom Para. 2: a sense of proportion: capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight. 1. contribute to e.g. Exercise contributes to better health. 2. proportion e.g. a sense of proportion






3. correlative e.g. Time is correlative with speed. 4. cease e.g. My joy shall never cease. The matter has ceased to be a mystery to anyone. The factory ceased production. The newspaper had ceased publication. The general ordered his troops to cease fire. cease doing/ to do
5. pursuit e.g. pursuit of profit in one's pursuit of happiness the pursuit of pleasure We work hard in pursuit of happy life. Pursue: v. to try to achieve
Text Analysis
Part I 1. surpass: (1) e.g. She surpassed her brother in mathematics. Men surpass women in strength. (2) e.g. His success surpassed belief. Tom surpassed all expectations.


3. eminent e.g. Even the most eminent doctors could not cure him. Churchill was one of the world's most eminent statesmen.

4. Distort
5. lack e.g. He failed in the appeal for lack of evidence. v. e.g. Her writing lacks imagination. She never lacks for friends. (negative) Is she lacking in courage?

Science gives us a new horizon. to broaden our horizon horizontal vs. vertical
im + part + ial + ity cf. prejudice 指“除 had a prejudice against them. bias 指“依个人好恶或成见提出有偏差的意见或判断” He had a bias toward the plan. partiality 指“偏袒”或“偏爱” He had a partiality for chess.


6. inculcate e.g. inculcating sound principles. e.g. We failed to inculcate students with love of knowledge. Cf. instill e.g. It is part of a teacher’s job to instill selfconfidence into his students. Instill a sense of responsibility in children

spectacular a spectacular achievement a ~ display of fireworks * vicious


emancipate emancipation Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity. -- I Have a Dream Martin Luther King Jr.

Para. 3: 1. Constitute: e.g. Correct grammar and sentence structure do not in themselves constitute good writing. Twelve months constitute one year. The committee is constituted of members of all three parties. 2. end: e.g. for purely political ends achieve one's end win one's end gain one's end
2. previous e.g. His previous attempt was successful. previous to (=before) e.g. I had collected material previous to writing. Previous to the conference, we had discussed the matter among ourselves.
Vocabulary
* admixture: a thing added, especially as a minor ingredient *appalling ~ working conditions/violence
atomic bomb
cease The great man ceased to think. At last they ceased working for lack of capital. Her mother never ceases telling you about her trouble. Cease fire! It’s a process that never ceases.