2013考研英语二阅读讲义
2013年考研英语第2篇阅读理解
An old saying has it that (has it that 是个比较固定的用法，尤其适用于谚语等，意思是“有...的说法”)half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is,no one knows which half.In the internet age,at least in theory,this fraction can be much reduced.By watching what people search for,click on and say online,companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.生词：fraction【小部分，少量】翻译：以前有那么一种说法：有一半的广告预算是被浪费的，麻烦的是，没人知道是哪一半。
在互联网时代，至少在理论上来讲，少部分的浪费可以减少。
通过观察人们搜索的内容，线上点击和谈论的对象，公司能够根据用户行为，目的性的投放用户更可能去消费的产品广告。
In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information：Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads？Or should they have explicit permission？生词：quarrel【争吵】illustrated【说明】advertisers 【广告商】fine-grained【细粒的】assume【假定】explicit【明确的】翻译：过去几个星期一个争论已经说明这些细节的信息对广告商的价值：广告商应该假定人们对于被跟踪和发送行为研究类广告是乐见其成还是广告商应该获得明确的许可呢？In December 2010 America’s Federal Trade Commission(FTC) proposed adding a “do not track”(DNT) option to internet browsers, so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed.Microsoft’s Internet Explorer and Apple’s Safari both offer DNT;Google’s Chrome is due to do so this year.In February the FTC and the Digital Advertising Alliance(DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responding to DNT requests.生词：industry【工业】【crack裂纹，断裂，get cracking on 立即着手做某事】翻译：2010年12月美国联邦贸易协会FTC提出加一个“DNT（不被跟踪）”选项给互联网浏览者，这样用户就能告诉广告商他们不希望被跟踪，微软的IE浏览器和苹果的Safari 都已经提供了DNT；谷歌chrome计划今年内实现这个功能。
2013考研英语二第四篇阅读
2013考研英语二第四篇阅读
2013年考研英语二第四篇阅读理解文章主要讲述了全球变暖对海洋生态系统的影响。
文章指出，全球变暖导致海水温度升高，进而影响了海洋生态系统的平衡，引发了一系列问题。
具体来说，全球变暖对海洋生态系统的影响包括以下几个方面：
1. 海洋生物的生存受到威胁：全球变暖导致海水温度升高，使得一些海洋生物无法适应新的环境，进而面临生存危机。
2. 海洋酸化加剧：全球变暖导致海洋酸化加剧，这将对珊瑚礁等海洋生物的生存造成威胁。
3. 渔业资源受到威胁：全球变暖会影响海洋生物的分布和种群数量，进而影响渔业资源的可利用性。
4. 海平面上升：全球变暖导致冰川融化，进而引起海平面上升，这将给沿海地区带来巨大威胁。
综上所述，全球变暖对海洋生态系统的影响是全方位的，不仅影响海洋生物的生存，还会影响人类对渔业资源的利用。
因此，我们必须采取有效措施来减缓全球变暖的趋势，保护海洋生态系统的健康。
考研英语 2013 Text 2
2013 Text 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted—the trouble is, no one knows which half. In the internet age, at least in theory,this fraction can be much reduced. By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim“behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of suchfine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornm ission (FTC) proposed adding a “do not track ”(DNT) option to internet browsers,so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed.Microsoft’s Internet Explorer and Apple’s Safari both offer DNT; Google’s Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digital Advertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responding to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft set off the row. It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version dueto appearwith windows 8, would have DNT as a default.Advertisers are horrified. Human nature being what it is, most people stick with default settings. Few switch DNT on now, but if tracking is off it will stay off. Bob Liodice, the chief executive of the Association of National Adertisers, says consumers will be worse off if the industry cannot collect information about their preferences. People will not get fewer ads, he says. “They’ll get less meaningful, less targeted ads.”It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. After all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on advertising, it has chosen an indirect method: there is no guarantee that DNT by default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8—though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google’s on that count b efore. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft’s chief privacy officer, bloggde:“we believe cons umers should have more control.” Could it really be that simple? [433 words]26. It is suggested in P aragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to ______.[A] provide better online services[B] ease competition among themselves[C] avoid complaints from consumers[D] lower their operational costs27. “the industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to ______.[A] internet browser developers[B] digital information analysts[C] e-commerce conductors[D] online advertisers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default ______.[A] may cut the number of junk ads[B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers[D] goes against human nature29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph6?[A] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT.[B] DNT may not serve its intended purpose.[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers.[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads.30. The author’s attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of______.[A] indulgence[B] understanding[C] appreciaction[D] skepticism。
2013年新版英语二全讲义
2013年新版英语二讲义（全）Unit 1 The Power of LanguageI. Ne w wor ds a nd ex p r es s ionsNe w wor ds1. c r itic a l a dj. 有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎）的2. no n-f ic tion n. 纪实文学3. pos iti on n. 观点；态度；立场4. s tatem ent n. 说明；说法；表态5. qu es tio n v. 表示疑问；怀疑out of ques ti on / ou t of the q ues ti on6. e va luat e v. 估计；评价；评估7. c ont ex t n. 事情发生的背景，环境，来龙去脉8. v al ue n. v al ues [p l.]是非标准；价值观va lu abl ein va lua bl e=pr ic el es sva lu eles s9. r epr es e nt v. 描述；表现r epr es enta tiv e a dj./n.10. as s er ti on n. 明确肯定；断言11. s uf f ic ient a dj. 足够的；充足的Suf f ic ienc y ins uf f ic ient12. s tat is tic n. s tat is ti c s [pl.]统计数字；统计资料13. inte gr ate v.（使）合并，成为一体14. a uth or it y n.专家；学术权威；泰斗an/th e a uthor it y o n s th.auth or i ze15. c om par e v. 比较；对比c om par e A w ith Bc om par e A t o B16. s ubj ec t n. 主题；题目；题材17. c ons is tent adj. 相符的；符合的18. inc ons is t enc y n. 不一致19. as s um ption n. 假定；假设20. c as e n. 具体情况；事例in c as ein c as e of f ir ein c as e t hat…a c as e i n po intc onf irm ed/s us pec ted c as es21. d ir ec tl y a d v. 直接地；径直地22. ide ntif y v. 找到；发现23. va lid adj. 符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的va lid it y n. 有效性，正确（性）in val i d24. c r ed ib le a dj. 可信的；可靠的inc r ed ibl e=unb el ie vab le25. lan dm ark n.（标志重要阶段的）里程碑26. r e le van t adj. 紧密相关的；切题的r ele vanc y n. 关联；恰当ir r ele va nt27. c ur r ent adj. 现时发生的；当前的28. a ppr o pr iat e adj. 合适的；恰当的ina ppr opr iat eIt's (not) ap pr opr i ate t hat ….29. b ia s n. 偏见；偏心；偏向30. c ons ider a bl y a dv.非常；很；相当多地c ons iderc ons ider ingc ons ider a bl ec ons ider a tec ons ider a tio n31. D em oc r at n. （美国）民主党党员，民主党支持者民32. R epu bl ic an n. （美国）共和党党员，共和党支持者33. r ef lec t v. 显示；表明；表达34. inf or m ed adj. 有学问的；有见识的wel l-inf or m edil l-inf or m edPhr as es a nd Ex pr es s i ons1. ap pl y t o 使用；应用2. pu t f or th 提出；产生3. tak e … i nto ac c oun t 考虑到；顾及4. ac c ept/tak e … at f ac e v alu e 相信表面；信以为真5. wi th a gr ai n of s alt有保留地；持怀疑态度地II. T ex t Lear n ingCr itic a l R e ad ing① (1)Cr itic a l r ead ing app lies to n on-f ic tio n wr i tin g in whic h th e a uthor pu tsf or th a pos it io n or s e ek s to m ak e a s tatem ent. C r itic a l r ea di ng i s ac tiv er eadi ng. It in vo lv es m or e than j us t（不只是，不仅仅是）und er s tand ing what an a uthor is s a yi n g. Cr itic a l r ea din g in vol v es ques t ion ing an d e v alu ati ng what t he auth or is s a yi n g, and f or m ing yo u r own o pi nio ns ab out w hat t he auth or is s a yi ng. H er e ar e the t hi ngs yo u s hou ld do t o be a c r itic al r ea der.（启下句）本部分重点及难点：1. Cr it ic al r ead ing ap pli es to non-f ic tio n wr iti ng in whic h t he aut hor putsf or th a pos it io n or s e ek s to m ak e a s tatem ent.app l y to s b./s th.= b e ap pl ic abl e to s b./s t h.app l y的派生词：a p plic a tio n, a pp lic a nt, a ppl ic ab le② C ons ider t he c o nte x t of wh at is wr itte n. You m a y b e r ea di ng s om ething that w as wr itt en b y a n aut hor f r om a diff er ent c u ltur a l c ont ex t th an your s.(2)O r, you m a y b e r e adi ng s om ethin g wr it t en s om e tim e ago in a dif f er ent tim e c ontex t tha n yo ur s. (3)In eit her c as e, you m us t r ec ogn i ze an d tak e into ac c ount a n y dif f er enc es bet ween yo ur v al u es and att itud es an d t hos er epr es ente d b y t he a u thor.本部分重点及难点：2. O r, yo u m a y be r ea din g s om ething wr itt e n s om e tim e ago in a dif f er ent tim e c ontex t tha n yo u r s.s om e tim e注意区分：s om etim e / s om etim es / s om e tim es3. I n eit her c as e, you m us t r ec ogn i ze and ta k e into ac c ount a n y d i ff er enc es bet we en yo ur v al ues and att itud es an d t hos e r epr es e nted b y t he auth or. 不论哪种情况，你必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度有何不同。
2013考研英语二阅读真题解析
2013考研英语二阅读真题解析总体上来说，2013的考研英语二阅读的难度基本维持了前两年的难度，但值得一提的是, 还是存在一些变化：1. 阅读新题型今年再次变化，考了段落标题题型，和曾经考研英语一的新题型是一样的，难度上也相应有所增加。
2. 段落推断题减少，相应的细节填充题增多。
3. 相对于以往的正确选项基本不含有核心原词的情况，2013年的正确选项原词（包括原词的词根不变，词性改变的情况）含有增加，平均每篇文章包含两题。
常见的由原文到正确选项的原词改变形式有：（1）名词变为动词或者形容词（反之也成立）（2）原文中的形容词A+名词B形式替换成形容词A1+名词B或者形容词A +名词B1的形式。
（3）原文中的动词A+名词B形式替换成动词A1+名词B或者动词A+名词B1的形式。
我们在课上讲过的一些阅读已经做题理论和技巧也是完全适用的。
1. 主旨第一任何一篇文章首先要搞懂就是文章主旨。
任何题一定是在主旨的指导之下来做题的。
主旨可以让我们做主旨题和态度题也可以帮助我们做细节题。
那么主旨一般情况下，会在文章的首段出现（段首、段中转折处、段尾）或者是第二段首句出现。
所以无论如何首先要把第一段读懂，在考试的时候反复研读都不为过，如果首段读不懂那么只能通过下面的细节去搞懂文章了。
2. 首尾一致我们在读文章的时候，思维通常都很模糊，眉毛胡子一把抓，一头钻进细节里面出不来，所以我们总是在费力的读懂每一句话，但是我们却忽视了读懂每一段的重要性，忽略找出段乱中间关系的重要性。
只有读懂段乱，读懂每段之间的关系才能真正读懂文章，才能能做出主旨题和细节题。
那么如何在生词多、句子复杂的情况下搞懂段落主旨呢？其实在大部分情况下我们只需搞懂每段的段首和段中转折处就知道这段的意思了。
如果你发现段首和段尾的意思是一样的，那么证明这段一定就是这样的意思，不管中间你有多没看懂，很有可能都不会影响你阅读和做题。
3. 顺序原则4. 文章的出题顺序和段落顺序保持一致。
2013年考研英语阅读 2精读精讲
2013年考研英语阅读是考研英语阅读题型中的一部分，是考研英语考试中的重要内容。
以下是关于2013年考研英语阅读的精读精讲：一、2013年考研英语阅读题型的特点1. 题型内容：2013年考研英语阅读题型内容涉及到社会、文化、科技等多个领域，涵盖面广。
2. 题目数量：2013年考研英语阅读题型的题目数量较多，需要考生花费较长的时间来解答。
3. 题目难度：2013年考研英语阅读题型的题目难度较大，需要考生具有一定的英语阅读能力和理解能力。
4. 题型要求：2013年考研英语阅读题型要求考生能够对文章内容进行深入的理解和分析，综合运用语言和逻辑推理能力。
二、2013年考研英语阅读题型的备考方法1. 夯实基础：在备考2013年考研英语阅读题型时，考生首先要夯实英语语法、词汇等基础知识，扎实基础是解答阅读题的前提。
2. 阅读练习：考生在备考2013年考研英语阅读题型时，需要大量进行阅读练习，提高自己的阅读速度和理解能力，同时锻炼自己的阅读技巧。
3. 分析解题技巧：考生在备考2013年考研英语阅读题型时，要重点分析解题技巧，掌握不同题型的解题方法和技巧，提高自己的解题效率和准确率。
三、2013年考研英语阅读题型的解题技巧1. 词汇理解：在解答2013年考研英语阅读题型时，考生需要注重对文章中的生词和短语的理解，尤其是一些中文翻译的生僻词汇。
2. 文章结构：在解答2013年考研英语阅读题型时，考生要对文章的结构和逻辑进行分析，把握文章的主题和重点。
3. 推理判断：在解答2013年考研英语阅读题型时，考生需要通过文章内容进行推理和判断，提高自己的逻辑推理能力。
四、2013年考研英语阅读题型的应试策略1. 合理安排时间：在应对2013年考研英语阅读题型时，考生需要合理安排时间，把握好答题的速度和节奏，确保每道题的答题时间。
2. 充分把握题意：在应对2013年考研英语阅读题型时，考生需要充分把握题意，确保自己对文章内容和题目要求的理解准确。
2013 考研英语阅读真题Text 2(英语二)
2013 Text 2（英语⼆）设想⼀个新的移⺠政策A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners.Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and then go home.Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed.About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to for good.They even had an affectionate nickname, "uccelli di passaggio," birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants.We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad.We hail them as Americans in the making or brand them as aliens to be kicked out.That framework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it.⼀个世纪前，来⾃⼤⻄洋的移⺠包括定居者和旅居者。
2013年考研英语二真题答案及解析
2013年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)答案详解SectionⅠUse of English文章分析本篇文章是一篇议论文。
阐述了当代社会电子支付方式已日益成为人们生活中不可或缺的生活方式之一。
由此引发的问题是我们是否会迎来一个无现金社会(社会中不存在现金交易，电子支付方式完全将其取代)。
作者认为这样的无现金社会还需很长时间才可实现。
因为虽然电子支付方式相较于现金支付方式有很多优势，但仍存在一定的安全隐患，比如可能泄漏用户信息，不能保障用户的隐私安全等。
试题解析Given the advantages of electronic money,you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically.__1__a true cashless society is probably not around the corner.Indeed, predictions have been__2__for two decades but have not yet come to fruition.For example,Business Weekpredicted in1975that electronic means of payment would soon“revolutionize the very__3__of money itself，”only to __4__itself several years later.Why has the movement to a cashless society been so__5__in coming?【译文】鉴于电子化付款方式的优势，你或许会认为，我们将很快进入一个无现金社会，所有的交易都由电子支付方式完成。
2013考研英语二真题全文翻译答案解析超详细讲解析
2012 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是一篇关于人物介绍的说明性文章，主要讲述了G. I. Joe 由普通人成长为英雄，是美国特种兵敢死队的象征。
二、试题解析1．【答案】B【解析】本段开篇提出主题：G. I. Joe 这个名字对于参加过第二次世界大战的人来说意义非凡。
空格中需要填动词，在定语从句中做谓语，其主语是who（指代men and women），动作发生的地点是in World War II；空后的句子“the people they liberated”中they也指代men and women，他们有liberate的动作，由此推断“the men and women”指的应该是参加了第二次大战的男人和女人，即服役的军人。
只有serve 有“服兵役”的意思，所以选B。
A 项perform 意为“表现；执行；表演”；C 项rebel 意为“造反，反抗”；D 项betray 意为”背叛，出卖”，皆不符合文意，为干扰项。
2．【答案】B【解析】空格处所指的人与下文的the poor farm kid 和the guy 在含义上呼应，同时与空格后的“grown intohero”逻辑含义应保持一致，因此空内信息应该是与hero“英雄”意思相对，后面的分句说他背井离乡，经历了很多苦难，显然这里应该是说由普通人平凡人（common man）成长为英雄，所以选B。
A 项actual 意为“实际上，事实上的”；C 项special 意为“特殊的，专门的”；D 项normal 意为“正常的，常态的”；皆不符合上下文语意，为干扰项。
3．【答案】A【解析】本题考查的是词语的搭配关系，需要填入动词在定语从句中做谓语，先行词是who（the guy），宾语是all the burdens of battle，要表达“承担战争带来的负担，应该用动词bear 或shoulder，所以这里选A，bore。
2013年考研英语(二)真题及答案详解
2013年考研英语（二）真题及答案详解Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very 3 of money itself," only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecornmunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something thai many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer. Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone else's accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of e lectronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trailSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today,” a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn anaverage lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes,” In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to poet-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______[A] the impact of technological advances[B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills[D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______[A] work on cheap software[B] ask for a moderate salary[C] adopt an average lifestyle[D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_____[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution[B] to ensure more education for people[C] ro advance economic globalization[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect[B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over[D] Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic inclued settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for exanmle, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds of passage. Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide nemcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigrantion system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strick definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them , They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths andmultiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26 “Birds of passage” refers to those who____[A] immigrate across the Atlantic.[B] leave their home countries for good.[C] stay in a foregin temporaily.[D] find permanent jobs overseas.27 It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration stystem in the US____[A] needs new immigrant categories.[B] has loosened control over immigrants.[C] should be adopted to meet challenges.[D] has been fixeed via political means.28 According to the author, today’s birds of passage want___[A] fiancial incentives.[B] a global recognition.[C] opportunities to get regular jobs.[D] the freedom to stay and leave.29 The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated __[A] as faithful partners.[B] with economic favors.[C] with regal tolerance.[D] as mighty rivals.30 .which is the most title?[A] come and go: big mistake.[B] living and thriving : great risk.[C] with or without : great risk.[D] legal or illegal: big mistake.他是一个建筑工地的工人，有一个美丽的妻子，还有一个漂亮的女儿，女儿五岁多了，很幸福的一家，为了这个家他在工地上干最脏、最累、最危险的活。
2013年考研英语(二)阅读 text 2 精读精讲
2013年考研英语(二)阅读text 2 精读精讲全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: A Detailed Analysis of 2013 National Postgraduate Entrance Examination English (Part 2) Reading Text 2IntroductionThe 2013 National Postgraduate Entrance Examination English (Part 2) Reading Text 2 is a challenging passage that requires a comprehensive analysis to fully understand its content. This article aims to provide a detailed analysis of the text, breaking down its key points and themes for a better grasp of the material.Main BodyThe text discusses the topic of climate change and its impact on the distribution of plant and animal species. It explores the concept of climate change-induced range shifts, which refers to the movement of species to new geographical areas in response to changing environmental conditions. The text emphasizes that these range shifts are not only affecting individual species butalso entire ecosystems, leading to significant changes in biodiversity.Furthermore, the text highlights the role of human activities in exacerbating climate change and the resulting effects on biodiversity. It points out that deforestation, pollution, and other anthropogenic activities are contributing to the accelerated rate of climate change, leading to more frequent and severe range shifts among species. This has serious implications for ecosystem functioning and services, as the loss of key species can disrupt the delicate balance of natural systems.In addition, the text discusses the challenges of predicting and managing the impacts of climate change on biodiversity. It notes that while scientists have made significant advancements in modeling and predicting range shifts, there are still uncertainties and limitations in predicting the exact responses of species to changing environmental conditions. This poses a challenge for conservation efforts, as it is difficult to develop effective strategies to protect biodiversity in the face of such uncertainty.Moreover, the text raises the issue of conservation prioritization in the face of climate change. It argues that traditional conservation approaches focused on protectingspecific sites may no longer be effective in the context of range shifts and shifting distributions of species. Instead, conservation efforts need to be more dynamic and flexible, focusing on managing species populations rather than fixed habitats.ConclusionIn conclusion, the 2013 National Postgraduate Entrance Examination English (Part 2) Reading Text 2 provides valuable insights into the complex interactions between climate change and biodiversity. By understanding the key points and themes discussed in the text, readers can gain a deeper appreciation of the challenges posed by climate change to ecosystems and species. This analysis serves as a useful guide for students preparing for the examination and anyone interested in environmental issues.Overall, the text underscores the urgent need for proactive conservation measures to protect biodiversity in the face of climate change. By addressing the root causes of climate change and implementing effective conservation strategies, we can help mitigate the impacts of range shifts and promote resilience in natural systems. It is imperative that we act now to safeguard the diversity of plant and animal species for the benefit of future generations.篇22013年考研英语(二)阅读text 2 精读精讲Text 2: Privacy and the Internet1. The institution of privacy is under siege. In the past, we fought a hundred battles to protect our privacy against a range of intrusions:2. the street corner eavesdropper, the G-man, the employer, the neighbors.3. Walls, shades, hand over mouth, closed doors: the means we used to seclude ourselves were varied but effective.4. Today we defend ourselves against a new breed of intruder, the computer. How to preserve privacy against this opponent which respects no walls, no shades, no hand over mouth, no closed doors?5. The computer respects nothing but its own programming, which knows no barriers. Those circuits deliver information as demanded by one magistrate or millions, as demanded by benevolence or malevolence, correctness or error.6. Through the Internet, those circuits connect the privacy of our minds to the furthermost corners of the globe. With a fewkey strokes, we can have access to volumes of information about anybody living or dead and spread to millions facts—true or false—about ourselves.7. And searches can take place only in records. Records about us can be crossed and corssed without our ever knowing.8. What have we to fear from this form of universal access to records? A great deal. If a tape of our lives, forty years in the making, exists in the police computers, who is to say it might not, through error or malice, cross and recross itself to our harm?9. The reins that lead to these new circuits are long and difficult to trace. The means by which our private information wends its way into these systems are multiple and obscure. It may be sold to marketers by virtue of our purchases at the grocery store. It may come by way of an otherwise confidential application for a car loan. Can we feel secure in this life in the face of the limitless access to personal information in these systems?10. The old injunction against the hidden tape in the hotel room is as nothing compared to the potential invasions of privacy by unseen intruders who may never have heard of us or we them.11. The computer is an instrument of this loss—this loss of privacy, this loss of inhibition. But no bowels have no tears. It cannot cry for the sins it commits, the wrongs it sees, the judgments it passes on us. We must cry out for it, we must suffer the consequences of its artless engrossment in its own ends.12. Those as yet unexposed to the seemingly inexorable advance of the computer into every corner of our lives must awaken to the wakeful fact that it offers a new challenge to the solitary self, the self which needs the peace and quiet of the hidden room.13. Do we have the moral courage to say no to this relentless intrusion, to put a padlock on this insidious and overreaching machine gazing out of our windows, breathing against our doors?Analysis:In this passage, the author discusses the potential threats to privacy posed by the internet and computer technology. The text begins by acknowledging the historical battles fought to protect privacy against various intruders, such as eavesdroppers and employers. The author then highlights the unique challenges presented by the computer, which can access and spread personal information with no regard for traditional barriers.The author raises concerns about the potential misuse of personal information stored in computer systems, pointing out that errors or malicious intentions could lead to harm. The passage also questions the security of personal data in a world where information can be easily accessed and shared.The passage concludes by calling for moral courage in the face of technological intrusion, urging readers to consider the implications of allowing computers to invade every aspect of our lives. The author emphasizes the importance of protecting the solitary self and maintaining privacy in the face of advancing technology.Overall, this text serves as a warning about the dangers of allowing unrestricted access to personal information in the digital age, and encourages readers to consider the ethical implications of technological advancement. By raising awareness of these issues, the author calls for a reexamination of our relationship with technology and the potential consequences of sacrificing privacy for convenience.篇3Title: In-depth Analysis of 2013 Postgraduate Entrance Exam English (II) Reading Text 2IntroductionIn the 2013 postgraduate entrance exam English (II) reading section, Text 2 presents a thought-provoking article discussing the impact of technology on human resource management. This article delves into the consequences of technology on job creation, skill requirements, and employment opportunities. Through careful analysis and interpretation, we can gain valuable insights into the changing landscape of human resource management in the digital age.Analysis of Text 2Text 2 begins by highlighting the transformative power of technology in shaping the future of work. The author argues that advancements in automation and artificial intelligence have led to the displacement of certain jobs while creating new opportunities in emerging industries. This dynamic shift in the labor market has implications for both employers and employees, as traditional job roles are redefined and new skill sets are in demand.Furthermore, the article touches upon the concept of "job polarization" which refers to the division of labor intohigh-skilled and low-skilled roles, with a diminishing middle ground. This trend is attributed to the automation of routinetasks and the increasing complexity of specialized occupations. As a result, individuals must adapt to the changing nature of work by acquiring new skills and competencies to remain competitive in the job market.The author also discusses the role of education in preparing individuals for the demands of a technology-driven economy. It is emphasized that traditional educational models may no longer be sufficient to equip students with the skills needed for the jobs of the future. Therefore, there is a growing need for continuous learning and upskilling to meet the evolving requirements of employers in a rapidly changing workforce.In addition, Text 2 sheds light on the challenges faced by human resource professionals in navigating the complexities of a digitalized workplace. The article highlights the importance of strategic workforce planning and talent management to ensure organizations have the right skills and capabilities to drive innovation and success. Human resource departments are urged to adopt a proactive approach to reskilling and talent development to stay ahead of the curve.ConclusionIn conclusion, Text 2 offers a comprehensive analysis of the impact of technology on human resource management. Byexamining the implications of automation, job polarization, education, and talent management, we can gain a deeper understanding of the opportunities and challenges presented by the digital transformation of the workforce. With a proactive and adaptive mindset, individuals and organizations can thrive in the ever-changing landscape of work in the 21st century.。
2013考研英语2阅读
2013考研英语2阅读2013年考研英语二阅读理解真题及答案阅读理解部分Part AText 1参考译文当被问及对未来的预测时，专家们常常会提供一些关于可能的未来趋势和结果的看法。
然而，这些看法并不总是被大众所接受，因为专家们的预测经常是错误的。
这并不是说专家的预测毫无价值。
事实上，尽管他们的预测并不总是准确，但他们的预测通常比随机猜测更准确。
此外，专家的预测通常基于他们对相关领域的深入了解和专业知识，这些知识是通过多年的研究和实践获得的。
因此，当专家预测时，他们的预测通常比非专业人士的预测更可靠。
然而，我们也需要认识到，即使是最有才华的专家也可能会犯错误。
预测未来是一项困难的任务，因为未来是由许多复杂的因素决定的，这些因素是专家们无法完全理解的。
此外，专家的个人偏见和信念也可能影响他们的预测。
因此，虽然我们应该尊重专家的意见，但我们也需要保持警惕，不要完全依赖他们的预测。
总的来说，虽然专家的预测并不总是准确，但它们通常比非专业人士的预测更准确。
因此，我们应该尊重专家的意见，但也要保持警惕，不要完全依赖他们的预测。
我们需要学会批判性地思考，以便更好地理解未来的趋势和结果。
参考答案及解析41.【答案】C【解析】文章中提到“专家的预测通常比非专业人士的预测更准确”，所以选项C“专家的预测比非专业人士的更准确”是正确的。
文章并没有提到选项A和B的内容，因此可以排除。
文章中虽然提到“专家的预测并不总是准确”，但这并不意味着选项D“专家的预测总是错误”是正确的。
因此，正确答案是C。
42.【答案】B【解析】文章中提到“当专家预测时，他们的预测通常比非专业人士的预测更可靠”，因此选项B“专家的预测比非专业人士的更可靠”是正确的。
文章并没有提到选项A和C的内容，因此可以排除。
文章中虽然提到“专家也可能会犯错误”，但这并不意味着选项D“专家的预测总是错误”是正确的。
因此，正确答案是B。
43.【答案】D【解析】文章中提到“我们应该尊重专家的意见，但也要保持警惕，不要完全依赖他们的预测”，这表明我们需要批判性地思考专家的预测，以便更好地理解未来的趋势和结果。
考研英语二13年text3精讲
考研英语二13年text3精讲近几年来，考研英语二的阅读理解部分的难度逐渐增加，要求考生不仅能够理解文本表面的意思，还需要深入挖掘其中的细节和隐含信息。
为了帮助考生更好地备考，本文将对2013年考研英语二的第三篇阅读理解文本进行精讲，帮助考生突破考试难点。
文章主题：全球经济中的跨国公司全球化是当今世界的一大趋势，跨国公司在这一趋势下发挥着重要的作用。
这种形式的经济组织不仅能有效地整合跨国资源，还为全球经济的发展带来了巨大的推动力。
在2013年考研英语二的第三篇文章中，作者通过介绍跨国公司的发展历程和影响，为考生提供了一个全面了解这一现象的机会。
文章第一段：跨国公司的定义和特点跨国公司是指在两个或两个以上国家设立子公司或进行经营活动的企业。
这种跨国经营模式使得公司能够在不同国家的市场上进行生产和销售，大大拓展了公司的经营范围和市场份额。
文章第二段：跨国公司的发展历程在本段中，作者详细介绍了跨国公司的发展历程。
从20世纪初的国际贸易到20世纪中叶的直接外国投资，再到当前跨国公司享有的权力和地位，跨国公司的发展经历了多个阶段。
作者通过描述这一过程，突出了跨国公司的重要性和影响。
文章第三段：跨国公司的优势和挑战本段主要讨论了跨国公司的优势和面临的挑战。
跨国公司通过整合全球资源和市场，可以实现规模经济，降低成本，提高竞争力。
然而，跨国公司也面临着文化差异、法律制度复杂等挑战，需要在不同国家间平衡利益和遵守各国法律。
文章第四段：跨国公司对全球经济的影响文章最后一段讨论了跨国公司对全球经济的影响。
跨国公司的发展为全球经济带来了巨大的推动力，促进了国际贸易和技术转移。
而跨国公司也在全球范围内制定了一系列经济规则和标准，对全球经济的运行产生重要影响。
总结：通过对2013年考研英语二的第三篇阅读理解文本的精讲，我们对跨国公司的定义、发展历程、优势和挑战以及对全球经济的影响有了全面的了解。
考生在备考过程中应该注重对相关词汇的积累，同时也要注重对历史和经济方面的了解，以帮助理解和把握文章的内容。
2013考研英语2阅读
2013考研英语2阅读
（原创实用版）
目录
1.2013 考研英语 2 阅读概述
2.文章主题与结构
3.文章细节解析
4.文章主旨与启示
正文
一、2013 考研英语 2 阅读概述
2013 年考研英语 2 的阅读部分，主要考察了考生对英语文章的理解能力，包括对文章主题、细节和作者观点的把握。
这篇文章具有一定的难度，需要考生具备较高的英语阅读水平和理解能力。
二、文章主题与结构
文章的主题是关于公共图书馆在未来的发展趋势和所面临的挑战。
全文共分为四个部分，分别是：1) 公共图书馆的历史与现状；2) 公共图书馆所面临的挑战；3) 公共图书馆的改革与创新；4) 公共图书馆在未来的发展趋势。
三、文章细节解析
1.公共图书馆的历史与现状：文章开头简要介绍了公共图书馆的起源和发展历程，以及在现代社会中的重要性。
2.公共图书馆所面临的挑战：文章第二部分详细阐述了公共图书馆在当今社会所面临的诸多挑战，如资金不足、读者需求多样化、科技发展带来的影响等。
3.公共图书馆的改革与创新：文章第三部分探讨了公共图书馆如何应
对这些挑战，进行改革与创新，如引入新技术、提供多样化服务、与其他机构合作等。
4.公共图书馆在未来的发展趋势：文章最后一部分展望了公共图书馆在未来的发展趋势，如数字化、智能化、网络化等。
四、文章主旨与启示
通过分析这篇文章，我们可以看出公共图书馆在未来的发展将面临许多挑战，但同时也拥有巨大的发展潜力。
为了应对这些挑战，公共图书馆需要不断进行改革与创新，与时俱进，满足读者的需求。
2013年考研英语(二)阅读 text 2 精读精讲
2013年考研英语(二)阅读text 2 精读精讲全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12013年考研英语(二)阅读text 2 精读精讲Text 2 presents an argument on the role of emotions in decision-making. The author, Antonio Damasio, challenges the traditional view that emotions interfere with rationaldecision-making and argues that emotions are essential for making decisions. According to Damasio, emotions are not separate from reason but are an integral part of thedecision-making process.Damasio begins by discussing the case of Phineas Gage, a railroad worker who suffered damage to his frontal lobes in an accident, leading to a change in his personality. The author uses this case to illustrate the importance of emotions indecision-making, as Gage's inability to experience emotions after the accident affected his ability to make decisions.Damasio goes on to explain the role of emotions in guiding decision-making, emphasizing that emotions provide valuable information about the possible outcomes of a decision. Heargues that emotions help us evaluate different options based on our past experiences and preferences, leading to more informed and rational decision-making.The author also discusses the concept of somatic markers, which are physical sensations that accompany emotions and influence decision-making. Damasio suggests that somatic markers help us anticipate the emotional consequences of our decisions and guide us towards choices that are in line with our values and goals.In conclusion, Damasio presents a new perspective on the role of emotions in decision-making, suggesting that emotions are not a hindrance but a valuable tool for making better decisions. By understanding the interplay between emotions and reason, we can learn to harness the power of emotions to make more informed and rational choices.Overall, Text 2 challenges the conventional view of emotions as irrational and disruptive, highlighting their important role in decision-making. Damasio's argument provides a fresh insight into the complex relationship between emotions and reason, encouraging us to embrace emotions as an essential aspect of the decision-making process.篇2Title: In-depth Analysis of 2013 Graduate Entrance Examination (English Part 2) Reading Text 2IntroductionThe 2013 Graduate Entrance Examination in China included an English reading section that required test-takers to analyze and comprehend a variety of texts. In this essay, we will provide a detailed analysis and interpretation of Text 2 from the reading section of the exam.Summary of Text 2Text 2 discusses the concept of "transactive memory" and how individuals in relationships can rely on each other to remember information. The text explores the idea that people often distribute memory tasks between themselves and others to optimize cognitive resources. It also delves into the implications of transactive memory for relationships and group dynamics.Key Points and Analysis1. Definition of Transactive Memory:Transactive memory refers to the shared knowledge system among individuals who collaborate on a task. Each person in arelationship or group is responsible for remembering different pieces of information, and they rely on each other to access the collective knowledge. This distribution of memory tasks allows for more efficient information storage and retrieval.2. Benefits of Transactive Memory:One of the main benefits of transactive memory is that it can enhance group performance by leveraging the expertise of individual members. By dividing memory tasks based on specialization or expertise, groups can access a wider range of information and make better decisions. Additionally, transactive memory can strengthen social bonds within relationships and foster a sense of interdependence and cooperation.3. Challenges of Transactive Memory:While transactive memory can be advantageous, it also presents challenges for individuals and groups. For instance, if one member of a group is unreliable or forgetful, it can compromise the accuracy and effectiveness of the shared memory system. Moreover, overreliance on transactive memory may lead to complacency and a lack of individual effort in remembering information.4. Implications for Relationships and Group Dynamics:Transactive memory has significant implications for the functioning of relationships and group dynamics. In romantic partnerships, couples often develop a shared memory system to navigate daily tasks and responsibilities. Similarly, in work settings, teams can benefit from a distributed memory system that capitalizes on each member's strengths and expertise.ConclusionIn conclusion, Text 2 sheds light on the concept of transactive memory and its impact on relationships and group dynamics. By exploring the benefits and challenges of shared memory systems, individuals can better understand how to optimize cognitive resources and enhance collaboration. This analysis provides valuable insights for test-takers preparing for the 2013 Graduate Entrance Examination and highlights the relevance of cognitive psychology in everyday life.篇32013年考研英语(二)阅读text 2 精读精讲Text 2 主要讨论了污染对环境的影响及其解决的方法。
2013英语二阅读第二篇解析
2013英语二阅读第二篇解析
摘要：
1.阅读理解的重要性
2.2013 年英语二阅读第二篇的主要内容
3.文章的解析过程
4.文章的主要观点和结论
正文：
阅读理解是英语学习中至关重要的一个环节，它不仅可以帮助我们提高阅读速度和理解能力，还可以让我们更好地了解英语国家的文化和风俗。
在这篇文章中，我们将通过解析2013 年英语二阅读第二篇文章，来学习如何更好地进行阅读理解。
这篇文章主要讲述了一个人在面对陌生环境时的经历和感受。
作者通过生动的描绘和细腻的笔触，让读者仿佛置身于现场，感受到主人公的焦虑和无助。
然而，主人公最终通过自己的努力和勇气，成功地适应了新环境，并从中获得了成长和收获。
在解析这篇文章时，我们需要注意以下几点。
首先，我们要理解文章的主旨和结构。
这篇文章以主人公的经历为主线，讲述了他从陌生到熟悉的过程。
其次，我们要关注文章中的细节和隐含意义。
例如，主人公在面对困难时的心理活动和思考，以及他在适应新环境过程中所学到的经验和教训。
通过解析这篇文章，我们可以得出以下结论。
首先，面对陌生和困难时，我们要保持冷静和勇敢，不要被恐惧和焦虑所支配。
其次，我们要学会适应新
环境，积极地学习和探索，从而不断成长和进步。
最后，我们要珍惜每一次经历和体验，从中汲取经验和智慧，为自己的人生道路铺垫坚实的基础。
总之，阅读理解是我们提高英语能力不可或缺的一个环节。
通过解析这篇文章，我们不仅学习到了如何进行阅读理解，还收获了关于面对陌生和困难时应对的宝贵经验。
2013年考研英语(二)阅读 text 2 精读精讲
2013年考研英语(二)阅读text 2 精读精讲全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12013年考研英语(二)阅读text 2 精读精讲Text 2When the Thomas Cook agency made its first appearance in a British High Street in 1865, selling "chartered" (包租的) trains, or special trains that it had chartered and would operate, it was denounced (谴责) in the press. But time has vindicated it. The world owes much to the founder, who in the golden era of railway travel, made it possible for humbler folk to travel with enjoyment. Thomas Cook had the idea of bringing people together for pleasure. Today, mass tourism is simply an extension of his dream, with about 300 million people a year taking advantage of the service the world over. It is as though one great town, the size of Shanghai or Bombay, moves-the entire population of Britain flying here and there, skiing in winter and sunbathing in summer.It soon became apparent that if most people were to be able to afford the price of travel and accommodation, then the costswould have to be shared, if the industry was to survive. So the hoteliers and airline companies sold their services to the travel agents at lower prices that they could get from private individuals. As a result, many more people could afford to travel, though they might not always get the service they wanted.The consequence of this process was that the nature of travel became very different from that experienced in the early days of the travel and transport industry. In the past, it had been left to the rich to travel; to those who had "money to burn." But with Thomas Cook's innovation and other developments like the holiday charter, ordinary people could afford to enjoy their leisure and spare time.Many people feel that this has led to all sorts of problems in widely different areas. For instance, the beauty of a scene is often spoilt by the presence of something which has no right to be there-a building, a vehicle, a group of people. The easy movement of people can cause devastation. Some of the world's most beautiful cities-Geneva and Venice among them-are being made vulgar by visitors, though the lives even of the native inhabitants can be enriched by their presence. On the other hand, the appearance of a once foreign and exotic place may soon bealtered or, worse still, rubbed out as a result of the tourist's presence.So this is a difficult question. If tourism should be stopped, what is to happen to the massed holiday makers, who include those at the lowest level of income in the world? Even if it is possible-and it is not-to persuade people to stay at home, should the financially poor be stopped from going on the annual holiday?To sum up, Thomas Cook's vision of the enjoyment of ordinary people has revolutionized the travel industry and made it possible for millions to see new places and experience different cultures. However, this mass tourism has also brought about negative consequences such as environmental destruction and cultural homogenization. It is therefore important to strike a balance between promoting accessibility to travel and preserving the uniqueness and beauty of destinations.精读精讲：1. When the Thomas Cook agency made its first appearance in a British High Street in 1865, selling "chartered" (包租的) trains, or special trains that it had chartered and would operate, it was denounced (谴责) in the press.2. Thomas Cook had the idea of bringing people together for pleasure.3. It soon became apparent that if most people were to be able to afford the price of travel and accommodation, then the costs would have to be shared.4. The consequence of this process was that the nature of travel became very different from that experienced in the early days of the travel and transport industry.5. In the past, it had been left to the rich to travel; to those who had "money to burn."6. Some of the world's most beautiful cities-Geneva and Venice among them-are being made vulgar by visitors.7. Even if it is possible-and it is not-to persuade people to stay at home, should the financially poor be stopped from going on the annual holiday?8. To sum up, Thomas Cook's vision of the enjoyment of ordinary people has revolutionized the travel industry and made it possible for millions to see new places and experience different cultures.以上为对Text 2的精读精讲，希望能够帮助考生更好地理解文本内容。
2013考研英语2阅读
2013考研英语2阅读我的回答是：2013考研英语二阅读在2013年的考研英语阅读中，考生们面临了一些挑战。
本文将通过分析考题，总结技巧，并提供备考建议，来帮助考生们更好地应对2013年考研英语二阅读。
第一部分：题型分析2013考研英语二阅读题型主要有多选题、选择填空题和匹配题。
多选题要求选择正确的选项，选择填空题则需要根据文章内容填写正确的答案，而匹配题则要求将题目与正确的选项相匹配。
多选题是相对较难的题型，因为选项较多，而且常常有干扰项。
在做多选题时，考生可以先通读全文，了解文章的主要内容和结构，然后仔细阅读每个选项，找出与文章相符的信息，并排除与文章无关或相矛盾的选项。
选择填空题则需要考生具备较好的词汇掌握和语法理解能力。
在做这类题型时，考生可以先通过关键词和词组定位答案所在的句子，然后根据句子的上下文理解填写正确的选项。
匹配题是相对简单的题型，在做这类题型时，考生应该注意选项的顺序和题目的意思，将题目与正确的选项进行逐一匹配。
第二部分：解题技巧1. 有选择题时，考生可以先读题目，然后带着问题阅读文章，这样有助于快速定位答案所在的段落。
2. 遇到生词时，可以根据上下文猜测其意思，并不需要查字典。
3. 在处理多选题时，可以先排除显然错误的选项，然后再从剩余的选项中选择正确答案。
4. 在选择填空题中，可以利用上下文语境，在理解句子的同时，尝试推测空格处应填写的具体内容。
第三部分：备考建议1. 多阅读英文文章和相关教材，提高英语阅读能力和词汇量。
2. 做真题和模拟题，熟悉考题的出题风格和解题思路。
3. 注重单词和词组的积累，因为考研英语阅读中的生词较多。
4. 制定合理的学习计划，合理分配时间用于阅读训练和模拟考试。
5. 参加英语口语训练，提高对英语的听力和口语理解能力，这对于做阅读题也有帮助。
由于考研英语二阅读题的难度较大，考生在备考过程中需要注意平衡练习和理论知识的学习，注重实际操作能力的培养，这样才能在考试中取得好成绩。
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2013考研英语二阅读技巧专题陈小龙2012.11一、阅读考试简介25小题，每题2分，共50分A节（20小题，单选）4篇文章，总长度1500词左右，5道题目/篇B节（5小题）一篇文章（450~550字）2种备选题型：多项对应（7选5）（2011，2012）判断正误（5题）（2010）要求：有一定的词汇量和语法结构知识，有较宽的知识面，有一定的阅读速度和准确率目的：获取信息，理解文章，猜测重要生词词义，并进行推断的能力等题材：社会、文化、教育、经济、管理、科技等体裁：议论文，记叙文，说明文文章出处纽约时报经济学人华盛顿邮报新闻周刊英国卫报什么决定了阅读分数？1. 词汇2. 语法（长难句）3. 阅读习惯4. 阅读陷阱二、基本阅读习惯1.不必逢词必懂2.学会跳读、略读，查读3.首末段精读4.段首段尾精读5.转折地方精读6.与题目相关的部分精读7.难题运用排除法8.顺序读文章做题三、阅读的顺序1. 许多考生在阅读时采用下面最传统的三部曲：第一部：读文章第二部：做题目第三部：有拿不准的再回头读文章有的时候还可能重复循环下去，这种做题准确率较高，缺点是速度慢，效率很低。
2. 先浏览题，记住大致考点，再读文章，划下重点位置，最后做题，一气呵成。
（推荐）3. 直接从问题入手，边读题边到前面的文章中寻找答案。
四、阅读常见题型分析*主旨性问题1-2题*细节性问题8-9题*态度性问题1-2题*推断性问题8-9题（一）主旨性问题1. Main Idea 类型典型问题形式：What is the main idea/point of this passage?选项形式为陈述句。
要求考生选择表达作者思想、观点的句子。
2. Main topic 类型典型问题形式：What is the main topic of this passage?选项形式为名词或名词词组。
要求考生指出文章的Topic（论题），或Subject(主题),或title（标题）等。
3.Purpose类型典型问题形式：What is the author’s main purpose in the passage?选项形式多为动宾结构。
抓主题句是概括中心思想的一个常见方法，主题句表达中心思想，其他的句子均围绕其展开说明或议论。
它通常以判断句的形式出现，在文章的通常位置为第一段首句、第一段末句和全文末句等地方。
主旨性问题解题点1. 第一段首句2. 第一段末句表示总结的提示词：表示推断的提示词：表示转折的提示词：3. 文章首末两段均有主题句。
4. 串线法5. 逆向思维法主旨性问题干扰项的特征：•局部信息：是主旨题干扰项最常见的特点，是指选项中出现之涉及文章的细节，如一句无展开论述的话；某自然段的大意，此种选项干扰性很强，做题时尤其需要留神。
大多数文章中心在文章的首句和末句。
“概括性的是解”。
•概括范围太宽：指选项包含的内容超出或多于文章阐述的内容。
提问标题的干扰项常有此特点。
此种干扰项是“概括性的是解”的克星，需要注意。
•无关信息：即文章中未提到、或找不到语言依据的信息。
2011年阅读真题Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their o wn doom. America’s Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them ? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Y et these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.30. The most appropriate title for this text would be__________ .[A] American Newspapers: Struggling for Survival[B] American Newspapers: Gone with the Wind[C] American Newspapers: A Thriving Business[D] American Newspapers: A Hopeless Story（二）细节性问题细节性问题为阅读考题的基本问题，占很大比重。
此类考题比较简单，因此是我们拿分的部分，有必要争取全部细节性考题答题正确。
大部分细节题体现“中心思想是解”。
1. According题型对策：利用题目中的关键词寻找文中对应词，在对应词周围查找到答案。
Para.2 (2011)Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be _______.[A] generous investors[B] unbiased executives[C] share price forecasters[D] independent advisers2. 是非题型（1）“三误一正”题型典型提问方式：Which of the following is true?对策：根据题干或选项中的关键词回返原文，找到相关句与选项相比较就能得到答案。
如果定位困难，可以考虑运用排除法，不符合解的特征及“含有原文中未提到的新概念”等选项可以排除，这样找到正确答案的可能性就大。