2019年中考英语语法常考考点之动词考点
2019中考英语知识点讲解：高频动词短语
2019中考英语知识点讲解：高频动词短语各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢英语知识点关于高频动词短语有哪些知识点呢?一起来看看具体内容吧!help sb. with sth. = help sb. do sth. 帮助…做...help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉help each other 互相帮助keep up with 跟上……，不落后于……keep silent/quiet 保持沉默/安静keep sb. doing sth. 使……一直做……keep one’s diary 记日记put on 穿上，戴上，上演put up 建造，搭起，挂起，举起，张帖put one’s heart into 全神贯注于put…down 把……放下set up 竖起，建起set off 出发，动身set out 出发set an example for 为……树立榜样send for 派人去请send out 放出，发出end up 把……往上送，发射turn on 开，旋开turn off 关上turn in 交出，上交turn…into… 把...变成...turn to 翻到，转向turn down 调低turn…over 把……翻过来play basketball 打篮球play games 做游戏play the piano 弹钢琴play with snow 玩雪play a joke 对……开玩笑think over 仔细考虑arrive at/in a place 到达某处eat up 吃完，吃光do well in= be good at 在……方面干得好enjoy doing sth.=like doing sth. 喜欢做某事find out 发现，查出finish off 吃完，喝完stop doing sth. 停止做某事stop to do sth. 停下来去做另外一件事hold a meting 举行会议hold up 举起hurry up 赶快，快点enter for 报名参加langht at 嘲笑be used to sth 习惯于......used to do sth 过去常常做......wake…up 唤醒......work out 算出，解决各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢。
中考英语动词用法总结
中考英语动词用法总结1）表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。
2）根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。
说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如： We are having a meeting. He has gone to New York. （has 是助动词。
）3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为 vt. 和 vi.。
说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。
例如： She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。
（sing 在此用作不及物动词。
） She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。
（sing 用作及物动词。
）4）根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（Finite Verb）、非限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如： She sings very well. 她唱得很好。
（sing 受主语 she 的限制，故用第三人称单数形式 sings。
） She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。
（to learn 不受主语 she 的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。
说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。
5）动词有五种形态，分别是：原形（Original Form）、第三人称单数形式我们正在开会。
（having 是实义动词。
）他已去纽约。
（Singular From in Third Personal）过去式、（Past Form）过去分词、（Past Participle）、现在分词（Present Participle）。
初中英语动词及动词短语考点
初中英语动词及动词考点1动词的基本框架动词包括实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。
(一)实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。
按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1.及物动词：及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
(1)动词+宾语I like this book very much.我非常喜欢这本书。
(2)动词+宾语+宾补We call the bird Polly.我们叫这只鸟Polly。
I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公园玩。
注意:用省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有:have,see,watch,notice,hear等。
(3)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Please pass me the salt.请把盐递给我。
常见的带双宾语的动词有:give,bring,buy,get,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,teach,tell等。
2.不及物动词不及物动词自身意思完整,不用接宾语。
Horses run fast.马跑得快。
(1)有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。
We study English.我们学习英语。
(及物动词)We study hard.我们努力学习。
(不及物动词)(2)有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语,它的作用相当于一个及物动词。
①动词+介词Listen to the teacher carefully.仔细听老师讲。
此类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词,都只能放在介词后面,不能放在动词和介词之间。
②动词+副词+介词Let’s go on with our work!让我们继续我们的工作吧!He gets along well with his classmates.他与他的同学们相处得很好。
动词最全知识点总结归纳
动词最全知识点总结归纳一、动词的分类根据动词的不同特征，可以将其分为不及物动词和及物动词、及物动词、动词短语、系动词等几种类型。
1. 不及物动词和及物动词不及物动词表示动作只涉及主语本身，不涉及其他动作对象，通常不需要宾语。
例如：go, come, sleep, run等。
及物动词表示动作同时涉及主语和其他动作对象，通常需要宾语。
例如：eat, read, see, write等。
2. 及物动词及物动词还可以根据其需要的宾语类型进行进一步的分类，分为及物动词、及物动词和不及物动词、及物动词和两个宾语等几种类型。
3. 动词短语动词短语是由一个或多个动词组成的复合结构，可以表达一个动作或状态的意义。
例如：be+V-ed, have+V-en, do V-ing等。
4. 系动词系动词是一类用来连接主语和表语的动词，它表示主语的状态、特征或性质，常常不能单独表达具体的动作。
常见的系动词有be, look, seem, feel等。
二、动词的时态时态是动词形式的一种变化，表示动作发生的时间。
英语中的时态分为一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、过去完成时、现在完成时、将来完成时等。
1. 一般现在时一般现在时表示习惯性、经常性或普遍性的动作或状态。
常用的表示一般现在时的动词有work, live, study等。
其构成为主语+动词原形。
2. 一般过去时一般过去时表示在过去某个特定的时间或时间段内发生的动作或状态。
常用的表示一般过去时的动词有played, went, worked等。
其构成为主语+动词过去式。
3. 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间或时间段内将会发生的动作或状态。
常用的表示一般将来时的动词有will+动词原形，be going to+动词原形等。
4. 现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作或状态。
常用的表示现在进行时的动词有am/is/are+动词现在分词形式。
2019年中考英语常考知识点之动词语态解析
2019年中考英语常考知识点之动词语态解析和时态一样，语态也是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语的关系。
如果动作由主语执行，就可使用主动语态，如果主语不是由主语执行，主语是动作的承受者，则可使用被动语态。
由此我们能够看出英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者，什么事情被主语做。
被动语态的构成和形式被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成，一定要记住是及物动词。
助动词必须与主语的人称和数一致，注意要与我们前一讲学过的八个时态配合使用。
适合被动语态的情况：不知道动作由谁发出，或因为某种原因没有必要说明谁发出动作。
如： This table is made of wood. 需要突出或强调动作的承受者时，如： This park was built for children.注意：主动句中的主语如果是people，they，somebody等含糊的表示"人或人们"，没有确指执行者是谁，为被动句时，通常省略"by+执行者"。
如：The door was opened secretly. But nobody came in.注意：在主动句里,不定式在make，see，hear等动词后面作宾语补足语时都不带to，但变成被动句时，后面的不定式都需带to。
如：He was made to do that work.主动语态不能变被动语态的情况：学了被动语态，别以为主动句和被动句能够随意转换，千万要注意呀!有些主动语态不能转换成被动语态。
当宾语是反身代词时, 如：You should take care of yourself. 当谓语是表状态的而不是表具体动作的及物动词时，如：Does the skirt suit you?。
2019年中考英语二轮复习第二篇语法突破篇语法专题07动词的时态和语态练习
语法专题（七）动词的时态和语态【考点过关训练】根据句意,用括号中所给词的适当形式填空1.Shewantstoknowifthereaflowershownextweek.（be）2.Ithebookfortwoweeks.（keep）3.Theydinneratthistimeyesterday.（have）4.Ifittomorrow,wewon’tgoswimming.（rain）5.—Turnofftheradio,dear.Tomissleeping.—Thereisnoneed.Heup.（wake）6.Someoneatthedoor.Canyouopenit?（knock）7.WhenIgothomeyesterdayafternoon,ithard.（rain）8.Alltheteacherswilltotheparty.（invite）9.Thesebooksmustinthebookcase.（put）10.Hewasmadehishometown.（leave）11.Manytreesinmyhometowneveryyear.（plant）12.Chinesestyleroadcrossingisabadhabitandmust.（prevent）13.Pleasesay“I’mhere”whenyourname.（call）14.Thepaperisfrombamboo.（make）15.HaveyouheardthatsomepeopletoMarsinafewyears?（send）16.Shelikestheskirtbecauseitsoft.（feel）17.Heyet.Whatdoyouthinkhashappenedtohim?（notcome）18.—Howoftendoesyourfatherexercise?—Hethreetimesaweek.（exercise）19.Sandy’sgrandparentsfor50years.（marry）20.Iamreallysorry.Iyouwerecomingthisearly.（notknow）【语法综合演练】动词的时态单项填空1.[2018·昆明]—Howwasthevolleyballgameyesterday?—Oh,itwasfantastic!Wesomuchfun.A.haveB.hadC.arehavingD.willhave2.[2018·云南]Jackashowerwhenhismotherranghimup.A.takesB.hastakenC.istakingD.wastaking3.[2017·云南]—Whatdoyouthinkofyourhometown,Kate?—Italot.It’smorebeautifulthanbefore.A.haschangedB.changesC.willchangeD.change4.[2017·曲靖]—DoyouknowwhenNickisleaving? —Heforhalfanhour.A.willleaveB.leftC.hasleftD.hasbeenaway5.[2017·昆明]—DidyoudoanythinginterestinglastSunday? —Notreally.Ijustathome.A.stayB.stayedC.willstayD.amstaying6.[2016·云南]—CanJohnplaysoccerwithus,Mrs.Black? —Onemoment,please.Heonthephonetohiscousin.A.talksB.talkedC.talkingD.istalkingⅠ.单项填空1.—Anewshopfornearlyaweek.Let’shavealookthere. —Goodidea.Butitdoesn’tonMondays.A.opened;openedB.hasbeenopened;openC.hasopened;openedD.hasbeenopen;open2.Look!Thoseboyssoccerontheplayground.A.wereplayingB.playingC.areplayingtheD.areplaying3.—Mingming,youTVforthreehours.Youshouldhavearest. —OK,Mom.A.havewatchedB.arewatchingC.watchesD.watched4.—Willyougotothecinemawithmetomorrow?—Sorry,IskatingwithTom.A.goB.wentC.havegoneD.willgo5.—Whyareyouworried?—I’mexpectingacallfrommydaughter.SheNewYorkforthreedays.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.hasbeeninD.hascomein6.—Whatdidyoudolastnight?—ITVandreadbooks.A.watchB.watchedC.havewatchedD.waswatching7.—Lookatthesestamps.Ithemforfiveyears.—Wow,theyarewonderful.A.keptB.havekeptC.haveboughtD.hadbought8.—Doyouknowwhotookthestudentstotheoldpeople’shome,Tony? —Well,Mr.Smith.A.tookB.doesC.didD.do9.—I’dlikeyoutotellmesomethingabouttheSummerPalace.—I’msorry.ButneitherJacknorIthere.A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.havegoneD.hasgone10.—Weallwenttothecinemaexceptyoulastnight.Whydidn’tyoucome?—BecauseIthatmovietwice.A.havewatchedB.hadwatchedC.waswatchingD.wouldwatchⅡ.根据句意,用括号中所给词的适当形式填空11.ThewatercoolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.（feel）12.Trustme.Iitbetweenyouandme,Ipromise.（keep）13.HesaidthatPeterhadfinishedtheworkwhenMr.Whitein.（come）14.—Whydidn’tyouanswermycall?—Iashower.ButIcalledyoubackassoonasIgotout.（take）15.Mybrothertheearlybustoschooleveryday.（catch）eandjoinus.（be）17.Look!TheGreensgamestogetherinthepark.Whatahappyfamily!（play）18.Thefilmonfortenminutesbeforewewenttothecinema.（be）19.—Isthelittlebabyinthisphotome,Dad?—Yes,itis.Andnowyouintoayoungman.Wheredoesthetimego,huh?（grow）20.Iwillgototheparkwithyouifitthisafternoon.（notrain）动词的语态单项填空1.[2018·曲靖]NowadaysChinaforitsnew“fourgreatinventions”—sharedbicycles,electronicpayments,high-speedrailwaysandonlineshopping.A.wasknowingB.wasknownC.isknowingD.isknown2.[2018·昆明模拟]—Sam,didyouwatchChinesePoetryConferenceⅢlastnights?—No,Ididn’t,becauseItowatchTVonschoolnight.A.didn’tallowB.amnotallowedC.haven’tallowedD.don’tallow3.[2018·昆明模拟]Moreandmoretreesinthefuturetomakeourenvironmentbetter.A.willplantB.willbeplantedC.plantD.areplanted4.[2018·广东]ManyshopsinChinatoshutdownasanewlawagainstivory（象牙）tradecameintoeffectonJanuary1st,2018.A.orderedB.didn’torderC.wereorderedD.weren’tordered5.[2018·贵港]Childrenunder12yearsoldridesharingbikes.It’stoodangerous.A.shouldn’tallowtoB.shouldn’tallowC.shouldn’tbeallowedtoD.shouldn’tbeallowed6.Thiskindofcarlookssobeautiful.Itinmyhometown.A.makeB.makesC.ismadeD.made7.Englishwidelyallovertheworld.A.speaksB.isspokenC.arespokenD.speaking8.Inordertomakeourcitymorebeautiful,moretreesandflowerseveryyear.A.willplantB.shouldplantC.shouldbeplantedD.plant9.Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeople’slifealotsinceit.A.inventsB.inventedC.isinventedD.wasinvented10.—Iwanttoborrowthebook,butIdon’tknowhowlongitmay. —Fortwoweeks.A.keepB.beborrowedC.borrowD.bekept参考答案【考点过关训练】1．willbe/isgoingtobe2．havekept3．werehaving4．rains5．haswoken6．isknocking7．wasraining8．beinvited9．beput10．toleave11．areplanted12．beprevented13．iscalled14．made15．willbesent 16．feels17．hasn’tcome18．exercises 19．havebeenmarried20．didn’tknow【语法综合演练】动词的时态中考体验1—6BDADBD能力训练Ⅰ．1—5DDADC6—10BBCABⅡ．11．felt12．willkeep13．came14．wastaking 15．catches16．isgoingtobe/willbe17．areplaying 18．hadbeen19．havegrown20．doesn’train动词的语态1—5DBBCC6—10CBCDD。
中考英语必考动词的分类及辨析
在英语中，动词的使用形式变化多样，与汉语语法截然不同，因此成为我们学习中的一大难点。
由近几年中考题可以看出动词为单项选择题的必考点，尤其是对动词短语的考查，偏向take、turn、put、down 等。
考查形式主要集中在三个方面：①同一动词+不同介词；②不同动词+同一介词；③不同动词+不同介词。
对动词的考查侧重感官系动词词义的辨析，也偶尔涉及实义动词的辨析。
设题形式均为简单句。
一、系动词系动词不能单独作谓语，必须跟表语一起构成谓语。
常用的系动词分类如下：(1)be动词：am, is, are, was, were(2)感官类：look, sound, smell, taste, feel(3)变化类：become, get, grow, go, turn(4)状态类：keep, stay二、助动词助动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词一起构成谓语，表示时态、语态、语气等特征，共同构成否定、疑问、强调、省略等句子。
主要的助动词有be, have, has, had, do, does, did, will, would 和shall等。
三、实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。
按其语法作用分为及物动词和不及物动词；按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1.及物动词及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
（1）动词+宾语如：Can you open the window?（2）动词+宾语+宾补如：We call him Bill.I saw Tom play in the park yesterday.注意：用省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有make, let, see, watch, hear, notice等。
（3）动词+间接宾语+直接宾语如：May I ask you a question?Please pass me the book.常见的带双宾语的动词有：give, bring, buy, get, lend, offer, pass, teach, tell, write, return等。
中考动词知识点归纳总结
中考动词知识点归纳总结动词是表示一个人或物体的动作、状态或特征的一种词类。
在语言学中，动词是非常重要的一种词类，在句子中起着至关重要的作用。
动词有时态、语态、情态和语气等不同的形式。
掌握动词的知识，对于学生来说是非常重要的，下面我来总结一下中考中涉及的动词知识点。
一、动词的基本概念1. 动词的定义动词是表示一个人或物体的动作、状态或特征的一种词类。
2. 动词的构成动词可以由一个词构成，也可以由两个或多个词组成，比如动词短语和动词复合结构。
3. 动词的分类动词可以根据词义的不同分为行为动词和状态动词。
4. 动词的时态动词根据动作发生的时间不同，在句子中用适当的时态形式表示。
英语中一般有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和过去将来时等时态。
5. 动词的语态动词可以根据动作的执行者不同分为主动语态和被动语态。
6. 动词的情态有些动词有自己的特殊形式，称为情态动词。
情态动词包括can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would等。
7. 动词的语气动词根据说话者的语气可以分为陈述语气、疑问语气、祈使语气等。
二、动词的用法1. 动词的主谓一致动词要和其主语在数和人称上保持一致。
2. 动词的时态使用根据句子的语境选择适当的时态。
3. 动词的语态转换主动语态和被动语态的转换。
4. 动词的情态使用根据句子的需要选择适当的情态动词。
5. 动词的非谓语形式使用动词的不定式、动名词和分词等的使用。
6. 动词的时态与语态的综合使用在实际应用中，时态和语态是相辅相成的。
7. 动词的虚拟语气使用虚拟语气是用来表示一种虚构的情况或假设的语气。
三、动词的习惯搭配1. 动词搭配名词、形容词和介词的用法。
2. 动词的固定搭配有些动词与介词、名词或者形容词搭配在一起，形成固定的表达习惯。
以上就是关于中考动词知识点的归纳总结，希望对你有所帮助。
学生在备考中考时，要认真掌握动词的知识点，多做题，多总结，一定会有所收获。
英语动词的知识点总结大全
英语动词的知识点总结大全1. 动词的基本概念动词是表示动作、状态或存在的词。
它通常是句子中的谓语，用来说明句子主语所进行的动作或所处的状态。
除了表示具体的动作意义外，动词还可以表示状态、情感、观点等。
在英语中，动词的形式是会随着时态、人称和数的变化而变化的。
动词的五种基本形式包括原形、第三人称单数形式、动名词、过去式和过去分词。
（1）原形：表示动作或状态的一般形式，例如：go、eat、drink。
（2）第三人称单数形式：表示第三人称单数主语时的动词形式，通常在原形后加-s或-es，例如：goes、eats、drinks。
（3）动名词：表示动作的名词形式，通常以-ing结尾，例如：going、eating、drinking。
（4）过去式：表示过去时的动词形式，例如：went、ate、drank。
（5）过去分词：表示完成时和被动语态的动词形式，通常以-ed、-en结尾，例如：gone、eaten、drunk。
2. 时态时态是动词形式的一种变化，用来表示动作或状态发生的时间。
英语中常用的时态包括简单现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时、完成时和过去完成时等。
（1）简单现在时：表示现在进行的动作或状态，主要是用在经常性的动作、普遍真理或现在的情况下，其构成是主语+动词原形（第三人称单数加-s）。
例如：I always go to school by bus.（我总是坐公交车上学。
）She likes to eat fruits.（她喜欢吃水果。
）（2）一般过去时：表示过去某个时间或一段时间内发生的动作或状态，其构成是主语+动词过去式。
例如：I visited the museum yesterday.（我昨天参观了博物馆。
）They watched a movie last night.（他们昨晚看了一场电影。
）（3）一般将来时：表示将来某一时间会发生的动作或状态，其构成是主语+will/shall+动词原形。
中考英语语法复习动词分类
九年级 动词Verb在英语中，动词变化形式最多，考题最灵活，所占分值也最大，约占整个卷面的15%左右。
近年来中考的考查重点主要集中在系动词，助动词，动词短语及易混词辨析上。
关于动词的题型也很多变，如完形填空和语法填空、短文填空等。
表示动作或状态的词是动词。
一、动词的基本形式（了解即可） 1、动词原形定义：动词最基本的形式，没有任何变化。
运用：①放在情态动词之后；②放在助动词do, does, did, will, shall 等之后；③放在使役动词 let, make, have 之后作宾语补足语； ④放在to 后面构成动词不定式； ⑤放在祈使句句首； ⑥一般现在时非三单时； 2、动词三单变化规则：①一般情况下只在动词后面加s;②以s, x, sh, ch 结尾的动词，后加es;③以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词，改y 为i ,加es; ④不规则变化：havehas, beis/are/am, gogoes...运用：在一般现在时中，当句子主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
3、动词过去式变化规则：①一般情况下只在动词后面加ed;②以不发音的e 结尾的，加d;③以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词，改y 为i ,加ed;④以“一个元音字母和一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写末尾一个字母，再加ed;动词原形过去分词⑤不规则变化：havehad, bewas/were, gowent...运用：在一般过去时中，动词原形要改为过去式4、现在分词变化规则：①一般情况下只在动词后面加ing②以不发音的e结尾的，先去掉e,再加ing;③以“一个元音字母和一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写末尾一个字母，再加ing;④以ie结尾的名词，一般将ie改为y,再加ing. 如lie, tie, die运用：现在分词与be动词构成进行时态，现在进行时或过去进行时。
5、过去分词变化规则：过去分词规则变化与过去式相同，动词不规则变化需查不规则变化动词表。
中考英语知识点梳理：动词讲解
中考英语知识点梳理：动词讲解考点一: 动词的分类动词按照含义及它们在句中的作用分为四类，即行为动词，也称实义动词，(连)系动词、助动词和情态动词。
一、动词的分类1.实义动词的用法(及物动词与不及物动词)实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。
按其是否跟宾语分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)。
(1)及物动词及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思表达完整，如reach，ask，return，love，need。
具体用法为：①动词＋宾语。
如：He reached Canada yesterday.他昨天到达加拿大。
②动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语。
如：They asked me to go fishing with them.他们让我一起去钓鱼。
I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公园里玩。
注意：带省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的常考动词有：make，let，have，see，watch，notice，hear等。
③动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语。
如：I will return the storybook to him.我准备把故事书还给他。
注意：带双宾语的常考动词有：give，bring，buy，get，leave，lend，make，offer，pass，teach，tell，reach，return等。
(2)不及物动词不及物动词本身意思完整，无须接宾语，构成“主语＋谓语”的句型，如swim，come，go，run，travel等；若后面接宾语，必须与介词连用。
如：Lucy is swimming. 露西正在游泳。
I am waiting for you at the school gate.我正在校门口等你。
(3)有些动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。
如：We study English.我们学习英语。
(及物)We study hard.我们学习努力。
【中考英语、英语语法】【人教版】中考英语动词及动词短语考点剖析
中考英语：动词及动词短语考点一常见易混动词辨析1．spend/pay/cost/take表示“花费”spend主语是人，指花费时间和金钱。
spend... on...; spend... (in) doing sth.pay主语是人，指花费金钱。
pay... for...＝spend... oncost主语是物或某种活动，指花费金钱或其他代价。
sth. cost(s) (sb.)．..多用it作形式主语，指花费时间。
It takes sb. ... to do sth.＝Sb. spend(s)．.. (in) doin takesth.Mom never spends any money on herself.妈妈从来都不在自己身上花钱。
May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I’ll pay it back next week.你能借给我12块钱吗？我下周还你。
It won’t cost you a penny for the first six months.开始的六个月你不用花一分钱。
It took them three years to build this road.他们用三年时间修完了这条路。
2．look/watch/see/read 表示“看”look看(动作)；可单独成句；look at...watch看(电视、比赛)；注视see看见(结果)；看望；理解(I see.)read看(书、报)；读；读懂别人的内心★look可以表示“看上去”，是感官系动词，后接形容词。
★看病(看医生)用see a doctor表示。
3．speak/say/talk/tell表示“说”speak发言；说(某种语言)say说(内容)；写有talk谈论；talk about sth.; talk to/with sb.tell告诉；讲述；tell sb. (not) to do sth.4.感官动词look/taste/sound/feel/smelllook看起来(视觉)taste尝起来(味觉)sound听起来(听觉)feel摸起来(触觉)smell闻起来(嗅觉)5.borrow/lend/keep表示“借”borrow借用；borrow sth. from sb.lend借给；lend sth. to sb.keep借用若干时间；keep... for 2 days6．hope/wish/expecthope希望；hope to to sth.; hope＋that 从句wish但愿、希望；wish to do sth.; wish sb. to do sth.; wish＋that 从句expect期待、期望； expect to do sth.; expect sb. to do sth.7.forget/leaveforget表示“忘记”时，forget通常不能与表示地点的副词或短语连用leave在表示“遗忘”时，通常要与表示地点的状语连用8.hear/listen/soundhear听见；hear＋名词(强调听的结果)listen听；listen to＋名词(强调听的过程)sound听起来； sound＋形容词(强调听的效果)9.wear/put on/dress/be inwear“穿着；戴着”，强调状态，wear后可接穿戴的东西，包括眼镜、首饰等put on“穿上；戴上”，指“穿”的动作，反义词为“take off”“穿衣”，是及物动词，后接人作宾语，意为“给某人穿衣服”；dress onself“打扮；给自己穿dress衣服”be in表示状态，后接衣服，也可接表颜色的词10.reach/get/arrivereach“到达”，是及物动词(比get更正式)，其后可直接接地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)get“到达”，不及物动词，之后通常接介词 toarrive“到达”，不及物动词，之后通常接介词 at (一般用于较小的地方)或 in (一般用于较大的地方)1．(2018·山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟三)—I meeting Jack today because I am still angry with him.—Come on, Mary. You are good friends.A．avoid B．expect C．enjoy2．(2018·广东普宁模拟改编)I don’t know the restaurant, but it’s to be quite a good one.A．said B．told C．spoken3．(2018·广西贵港港南二模改编)—How much money did he you yesterday?—500 yuan. I told him I would return it to him in three weeks.A．give B．borrow C．lend4.(2018·甘肃定西中考改编)—I can’t find my English textbook.—Is it possible that you it at home?A．lost B．forgot C．left5．(2018·四川泸州中考改编)It about eight minutes for the light to travel from the sun to the earth.A．costs B．spends C．takes考点二动词短语辨析常考的动词短语辨析有三种：第一种是同一动词的不同搭配；第二种是同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配；第三种是完全不同的动词短语。
2019中考英语考点8动词.doc
2019中考英语考点8动词注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！(一)知识概要动词在语言中是必不可少的一部分。
它的语法现象也较多，但在初中范围主要有以下几方面问题。
①时态：初中范围主要有一般现在时，一般过去时，现在完成时，过去完成时，将来时与过去将来时六种时态。
②语态：主动语态与被动语态。
③助动词和情态动词。
④非要点和习惯用法。
1表示状态，特征或不受时间限制的客观存在和真理。
如：Matterexistsinthreestates物质有三态。
又如：TheearthmovesaroundthesunIoftengotobedat9状语从句中表示将来要发生的动作，如：AssoonasIgetthereI'lltelephoneyou.2Iwasilllastweek Iusedtogetupatsix.3ill(shall)+动词原形来表达将来在某一时间内要发生，或经常、将要发生的动作或状态，如：SchoolwillbeginonSepember1st begoingto+动词原形，用来表示不久将要发生或打I'm goingtoswimthisafternoon be+现在分词，也就是用某些I'm coming。
这些动词只限于：go,come,leave,start,move,sail,arrive,reach,getto等动词。
④在状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。
4Whatareyoudoingnow?要注意的是表示状态，情感的某些词没有现在进行时，这些动词有：like,have(有)，love,know,understand,remember,forget,see,hear,smell,taste,feel,wishhope,expect …5Hetoldmehewouldcometomyparty6持续到现在，如：I'vestudiedEnglishfortwoyears现在，如：Ihaven'thadmybreakfast.soI'mhungrynow于动作的截止时间，现在完成时所表达的动作截止于现在，而过去完成时所表达的动作截止于过去。
2019年中考英语二轮复习第二篇语法突破篇语法专题10常考动词及动词短语练习
语法专题（十）常考动词及动词短语【考点过关训练】Ⅰ.将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语,注意使用适当的形式1.Don’t others. You can do it well by yourself.（依靠）2.Tony’s book in 2017.（出版）3.Have you the pop singer Deng Ziqi?（听说）4.Uncle Wang by selling vegetables two years ago.（谋生）5.We should try to .（使他高兴起来）6.Jim’s going to be a reporter when he .（长大）7.I’ve my money.（用完）8.My mother hopes I can get a prize in the final exam. So I’ll try my best not to .（使她失望）9.We are the summer holiday.（盼望）10.Would you mind my pet dog for me while I am away?（照看）Ⅱ.单项填空11.I an article about first aid. It’s useful when I have an accident.A.sawB.readC.lookedD.watched12.It’s cold outside. your sweater before you go out.A.Put onB.Turn onC.Put upD.Give up13.If you your name on the paper, you can get a magazine.A.cut downB.look downC.turn downD.write down14.John the TV and helped his mother with the housework.A.turned offB.heard fromC.joined inD.looked after15.The plane will from Beijing Capital Airport and land in London.A.take onB.take offC.take outD.take away【语法综合演练】Ⅰ.单项填空1.[2018·云南] We can some information about this city on the Internet.A.looked upB.look likeC.look afterD.look forward to2.[2018·曲靖] When the best singer in our class , everyone shouted with excitement.A.look upB.put upC.showed upD.made up3.[2018·昆明] Stephen Hawking, a great scientist, had a strong will（意志）.His serious illness never him living a meaningful and colorful life.A.learned; fromB.protected; fromC.saved; fromD.stopped; from4.[2018·昆明] The government will take action to the problem of heavy extracurricular burden（课外负担）on primary and middle school students.A.decidingB.decideC.solvingD.solve5.[2017·曲靖] The idea of the Belt and Road China, but it belongs to the world.es fromes outes upes back6. [2016·云南] As long as all the Chinese people pull together, our China Dream will .e truee oute upe down7.[2017·昆明] As we on our new journey, we shouldn’t forget where we came from.A.take outB.set outC.cut outD.blow out8.[2017·云南] Tom, the baby is sleeping. Please the radio a bit.A.turn onB.turn offC.turn upD.turn down9.[2018·安徽] —I’m afraid I might forget to buy the bread after work.—Don’t worry.I will you then.A.noticeB.allowC.remindD.promise10.[2018·天津] I am afraid we can not to take a taxi.Let’s go by underground instead.A.refuseB.affordC.forgetD.fallⅡ.将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语,注意使用适当的形式11.[2018·云南] When you’re learning a new language, you can’t be afraid to ; otherwise, you won’t get very far.（出错）12.[2017·云南] Life isn’t about the storm to pass; it’s about learning to dance in the rain.（等候）13.[2017·昆明] In some countries, you’re supposed to with others for the first time.（握手）14.[2017·大理模拟] She often late with her mother to watch movies.（熬夜）15.[2018·曲靖模拟] One important way to achieve your dream is to it.（坚持）Ⅰ.单项填空1.My uncle is repairing some old bikes these days. He plans to to a charity.A.give them awayB.give them upC.take them awayD.pick them up2.You should try to the problems by yourself.You’re not a child any longer.A.get onB.get intoC.get overD.get off3.—It’s hot today, isn’t it?—Yes, it is. Why not your jacket?A.take careB.take placeC.take afterD.take off4.—If you always yourself with others, you may have tons of pressure.—I agree. We should believe in ourselves.pareplainC.connectD.consider5.—Don’t , my children. Keep working hard and you will win the match.—Thank you, Mr. Zhang. We’ll try our best.A.put upB.call upC.set upD.give up6.I like these photos and they can me the life living in the countryside.A.think; ofB.remind; ofC.let; downD.wake; up7.Don’t the bus until it stops.A.turn offB.put onC.get offD.set up8.Anyone who sings well can the activity in our school.A.take part inB.take offC.take outD.take care of9.I’m not sure whether I can hold a party in the open air, because it the weather.A.stands forB.depends onC.lives onD.agrees with10.—These problems are too hard to . Will you give me some advice?—There are many ways. The most important is to have a careful plan.A.work outB.look outC.hand outD.break outⅡ.根据句意,用括号中所给词的正确形式填空11.The glass was .You have to buy a new one.（break）12.If your vocabulary is not large enough, you can’t understand the of the passage well.（mean）13.The music really great.Tell me what its name is.（sound）14.When autumn comes, the ground is covered with leaves from the trees.（fall）15.Michael and his brother are in the same team and do some together.（train）16.It’s that the old man used to be a soldier.（say）17.I enjoy parties, because they are always and lively.（excite）18. down from the mountain top, you can clearly see the whole city.（look）19.Be careful not to get yourself when you use the knife.（cut）20.Parents were all concerned about the of their children at the meeting.（protect）Ⅲ.将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语,注意使用适当的形式21.Now more and more young people the elderly on the bus in our city. （让座）22.Scott and his wife usually morning newspapers before breakfast. （浏览）23.Study hard, or you will other students.（落后）24.—How do you usually go to work?—I usually go to work by bus. But sometimes I .（开车去上班）25.Now Chinese teenagers have plenty of chances all kinds of outdoor activities. （参加）参考答案【考点过关训练】Ⅰ．1．depend on 2．came out 3．heard of 4．made a living5．cheer him up 6．grows up 7．run out of8．let her down 9．looking forward to10．taking care of/looking afterⅡ．11—15 BADAB【语法综合演练】中考体验Ⅰ．1—5 ACDDA 6—10 ABDCBⅡ．11．make mistakes/make a mistake 12．waiting for13．shake hands 14．stays up 15．stick to能力训练Ⅰ．1—5 ACDAD 6—10 BCABAⅡ．11．broken 12．meaning 13．sounds 14．fallen15．training 16．said 17．exciting 18．Looking 19．cut20．protectionⅢ．21．give/offer their seats to 22．look through23．be left behind/fall behind 24．drive to work25．to take part in。
中考英语语法之非谓语动词
中考英语语法之非谓语动词在中考英语语法中，非谓语动词是一个重要的考点。
非谓语动词分为不定式、动名词和现在分词，它们在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语等成分，以及在复合句中作状语或主语。
一、不定式不定式通常以to加动词原形构成，常用结构有以下几种：1. 作主语：To learn English well is important. (学好英语是重要的。
)2. 作宾语：They want to go to the park. (他们想去公园。
)3. 作表语：My dream is to become a doctor. (我的梦想是成为一名医生。
)4. 作定语：I have a book to read. (我有一本书要读。
)5. 作状语：She came to help us. (她来帮助我们。
)二、动名词动名词是动词加ing构成的名词形式，常用结构有以下几种：1. 作主语：Swimming is good for health. (游泳对健康有益。
)2. 作宾语：I enjoy playing basketball. (我喜欢打篮球。
)3. 作表语：His job is teaching. (他的工作是教书。
)4. 作定语：I saw a girl singing in the park. (我看到一个在公园唱歌的女孩。
)5. 作状语：She left the room, crying. (她哭着离开了房间。
)三、现在分词现在分词通常以ing结尾，常用结构有以下几种：1. 作主语：Swimming is my favorite sport. (游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
)2. 作宾语：He enjoys playing the piano. (他喜欢弹钢琴。
)3. 作表语：The movie is interesting. (这部电影很有趣。
)4. 作定语：I saw a girl dancing in the street. (我看到一个在街上跳舞的女孩。
中考英语知识点常见跟动词不定式的动词
中考英语知识点常见跟动词不定式的动词常见跟动词不定式的动词包括：
1. 动词want，如：want to go（想去）
2. 动词hope，如：hope to see（希望看到）
3. 动词plan，如：plan to travel（计划旅行）
4. 动词decide，如：decide to study（决定学习）
5. 动词agree，如：agree to help（同意帮助）
6. 动词refuse，如：refuse to go（拒绝去）
7. 动词prefer，如：prefer to stay（更喜欢停留）
8. 动词offer，如：offer to buy（提供购买）
9. 动词forget，如：forget to bring（忘记带）
10. 动词promise
注意：以上只是常见的跟动词不定式的动词，还有其他的动词也可以跟动词不定式，并且有时候一个动词可能有多种用法，需要根据具体语境来确定。
2019-2020年初中冲刺中考语法大全动词篇归纳总结
第三人称单数 They are
be动词一般如今时得否认式、疑问式和否认疑问式：
否认式
I am not (I'm not)
You are not (aren't)
He is not (isn't)
We are not (aren't)
You are not (aren't)
They are not (aren't)
疑问式
Am I?
Are you?
Is he?
Are we?
Are you?
Are they?
否认疑问式
Am I not (Aren't)?
Are you not (Aren't you)?
Is he not (Isn't he)?
Are we not (Aren't we)?
她在这么多人前不敢讲英语。
二、动词变形
英语动词在使用中有形式改变，有五种基本形式：动词实情，第三人称单数，过往式，如今分词，过往分词。
1第三人称改变规则
行为动词一般如今时得第三人称单数改变规则如下：
改变规则
例词
一般动词
在词尾加-s
help→helps
make→makes
know→knows
change→changes
Are you not (Aren't you)?
Are they not (Aren't they)?
提醒be动词一般如今时得
一定回答为：Yes, I am(/We are/He is) not/He is not)。
2019中考英语考点8动词
2019 中考英语考点 8 动词( 一)知识纲要动词在语言中是必不行少旳一部分. 它旳语法现象也许多，但在初中范围主要有以下几方面问题 . ①时态：初中范围主要有一般此刻时，一般过去时，此刻达成时，过去达成时，未来时与过去未来时六种时态. ②语态：主动语态与被动语态 . ③助动词和神态动词. ④非谓语动词，也就是不定式，动名词及此刻分词旳用法.旳应用重点和习习用法.1一般此刻时：主要有以下三方面，① 用来表示状态，特点或不受时间限制旳客观存在和真谛 . 如： Matter exists in three states物质有三态.又如：The earth moves around the sun旳动作，如：I often go to bed at 9③在时间、条件等状语从句中表示未来要发生旳动作，如：As soon as I get there I'lltelephone you.2一般过去时：①主要用于表达过去时间内发生旳动作或存在旳状态，如：I was ill last week② 过去常常发生旳动作或习惯性动作，如：I used to get up at six.3一般未来时：用于表示将要发生旳动作，其组成方式①用ｗill (shall)+动词原形来表达未来在某一时间内要发生，或常常、将要发生旳动作或状态，如：School will begin on Sepember 1st② 用be going to+ 动词原形，用来表示不久将要发生或打算去作旳动作.I'm going to swim this afternoon③be+此刻分词，也就是用某些动词旳I'm coming. 这些动词只限于：go, come, leave,start, move, sail, arrive, reach, get to等动词.④ 在状语从句顶用一般此刻时表示未来.4此刻进行时：用于表示此刻正在进行旳动作，如：What are you doing now? 要注意旳是表示状态，感情旳某些词没有此刻进行时，这些动词有：like,have ( 有 ) ，love,know, understand, remember, forget, see, hear, smell, taste, feel, wish hope, expect5过去未来时：用来表达从过去某时间点上看将要发生旳动作，如：He told me he would come to my party6此刻达成时与过去达成时：此刻达成时旳两个用途是：①用来表达在过去开始旳动作连续到此刻，如：I've studied English for two years② 用来表达过去发生旳事但它影响到此刻，如：I haven't had my breakfast. so I'm hungry now此刻达成时与过去达成时旳差异在于动作旳截止时间，此刻达成时所表达旳动作截止于此刻，而过去达成时所表达旳动作截止于过去. 如： I haven't seen my old teacher for a long time 我许久未见到我过去旳老师了. 是指到当前截止. 假如加上一句话，则将变成过去达成时，如： Yesterday I saw my old teacher. I hadn't seen him for a long time.因为我好久未见他这一状况截止于昨天. 还要注意旳一个问题是截止性动词能够有达成时，但不可以与表示一段时间旳状语连用，如：When I got to school, the class had begun 假如一定要讲开始几分钟了则要换用表示状态，或连续性动词，如：WhenI got to school, the class had been on for five minutes . 主动语态，句子中旳主语是动作旳履行者，如：I broke the window 而被动语态句子中旳主语是主动语态句子中旳宾语，如： The window was broken by me 被动语态主要用于，动作旳履行者不明确，或没有必需说出来，如：The New building was built last week 重点要注意旳是在主动语态中有省略不定式符号to 旳动词，在被动语态要复原，如：主动语态I saw him come in. He was seen to come in.自己没有词义，它只可是与实义动词一同组成谓语动词，形成了时态、语态、组成了疑问句，否认句，以及用来增强语气. 而神态动词则表达一种可能、必需、赞同、梦想、猜想旳企图、偏向 . 也用来表示语气旳委宛和祝福. 初中阶段主要有： can, could, may, might, will, would, must (have to), shall, should.旳是非谓语动词，非谓语动词分为不定式，和动词旳ing 形式， ( 即此刻分词和动名词). 固然在初中范围，这一项不是语法重点，但仍是要花一准时间去学习，为旳是打下优秀旳基础. 为进一步学习供给优秀旳条件. 不定式在句中能够作主语、宾语、表语. 如： To see is to believe.(百闻不如一见) He want to see a film还能够作补足语，如：He wants me to leave. 也能够作状语，如：I come here to learn English.Seeing is believing.I like swimming very much. 而此刻分词多用于作定语、补足语、状语，如：The girl driving a car is her sister.(定语) Did you notice his hand shaking?(宾语补足语)Hearing the noise, we stopped talking.(状语)( 二)正误辨析［误］ She laid down and soon fell asleep.［正］ She lay down and soon fell asleep.［析］考试中常出现旳是易混动词lay 放， lie躺，lie谎话.它们旳过去时、过去分词和此刻分词变化以下：lay ( 放) laid ， laid ， laying ( 及物动词 )lie ( 躺) lay ， lain ， lying ( 不及物动词 )lie ( 谎话 ) lied ， lied ， lying［误］ Please rise your hand.［正］ Please raise your hand.［析］ rise是不及物动词，后来不可以接宾语，如：The sun rises in the east. 而 raise是及物动词 .［误］ I like to swim very much, but I don't like swimming this afternoon.［正］ I like swimming very much, but I don't like to swim this afternoon.［析］ like作为"喜爱"讲时，能够接动名词也能够接不定式，但接动名词时多表达一种习惯性动作 . 而接不定式则重视于表达一次性、特别性旳动作.但要注意旳是like与would 连用时则必定要接不定式，如：Would you like to go with me?再有一点要注意旳是， like作为介词"像"讲时，只好用分词作其宾语.［误］ Stop! Did you listen to a strange voice?［正］ Stop! Did you hear a strange voice?［析］ hear旳重视点是听到、听见什么，而listen to旳重视点为听旳偏向，如：listen!Do you hear someone calling help? 这样旳词还有look 与 see. 它们旳重视点也不一样，look重于 " 看 " 旳偏向，而see 重于看见没看见.［误］ Did you watch some film recently?［正］ Did you see some film recently?［析］英语中see与watch各有不一样旳用途，see 用于看电影、剧目，而watch 用作看电视和看球赛.［误］Look. A beautiful lamp hanged from the ceiling.［正］Look. A beautiful lamp hung from the ceiling.［析］hang 有两个含义，①" 挂" ，它旳过去时与过去分词是hung，hung; ②" 绞刑 "，这时它是规则动词，其过去式与过去分词则为hanged，hanged.［误］How long can I borrow this book?［正］How long can I keep this book?［析］" 借 " 在英文中有三个词，①借入，即 borrow, 如：May I borrow some books from the library? ②借出，如： I can lend my bike to you. ③借多久要用keep, 因为borrow 与 lend 都是截止性动词，而 keep 是连续性动词 . 如 How long can I keep it?［误］ We have won your class.［正］ We have beaten your class.［析］ win 是及物动词，后来面旳宾语应是竞赛、战争、奖品、奖金. 而beat 旳宾语，应是人、队、班级等等，如：We won the game.［误］I left my key.［正］I forgot my key.［正］I left my key at home.［析］ leave是"丢掉"，后来必定要接地址状语，而forget后来不要接地址状语.［误］Oh! It's raining outside. Please bring the rain coat with you.［正］Oh! It's raining outside. Please take this rain coat with you.［析］bring 为" 带来 " 如： Next time bring your little sister here. 而take 为 " 带走" ， fetch 为 " 去某处取什么回来" ，如：Please fetch some coffee for us 要熟记旳是在初中课文中与take 相关旳take away 拿走take back 回收 take down take off 脱下take out 取出take place take hold of 拿住 take partin 参加take a seat take one's place 代替take a look 看看take one's turn take a message 捎信 take care of 照看take it easy take one's time慢慢来take one's temperature 丈量体温［误］The policeman reached his gun.［正］The policeman reached for his gun.［析］reach 作 " 抵达 " 讲时是及物动词，如：I reached the hotel at 8 ∶ 30 "伸手去拿" ，则要用reach for something. 作为 " 抵达 " 讲时还有arrive (in+ 大地方)(at ＋较小旳地方) 和get to. 要注意旳是与get 相关旳get back 回来get in 收割get into 进入get off get on 上车get out 出去get up 起床get toget ready for=be ready for get on well with get 加比较级为变得get colder and colder.［误］ This dictionary spent me five dollars.［正］ This dictionary cost me five dollars.［析］英文中旳"花销"有4个spend, cost,take和pay,此中spend与pay所在句中旳主语应为人，如：I spent two hours in doing my homework. I paid five dallars forthe book. 而 cost 与 take 旳主语则是事物，如：It takes me two years to finish this book.［误］ In summer I always sleep with the windows opened.［正］ In summer I always sleep with the windows open.［正］ I always sleep with the windows closed.［析］要注意open 是动词也是形容词，而close 则要用其过去分词作形容词.［误］Please wait a minute. I'm having on my clothes.［正］Please wait a minute. I'm putting on my clothes.［析］英语中旳穿衣服要分状态，是什么样旳衣着妆扮，仍是穿衣服旳动作两类动词.表示衣着状态旳词有have on, wear,在用法上have on 不宜用进行时态，它多用一般时态，如：She has on a new school dress.而wear则多用进行时来表示状态，如：She is wearinga new sweater.在表示动作旳词中put on 是常用旳一词 .dress用作动词当"穿衣"讲时后来宾语不该接衣物，而要接人，如：My children were very young they couldn't dressthemselves.在表示衣着状态时用其过去分词当形容词，如：He is dressed in white.［误］ My computer can't begin. Could you find someone to help me?［正］ My computer can't start. Could you find someone to help me?［析］ begin与start均可指"开始"，并且常常能够交换，如：School begins(starts)at 8 a. m. 可是在两种状况下不宜用begin而要用start,① 看作机器开动、发动讲，如：My car can't start. There must be something wrong with it.② 作为"旅途开始"讲，如： We should have to start early. There was a lot of traffic on the road.［误］ I'm very glad because I have founded my lost key.［正］ I'm very glad because I have found my lost key.［析］ find是不规则动词，它旳过去式和过去分词是found, found，而found又是另外一词 " 成立 " ，它是规则动词，其过去式与过去分词是founded founded,如：The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.［误］ Please. Let's speak in English.［正］ Please. Let's speak English.［正］ Please. Let's talk in English.［误］ Can you speak it English?［正］ Can you say it in English?［析］英文中"说"有4个常用词say, tell, speak, talk.此中不及物动词有speak 和talk ，如： I want to talk with you.We are talking about the new film.而speak后来接语言时是及物动词，其余状况是不及物动词.say与tell是及物动词，此中tell常用双宾语，如： Tell us a story.但用于讲真话或谎言时也用单宾语. 如： Tell the truth.［误］ Can you say Japanese from Chinese?［正］ Can you tell Japanese from Chinese?［析］ tell from 为固定词组，即分辨二者旳不一样.［误］ Excuse me, did I step on your foot?［正］ Oh, sorry, did I step on your foot?［析］ excuse me用于未打搅对方前，以提示对方注意旳用语，而sorry则是因为自己已做旳事向对方致歉.［误］ Would you care for to swim with us?［正］ Would you care to swim with us?［析］ care for后接不定式时，要省略for,或换用名词，如：Would you care for a cup of tea. care for作"照料"讲时与look after同样.在初中阶段学习与for相关旳词组有：ask for恳求call for接人，请人care forgo in for从事answer for负责look for找寻wait for等候send for请人pay forsearch for找寻leave for去某地prepare forthank somebody for something为某事向某人致谢.［误］ Are you understanding it? Yes, I got to it.［正］ Do you understand it? Yes, I got it.［析］ understand 这一词没有进行时态，好像感观动词love 、hate I got it 是美语，即 I understood it. 要记住 get 作为 " 抵达 " 讲时是不及物动词，如：I'll get to the school at 8 a. m. 初中范围常用与to 相关旳belong to 属于 come to 清醒 point to (at) get to 抵达 refer to 谈到 stick to lead to 致使turn to 翻到 look forward to agree to 赞同［误］ The meat has gone badly.［正］ The meat has gone bad.［析］英语中go, get,become, turn作为转变时，后来接形容词，这时这些动词应被看作系动词 .［误］The teacher said the earth moved around the sun.［正］The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.［析］假如主句旳谓语动词是此刻时，其宾语从句能够是任何时态 . 假如是过去时，则宾语从句中旳时态应与之响应 . 但地球环绕太阳转是不随时间而变化旳客观事实，所以还应用一般此刻时态来表达.［误］ I'll come to see you as soon as I'll be back.［正］ I'll come to see you as soon as I am back.［析］在状语从句中要用一般时来表示未来，如：I should tell him when he came back.［误］ I want to know whether you come to my party tomorrow or not.［正］ I want to know whether you will come to my party tomorrow or not.［析］在宾语从句中则要用未来时表示未来旳动作. 要注意旳是假如宾语从句中仍有状语从句时，依旧要用一般此刻时表示未来，如：I want to know if it rains tomorrow you'll come here or not.［误］ What did you do at eight last night?［正］ What were you doing at eight last night?［析］在描绘过去某一详细时辰旳动作或从某时到某时一段时间内正在进行旳动作要用过去进行时，如： I was washing clothes from eight till noon last Sunday［误］ My classmates came to see a film yesterday. I didn't go with them, because I have seen it before.［正］ My classmates came to see a film yesterday. I didn't go with them because I had seen it before.［析］此刻达成时与过去达成时旳同样之处是其动作均开始于过去旳某一点，它旳差异在于该动作是截止到什么时候. 如动作截止到此刻用此刻达成时；如动作截止到过去，用过去达成时 . 比如： I've learnt English for three years.(到此刻为止)又如：Before I went to college, I had learnt English for three years. (动作截止到上大学那时，即截止于过去 )［误］ I'm feeling well now.［正］ I feel well now.［析］旳词：believe, feel, forget, imagine, know, mean, need, prefer, remember, understand, want表示感情旳动词：care, like, do like, love, mind, hate, fear表示状态旳词：belong, own感观动词： feel, hear, see，smell, taste［误］ When have you done this work?［正］ When did you do this work?［析］ when 发问旳是一个时间点不行用于达成时态旳问句中.［误］ This is our new English teacher. He has gone to many foreign countries.［正］ This is our new English teacher. He has been to many foreign countries.［析］ have gone to是到某地去了，这人此刻不在这里.have been to是到过某地，此刻这人在说话现场.［误］ I have borrowed this book for two weeks.［正］ I have kept this book for two weeks.［析］截止性动词有达成时态，但不行和与表达一段时间旳时间状语连用. 如：WhenI got to the cinema the film had begun.但要讲When I got to the cinema the film hadbe on for five minutes这样旳用法还有buy, join, die,如：I bought this bookyesterday.我昨天买旳这本书.I have had this book for two days.这本书我已买了两天了 .I joined the club two years ago.两年前我加入了这个俱乐部.I have been in this club for two years.我加入这个俱乐部已两年了.My father died five years ago. 我父亲是 5 年前往世旳.My father has been dead for five years. 我父亲已逝世 5 年了.［误］ Have you understood the lessons?［正］ Do you understand the lessons?［析］有些动词不易用达成时态，它们是understand, think, believe, know (知道) ［误］It was said that the Second World War had broken out in 1939.［误］It was said that the Second World War was broken out in 1939.［析］在叙述过去旳历史事件时，总要用过去时而不要用达成时，并且happen, break out, take place 作为发生讲时均没有被动语态.［误］When I walked along the street. I happened to meet an old friend.［正］When I was walking along the street I happened to meet an old friend.［析］在一个长动作发生或进行旳过程中，某一忽然事件发生，这时长动作应用进行时( 此刻进行时或过去进行时 ) ，而突发性动作用一般时 ( 一般此刻时或一般过去时) ，如：When my father is reading a newspaper the telephone rings.［误］Please buy a book for me.［正］Please buy me a book.［正］Please buy a book to me.［析］me a book 在接双宾语旳动词后边旳两个宾语，一个是直接宾语，一个是间接宾语，如：Buy中me是间接宾语，而 a book 是直接宾语 . 假如将直接宾语前置，后来应加 to ，如：Tell me a story. Tell a story to me. Give me a book. Give a book to me.［误］He was seen come into the book store.［正］ He was seen to come into the book store.［析］在主动语态中，有时能够加不带to 旳不定式作宾语，如：I saw him come into the book store.但假如变成被动语态时，则要将省略旳to 复原 . 自然这些动词还能够加动名词作宾语，如：I saw him coming into the book store,如变成被动语态时，则没有变化 . 如： He was seen coming into the book store.［误］ How nice the book is! Is it sold well?［正］ How nice the book is! Does it sell well?［析］有些动词能够表示一种动作，但也能够用来表示某种性质，表示动作时可用被动语态，在表示性质时则不行用被动语态. 如：This book sells well.这本书热销.This car drives easily.这车简单驾驶.These clothes wash easily.这些衣服好洗.在作上述表达时，不要用被动语态. 而要讲：This kind of book was sold out. (这类书卖完了)These clothes were washed by the washing machine.这时要用被动语态，因为它描述旳是详细动作.［误］ Must I do it now?No. you mustn't.［正］ Must I do it now?No, you needn't.［析］ need 用在疑问句和否认句中常用作神态动词，后来接不带to 旳不定式 . 由 must 发问旳问句作答语时，如是必定旳要用 must, 否认旳要用needn't ，即为没有必需. 在必定句中常用作实意动词，如：I need to wait for my boy.［误］ Is this book yours?Yes, It's.［正］ Is this book yours?Yes, It is.［析］在必定旳回答中不要用缩写形式，而在否认旳回答中能够用缩写形式，如：No. Itisn't.［误］I'll have my bike repair tomorrow.［正］I'll have my bike repaired tomorrow.［析］ have+ 人 +动词原形或此刻分词意为：让某人作某事，如：My father had me to learn how to drive ，或My father had me doing my homework from morning till mighthave+物 +动词旳过去分词为某件事被他人达成. 如： I have my hair cut. 我去剪发. 而不是自己剪发. 假如讲我想自己作某事，则用I want to repair my bike myself.［误］I'll get my brother repair the bike for you.［正］I'll get my brother to repair the bike for you.. 同样之处，如：have something ［析］have 与get 旳用法有同样之处，也有不一样之处done, 也可用get something done, 或 have (get) somebody doing something 但不一样之处在于have somebody do something 在用get 时则要用get somebody to do something.［误］ I have to study on Saturday but I haven't to study a full day［正］I have to study on Saturday ，but I don't have to study a full day.［析］have to 不得不，而don't have to 为其否认式.［误］ Is Tom in the classroom? No. He mustn't be in the classroom, because Isaw him talking with our teacher in the office just now.［正］ Is Tom in the classroom? No. He can't be in the classroom because I sawhim talking with our teacher in the office just now.［析］ must加动词原形表达一种比较必定旳推断，而表示否认旳推断则要用can't.［误］ My grandpa is over eighty but he is able to read without glasses.［正］My grandpa is over eighty ，but he can read without glasses.［析］can (could) 多用于表达客观旳事实，主观能力，而be able to 则多用于表达主观旳意向 .［误］ She doesn't answer the doorbell.She should be asleep.［正］ She doesn't answer the doorbell.She must be asleep［析］ should用于此刻时态旳句子中应译为" 应当 " ，如： You should do your homework right away.而must加动词原形表示一种推断.［误］ Do you like to go with us?［正］ Would you like to go with us?［析］ Do you like问旳是习惯，如：Do you like swimming?而would you like是一次性旳邀请.［误］ I am used to get up early in the morning.［正］ I am used to getting up early in the morning.［析］ used to共有三种用法，① 表示过去旳习惯，如：I used to live with my parents.旳习惯连续到此刻，如：I am used to swimming in the river.③ 用于被动语态，如：Oil is used to cook［误］ To play with the children are very interesting.［正］ To play with the children is very interesting.［析］不定式作主语时，应视为单数主语，特别是两个不定式用and 作连词作主语时，如指旳是一件事也应用单数谓语动词. 如： To get up early and to go to sleep early isgood for your health.［误］ He asked me do my homework alone.［正］ He asked me to do my homework alone.［析］某些动词要求不定式作其宾语或宾语补足语，它们是：ask somebody to do something 要求某人做某事. tell somebody to do something告诉某人做某事还有prepare 准备， decide决定，happen to刚巧，seem仿佛.［误］ he told me to drive a car.［正］ He told me how to drive a car.［析］要学会疑问词加不定式旳用法，特别要注意旳是what 是疑问代词，而how是疑问副词 . 如： I want to know what to do. (我想知道干什么). I want to know how to doit. (我想知道怎样去作).要注意旳是how to do it中旳it是不行少旳，因how 是疑问副词，不可以作及物动词旳宾语，而what 是疑问代词，可做do 旳宾语，所以what to do后不要加 it.［误］ I am very glad meeting you.［正］ I am very glad to meet you.［析］很多形容词后加不定式，这样用时形容词多是用来描绘人物旳感情、态度，如：glad, happy, pleased, lucky, sorry, sad, upset, ready, careful, surprised.［误］ I'm too glad for seeing you.［正］ I'm too glad to see you.［析］这句话不可以依据too to 旳句型翻译为：我太快乐了以致于不想见你. 而应译为：见到你太快乐了. 又如： She is too honest to tell the truth应译为：她很诚实，不会不讲真话 .［误］ Tom is too young not to join the army.［正］ Tom is too young to join the army.［析］这是too to 旳正常用法，太怎样怎样以致于不可以怎样.［误］ I went to the hospital for seeing my old friend. He was ill in hospital.［正］ I went to the hospital to see my old friend. He was ill in hospital.［析］在句中表示某动作旳目旳时，要用不定式而不可以用for加动名词.［误］ Could you help me to find a chair to sit.［正］ Could you help me to find a chair to sit on.［析］当不定式作后置定语时，将不定式放于名词以后. 假如不定式中旳动词是不及物动词，则后来面旳介词不要省略. 如： I sat on the chair.这样旳用法还有：I want to finda room to live in. I want to find a pen to write with.［误］ When mother was about leaving the baby cried suddenly.［正］ When mother was about to leave the baby cried suddenly.［析］ be about to是表达较近旳马上发生旳动作，可用来表示未来时，或按计划、安排旳事 .［误］ This work is difficult to be done.［正］ This work is difficult to do.［析］在不定式作宾语时，以下状况常用主动语态表示被动. ①句子旳主语即是不定式动作旳履行者，如：I have a lot of letters to write.② 句中旳宾语是不定式中动作旳履行者，如：Could you find me a job to do? ③在形容词以后旳不定式，如：English is difficult to learn.［误］ Would you like to see a film with us?Yes, I'd love.［正］ Would you like to see a film with us?Yes, I'd love to.［析］I had to (不得不作) I'm going to ( 打算作 ) I used to (过去习惯作)I'd love to (喜爱作) I hope to (希望作某事) I'll be glad to (快乐作)［误］ Did you see someone to do this work for me?［正］ Did you see someone do this work for me?［析］在感观动词以后常接不带to旳不定式.这些词是see, look at, watch, hear,listen to, feel, notice.［误］ He was seen prepare this car.［正］ He was seen to prepare this car.［析］在被动语态中要将主动语态句中省去旳不定式复原回来.［误］Please Let my child to try it again.［正］Please Let my child try it again.［析］在make, have, let 后加不带to 旳不定式作宾语补足语.［误］ Why not to do it again?［正］ Why not do it again?［析］ Why not, you'd better后接不带to 旳不定式，如：You'd better go.但要注意旳是它旳否认式是You'd better not go.［误］ When he heard the news he couldn't help to cry.［正］ When he heard the news he couldn't help crying.［析］can't help+ 此刻分词表示不由自主作某事.［误］In autumn, the street is always covered with falling leaves.［正］In autumn, the street is always covered with fallen leaves.［析］此刻分词作定语有正在旳含义，如：falling leave 正着落旳叶子. 而过去分词作定语fallen leaves 是落地旳叶子. 过去分词含有已经达成旳意思.［误］ Do you hear someone sing in the office?［正］ Do you hear someone singing in the office?［析］感观动词可用不带to 旳不定式来作宾语补足语，表达一个动作旳全过程或已结束旳动作，而用此刻分词表示一个正在进行中旳动作.［误］ I want to shop some food for supper.［正］ I want to buy some food for supper.［正］I want to go shopping.［析］shop 作买东西讲时，要用go shopping, 后来不要加所购置旳东西. 这样旳用法还go boating 划船go sailing 航海go skating go shooting 射击go dancing 去跳舞go fishing go swimming 去游泳不要用错，也不要改为其余式，因为这是习习用法.［误］ When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped to talk.［正］ When the teacher came into the classroom. the students stopped talking.［析］ stop to do something是停下往来做某事，而stop doing something则是停止做某事 .［误］ I didn't r emember closing the door, so the thief came into the room directly.［正］I didn't r emember to close the door, so the thief came into the room directly.［析］ remember 后接不定式是记住去做某事，即该动作并无达成. 而 remember 后接动名词则表示该动作已经作完了. 如： Do remember to turn off the light, before youleave. 即在你走开前记住去关灯. 而关灯旳动作并无做.I remember meeting you somewhere. 我记得在某处见过你. 而相见一事已经作完了. 同样用法还有forget.［误］ When I finished to do this work I would go to play football.［正］ When I finished doing this work I would go to play football.［析］在英语中有些动词后要接动名词作宾语. 在初中范围主要有两个动词finish和enjoy, 千万不要与like对比.因为like作动词"喜爱"用时，后来接动名词表示习惯性动作，接不定式表示一次性特别旳动作，而would you like后边则必定要用不定式.［误］ When he finished his homework, he went on playing the football.［正］ When he finished his homework, he went on to play football.［析］go on to do something是做完一件事紧随着做另一件事. 而 go on doing something 是在做一件事旳过程中被打断后接着再连续做这件事.［误］ He's busy to prepare his lessons.［正］ He's busy preparing his lessons.［析］ be busy后加doing而不可以接不定式.( 三)例题分析1Mr Zhang asked me ＿＿＿ the words again. A.readB.readsC.to readD.reading［答案］ C.［析］ ask somebody to do something要求某人作某事.2You ＿＿＿ play on the road. It's dangerous.A. mustn'tB.mayC.canD.must［答案］ A.［析］ must用于否认句表示严禁做某事.3Mr Brown ＿＿＿ in Beijing since 1993. A.workB.worksC.workedD.has worked［答案］ D.［析］句中有since指引旳时间状语，所以句中要用达成时态.4I＿＿＿ a letter when my mother came in.A.writeB.am writingC.was writingD.will write［答案］ C.［析］当母亲进来时是一个刹时旳动作，而写信是一个长动作，所以写信这个动作应用过去进行时态，表示在写信过程中发生旳另一个短动作.5It's not an important party, you needn't＿＿＿.A. pay for itB. wear it outC. try it outD. dress up for it［答案］ D.［析］pay for-为某物，某人付款，wear out-穿坏，磨破，tryout- 选拔，精选，而dress up-梳洗妆扮.6Can I ＿＿＿ a bike from him? A.lendB.returnC.giveD.borrow［答案］ D.［析］ borrow something from为向某人某处借某物. 而 lend, return, give后边旳介词应用to.7- Must I stay at home?- No, you＿＿＿.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.may notD.can not［答案］ B.［析］ needn't为"没有必需一定做某事" ，而 mustn't为"严禁做"，can not为"不可以做". 依据题意是：你不必定待在家里.8- How long have you＿＿＿here?-About two months.A. beenB.goneeD.arrived［答案］ A.［析］ have been here是个状态，能够与后边旳长时间状语连结，而其余三个动词都是瞬时动词 .9Stamps ＿＿＿ by people for sending letters.A. useingedD.are used［答案］ D.。
人教版2019年九年级初中英语知识归纳复习总结(第三部分)：动词
（1）have to与must的区别
must是情态动词，意思是“必须”、“应该”、“一定要”，后接动词原形。Must的否定形式为mustn’t.构成疑问句时，肯定回答一般用must。否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to表示“不必”。如：
Must I do it now ?
Yes, you mustNo, you needn’t.
mean, meant, meantride, rode, riddenrise, rose, risen
shake, shook, shakenswim, swam, swumtear, tore, torn
throw, threw, thrownwear, wore, worn
3、英语动词的现在分词，一般在动词末尾加-ing。
give oneself topride oneself on
Hegiveshimselftopop music.
She alwaysdresses herself inwhite.
第十二课时动词（二）
一、动词的形式
大多数动词有四种基本形式：
1、现在式；2、过去式；3、过去分词；4、现在分词；
现在式是字典中所给的形式，也可称为动词原形。按照动词各种形式的构成方法，动词可分为规则动词和不规则动词两类。
B.和动词不定式构成谓语，表示因客观环境促使不得不做的事情
She had to go shopping yesterday.
（3）助动词do
A.构成疑问句和否定句
Did anyone sharpen this knife?
I don’t think you are right.
B．用来加强语气
2019年中考英语知识点梳理：动词讲解
2019年中考英语知识点梳理：动词讲解【考点直击】1.动词的八种时态的构成及用法;2.动词被动语态的构成及用法;3.非谓语动词的构成及用法;4.近义动词的用法区别。
【名师点睛】1.动词的时态英语时态用共有十六种时态，其中常用的有8种，它们是：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在实行时、现在完成时、过去实行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。
(1)一般现在时的基本用法1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
时间状语：every…, sometimes,at…, on SundayI leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客观真理，客观存有，科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall.【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..4) 现在时刻的状态、水平、性格、个性。
I don't want so much.5) 某些动词如 come, go, move, stop, leave, arrive, be, finish, continue, start 等，在一般现在时句中可用来表示将来肯定会发生的动作。
The train comes at 3 o'clock.6) 在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I'll help you as soon as you have problem.Tell Xiao Li about it if you meet him.(2)一般过去时的用法：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚时能够不带时间状语。
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2019年中考英语语法常考考点之动词考点
1.动词的时态：
①一般现在时
一般现在时的主要用法有两点：其一表示一经常发生的动作，如：
i always go to school at seven.
其二表示某一真理，事实，如：
the earth moves around the sun。
②现在完成时
现在完成时的主要用法有两点：其一表示某一动作发生于过去，
并持续下来，到现在完成。
如：Ｉhave studied english for two years.
其二表示某动作发生于过去并已结束，但其影响到现在。
如：Ｉhaven't had my lunch. i'm hungry now。
与现在完成时连用的词语有：yet，already，before，
since，ever，never等。
其考查要点：
其一：have been表示以前去过，如：i have been to america twice. 说此话的人应
已经回到国内。
而he has gone to japan。
则此人当前已到
日本去了。
其二：截止性动词能够有现在完成时，但不可与表示一段长度的词连用，如：the class has begun. the class has been on for five minutes。
③一般过去时
表示过去发生的动作，过去的习惯或反复发生的动作。
如：who broke the window? in those days，Ｉstudied hard at night every day.
与过去时连用的时间状语有：at that time，ago，in 1949，just now (刚才)，last night，yesterday
④一般将来时
纯将来时的表示法：shall/will+动词原形
例：Ｉ'll leave for shanghai this evening。
表示按计划要做或可能做的事：be going to+动词原形
例：Ｉ'm going to help you tonight。
将来时的特殊表示法
a.be+coming/leaving/going/starting/arriving
例：don't worry. i'm coming。
b.be about to+动词原形
例：Ｈe is about to leave，when the telephone rings。
c。
状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来
例：Ｉf it rains tomorrow i won't go to the party。
2.情态动词：
can：能，会
例：Ｈe can do it very well。
may：许可，可能性
例：Ｍay Ｉuse your pen?
must：必要，禁止(多表示主观看法)
例：Ｙou mustn't play with fire。
haveto：不得不(多表示客观之事)
例：I have to go，because Ｉhave a meeting。
could与would：二者用于现在时表示语气的委婉
例：could you help me?。