人教版高中英语选修7天台县育青中学 Unit4SharingGrammar 定语从句复习

Grammar 定语从句复习一、关系代词的基本用法(1)that 的用法即指人也指物，作主语，宾语。

在定语从句中，作______________ 可以省略。

①She is the girl that you want to know. (宾语，指人)②Do you like the book that you borrowed yesterday? (__________,________)③This is the factory that produces cars. (_________,_________)(2)which 的用法指物，作主语，宾语，作___________可以省略。

①The southern Great Wall is a place which is famous . (__________,________)②The building which they are building will be finished next week. (__________,________)(3)who 的用法指人，作主语，宾语，作宾语可以省略。

My friend is a teacher who is wise.(4)whom 的用法指人，作宾语，可以省略，还可以用who 和that代替。

Linda is the student whom I gave the book.(5)whose 的用法即指人也指物，作定语，指人相当于of whom; 指物相当于of which.Bill Gates is a businessman whose wealth ranks first in the world.①I’m painting a house, the roof _____________ is round.=I’m painting a house whose roof is round.②They live in a house ,__________ windows face south.=They live in a house, the windows___________ face south.(6)as 的用法1)即指人也指物，作主语，宾语。

常用在the same…as…; such…as…; as…as…；as we allknow,……句型中。

2)as翻译为“正如”,可以指代整个句子，放在句首和句中。

①I want to have such a computer as he has.②I’ll buy the same dictionary as you have.③Yao Ming, as you know, is an excellent basketball player.④Allen has made much progress in English, as/which delighted us.练习：who/whom/that/which/whose/as1. The earthquake_______________ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2. We don’t know the number of people ______________ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake3. The house ________________ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.4. The boy wanted to have the same books _______________ she had.5. Luckily none of the people ______________ I know were killed in the earthquake .6. Harry is the boy _____________ mother is our teacher .即使先行词是时间地点原因,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that, which. 而when, where, why在定语从句中作状语。

①October 1,1949 is the day_____________ China is founded.②October 1,1949 is the day ___________ we will never forget.③This was the village _______________ we first meet.④He got to the village _____________ his father once visited.⑤I don’t know the reason ______________ he was refused.⑥I didn’t accept the reason ______________ he explained.⑦I like to live in the village ___________ there is plenty of fresh air.⑧This was the village _____________ we first reached.三、由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句结构是：指物“介词+which”；指人“介词+whom”1. 介词来源A.与先行词的搭配关系on which ; during which; in which; by which; at which1）I will never forget the day _____________ I joined the army.2) I will never forget the days ____________ I worked in the school.3) I will never forget the year ____________ my son went to college.4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, ____________most people had finished supper.5) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, ____________most people were having supper.B. 与定语从句谓语动词的搭配1）Have you found the book ____________ I paid 29 US dollars?2) Have you found the book _____________ I spent 29 US dollars?3) Have you found the book _____________ we learnt a lot?4) Have you found the book ____________ she often talks?2. 介词的位置1）The chair on which she is sitting is made of wood.The chair (which/that) she is sitting on is made of wood.2) Is this the book which you are looking for?介词for不能与look分开。

常用的不可拆开的动词习语有：care for喜欢、关心deal with处理、对付、处置、论述get through渡过难关hear from／of／about收到某人的来信／听说look for／after寻找／照顾send for派人去请see to照顾、料理3. 注意点I bought a car yesterday the color of which is white.= I bought a car yesterday of which the color is white.= I bought a car yesterday ___________ color is white.练习：用介词＋关系代词填空1 The boy was staying in the room _________________window he could climb down.2. He’s the man ____________ I learnt the news.3. Who’s the comrade ____________ you just shook hands.4. There are 52 students in our class, ___________ nearly 40 are League members.5. The old man always wears his glasses _______________he can’t see anything.6. The key____________ she was opening the door broke.7. The library ___________ we often go on Sundays is not far from our school.8. No one knew the reason _____________ she was leaving so early.四、定语从句注意点注意：1. 在下列情况下, 用that而不用which。

A. 当先行词有“人”又有“物”时They are talking about the factory，the leaders and the workers ________they visited yesterday.B. 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, 等不定代词时。

Don’t throw away anything ___________may be of use.I’ll do all____________ I can to help you.C. 先行词为序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

This is the first step _____________we should take.This is the most interesting film _____________I’ve ever seen.D. 先行词被the very, the only，any, all , every, no, some, little, much等修饰词修饰时.Mary is the only girl ____________likes playing football.You are the very man___________ can do the job well.I’ve read all the books _____________are about this matter.E.当主句为who或which引导的特殊疑问句时Who is the girl ___________is talking with your teacher?Which is the pencil ___________you used just now?注意：2. 在下列情况下, 用which而不用thatA. 介词后This is the book __________ she described his miserable life.B. 非限制性定语从句The weather turned out to be fine, ____________ was a surprise.I won’t tell them the news, _____________ makes them unhappy.注意：3.在下列情况下, 用who而不用that1. those/anyone/one/ones指人Those ______ dare to break the school rules will be punished.2.there be 结构，主语是人There is a young man ___________ wants to see you at the school gate.注意：4. 主谓一致1.Those who _________ to go to the cinema must be at the school gate by 3:30 p.m. (want)2. He who _____________ the great wall is not a true man. (not reach)3. She is the only one of the girls who ___________ been to Beijing. (have)4. He is one of the boys who ___________ seen the film. (have)5. I , who _____________ your friend, will try my best to help you. (be)注意：5. that在定语从句中做宾语可以省略。