Unit Six Man and Animals读写译

Unit Six Man and AnimalsTIME ARRANGEMENT1. The first period: (45 minutes)1)Preparation (simple oral activities)2)In-class readingA. global reading (organization analysis, T or F, finding phrases)B. detailed reading (understanding sentences & word study)2. The second period: In-class reading (45 minutes)A. detailed reading (understanding sentences & word study)B. post reading (briefly check the exercises)3. The third period: (45 minutes)A. After-class reading (understanding the text & key words and sentences)B. Further development (word power)4. The fourth period: (45 minutes)A. Translation skills (examples taken from up-to-date newspapers or periodicals)B. Writing practice (making plans)C. Assignments (preparation for dictation and preview the next unit)The first period (45 minutes)Step One: Preparation Exercises (20min)Objectives：to arouse Ss’ interest in the theme of the unit.Sample Activity Options:( T may choose one or two from the following)1) Page 241: Word AssociationPossible answers:Those students can name:ant, bat, bear, bee bird, bull, butterfly, camel, cat, chicken, cobra, cow, crab, crocodile, deer, dog, dolphin, donkey, dragonfly, duck, giraffe, goose, hare（野兔）, horse, kangaroo, koala, leopard, lion, lizard, locust, monkey, mosquito, mouse, mule, ox, panda, parrot, peacock, penguin, pig, pony, puppy, rabbit, rat, sea lion, shark, sheep, shrimp, snake, spider, squirrel, swallow, swan, tiger, tortoise, turkey, turtle, whale, worm, zebra, etc.Those students may not be able to name:antelope 羚羊, buffalo水牛,cockroach蟑螂, cuttlefish 乌贼, dinosaur 恐龙，hippo河马, mandarin duck 鸳鸯, ostrich鸵鸟,rhino 犀牛, scorpion 蝎子, skunk 臭鼬, snail 蜗牛, weasel黄鼠狼, etc.2) Page 241: Test Your Animal Knowledge3) Get to know some animal idioms (See Animal Idioms.doc.)4) Ss are supposed to retell the story “Noah’s Ark” and express their own ideas about the story.The story of Noah includes a family, all the animals of the earth, a huge boat, a flood and why we have rainbows.It all starts with Noah. After Noah was 500 years old he had 3 sons and things started getting very interes ting for him.One day as God was thinking about the people on earth, His heart became very sad. He could see that all the people had become very bad, so bad that they stopped thinking of anything good.God was so sad and hurt that he wanted to get rid of every person and all the creatures that He had made. He wanted all the evil to stop.Noah was the only one that did things right. He was a good guy and he walked with God.So God said to Noah, "I am going to put an end to all the people because the earth is full of fighting. I am goingto destroy them and the earth."God then gave Noah instructions on how to make an ark. He told him what kind of wood and how big to make it. He also told him to put a door in the side of the ark and to make it with three floors.God told Noah that He would save Noah, his wife, and his three sons and their wives and two of all living creatures male and female (or the boy and girl of each) plus two of every kind of bird and every creature that moves along the ground. They would be safe in the ark because God was going to flood the whole earth and everything else would die.Then food for each of them for as long as they were on the boat. Yikes! That's a lot of animals and a lot of food. I think it would've been a very full, noisy, stinky place to be, but they would all be safe.It's hard to describe how big the ark actually was but if you think of some of the biggest animals you know (elephant, moose, buffalo, giraffe, rhino, gorilla) and make sure you have 2 of each o f those plus all the other little animals that couldn't be stepped on...they needed a lot of room!Some people think it took over 100 years to build the ark and the Bible says that Noah was 600 years old when the flood waters came.When the ark was done God gave Noah 7 days warning before the flood to get all the animals and food on board, and told him that He would send rain for 40 days and 40 nights.When everyone was in the ark God shut the door.Then the rain started. It seemed like the rain came from the clouds and that there was also water coming up from the ground. So everything probably was covered pretty quickly.The floods kept coming for 40 whole days! The ark floated on the water and all the high mountains were completely covered with water.Every living thing died on the earth that wasn't in the ark.So the rain came for 40 days and nights but when it stopped Noah and the animals couldn't just leave the ark. There was too much water and no land for them to walk on, everything was covered.The waters flooded the earth for one hundred and fifty days, which is about five months.God remembered Noah and all that was in the ark so he sent a wind to help dry the earth. Finally in the seventh month after the floods had stopped the ark rested on the top of a mountain.A little while after that (40 days) Noah opened a window he had made for the ark and probably let in some fresh air! Ha! Even more importantly he let a raven out. It would fly back and forth to the ark until the water had dried.Then he sent out a dove but the dove couldn't find any place to go. He waiting a week and then sent the dove out again. This time the dove came back with an olive leaf which meant the waters had gone down. He waited one more week and let the dove out again and this time it didn't return.Noah, his family and the animals were in the boat for just over a year or 370 days! That's a long time to be on a boat with all those animals!When the earth had dried up enough God told Noah that everyone could get out of the boat. That probably was a very happy day! Maybe a little uncertain as well. There would be no one but them on earth and they would have to start all over building a house, collecting food...there wasn't a big grocery store waiting for them when they got off the ark.Then Noah built an altar to thank God for keeping them safe. When God saw what Noah had done he told Noah that he would never again curse the ground even if people became very bad.Then he made his official promise with Noah and with all the animals. God would never bring a flood to kill all living creatures and destroy the whole earth again.Then he gave them a sign for everyone to see this promise. He put a rainbow in the sky and that's to remind us of the promise God made to Noah, the animals and us today!So, whenever you see a rainbow say a little prayer and thank God that he loves us and that He keeps His promises.Question:If you were Noah, would you take all kinds of the animals with you? If not, which animal would you not want to take with you? Why not?Step Two: Global reading of Aggression in Humans and Animals (15min)Objectives：to prepare Ss for the understanding of the text.Discussing the questions in the section of Pre-Reading.1) Are you frightened of dogs? If so, why?Possible answer:Yes, extremely frightened. I’m terrified of them because I feel they can easily become fierce and nasty. They attack and bite people. They also carry diseases.2) When are animals aggressive?Possible answers:When they are frightened;When they are attacked or hurt;When they want to protect their young;When they are put in a corner or a small space.3) When do people become aggressive?Possible answers:When they are put in certain situations;When they are extremely angry;When they are in war or in self-defense;When they lack space and freedom.4) What aggressive acts do you associate with human beings?Possible answer:Fighting, beating, slapping, invasion, war, etc.Find the topic sentence for each paragraph.Par. 1 Man must be the most aggressive and cruel of all living creatures.This is the introduction. To make his point clear, the author illustrates the aggressiveness in animals.Par. 2 If, however, an animal finds itself in abnormal conditions, it may show abnormal aggressiveness.In this paragraph, we are given 2 examples. Who can tell us what the examples are?The first example is a tiger that came out of the jungle into a village and attacked a man. Why? Because it had been injured. It could not hunt its usual prey. The second example is a caged lion. Why does it show aggressiveness?The reason is that it is bored and frustrated for lack of company (because it is lonely). What if it were able to wander freely? It would be continually active, ranging over long distances, hunting in family groups. “ranging over long distances” means “move around over long distances”.Par. 3 Living conditions in crowded are similar to those of animals in a zoo and make the inhabitants unusually aggressive.In this paragraph, the author compares humans’ conditions and behaviors in the pre-historic time and nowadays.Par. 4 Aggression in itself is not necessarily a bad thing.It is a basic human instinct that must be satisfied. By what means will man satisfy this instinct? There are two kinds: constructive and destructive means.Par.5 Conclusion: Only if hostility and aggression can be expressed in constructive activity and non-violent competition, will the human race be able to survive.Step Three: Detailed reading of Aggression in Humans and Animals (10min)Objectives：To enhance Ss’ command of English language by way of detailed analysis of language points.1)Ss read the text and try to find out useful expressions.2)Special grammar points:Subjunctive mood: L5, L12, L15, L24, L28, L57Inversion: L7, L62The second period (45 minutes)Step One: Detailed reading (35min)Objectives：further comprehension of and language points in the text.•In this part, Ss discuss the meaning of the text and learn about language points under the guidance of T key words & sentences please see Appendix.Step Two: Post reading (10 min)Objectives：to reinforce the language skills Ss have learned in class.•Exercises on pages 255-256 should be finished before class, and checked briefly in class.The third period (45 minutes)Step one: After-class reading (40 minutes)Objectives：to check Ss’ reading and understanding of extra reading material.Option 1: In this part T may make full use of the Ex. On page 263-264 and page 272-273 to check how well Ss understand the passages.Option 2: Ss may be required to work in groups to present the questions they have come across while previewing the passages before class. The rest of the class is encouraged to offer solutions to the problems. T may offer help when necessary.Option 3: T uses handouts of the important words, phrases and sentences outlined in the teaching plan to assist Ss to identify important language points in the passages.Option 4: T checks in class how well Ss understand the texts by asking comprehension questions related to the passages which are handed out in advance. Focus on key words and sentences particularly.Sample questions for Passage One: Should the Navy Draft Dolphins1)Why does the Navy prefer recruiting dolphins into the military?2)What do animal rights groups say about the Navy’s plan?3)What is PAWS?4)Who is Lt. Wood?5)What does “the job” refer to in Para. 11?6)How to define echo-location?7)What does the author mean by “The swimming sonar comes cheap” (Line 1, Para.14)?8)Are dolphins trustworthy all the time according to Fox?Possible answers:1)It is because first dolphins are highly intelligent, easy to train and effective in protecting against surprise attacks byenemy submarines. Secondly, it is a real bargain to recruit dolphins compared with taking other possible measures.2)They think it is immoral and violates federal laws that protect animals from being mistreated.3)PAWS is the abbreviation of the Progressive Animal Welfare Society.4)He is the Navy spokesman.5)To be trained to guard against surprise attacks by enemy submarines.6)The system used by dolphins that determines things’positions by first making a series of clicking and whistlingsounds, then by listening to the echoes made when the sounds reflect from an object.7)To train dolphins needs less money than to develop an echo-location system that has similar functions.8)No. He says people only have control over them when they are hungry. Dolphins may be a little too playful and takesurprise breaks from their duties.Sample questions for Passage Two: Animals on the Job1)Who is Allie? What is her major responsibility?2)What determine which animal is suited to do a certain job？3)How to define “conditioning”?4)What are olfactory receptors?5)What do opposable thumbs enable monkeys as well as humans to do?6)How do people get an animal employee to do its job?7)When should monkeys be taken in “Helping Hands” training programs?8)What does “this phase” refer to?9)How long does it take to get a capuchin monkey ready to assist the disabled?Possible answers:1)She is a capuchin monkey who helps her disabled friend perform everyday tasks.2)Their traits, characteristics and the training they have received.3)Training animals to act in a particular way in response to a stimulus, or signal.4)Smell nerves.5)Pick up objects.6)Career-training.7)When they are four to six weeks old.8)The period of time when the monkeys are trained to perform specific tasks to assi st a particular person.9)Five years in the first phase, and another one year in the second, so six years in total.Key words & sentences please see Appendix.Step two: Further development (5 minutes)Objectives：to enrich Ss’ word power.Do the Ex. on page 273-275.The fourth period (45 minutes)Step one: Translation skills——从句的翻译(主语从句&宾语从句) (20 minutes)Objectives：To learn some basic translation skills to enhance Ss’ practical capability of communicating in English.•1) In this part, T may hand out some translation practice based on the skills mentioned in Part Four (page 277-280) in the textbook before class and invite some of the Ss to present the translation of their own at the beginning of the class.•2) T chooses the items that most Ss often find difficult to accomplish to illustrate with more examples from the textbook.•3) More follow-up translation practice is done in class.Sample translation practice (before class)1.It’s little surprise that Twitter has been so avidly adopted by the chattering class.2.What was once the sole domain of adventuresome government agencies and officials soon became standardpolicy.3.He doesn’t know how many job seekers have found work as a result, since connections are made so informally,but “we know it’s in the hundreds,” he says, judging from how many stories he hears.4.He was also at a loss to explain precisely what drove him to visit the expo.Possible translation (before class)1.推特被饶舌阶层热烈采纳或许并不奇怪。