Unit 15 Stocks and shares
BEC高级第3讲Stocksandshares
BEC高级精讲班第3讲讲义HomeworkreviewDate: 19 May 2005Report on a one-day training sessionIntroductionThe aim of this report is to recommend a one-day training session entitled ‘Familiarity with Your Post’ for the new sales representatives of the Sales D epartment.ReasonsWe have recruited several sales representatives recently. In spite of former sales experience, they are not familiar with their new working environment and may need quite a period to adapt to everything. Such a one-day training session seems to be necessary and urgent.Contents and BenefitsThere are many items relevant to the one-day training session for the sales representatives, which are designed to highlight work efficiency in the company.First, some brief information of the c ompany should be given, such as the company’s history, its organizational structure and financial background. The current situation of the company should be emphasized too. These would probably develop their loyalty and affection to the company.Also, th ey must be informed of the company’s main products, its annual sales volume, and the sales target of this year. Clear recognition of this can help them adjust their personal goals and it will be served as great motivation.Besides, the course can focus on our customers. High values should be put on the types and characteristics of the target customers. Sales representatives should also beexpected to understand customers’ needs, which will help them to be more responsive an adaptive.They should be given a brief introduction to the people whom they are working together with since co-ordination and teamwork can greatly contribute to the company.RecommendationWe strongly recommend that training be arranged as soon as possible. And it could not be held on weekends, or it may occupy their spare time.Judy ZhangSales ManagerSelf-study 1b1.virtual teamcorporate intranetline managerbusiness environmenthierarchical organisationon-line supportoperating costs2.standardise standardisation standard/standardiseddiversify diversity diverse/diversifiedrespond response/responsiveness responsiveoperate operation operatingsuit suitability suitablesupervise supervision supervisoryvary variety varied4.(1) separate into(2) for a specific purpose(3) under direct supervision(4) spend …on sth.(5) cope with(6) on behalf ofII. Vocabulary study在浩如烟海的英语单词中，英语学习者感到最为头疼的就是无法将他们记住。
《剑桥金融财务英语》重点篇章简答题
5When people found or start companies, they draw up or prepare Articles of Association and a Memorandum of Association.The Articles of Association state:（公司规章制度；对内）1.the right and duties of the shareholders and directors2.the relationships among different classes of shareholder3.the relationships between shareholders and the company and its directors.The Memorandum of Association state:（公司注册证，组织大纲；对外）1.the company’s name2.the location of the company’s registered office - where to send official documents3.the company’s purpose - its aims or objectives4.the authorized share capital - the maximum share capital it can have.32Share prices depend on a number of factors:（股票价格取决于）1.the financial situation of the company2.the situation of the company3.the state of the economy in general4.the beliefs of investors - whether they believe the share price will rise or fall, and whether they believe other investors will think this.Prices can go up or down and the question for investors - and speculators - is:can these price changes be predicted, or seen in advance? When price-sensitive information - news that affects a company’s value - arrives, a share price will change. But no one knows when or what that information will be. So information about past prices will not tell you what tomorrow’s price will be.There are different theories about whether share price changes can be predicted:（股价变动是否可以预测）1.The random walk hypothesis. Prices move along a ‘random walk’- this means day-to-day changes are completely random or unpredictable.2.The efficient market hypothesis. Share prices always accurately or exactly reflect all relevant information. It is therefore a waste of time to attempt to discover patterns or trends - general changes in behavior - in price movements.3.Technical analysis. Technical analysts are people who believe that studying past share prices does allow them to forecast future price changes. They believe that market prices result from the psychology of investors rather than from real economic values, so they look for trends in buying and selling behavior, such as the ‘head and shoulders’ pattern.4.Fundamental analysis. This is the opposite of technical analysis: it ignores the behavior of investors and assumes that a share has a true or correct value, which might be different from its stock market value. This means that markets are not efficient. The true value reflects the present value of the future income from dividends.21Financial institution（金融机构）类型：Retail banks or commercial banks (individuals and small companies):received deposits; made loans.Investment banks(big company):gave financial advice; raised capital;organized mergers and takeover bids.Insurance companies:provided life insurance and pensions.Building societies:specialized in mortgages. Many have now become normal commercial banks.26Conventional banks（传统银行）1.Pay interest to depositors2.Charge interest to borrowers3.Lend money to finance personal consumption goodsIslamic banks（伊斯兰银行）1.Give no return on current accounts; share profits with holders of savings accounts and investment accounts2.Share borrowers’ profits (or losses)3.Buy items for personal customers with a leasing or hire-purchase arrangement18Companies’ price are influenced by production and distribution costs, both direct and indirect. （加成法）Mark-up or cost-plus pricing: some firms just calculate the unit cost and add a percentage.（市场渗透法）Market penetration pricing: some companies launch products at a price that only gives them a very small profit, because they want a big market share. This allows them to make profits later because of economies of scale.（市场撇脂定价）Market skimming: some customers will pay almost any price, so the company can charge a really high price, then lower it to reach other market segments.（声望定价）Prestige pricing or image pricing: products positioned at the luxury end of a market need to have a high price:the target customers probably won’t buy them if they think the price is too low.（随行就市定价）Going-rate pricing: if a product is almost identical to competitors’ products, companies might charge the same price.（亏本销售定价）Loss-leader pricing: retailers often offer some items at a very low price that isn’t profitable, to attract customers who then buy more products which are profitable.（尾数定价）Odd pricing or odd-even pricing: many producers and retailers believe a customer sees a price of 29.95 as in the 20 price range rather than the 30 one.（价格变动）Elasticity: demand is elastic if sales respond directly to price variations. If sales remain the same after a change in price, demand is inelastic.30Categories of stocks and shares:（股票的类型）Blue chips: Stocks in large companies with a reputation for quality, reliability and profitability.More than two-third of all blue chips in industrialized countries are owned by institutional investors such as insurance companies and pension funds.Growth stocks: Stocks that are expected to regularly rise in value. Most technology companies are growth stocks, and don’t pay dividends, so the shareholders’equity or owners’equity increases. This causes the stock price to rise.Income stocks: Stocks that have a history of paying consistently high dividends.Defensive stocks: Stocks that provide a regular dividends and stable earnings, but whose value is not expected to rise of fall very much.Value stock: Stocks that investors believe are currently trading for less than they are worth - when compared with the companies’ assets.41Discounted cash flows（贴现现金流）We usually calculate the discounted cash flow value of an investment. This means discounting or reducing future cash flows to get their present values. This is because the value of money decreases over time. Firstly, there’s nearly always inflation, so cash will have lower purchasing power in the future. Secondly, if you had the money now, you could get income by using or investing it. The return we could get by investing the money in other ways id the opportunity cost of capital. So waiting for money is also a cost. This is the time value of money: how much more it is worth to receive money now rather than in the future.43Balance of payments（国际收支平衡）Imports are the goods or services bought from a foreign country. Exports are the goods or services sold to a foreign country.A country that exports more goods than it imports has a positive balance of trade or a trade surplus. The opposite is a negative balance of trade or a trade deficit. Trade in goods is sometimes called visible trade. Services such as banking, insurance and tourism are sometimes called invisible imports and exports. Adding invisibles to the balance of trade gives a country’s balance of payments.45Documentary credits （跟单信用证）have a standard form. They generally contain:1.a short description of the goods2.a list of shipping documents required to obtain payment3.a final shipping date4.a final date for presenting the documents to the bank.Export ers have to prepare a number of documents to go with the shipment or transportation of goods.（出口单据）1.The commercial invoice contains details of the goods2.The bill of lading is a document signed by the carrier or transporter confirming that the goods have been received for shipment; it contains a brief description of the goods and details of where they are going.3.The insurance certificate also describes the goods and contains details of how to claim if they are lost or damaged in transit - while being transported.4.The certificate of origin states where the goods come from.5.Quality and weight certificate, issued by private inspection and testing companies, may be necessary, confirming that these are the correct goods in the right quantity.6.An export license giving the right to sell particular goods abroad is necessary in some cases.48The business cycle（商业周期）All market economies have periods when consumption - spending on goods and services - rises. Consumers buy more, companies invest more, and production, income, profits and employment increase. These periods are always followed by periods when spending and investing fall, and unemployment rises. This is the business cycle.A period during which economic activity increases and the economy is expanding is an upturn. If it lasts a long time it is called a boom. The highest point of the business cycle is a peak, which is followed by a downturn, during which the amount of economic activity decreases. If the economy keeps contracting for more than 6 months, the downturn is called a recession. A serious, long-lasting recession is called a depression. The lowest point of the business cycle is a trough, which is followed by a recovery, when economic activity increases again, and a new cycle begins. Fiscal policy（财政政策）Governments and central banks use fiscal policy, which involves changing the level of government expenditure and taxation to try to limit the extent of the business cycle.If an economy is moving into a recession, the government might have a reflationary fiscal policy. This means trying to stimulate the economy by increasing government spending, or by cutting level of direct or indirect tax so that individuals and companies have more money to spend.If an economy is overheating - expanding too quickly - it means that industry is working at full capacity and producing as much as it possible can. Because demand is greater than supply, leading to rising prices and inflation, the government might have a deflationary fiscal policy. This means trying to cool down the economy: reducing the amount of economic activity by raising tax rates or cutting government expenditure. This reduces the level of demand in the economy and helps to reduce inflation.Monetary policy（货币政策）Governments or central banks can also use monetary policy - changing interest rates and the level of the money supply - to influence the level of economy activity.They can boost or increase economic activity if the economy is a downturn by reducing interest rates and allowing the rate of growth of the money supply to increase.If the economy is growing too fast and causing inflation, they can slow it down by increasing interest rates and reducing the rate of growth of the money supply.50Business plans（商业计划）begin with a summary, often called an Executive Summary, which explains in one or two pages:Type: what sort of company it isFeatures: what the product or service is, and what is special about itManagers: who the managers areCapital: how much money you need, and what you will use it for.The company, the product and the market（介绍公司；准备出售的产品；介绍管理团队）If the company already exists, the first chapter of the business plan explains how it was started and how it has grown, and gives a history of sales and profits. It describes the company today, and the plans for the future.The second chapter describes what you already sell or want to sell. It explains what differentiates the product or service from other existing ones - what makes it unique. It focuses on the benefits or advantages for customers - how it will improve people’s live!The chapter on the market describes the industry you operate in, the market segments, the other firms in the market, changes in the industry, and projected trends and technological opportunities. It gives details of your marketing strategy(策略), including sales tactics- the ways you plan to achieve sales, advertising publicity and sales promotions - incentives to encourage customers to buy.The chapter on the management team gives details about the most important staff. The chapter on strategy outlines your strategies for marketing, pricing, distribution, sales, etc, and how you are going to implement.22Investment banking（投行）Main business: acting as intermediaries；consulting services；venture capital；mergers and acquisitions；corporate financing；asset management；Securities underwriting and broking23Central banking（央行）Main business: Keep reserves；Print and issue currency；rediscount；foreign exchange；Collect and publish financial data；Supervise banking system；Clearing cheques；Keep reserves24Interest rates and monetary policy（利率和货币政策）An interest rate is the cost of borrowing money: the percentage of the amount of a loan paid by the borrower to the lender for the use of the lender’s money. A country’s minimum interest rate is usually set by the central bank, as part of monetary policy, designed to keep inflation low. This can be achieved if demand is nearly the same as supply.If interest rates set too low, the demand for goods and services grows faster than the market’s ability to supply them. This causes prices to rise so that inflation occurs.If interest rates set too high, this lowers borrowing and spending. This brings down inflation, but also reduces output and the employment.7.Accounting policies and standards（会计政策和标准）Valuation（估值）a. Publish the value of companyb. Calculate profits or losses: so do subject=so it is the same with subjectMeasurement（计量）Choose the accounting policiesConsistency principle: Statement of Accounting Policiesa true and fair viewHistorical cost（历史成本）Record original purchase price of assets based on going concern postulateInflation accounting（通货膨胀会计）Current replacement cost based on inflation accounting8Assumption（四大假设）Separate entity；Time-period；Going concern；Unit-of-measurePrinciples （六个原则）Full-disclosure；Materiality；Conservatism；Objectivity；Revenue recognition；Matching17Although cost accounting allows companies to calculate production costs, pricing decisions also depend on:1.the level of demand2.the price of competitors’ products3.the company’s financial situation4.the company’s objectives - the aims it wants to accomplish5.the company’s marketing policies - whether it is interested in maximizing sales or maximizing profit.44An exchange rate is the price at which one currency can be exchanged for another. In theory, exchange rates should be at the level that gives purchasing power parity. This means that the cost of a given selection of goods and services would be the same in different countries. So if the price level in the country increases because of inflation, its currency should depreciate（贬值）.In fact, PPP doesn’t work, as exchange rates can change due to currencyspeculation. Financial institutions, companies and rich individuals all buy currencies, looking for high interest rates or short-term capital gains if a currency appreciates（升值）. This means exchange rates change due to speculation rather than PPP. Over 95% of the world’s currency transactions are purely speculative, and not related to trade. Banks and currency traders make consider able profits from the spread between a currency’s buying and selling prices.34Financial futures（金融期货）Currency futures and forwards are contracts that specify the price at which a certain currency will be bought or sold on a specified date.Interest rate futures are agreements between banks and investors and companies to issue fixed income securities at a future date.Stock futures fix a price for a stock and stock index futures fix a value for an index on a certaindate. They are alternatives to buying the stocks or shares themselves.。
基础口译教程-U15 词汇短语表
基础口译教程词汇短语表UNIT 15 ECONOMY AND DEVELOPMENT经济与发展Warming-up Practice1. This catalog is a real eye-catcher.catalog/ catalogue/ˈkætəlɒɡ/ n. a complete list of items, for example of things that people can look at or buy目录；目录簿eye-catcher n. 美人；引人注目的东西；美丽的东西first-ˈrate adj. of the highest quality第一流的；质量最优的；优等的ˌjoint ˈventure n. ( business 商) a business project or activity that is begun by two or more companies, etc., which remain separate organizations 合营企业；合资企业agency n. /ˈeɪdʒənsi/ a business or an organization that provides a particular service especially on behalf of other businesses or organizations 服务机构；（尤指）代理机构，经销机构regular adj. doing the same thing or going to the same place often 经常做某事的；常去某地的ˈtrade fair n. ( also ˈtrade show ) an event at which many different companies show and sell their products 商品展销会；商品交易会2. Career womenadop·tion n. /əˈdɒpʃn/ [ U ] the decision to start using sth such as an idea, a plan or a name （想法、计划、名字等的）采用reform and opening-up policy改革开放政策go in for参加，从事；追求；赞成sth. be of special interest to sb.某人尤其对……感兴趣for ˈinstance= for example 例如；比如3. Challenges and opportunitiesface the challenge from the outside面临外部的挑战be willing to do sth.乐意做某事com·peti·tor /kəmˈpetɪtə(r)/ n. a person or an organization that competes against others, especially in business （尤指商业方面的）竞争者，对手Passage InterpretationPart A English-Chinese InterpretationPassage 1Paragraph 1euro n. /ˈjʊərəʊ/ ( pl. euros or euro ) ( symbol €) the unit of money of some countries of the European Union 欧元（欧盟中某些国家的货币单位）on ˈoffer：that can be bought, used, etc. 提供的；可买到；可使用•The following is a list of courses currently on offer. 以下是目前所开设课程的清单。
小站-雅思-上课听力材料(学生用)
Elementary Listening Training 基本题型（一）地图题（方位题，路线题）Example:(track one)Questions 6-10Label the rooms on the map below.CLDOLMHSSARSCRSRComputer LaboratoryDirector’s OfficeLibraryMain HallStoreroomSelf Access RoomStudent Common RoomStaff RoomMore Exercises:1. Track 2Questions 17-20Look at the map of the Sports Complex below.Label the buildings on the map of the Sports Complex.Arts StudioFootball PitchTennis CourtsDance StudioFitness RoomReceptionSquash Courts2. Track 3 Questions 14-20 Label the plan below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.3. Track 4Questions 14-17Label the map below.Write the correct letter, A-J, next to questions 14-17. ROSEWOOD HOUSE AND GARDENS14 Pear Alley………….15 Mulberry Garden………….16 Shop………….17 Tea Room………….(二) 一般表格题：Example one:(track 5)Questions 1-5Complete the sentences below.Programme of Activities for First DayTime Place EventExample10.001 …………………….Meet the Principal and staff 10.15Talk by 2………………10.45Talk by 3………………4 ………………Classroom5 5 ……………… testExample Two:(track 6)SECTION 1 Questions 1-10Questions 1 and 2Complete the form opposite.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Birth Statistics ExampleDate of birth:Answer10 August Sex:maleFirst name:Tom Surname:Lightfoot Weight: 1 ………………….. kgs Length: 2 ………………….. cms Colour of hair:blackQuestions 3-5Label the map below. Choose your answers from the box below. Write the correct letters A-E on the map.A B C D E State BankSt George’s Hospital GarageLibraryUniversityMore exercises:(track 7)1.Take 30 seconds to look at the table below and then discuss what type of information is missing2.Listen to the first part of the conversation and answer questions 1-6.Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.City AquariumType of ticket Cost Advantage Requirements Adult 1 …………………. 2 ………………….3 ………………$1930% discount must have a4………………….Group$250 for ten people price includes a5………………….must play 6 ………………….(track-8)The sentences which follow are based on the second part of the conversation between the man and the receptionist at the City Aquarium.Take 30 seconds to prepare before you listen.Listen to the second part of the conversation and answer questions 7-10.Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.7You can buy a book that tells you about the…………………………….in the aquarium.8The gift shop is situated next to the ……………………………………9The aquarium closes at ……………………………………today.10The tickets are cheaper when you buy them ……………………………………How is the answer in sentence 9 different from the other answers?(三) 问答题（和填空题是两大种难题）(track 9)Warm-up ExerciseListen to the recording and answer questions 1-6.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.1. According to the woman, what type of education should be free today?2. According to the man, who is working too hard in the National Health Service?3. What form of energy does the woman recommend?4. Name two trades mentioned by the man.5. Name two countries where you pay to use the roads.6. What has replaced newspapers for many young people?Example One:(track 10)Questions 11 and 12Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.11. Who is Mrs Sutton worried about?……………………………………………………………….……………12. What is the name for a group of family doctors working in the same buildingtogether?……………………………………………………………………………..Example Two:(track 11)Questions 16 and 17Answer the questions below.Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD OR A NUMBER for each answer16 How much money did the charily receive when it won an award?…………………………………………………………………………….17 What is the charity currently hoping to buy?…………………………………………………………………………….Example Three:(track 12)Questions 26 and 27Answer the questions below.Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD OR A NUMBER for each answer.26 Which books cannot be renewed by telephone or email?…………………………………………………………………………….27 How much time is allowed to return recalled books?…………………………………………………………………………….Example Four:(track 13)SECTION 4 Questions 31-40Questions 31-34Write NUMBERS ASD/OR NO MORE THAS FOUR WORDS for each answer.31 Between what times is the road traffic lightest?…………………………………………………………………………….32 Who will notice the noise most?…………………………………………………………………………….33 Which day of the week has the least traffic?…………………………………………………………………………….34 What will be the extra cost of modifying houses?…………………………………………………………………………….(四) 选择题Warm-up exercise:(tract 14)Listen to the extracts and answer questions 1-7Example One:(track 15)SECTION 3 Questions 21-30Questions 21-24Choose the correct letters A-C.21. At the start of the tutorial, the tutor emphasises the importance ofA interviews.B staff selection.C question techniques.22. An example of a person who doesn’t ‘fit in’ is someone whoA is over-qualified for the job.B lacks experience of t he tasks set.C disagrees with the rest of the group.23. An important pan of teamwork w having trust in yourA colleagues’ ability.B employer’s directionsC companies training.24. The tutor says that finding out personal information isA a skill that needs practice.B avoided by many interviewers.C already a part of job interviews.Questions 30Choose the correct letters A-C.What is the tutor trying to do in the tutorial?A describe one selection techniqueB criticise traditional approaches lo interviewsC illustrate how she uses personality questionnairesExample Two:(track 16)Questions 19Choose TWO letters A-E.Which TWO groups of patients receive free medication?A people over 17 years oldB unemployed peopleC non-UK residentsD people over 60 years oldE pregnant women(track 17)Questions 29 and 30Choose TWO letters A-E.Which TWO achievements of the Antarctic Treaty are mentioned by the speakers?A no military useB animals protectedC historic sites preservedD no nuclear testingE fishing rights protected(五) 填空题(track 18)Warm- up ExerciseListen and answer questions 1-10Complete the summary below.Getting to the Hillside Water ParkThe water park is situated in the 1 ……………………………… area of the town.You can get there on foot but this takes about 2 ………………………………There are regular buses from the 3………………………………and the most direct is the number 4………………………………Taxis are also available but they are not 5………………………………Questions 6-10Label the plan.Choose FIVE answers from thebox and write the letters A-Hnext to questions 6-10.HILLSIDE WATER PARKA lifeguard's hutB parent viewing areaC first-aid centreD sunbathing areaE poolside barF coach parkG pay kioskH adult poolExample One:(track 19)Questions 28-30Complete the sentences below.Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.28All managers need to understand their employees and recognise their company's …………..29When managing change, increasing the company’s ………..may be more important than employee satisfaction.30During periods of change, managers may have to cope with increased amounts of ……………Example Two:(track 20)Section 4 Question 31-40Questions 31-35Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.31According to George Bernard Shaw, men are supposed to understand ………….., economics and finance 32However, women are more prepared to……………… about them.33Women tend to save for……………….. and a house.34Men tend to save for………………and for retirement.35Women who are left alone may have to pay for ……………. when they are old.Example Three(track21)Questions 21-24Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. MARKETING ASSIGNMENT21For their assignment, the students must investigate one part of the ………………….. 22The method the students must use to collect data is ……………..23In total, the students must interview ……………. people.24Jack thinks the music preferences of ……………….. listeners are similar.Example Four(track 22):Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.7 You can buy a book that tells you about the………. in the aquarium.8The gift shop is situated next to the ……………. .9The aquarium closes at ……………. today.10The tickets are cheaper when you buy them ………….. .(track 23)Questions 26-30Complete the summary below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Modular CoursesStudents study 26 ……….. during each module. A module takes 27……….. and the work is very28 ………….. . To get a Diploma each student has to study 29 ………….. and then work on30 …………… in depth.(track 24)Questions 36-40Complete the summary below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Saving for the futureResearch indicates that many women only think about their financial futile when a36 ………… occurs. This is the worst time to make decisions. It is best for women to startthinking about pensions when they are in their 37………. A good way for women to develop their 38………….. in dealing with financial affairs would be to attend classes in 39………….When investing in stocks and shares, it is suggested that women should put a high proportion of their savings in 40……………. In such ways, women can have a comfortable, independent retirement.Example Five(track 25)NOTES - Christmas Dinner Example AnswerNumber to book for:…..45………Date of dinner: 21 DecemberChoices for venue:•First choice •Second choice •Third choice 1 ……………………………………………..2 ……………………………………………..3 ……………………………………………..Tel. number: not knownTel. number: 777192Tel. number: 4 ………………….Price per person: £12Restaurant must have vegetarian food and a 5 …………………………………………….Menu:First course - French Onion Soup OR Fruit JuiceMain course- Roast Dinner OR 6……………………………Dessert- Plum Pudding OR- Coffee OR Apple PieRestaurant requires from us:7 …………………………………………….. and letter of confirmation and we must 8 …………………………………………….. in advance.Must confirm in writing by: 9 ……………………………………………..Put notice in 10 ……………………………………………..(六) 图画题：Example One (track26)Questions 38-40Indicate who made the hats below. Write the appropriate letter A-E next to each name.38. Theresa ………………39. Muriel ………………40. Fabrice ………………Example 2(track 27)Questions 39 and 40Choose the correct letters A-D.Which is the correct construction for acoustic double glazing?More exercises(track 28)You are going to hear a description of how a fire extinguisher works. Look at the diagram of the fire extinguisher below and discuss the parts you need to label.What do you think they might be? What sort of descriptive words and phrases might help you?Listen and answer questions 1-5.Listen to the recording again and complete the second column of the table with die words that are used to describe the parts of the fire extinguisher.Part Description Positioncontainerleverpingas cartridgehandlenozzlespringdischarge tubeListen to the recording a third time and complete the third column of the table with the expressions of position that help you know where the parts are.(七) 搭配题(解决两组概念的联系)Warm-up Exercise1(track 29) Listen and answer questions 1-3.Which course has the following advantages?Choose THREE answers from the box and write the correct letters A-F next to questions 1-3.Advantages1 good work prospects ………………2 plenty of work opportunities ………………3 lower entry requirement ………………CoursesA ArtsB ComputingC DentistryD LawE MedicineF ScienceWarm-up Exercise 2 (track 30)What point does the man make about each car?Cheese FOUR answers from the box and write the correct letters A-G next to questions 1-4.Vehicle 1 Vehicle 2 Vehicle 3 Vehicle 41………………2………………3………………4………………Common vehicle defects and problemsA limited colour rangeB hidden costsC high fuel consumptionD lack of leg roomE poor road holdingF poor visibilityG slow accelerationListen to the recording again and check your answers by making a note of the exact words which the speakers uses to describe the defects or problems on the four vehicles.Defect or problem Words speaker usesA limited colour rangeB hidden costsC high fuel consumptionD lack of leg roomE poor road holdingF poor visibilityG slow acceleration(Track 31)Questions 17-20What does the speaker say about the following items?A They are provided in all tents.B They are found in central areas of the campsite.C They are available on request.17 barbecues ………………..18toys ………………..19cod boxes ………………..20mops and buckets ………………..(Track 32)Questions 36-38Complete the table showing where devices used in reducing noise could be fitted in the houses. Write:W for wallsD for doorsC for ceilingsExample Answeracoustic seals D36double thickness plaster board37mechanical ventilation38air conditioning(八) 个人信息表格：考察写人名、地名、数字、专有名词的能力Warm-up Exercise (track 33)Complete the form below.Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Hotel NovenaGuest Registration Form Example AnswerName of guest:Matthews Room: 1 …………………………. Wake-up call at:2…………………………. Type of breakfast:3…………………………. Payment by:4………………………….Example One(track 34)Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.OPENING A BANK ACCOUNTExample AnswerApplication for a Current bank accountType of current account: Full name of applicant: Date of birth:Joint account holder(s): Current address:Time at current address: Previous address: Telephone:Occupation:Identity (security) Opening sum:Statements: Requests:The 1 ‘………………….’ accountPieter Henes2 ………………….No3 …………………. Exeter4 ………………….Rielsdorf 2, Utrecht, Hollandwork 5 ………………….home 7964316 ………………….Name of his 7 …………………. : Sit8 € ………………….to be transferred from Fransen Bank, Utrecht Every 9 ………………….Supply information about the bank’s 10…………………. service(九) 图例题(track 35)Questions 33 and 34Label the diagrams.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Introduction to Hat-Makingcut into centre and 33 ……………………………. the cutstick flaps to 34 ……………………………. of circleMore exercise:(track 36)Questions 23-25Complete the diagram below.Write ONE WORD ANDIOR A NUMBER for each answer.基本技巧训练➢数字1．电话号码a. “0” 表示方法，zero，nought, null, nil, nothing 等，在ielts 考试中“0” 常念作“nought” ；在电话号码中“0” 读作字母“oh”, 就像在单词“go” 中的发音。
上外中级口译第三版听力教程原文及讲解--Unit 11
Unit 11. Part one. A man’s castle. 2. Exercises.1. Listen to the passage about the London Stock Exchange. And then decide whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F).The London Stock Exchange is always being famous as a place for men only and women used to be strictly forbidden to enter. But the world is changing day by day and even the stock exchange which seems to be a men’s castle is gradually opening its door to th e other sex. On the November 16, 1971, a great decision was taken. The Stock Exchange Council decided that women should be allowed onto the new trading floor when it opened in 1973. But the castle had not been completely conquered. The first goals to work in the stock exchange were not brokers or jobbers. They were neither allowed to become partners in stock broking firms nor to be authorized dealers in stocks and shares. They were simply junior clerks and telephone operators. Women have been trying to get into the stock exchange for many years. Several votes have been taken in the stock exchange to see whether the members would be willing to allow women to become members, but the answer has always been no. There have been 3 refusals of this kind since 1967. Now women are admitted although in a very junior capacity. Two firms of jobbers made an application to the stock exchange council to be allowed to employ girl clerks. The mission was finally given. A member of the stock exchange explained after this news have been given, “The new floor is going to be different from the old one”. All the jobbers will have their own stand with space for a telephone and typewriters. Therefore there have to be typists and telephone operators. So women must be allowed in. This decision did not mean a very great victory in the war for equal rights for women, however, it was a step in the right direction. The chairman of the stock exchange said, I think that the opening of the new building will eventually lead to women being allowed to have full membership of the stock exchange. It is only a matter of time. It must happen.2. Listen again and then supply the missing information in the following passage.Part 2. Statements. 2. Exercises. Listen and then choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the statement you hear.1. Very often the teacher is giving out too many assignments. Julia tries to read every book the teacher recommends. But she can’t.2. Charles is interested in music, but his father is trying hard to persuade him to study law.3. The noise in my dorm has really gotten out of control. I can rarely get to sleep before midnight. I must take the problem up with the dorm’s supervisor.4. My telephone doesn’t seem to be working. And I have lots of calls that I have to return this afternoon.5. You asked me how I feel about professor Mayson’s test? Frankly, I must admit that I never expect more than just a passing grade in his test.6. Did you hear that the debating is going on to the state competition or did they get eliminated? I haven’t actually been following their progress this year.7. The insurance company Econoly receiving my letter saying that they are going to settle my claim very soon.8. There has been a three week drive spell throughout this part of the country. A day of rain would do little to relieve the drill.9. Whether or not Allan is willing to bring his camera, we could still take some pictures of theocean.10. If Rebecca had known that Janet happened to be in town last week, she would have s topped by. They hadn’t seen each other for months.11. I am going to buy Alice a blue sweater for her birthday. But actually I am not sure whether she would like a blue one.12. I am not going home for winter vacation, because I have agreed to stay on here as a research assistant to my economic professor.13. Paul came back to London last night from his trip to Hong Kong. He stayed there for two weeks negotiating a new business deal with a local company.14. Ann needed to cash her check. So she hurried to get to the bank before 3. But the bank closed as it was a bank holiday.15. Carol is strong in some subjects but not in others. She has high grades in biology, but the opposite is true of math.16. Alan writes books for people to learn useful lessons. The main theme of his recent book is that crime does not pay.17. The lecturer gave a long introduction to his topic and was just get into the heart of the matter when the class period ended.18. Are you taking your girl friend out for birthday tonight to that fancy new restaurant? You can't go like that. You’d better change.19. I found an expensive looking ring in the locker room this morning. I have turned it to the security office behind the administration building.20. The fact that he refuses to fly hasn’t kept him from travelling abroad for the company. Part 3. 3. Exercises.1. Black Friday. Listen to the talk about the US gold market. And then choose the correct answer to each question you hear.When the US gold market crashed on September 24th, 1869, the day became known as black Friday. What set the stage for the crash was the excess mount of paper currency issued by the government to finance the civil war. At the end of the war speculators in New York try to capitalize the inflated price of gold in relation to paper currency by cornering the gold market. Their efforts to corner the market was based on what turned out to be false assurances from the president’s brother in law that the United States government would not sell off any of its gold reserves. When the US treasury announced 4 billion dollars in gold sales the bottom failed out of the gold market and the price of gold crashed.Questions:1) When was the day known as black Friday?2) What happened on the day known as black Friday?3) Why was the economy ready for gold speculators?4) Who supply the gold speculators with false information?5) What did the gold speculators want the US government to do?6) What is the topic of this talk?2. Making out a check. Listen to the following conversation about a bank account. And then choose the correct answer to each question you hear.W: Good morning.M: Good morning.W: I would want to know how to make out this check.M: Right. Do you want to draw out some money?W: Yes, 2000 pounds.M: 2000 pounds. OK. Well, the first thing you need to do is to write today’s date in the top right hand corner where you see the line. At the top you write just today’s date and the year. You must put the year in. And if you want to draw out money after it says pay can you see it over here on the left hand side?W: The first line?M: That’s it. On the first line it says pay and you write cash afterwards.W: In letters.M: Yes, cash. You write CASH. OK. Then underneath that write underneath, you have to write the amount of money you want, so just 2000 pounds. And then you write ONLY at the end in words. Then at the end of that line where you can see the box, see over on the right hand side? You have to write the amount you want in numbers. And then underneath the box the last thing you have to do in the bottom right hand corner is just write your signature.W: Thank you very much.M: OK. Bye-bye then.W: Bye.Questions:1) Who does the woman most probably speak to?2) What does the woman want to know?3) In which part of the check is the woman told to write the date?4) According to the man how should the amount of money be written?5) Where is the woman told to sign her name?3. At the Midwestern Bank. Listen to the following dialogue and then choose the correct answer to each question you hear.W: Midwestern Bank. Good morning.M: Hello. I’d like to know how to open a bank account here in Britain.W: Certainly sir. How long are you going to be here for?M: A year and a half at least. I am doing an MA at the polytechnic.W: I see. Well, you need to be here more than 6 months to open any account. Now if you want to open a current account with a check book you must be over 18.M: Well, I am well over that, unfortunately.W: Never mind. You will need to come in and fill in a form and show some identity, I mean identification.M: You mean a passport or credit card?W: A credit cart wouldn’t be any good. A passport will be fine or a driving license.M: That sounds fine.W: Oh, and you need to give us a couple of specimen signatures and some kind of financial reference from an employer or your university.M: Right. How long does it take before I get my check book and everything?W: Oh, it’s really quite quick, really. A week or so.M: Good. And is the bank open all day?W: From 9 to 3, Monday to Friday, and 9 to 12 on Saturday.M: Thank you very much.W: You are welcome.Questions:1) What does the man inquire about?2) How long is he going to stay in Britain?3) Why is he in Britain?4) What’s the minimum stay in this country required for opening a bank account?5) What’s the minimum age required for opening a current account with a check book.6) What type of identification is required for opening such an account?7) What’s the number of specimen signatures needed for opening an account?8) Where should financial … ?9) How long does it take before the student can get his check book?10) When is the bank open on week days?Part 4. Listening and translation.3. Exercises. 1. Sentence translation. Listen and translate each sentence you have heard into Chinese. Then write it in the space given below.1) The greatest source of pollution is human beings. What we should do is to take a friendly attitude towards environment and prevent any type of pollution.2) The company is unwilling to reveal that they were having financial difficulties lest it might sabotage its corporate image. But they are forced to.3) The first boss in fare was a great success with more than 3,500 attendees and 28 exhibitors. Plans are already well under way for next year’s fare.4) As the pace of life continues to increase we are fast losing the art of relaxation, but relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.5) The US import price index rose 0.2 percent in February, the increase followed 1.9 percent decline in January, and was led by upturn in petroleum prices.2. Passage translation. Listen and translate each passage you have heard into Chinese. Then write it in the space given below. You may take notes while you are listening.1) Stress is a natural part of everyday life. And there is no way to avoid it. In fact it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.2) Well, I love to watch TV. So I’d like to see an invention that would allow us to watch programs any time. You know what I mean? We wouldn’t have t o wait until the show is broadcast. Each TV’s screen would have a list on it. And you would order the program you want to watch like ordering from the menu. You could watch any program at any time of the day. And I often fall asleep late at night while I am watching TV. Then I missed the end of my program. It would be great if the TV could somehow have a system that would wake you up when you start to fall asleep.Unit elevenPart one A men’s CastleCastle （国际象棋的）车/ (build) castles in the `air/in `Spain (have) plans or hopes that are unlikely to be realized; day-dreams 空中楼阁; 白日梦Broker经纪人（如替人买卖股票的）; 中间人; 掮客Jobber（旧时）股票经纪人.Stock-broking [法] 证券交易Authorized adj.经认可的, 审定的, 经授权的Part twoTo relieve减轻或解除（痛苦﹑困苦﹑忧虑等Drought旱灾BiologyPart threeTo crashPaper currency n. 纸币To finance（被动）为（某计画等）提供资金, 提供款项: The scheme is partly financed by a government grant. 此计画有一部分是政府资助的.Speculator n. 投机者, 投机商人, 思索家To capitalize将（某事物）转作资本﹑用作资本或资本化.Inflated adj. 膨胀的, 夸张的To corner使（某人或某动物）走投无路:/ 指车或司机）转弯/垄断Assurance自信; 把握/保证; 担保/保险（尤指人寿）:In words 在口头上In numbers adv. 分数次(分册地)In continental European countries the thousands in numbers larger than9999 are pointed off.在欧洲大陆各国，大于9999的数字中的各个千位用点分开。
第3套听力试题
Listening comprehensionSection ADirections : In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only ones. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Question 1 and two are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) An elderly woman was given CPR because of pre-existing diseases.B) There are four tourist deaths at the Australian attraction in a year.C) An elderly woman died while diving at the Great Barrier Reef.D) The spokesman admits that diving is of high risk for all people.2. A) Informing old visitors of the risks associated with diving.B) Charging old visitors more money for diving.C) Totally banning visitors over a certain age from diving.D) Pulling old divers from the water immediately after they dive.Question 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Because of the fears that mothers will be left uncared for.B) Because of the fears that a baby might not be properly taken care of.C）Because of the fears that there arises a doctor-patient conflict.D）Because of the fears that parents may take home the wrong baby.4. A) There were not enough midwives to provide safe cover for all women.B) The sanitary condition was extremely poor in the hospital.C) The service provided by the hospital put babies at risk.D) There were not enough midwives to provide safe cover for all babies. Question 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Illegally collecting $18m in fees for a charitable organization.B) Being fugitives and running a business making fake money.C) Illegally getting the personal information of many people.D) Stealing a large amount of money from JPMorgan.6. A) At New York’s JFK airport. C) In Israel.B) In Moscow. D) In Oregon.7. A) By selling shares of companies to individuals.B) By hacking into the networks of many American Companies.C) By selling confidential information to individuals.D) By operating an illegal payment processing business.Section BLong conversationsA.Conversation OneListen to the following long conversation and then , for each question , select the best answer from among the four choices given.8 ) A. He ate his words. C. He came late for the date.B. He was impolite to her. D. He had a date with another woman.9). A. His angry words. C. His impolite behavior.B. His indifference. D. His kiss on another woman’s lips.10). A. She owed the man an explanation. C. She would kill the man.B. She had no faith in the man. D. She forgave the man.B. Conversation TwoListen to the following long conversation and then, for each question, select the best answer from among the four choices given.11). A. investment. B. Inflation. C. Property. D. Business.12). A. He’s asking her to be patient.B. He’s good at buying and selling.C. He’s telling her to catch the chance.D. He’s warning her not to buy stocks and shares.13). A. She should stay away from the stock market.B. She should wait until the market settles down.C. She should not miss the current chances to buy.D. She should do as he is doing now in the market.14) . A. A drop in interest rates. C. A rise in prices.B. A fortune to be made. D. A fortune loss.15). A. Not to buy stocks and shares. C. To have business of your own.B. To put the money in the bank. D. Not to put everything in one place.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line three through the centre.Question 16 to 19are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) District managers. C) Sales directors.B) Regular Customers. D)Senior clerks.17. A) The support provided by the regular clients.B) The initiative shown by the sales representatives.C) The urgency of implementing the company’s plans.D) The important part played by district managers.18. A) Some of them were political-minded.B) Fifty percent of them were female.C) One third of them were senior managers.D) Most of them were rather conservative.19. A) He used too many quotations.B) He was not gender sensitive.C) He did not keep to the point.D) He spend too much time on details.Question 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A) State your problem to the head waiter.B) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered.C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly.D) Ask the name of the person waiting on you.21. A) Your problem may not be understood correctly.B) You don’t know if you are complaining at the right time.C) Your complaint may not reach the person in charge.D) You can’t tell how the person on the line is reacting.22. A) Demand a prompt response. C) Send it by express mail.B) Provide all the details. D) Stick to the point.Question 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) Fashion designer. B) Architect. C) City planner. D) Engineer.24. A) Do some volunteer work. C) Work flexible hours.C) Get a well-paid part-time job. D) Go back to her previous post.25. A) Few baby-sitters can be considered trustworthy.B) It will add to the family’s financial burden.C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.D) The children won’t get along with a baby-sitter.。
M3P4 Reading and Exerciases
n.撒谎者 v.反复地说，重述 n.蓓蕾 v.踩，踏 突然，忽然 adj.老的，旧的 使……想起 反过来，作为交换
爱尔兰 （William当你老了 Butler Yeats, 1865-1939） When You Are Old 当你老了，白发苍苍，睡意朦胧， When在炉前打盹，请取下这本诗篇， you are old and gray and full of sleep And nodding by the fire, take down this book, 慢慢吟诵，梦见你当年的双眼 And slowly read, and dream of the soft look 那柔美的光芒与青幽的晕影； Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep; 多少人真情假意，爱过你的美丽， How many loved your moments of glad grace, 爱过你欢乐而迷人的青春， And loved your beauty with love false or true; But one 唯独一人爱你朝圣者的心，you, man loved the pilgrim soul in 爱你日益凋谢的脸上的衰戚； And loved the sorrows of your changing face; 当你佝偻着，在灼热的炉栅边， And bending down beside the glowing bars, 你将轻轻诉说，带着一丝伤感： Murmur, a little sadly, how love fled 逝去的爱，如今已步上高山， And paced upon the mountains overhead, William Butler Yeats And hid his face amid a crowd of stars. 在密密星群里埋藏它的赧颜。
高一英语 unit1 单词 词汇language pionts
7.deserted adj. with no one present The street is deserted.
desert
n. 沙漠 adj.沙漠的，不毛的，荒凉的 v.遗弃；逃亡
8. alone, lonely alone [adj. / adv.] 作adv时，意为“独自，单独”；
用在n,pron后时，为“只有”；作 adj时，只能作表语， 不能作定语，为“独自一人”，表客观状态，不带任何 感情色彩。而lonely为adj，可表“孤独的，寂寞的”， 也可表“荒凉的，人烟稀少的”，可作表语和定语。
这个周末，我要招待我的朋友们吃意大利食物． This weekend, I’ll treat my friends to some Italian food.
(3) 治疗 The doctors are trying their best to treat her cancer. 目前，医生们还没有找到有效的办法来治疗． At present, doctors haven’t found an effective way to treat AIDS.
2.play v.
⑴To take part in a game/sports:参加游戏/运 动 play football/basketball/volleyball
⑵to perform music or use an instrument to make music 上演，播放，演奏
play CD player/ radio/ the piano A good movie is playing tonight.
10. in order to, so as to; in order /so that He got up early so/in order that he could catch the first bus. He got up early in order to / so as to catch the first bus.
专升本英语模拟题2018年(36)_真题-无答案
专升本英语模拟题2018年(36)(总分100,考试时间90分钟)Reading ComprehensionThe aim of the teacher is to get his pupils as quickly as possible over the period in which each printed symbol is looked at for its shape, and arrive at the stage when the pupil looks at words and phrases, for their meaning, almost without noticing the shapes of the separate letters.When a good reader is at work, he does not look at letters, nor even at words, one by one, however quickly; he takes in the meaning of two, three, or four words at a time, in a single moment. Watch carefully the eyes of a person who is reading, and it will be seen that they do not travel smoothly along the lines of print, but they move by jumps separated by very short stops. The eyes of a very good reader move quickly taking long jumps and making very short halts; the eyes of a poor reader move more slowly, taking only short jumps and stopping longer at each halt. Sometimes, when he meets a difficulty, he even goes backwards to see again what has already been looked at once.The teacher"s task is therefore clear: it is to train his pupils to take in several words at a glance (one "eye-jump") and to remove the necessity for going backwards to read something a second time.This shows at once that letter-by-letter, or syllable-by-syllable (音节) or word-by-word reading, with the finger pointing to the word, carefully fixing each one in turn, is wrong. It is wrong because such a method ties the pupil"s eyes down to a very short jump, and the aim is to train for the long jump. Moreover, a very short jump is too short to provide any meaning or sense; and it will be found that having struggled with three or four words separately, the pupil has to look at them again, all together and in one group, in order to get the meaning of the whole phrase.1. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the first paragraph?A. Pupils should be trained to reach quickly the stage of reading without having to concentrate on the separate symbols.B. Pupils should look at each printed symbol for its meaning as well as for its shape.C. Teachers should help their pupils avoid looking at the shape of the printed symbols.D. Teachers should tell their pupils the different stages of their study.2. In a single moment, a good reader picks up ______.A. several wordsB. several phrasesC. several sentencesD. several lines3. According to the passage, which of the following is FALSE?A. The eyes of a good reader make short halts and long jumps.B. The eyes of a bad reader take in the meaning of one word at a time.C. The eyes of a bad reader take only short jumps.D. The eyes of a good reader move steadily.4. One may have to read something a second time if ______.A. there is enough timeB. one reads too fastC. the passage is very longD. one reads word by word5. The main idea of the last paragraph is that ______.A. word-by-word reading is highly inefficientB. the pupil"s eyes should focus on groups of syllables instead of single syllablesC. pupils have to move their eyes back and forth when readingD. finger-pointing in reading helps the pupil concentrate on meaning**panies need a way to reach the saving of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically **pany trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through The Stock Exchange. By doing so they can put into circulation the saving of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas.When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to **pany with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to The Stock Exchange. There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another, this new money **e from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.6. Almost **panies involved in new production and development must ______.A. rely on their own financial resourcesB. persuade the banks to provide long-term financeC. borrow large sums of money from friends and people they knowD. depend on the population as a whole for finance7. The money which enables **panies to go ahead with their projects is ______.A. repaid to its original owners as soon as possibleB. raised by the selling of shares in **paniesC. exchanged for part ownership in The Stock ExchangeD. invested in **panies on The Stock Exchange8. When the savers want their money back they ______.A. ask **pany to obtain their money for themB. look for other people to borrow money fromC. put their shares in **pany back on the marketD. transfer their money to more **pany9. All the essential services on which we depend are ______.A. run by the Government or our local authoritiesB. in constant need of financial supportC. financed wholly by rates and taxesD. unable to provide for the needs of the population10. The Stock Exchange makes it possible for the Government, local authorities and nationalized industries ______.A. to borrow as much money as they wishB. to make certain everybody saves moneyC. to raise money to finance new developmentsD. to make certain everybody lends money to themThere is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No School I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how much prioritize(优先) it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with **plexities of spelling.If spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher"s interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to "play safe". He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That"s why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: "This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible (难以辨认的)." It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil"s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child"s deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child"s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation(动力) to seek improvement.11. Teachers are different in their opinions about ______.A. the difficulties in teaching spellingB. the role of spelling in general language developmentC. **plexities of the basic spelling skillsD. the necessity of teaching spelling12. The expression "play safe" probably means ______.A. to write carefullyB. to do as teachers sayC. to use dictionaries frequentlyD. to avoid using words one is not sure of13. Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that ______.A. students will be able to express their ideas more freelyB. teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakesC. students will have more confidence in writingD. students will learn to be independent of teachers14. The writer seems to think that the teacher"s judgment on that sensitive piece of writing is ______.A. reasonableB. unfairC. foolishD. careless15. The major point discussed in the passage is ______.A. the importance of developing spelling skillsB. **plexities of spellingC. the correct way of **positionsD. the relationship between spelling and the content of a compositionTrees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and, fortunately, the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way. Firstly, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus causing wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preventing the free movement of air.One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but it is a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible. It is essential to make the area which has been pruned smooth and clear, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually done in winter, for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference from the leaves and it is, too, very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed, if this does happen, it is, of course, impossible to paint them properly.16. Pruning is sometimes done to ______.A. allow the tree to grow in its own wayB. get rid of small branchesC. improve the shape of the treeD. let the tree grow taller17. Trees will become unhealthy when ______.A. too many branches grow in the middleB. branches in the middle are cut awayC. small side branches become thickD. overgrown branches are removed18. A special substance is painted on the cut surface of the tree ______.A. to prevent the bleeding of the liquidB. to prevent disease from entering the woundC. to help the wound dry quicklyD. to remedy the roughness of the wound19. A good gardener prunes a tree ______.A. at intervals throughout the yearB. regularly every winterC. only when necessaryD. once every year20. What is the author"s main purpose in writing this passage?A. To describe the advantages of pruning.B. To give a general description of pruning.C. To discuss different methods of pruning.D. To explain the reasons for pruning.Compulsive shoppers may have a new psychological excuse to blame for their wild shopping. Psychologists at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand are studying the "shop-till-you-drop" habit as a behavioral disorder similar to compulsive eating. Compulsive shoppers frequently buy more than they can afford or more than they need, anditcauses them distress."It becomes a problem when you are out of control," psychology lecturer Neville Blampied said. "When you are feeling bad and blue, what do you do? Some people eat chocolate cake and ice cream. Some people take the credit card and go out to the shop." Bank managers understand the problem because they have to deal with people who have to be persuaded to stop using their cards drawing money.Compulsive shopping was first discovered in 1915, although it was then known as oniomania. Few studies have been done on the problem.An advertisement in a Christchurch paper, calling for people to take part in an experimental treatment program designed by Mr Wilson, attracted 10 replies. But the problem, said Mr Wilson, is "clearly not rare". He thinks **pulsive shopping should be treated with drugs. "As psychologists we are interested in non-drug treatments for behavioral difficulties," Mr Wilson said.The aim of the treatment was to help people find better ways of managing their emotions. The program, consisting of 10 one-hour weekly lessons and two follow-up treatments, is loosely based on teaching stress management."You often have to start to get people to correctly recognize their emotions. Not being able to know what you really feel weakens your ability to solve the problems connected with what"s making you feel that way," Mr Wilson said.21. What is this article mostly about?A. Signs of compulsive shopping.B. Studies of compulsive shopping.C. comparison of compulsive shopping **pulsive eating.D. An experimental treatment program designed by Mr Wilson.22. **pulsive shoppers will go shopping when ______.A. they have lots of moneyB. they are taking drugsC. they are feeling sadD. they win a prize23. The underlined word "it" in the first paragraph most probably refers to ______.A. compulsive eatingB. a new psychological excuseC. the study done by BlampiedD. the behavior of wild shopping24. Which of the following is considered important in **pulsive shoppers?A. Teaching them to manage their money better.B. Teaching them to understand their emotions.C. Persuading them not to draw money from the bank.D. Treating them with right drugs.25. How long will the treatment program last?A. Ten hours.B. One week.C. Ten days.D. Ten weeks.The north Australian city on Darwin was devastated by a strong cyclone(龙卷风) on Christmas Day. The death and destruction was due almost as much to human factors as to the violence of the wind.People in Darwin had become so accustomed to cyclone warnings that few of them paid attention to the radio warnings of Cyclone Tracy approach, which began early on Christmas Eve. Many people, in fact, died in their ears as they tried to drive home through the cyclone from Christmas parties or social calls.Since Townsville was devastated by a cyclone in December 1971, the weather authorities have regularly issued alarms of every dangerous cyclone. But because few of the cyclones ever hit the coastal towns, people there **e to ignore the warnings.Darwin"s last alert was broadcast only two weeks before Cyclone Tracy. On that occasion the storm changed direction and headed off harmlessly down the coast.Apart from those people killed in their cars, nearly all the other victims died in the damage of their homes which, despite the fact that Darwin lies in the recognized cyclone belt, had not been built to withstand cyclonic winds. Although building standards in other states of Australia were made much stricter after the tragedy at Townsville, the Darwin authorities never followed the new regulations. Consequently most of suburban Darwin was built of light wood and iron raised off the ground on piles to give coolness in the tropical climate. And the sides of the houses were simply nailed to the roof instead of being firmly attached with what Australian builders call "cyclone bolts". As a result, many people were killed by flying sheets of iron from the roofs.26. The inhabitants of Darwin ignored the cyclone warning because ______.A. it was Christmas EveB. Darwin does not lie in the cyclone beltC. cyclones rarely hit their townD. they were accustomed to the attacks of cyclones27. The main reason many people died in the cyclone was that ______.A. the storm came without warningB. they were reluctant to leave before the cycloneC. their houses were not built as requiredD. the storm was so strong that nothing could resist its violence28. Two weeks before Christmas Day ______.A. Darwin was hit by a cycloneB. a cyclone passed close to DarwinC. the warning of Cyclone Tracy was givenD. Townsville was devastated by a cyclone29. After Townsville was devastated by a cyclone, the Darwin authorities ______.A. paid much attention to cyclone warning and preventionB. demanded that the house be built with cyclone boltsC. followed the example of the other Australian statesD. took no notice of the new regulations30. The passage is meant to illustrate that ______.A. cyclones hit the coastal towns of Australia quite oftenB. it is essential to establish an adequate cyclone warning systemC. the tragedy of Darwin was to a great extent due to the negligence of the cyclone warningD. much can"t be done to avoid the attack of cyclonesThe world is known to us through many senses, not just hearing, smell, vision, and at close range, touch and taste.Our skins let us know whether the air is moist or dry, whether surfaces are wet without being sticky or slippery. From the uniformity of slight pressure, we can be aware how deeply a finger is thrust into water at body temperature, even if the finger is enclosed in a rubber glove that keeps the **pletely dry. Many other animals with highly sensitive skins, appear to be able to learn still more about their environment. Often they do so without employing any of the five senses.By observing the capabilities of other members of the animal kingdom, we come to realize that a human being has far more possibilities than are utilized. We neglect ever so many of our senses in concentrating on the five major ones. At the same time, a comparison between animals and man draws attention to the limitations of each sense. The part of the spectrum(光谱) seen by color-conscious man as red is non-existent for honey-bees. But a bee can see far more in flowers than we, because the ultraviolet (紫外线) to which our eyes are blind is a stimulating (刺激的) part of the insect"s spectrum, and for honey-bees at least, constitutes a separate colour.31. From the passage, we realize that ______.A. man possesses as many senses as animalsB. man possesses a few more senses than animalsC. man possesses far more senses than the five major onesD. man has fully utilized his senses32. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The honey-bee is blind to red.B. Man is more color-conscious than the honey-bee.C. The honey-bee can see far more colors than man.D. Man is sensitive to the ultraviolet.33. We can realize how deeply a finger is put into water at body temperature ______.A. from the sense of direct touchB. through skin contactC. from the even distribution of pressureD. through the difference in temperature34. The phrase "sensitive skins" (Para. 2) most probably means ______.A. skins that are sticky or slipperyB. skins that are delicateC. skins that **pletely dryD. skins that are quick to feel and respond35. What is the main idea of the passage?A. All senses have their limitations.B. Man has not fully utilized all his senses.C. Insects are more sensitive to colors than man.D. Man is not as good as animals in learning about the environment.Canals existed in Egypt thousands of years ago. The great canal at Babylon was built about 2000 B. C.. The Grand Canal of China, which is over 900 miles long, was begun about 2500 years ago, and took centuries to finish. During the seventeenth century, France built many canals that are still in use today. However, they are not so heavily traveled as they were a hundred years ago, before railways were built. One such canal is a short-cut between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean. Canals in Germany permit boats to go from the Black Sea to the North Sea. The Kiel Canal provides a passageway between the North Sea and the Baltic. In America, the Great Lakes are all connected by canals, enabling ships to go from the Atlantic Ocean and the St. Lawrence River to Lake Superior.It is impossible to answer the question, "Who built the first canal?" Perhaps some people long ago, living in a dry country, discovered that they could dig ditches to irrigate their fields with river water. And, naturally, in the days when boats were the most important means of transport, canals were the easiest means of reaching a place that was not on a river. A canal joining two rivers proved both easy and time-saving for boat travel.Today, most countries in the world have canals. Even in the twentieth century, goods can move more cheaply by boat than by any other means of transport. Some canals, such as the Suez or the Panama, save ships weeks of time by making their voyage a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not located on the coast. Still other canals drain lands where there is too much water, help to irrigate fields where there is not enough water, and furnish water power for factories and mills.36. Which of the following pairs of places has not yet been connected by canal?A. The North Sea and the Black Sea.B. The Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.C. The North Sea and the Baltic.D. The Black Sea and the Baltic.37. According to this passage, canals in Europe were built primarily for ______.A. transportB. irrigationC. drainageD. electricity38. It is implied in the passage that the first canal was probably built ______.A. in ChinaB. about 2000 Ｂ. Ｃ.C. for irrigationD. for boat travel39. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to this passage?A. Boats travel faster in the canal than in the river.B. Canals make the voyage of ships shorter.C. Canals are still used for the delivery of goods.D. Canals provide a means of cheap transportation even today.40. The main purpose of the author in writing this passage is most probably to ______.A. discuss the development of canals in the worldB. introduce the history of important canals in the worldC. illustrate the usefulness of canalsD. suggest the necessity to make better use of canals。
雅思5听力考试题(超级紧凑可编辑版)
Test 5-1 LISTENINGSECTION 5-1-1 Questions 1-10Questions I-6 Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN Two WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answerQuestions 5 and 6 Choose TWO l etters A-E. Which TWO things are included in the price of the tour?A fishing tripB guided bushwalkC reptile park entryD table tennisE tennisQuestions 7-10 Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE TH4N THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer7 The tour costs $ ___________ 8 Bookings must be made no later than_________ days in advance.9 A __________deposit is required. 10 The customer’s reference number is ___________SECTION 2 Questions 11-20Questions 11-19 Complete the table below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answerQuestion 20 Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for the answer.Metal should not be rusted or bent Edges of cot should not be 20 _____________SECTION 5-1-3 Questions 21-30Questions 21-23 Choose the correct letter. A. B or C21 Andrew has worked at the hospital for A two years. B three years. C five years.22 During the course Andrew’s employers will pay A his fees. B his living costs. C his salary.23 The part-Lime course lasts for A one whole year. B 18 months. C two years.Questions 24 and 25 choose TWO letters A-EWhat Two types of coursework are required each month on the part-lime course?A a case studyB an essayC a surveyD a short reportE a study diaryQuestions 26-30 Complete the summary belowWrite NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answerModular CoursesStudents study 26_________ during each module. A module takes 27_______ and the work is very28______. To get a Diploma each student has to study 29 _______and then work on 30 _______in depth. SECTION 5-1-4 Question31-40Questions 31-35 Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer31 According to George Bernard Shaw, men are supposed to understand________ economics and finance.32 However, women are more prepared to _________about them.33 Women tend to save for________ and a house.34 Men rend to save for________ and for retirement.35 Women who are left alone may have to pay for_________ when they are old.Questions 36-40 complete the summary belowWrite NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBE for each answer.Saving for the futureResearch indicates that many women only think about their financial future when a 36 ________occurs. This is the worst time to make decisions. It is best for women to start thinking about pensions when they are in their 37___________. A good way women to develop their 38_________ in dealing with financial affairs would be to attend classes in 39___________ When investing in stocks and shares, it is suggested that women should put a high proportion of their savings in 40 __________In such ways, women can have a comfortable, independent retirement.TEST 5-2 LISTENINGSECTION 5-2-1 Questions 1-10 Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ANDIOR A NUMBER for each answerLIBRARY INFORMATION Example Minimum joining age: 18 yearsSECTION 5-2- 2 Questions 11-20 Questions 11-15 Choose the correct letter. A. B or C BICYCLES FOR THE WORLD11 In 1993 Dan Pearlman went to EcuadorA as a tourist guide.B as part of his studies.C as a voluntary worker.12 Dan’s neighbour was successful in business because heA employed carpenters from the area.B was the most skilled craftsman in the town.C found it easy to reach customers.13 Dan says the charity relies onA getting enough bicycles to send regularly.B finding new areas which need the bicycles.C charging for the bicycles it sends abroad.14 What does Dan say about the town of Rivas?A It has received the greatest number of bikes.B It has almost as many bikes as Amsterdam.C Its economy has been totally transformed.15 What problem did the charity face in August 2000?A It couldn’t meet its overheads.B It had to delay sending the bikes.C It was criticised in the British media.Questions 16 and 17 Answer the questions belowWrite NO MORE THAN ONE WORD OR A NUMBER for each answer16 How much money did the charity receive when it won an award? ___________17 What is the charity currently hoping to buy? __________Questions 18-20 choose THREE letters A-GWhich THREE things can the general public do to help the charily Pedal Power?A organise a bicycle collectionB repair the donated bikesC donate their unwanted toolsD do voluntary work in its officeE hold an event to raise moneyF identify areas that need bikesG write to the governmentSECTION 5-2-3 Questions 21-30 c omplete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer`Student Life’ video pro jectSECTION 5-2-4 Questions 31-40 Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE T11AN THREE WORDS 4ND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.ANTARCTICATEST 5-3 ListeningSECTION 5-3-1 Questions 1-10SECTION 5-3-2 Questions 11-20Questions 11 and 12 Choose Two letters A-E.What TWO advantages does the speaker say Rexford University has for the students he is speaking to?A higher than average results in examinationsB good transport links with central LondonC near London AirportD special government fundingE good links with local industryQuestions 13-15 complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.When application is received, confirmation will be sentApplication processing may be slowed down by - postal problems- delays in sending 13 ___________University tries to put international applicants in touch with a student From the same 14________ who can give information and advice on - academic atmosphere- leisure facilities- English 15________ and Food- what to packQuestions 16-20 Choose the correct letter. A, B or C16 The speaker says international students at UK universities will beA offered accommodation with local families.B given special help by their lecturers.C expected to work independently.17 What does the speaker say about university accommodation on campus?A Most places arc given to undergraduates.B No places are available for postgraduates with families.C A limited number of places are available for new postgraduates.18 Students wishing to live oil-campus should applyA several months in advanceB two or three weeks in advance.C at the beginning of term.19 The university accommodation officer willA send a list of agents for students to contact.B contact accommodation agencies for students.C ensure that students have suitable accommodation.20 With regard to their English. the speaker advises the students toA tell their lecturers if they have problems understanding.B have private English lessons when they arrive.C practice their spoken English before they arrive.SECTION 5-3-3 Questions 21-30 complete the form belowWrite NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answerSECTION 5-3-4 Questions 31-40Questions 31-35 Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answerHOUSEHOLD WASTE RECYCLING31By 2008, carbon dioxide emissions need to be ____________lower than in 1990.32 Recycling saves energy and reduces emissions from landfill sites and ____________33 People say that one problem is a lack of ` sites for household waste. At the bring banks’, household wasteAt the ‘bring banks’, household waste is sorted and unsuitable items removed.34 Glass designed to be utilised for ________cannot be recycled with other types of glass.35 In the UK __________tons of glass is recycled each year.Questions 36-40 Complete the table below Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Companies working with recycled materialsTest 5-4 LISTENINGSECTION 5-4-1 Questions 1-10 Complete the form belowWrite NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR NUMBERS for each answer.HOST FAMILY APPLICANTSECTION 5-4-2 Questions 11-20Questions 11-13 complete the sentences below Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.11 The next meeting of the soccer club will be in the __________in King’s Park on 2 July.12 The first event is a __________13 At the final dinner, players receive ______________Questions 14-17 Complete the table belowWrite NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answerQuestions 18-20 Complete the table below Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answerSECTION 5-4-3 Questions 21-30Questions 21-24 Complete the notes below Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answerQuestions 25-27 Choose the correct letter: A. B or C25 What does Karin think the company will do?A look tbr private investorsB accept a takeover offerC issue some new shares26 Flow does the tutor suggest the company can recover?A by appointing a new managing directorB by changing the way it is organisedC by closing some of its retail outlets27 The tutor wants Jason and Karin o produce a report whichA off ers solutions to Box Telecom’s problems.B analyses the UK market.C compares different companies.Questions 28-30 Which opinion does each person express about Box Telecom?choose your answers from the box and write’ the letters A-F next to questions 28-30.A its workers are motivatedB it has too little investmentC it will overcome its problemsD its marketing campaign needs improvementE it is old-fashionedF it has strong managers28 Karin ---- 29 Jason ---- 30 the tutor ----SECTION 5-4-4 Questions 31-40Questions 31-36 Choose the correct letter; A. B or C31 During the first week of term, students are invited toA be shown round the library by the librarian.B listen to descriptions of library resources.C do an intensive course in the computer centre.32 The speaker warns the students thatA internet materials can be unreliable.B downloaded information must be acknowledged.C computer access may be limited at times.33 The library is acquiring more CDs as a resource becauseA they are a cheap source of information.B they take up very little space.C they are more tip to date than the reference books.34 Students are encouraged to use journals online becauseA the articles do not need to be returned to the shelves.B reading online is cheaper than photocopying articles.C the stock of printed articles is to be reduced.35 Why might some students continue to use reference books?A they can be taken away from the libraryB they provide information unavailable elsewhereC they can be borrowed for an extended loan period36 What is the responsibility of the Training Supervisor?A to supervise and support library staffB to provide orientation to the library facilitiesC to identify needs and inform section managersQuestions 3 7-40Which section of the university will help postgraduate students with their dissertations in the following ways?A the postgraduate’s own department or tutorB library staffC another section of the universityWrite the correct letter, A. B or C, next to question s 37-40.37 training in specialised computer programs -------38 advising on bibliography presentation -------39 checking the draft of the dissertation -------40 providing language Support -------。
2014年6月英语四级考试真题听力原文+全文翻译
2014年6月英语四级考试真题听力原文第一套Long conversation one:M: Hello. Matt Ellis speaking.男：你好。
Matt Ellis说话。
W: Hello, Dr. Ellis, my name’s Pan Johnson. My roommate, Janet Holmes, wanted me to call you.你好，埃利斯医生，我叫Pan Johnson。
我的室友Janet Holmes想让我给你打电话。
M: Janet Holmes? Oh, that’s right. She’s in my Shakespearean English class. Has anything happened to her?男：Janet Holmes？哦，对了。
她在我的英语班莎士比亚。
她出什么事了吗？W: Nothing, it’s just that she submitted a job application yesterday and the company asked her in for an interview to day. She’s afraid she won’t be able to attend your class this afternoon though. I’m calling to see whether it would be OK if I gave you her essay. Janet said it’s due today.女：没什么，只是她昨天提交了求职申请，公司今天请她参加面试。
她恐怕今天下午不能来上课了。
我打电话是想看看我给你她的论文是否好。
珍妮特说今天到期。
M: Certainly, that would be fine. Uh, you can either drop it off at my class or bring it to my office. 男：当然，那就好了。
高一英语必修一词汇讲解
高一英语必修一词汇讲解Unit1surveyn. 纵览,视察,测量v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查1. We stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上，眺望乡村。
2. A quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人。
3. Of the five hundred householders surveyed, 40% had dishwashers.在接受调查的五百家住户中, 40% 有洗碗机。
addv. 增加1. He added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴，使火旺些。
2. If you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九。
3. Add up all the money I owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起。
upseta. 烦乱的,不高兴v. 颠覆,推翻,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服1. I'm always upset when I don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱。
2. He has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服。
3. The news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱。
ignorev. 不顾,不理,忽视1. You've been ignoring me. 你一直不把我放在眼里。
2. I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我!3. I can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了。
大学英语三级-22_真题-无答案
大学英语三级-22(总分85,考试时间90分钟)Part Ⅰ V ocabulary and StructureDirections:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that **pletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center1. Having heard so much about Miss Anna, he was ______ to meet and have a chat with her.A. urgentB. earnestC. eagerD. desperate2. The discovery of oil can bring great ______ to this country.A. belongingB. wealthC. purchaseD. property3. No matter who he is, young or old, people"s state of mind tends to keep ______ with the rapid change of society.A. touchB. progressC. contactD. pace4. The boy pretended ______ to what his mother was saying.A. listeningB. not listeningC. to be not listeningD. not to be listening5. There is no doubt ______ S.H.E is the most popular girl group in Asia.A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. which6. ______, many workers who have been laid off are the victims of the bad management in **pany.A. LuckilyB. ScarcelyC. UndoubtedlyD. Finally7. It is high time that the central government ______ some measures to raise people"s awareness of environmental protection.A. takeB. takesC. will takeD. took8. At no time and under no circumstances ______ the first to use nuclear weapons.A. will China beB. China will beC. will be ChinaD. will China not be9. Children who are over-protected by their parents may become ______.A. hurtB. damagedC. spoiledD. harmed10. I"m rather concerned ______ Lucy, for I haven"t heard from her since last year.A. withB. aboutC. ofD. at11. After 13 years in Chengdu, John has finally decided to ______ Chinese citizenship.A. look forB. apply forC. concentrate onD. appeal on12. -I cannot find Brana anywhere.-She _________ have been off long. Just now I met her in the office.A. shouldn"tB. mustn"tC. needn"tD. can"t13. ______ the fog, we should have reached our destination.A. But forB. In case ofC. In spite ofD. Because of14. In old China women ______.A. used to be looked down uponB. used to looked down uponC. is used to be looked down uponD. is used to looked down upon15. **pany decided to ______ the contract because a number of the conditions in it had not been met.A. assumeB. resistC. destroyD. cancel16. The projects ______ by the end of 2013 will extend the 2nd ring road to 28 kilometers.A. to be accomplishedB. accomplishedC. being accomplishedD. having been accomplished17. No one except three students ______ the meeting.A. has been late forB. have been late forC. was late forD. were late for18. Had I known the result, I ______ you to tell me.A. would not askB. would not have askedC. had not askedD. have not asked19. Mobile phones have ______ great changes in our daily life.A. brought outB. brought forwardC. brought aboutD. brought up20. Nancy is one of those ______ appear friendly but in fact are hard to deal with.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. whichPart Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionDirections:There are four passages in this par. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A. B. C and D.You shoulddecide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneThe iMOVE database (数据库) information platform is intended for persons interested in job opportunities offered by **panies. The information can be obtained in seven languages: German, English, French, Spanish, Chinese, Russian and Arabic.All programs in the area of professional training are carried out by German training providers. All these programs have a clear content to meet your special needs.Programs which take place in Germany are carried out in English. Many of the German training providers have started their training activities towards the international market. Therefore, they also offer courses abroad. These courses are taught in English or the language of the target country. Providers will be glad to supply you with additional information on these courses.You can contact the provider directly to find out more about a program and the training provider.To guarantee high standards in the database, iMOVE has developed quality standards for training providers and their services. All of the training facilities in the iMOVE database have to follow these quality criteria (标准). All training providers who publish their international training programs in the iMOVE database have recognized our General Terms and Conditions.1. The iMOVE database is intended for persons who ________.A. want to be employed by **paniesB. are interested in the German languageC. seek a job as a language translatorD. wish to work for professional training providers2. The iMOVE programs are carried out by ________.A. German training providersB. language training centersC. overseas employment advisersD. special service developers3. Programs held in Germany are taught in _________.A. GermanB. EnglishC. FrenchD. Chinese4. Which of the following measures has iMOVE taken to guarantee its high standards?A. Developing quality standards.B. Starting training courses overseas.C. Providing modern training facilities.D. Offering different language courses.5. The purpose of the passage is to ________.A. advertise the iMOVE databaseB. make **panies more popularC. hire overseas employees to work in GermanyD. encourage people to learn more foreign languagesPassage TwoThe London Stock Exchange has always been famous as a place for men only, and women used to be strictly forbidden to enter. But the world is changing day by day, and even the Stock Exchange, which seemed to be a man"s castle, is gradually opening its doors to the other sex. On 16thNovember 1971, a great decision was taken. The Stock Exchange Council (the body of men that administers the Stock ExchangE.decided that women should be allowed on to the new trading floor when it opened in 1973. But the “castle” had not **pletely conquered. The first girls to work in “The House” were not brokers or jobbers. They were neither allowed to become partners in stockbroking firms, nor to be authorized dealers in stocks and shares. They were simply junior clerks and telephone operators.Women have been trying to get into the Stock Exchange for many years. Several votes have been taken in “The House” to see whether the members would be willing to allow women to become members, but the answer has always been “No”. There have been three refusals of this kind since 1967. Now women are admitted, although in a very junior capacity. Two firms of jobbers made an application to the Stock Exchange Council to be allowed to employ girl clerks. Permission was finally given. A member of the Stock Exchange explained, after this news had been given, “The new floor is going to be different from the old one. All the jobbers will have their own stands, with space for a telephone and typewriters. Therefore there will have to be typists and telephone operators. So women must be allowed in.” This decision did not mean a very great victory in the war for equal rights for women. However, it was a step in the right direction. The Chairman of the Stock Exchange sail: “ I think that the opening of the new building will eventually lead to women being allowed to have full membership of the Stock Exchange. It is only a matter of time; it must happen.”1. It was not until 16th November, 1971 that_______.A. women began to work in the London Stock Exchange for the first timeB. the London Stock Exchange opened its doors to womenC. the “castle” **pletely conqueredD. The Council decided to allow women on to the new trading floor when it opened in 1973.2. The first girls_______.A. were allowed to enter “The House” in a very junior capacityB. served as brokers or jobbers in “The House”C. were allowed to become partners in stockbroking firmsD. were authorized as dealers in stocks and shares3. Which of the following is true according to this passage?A. Only brokers or jobbers can get into the Stock Exchange.B. Women were never officially allowed to enter the Stock ExchangeC. Women have recently been allowed to become partners in stockbroking firms.D. Since 1973 women have been allowed to work with the London Stock Exchange.4. According to the context, “It is only a matter of time” implies________.A. women would very soon have full membership of the Stock ExchangeB. women would eventually have equal rights with men in the Stock ExchangeC. more and more women would be willing to work in the Stock ExchangeD. a new building would eventually be built for women5. What is this passage about?A. Women"s place in society.B. How the London Stock Exchange functioned in 1971.C. How women have been struggling for full membership of the Stock Exchange.D. How women were gradually allowed to work in the Stock Exchange.Passage ThereGoogle, the Internet search-**pany, has announced it will give more than twenty-five million dollars in money and investments to help the poor. **pany says the effort involves using the power of information and technology to help people improve their lives.Aleem Walji works for -- the part of **pany that gives money to good causes. He said **pany"s first project will help identify where infectious (传染性的) diseases are developing. In Southeast Asia and Africa, for example, will work with partners to strengthen early-warning systems and take action against growing health threats. "s second project will invest in ways to help small and medium-sized businesses grow. Walji says microfinance (小额信贷) is generally small, short-term loans that create few jobs. Instead, he says wants to develop ways to bring investors and business owners together to create jobs and improve economic growth. will also give money to help two climate-change programs announced earlier this year. One of these programs studies ways to make renewable (再生的) energy less costly than coal-based energy. The other is examining the efforts being made to increase the use of electric cars.The creators of Google have promised to give about one percent of company profits and one percent of its total stock value every year.Aleem Walji says this amount may increase in the future.1. The purpose of Google"s investments is to________.A. develop new technologyB. help poor peopleC. expand its own businessD. increase the power of information2. According to Aleem Walji, **pany"s first project is to________.A. find out where diseases developB. identify the causes of infectious diseasesC. set up a new system to warn people of infectious diseasesD. cure patients of infectious diseases3. What kind of businesses will benefit from "s second project?A. small and medium-sized businessesB. cross-**paniesC. large enterprisesD. foreign-funded corporations4. From the third paragraph, we learn that Google"s money is also invested to help ________.A. develop renewable and coal-based energyB. start more research programsC. make more advanced electric carsD. conduct studies related to climate changes5. From the last paragraph we learn that the investments by Google.**e from ________.A. Google"s profits and stock valueB. **pany"s own interestsC. **mercial banksD. some international IT companiesPassage FourGovernment officials say there are about two-million-three-hundred-thousand American Indians. They belong to more than 550 different tribes and groups of Alaskan Natives. They still speak more than 200 languages. About 500, 000 Indians live on reservations. A reservation is the land given to the tribe (部落) by the federal government. Most tribes were moved to reservations in the 1800s when the government took their traditional lands.American Indians are citizens of the United States. They have the same right to vote and to be elected to public office as other citizens. Indians must obey federal, state and local laws when they are not on the reservation. On the reservation, only federal law and tribal laws are in effect. Most tribal officials are elected by members of the tribe.American Indians historically have had higher rates of unemployment, more health problems and less education than most other groups of Americans. In recent years, however, conditions have improved. More young people **pleting school. Many American Indian artists are creating jewelry, pottery, weavings and wood carvings that are highly prized by collectors.Each of the tribes has its own culture and history. Yet all the tribes share major concerns.They are trying to keep their traditional cultures alive while improving the living conditions of tribal members.Joe Swina is a professor at the University of New Mexico and a member of the Cochiti Pueblo. He explains that American Indians have to work hard to balance their lives. They need to exist in the modern, Western world yet protect the traditions and values of their ancient, but still living cultures.1. How many American Indians live on reservations?A. 2,300,000B. 500,000C. 2,000,000D. 400,0002. According to the passage, a reservation is _______.A. the traditional land of American IndiansB. all the farmsC. the land given to the tribe by federal governmentD. the land given to the tribe by local government3. What can be inferred from the passage?A. American Indians have no right to be elected to public office.B. American Indians must obey federal, state and local laws on their reservations.C. State laws are not in effect on the reservation.D. All the tribal officials are elected by members of the tribe.4. Which of the following statements is NOT the problem facing American Indians before?A. less educationB. more health problemsC. higher rates of unemploymentD. producing too many potteries5. What are the major concerns shared by all the American Indian tribes according to the passage?A. keeping their traditional cultures aliveB. making more jewelleryC. trying to live in the modern societyD. establishing an independent countryPart Ⅲ Translation from English into ChineseDirections:In this part, there are five items, and four of them are taken from the reading passages you have just read. Below each, there are five Chinese sentences translated, which are marked A, B, C, D and E. Each letter stands for a score varying from 0 to 2. You should decide which is the best translation, and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. You can contact the provider directly to find out more about a program and the training provider.A. 您可以直接和供应商联系，去找到更多程序和培训供应商。
unit+2+a+stock+and+share
International stock exchange
国际股票市场:指各国进行股票买卖的交易 市场。它是世界各国通过发行股票的形式， 吸收中长期资金和投资资本的场所。股票 的发行和买卖交易是通过发行市场（也叫 一级市场）（security primary market）和 二级市场（security secondary market）实 现的。二级市场是对已发行的股票进行买 卖的市场，通常是在各国股票市场如证券 交易所、证券公司等进行再交易实现的。
Stocks and shares
牛津英汉双解 Share: any of the units of equal value into which a company is divided and sold to raise money. People who own shares receive part of the company‘s profits.股份 Stock: 1、[U] the value of the shares in a company that have been sold 股本，资本 2、[C，usually pl.] a share that sb. has bought in a company or businesses 股份，股票
Stock index
Statistical indicator used in measurement and reporting of changes in the market value of a group of stocks/shares. Different stock indices (such as Dow Jones Industrial Average, Russell 1000, Standard And Poor's 500) track the market differently--depending on (1) which averaging method is used to establish the index, (2) whether the index is broad based or narrow based, and (3) whether the averaging method assigns weights on the basis of market price or market capitalization. Also called share index.
商务英语阅读大作业
商务英语阅读大作业Part ⅠMultiple Choice: Complete the sentences by choosing from the words below each sentence（15 points）:1.___a___ is a contract by which ownership is transferred from a seller to a buyer.a. A sales agreementb. The enforceable contractc. A negotiable agreement2. A corporation can also obtain equity financing by selling securities directly to current stockholders.“ Equity” here means ______.a.reasonable qualityb.ordinary stocks and sharesc.principles3.Enron is an American _______ company.a. energyb. tradingc. accounting4. Real property is land and anything permanently attach to it. “it” here means _____.a. the propertyb. the owner of the landc. land5. Financial management _____ those activities that are concerned with obtaining money and using it effectively.a. consists ofb. is consisted forc. consisting6. Securities exchanges are marketplaces ______ members buy and securities for their clientsa. whereb. whatc. how7. In theory, a company‟s auditors are appointed independently by its shareholders, to whom they report. “ whom” represent _____.a. auditorsb. accountsc. shareholders8. Those organizations _____ can dominate their industry and experience positive growtha. which respond to customers demandsb. that make innovation a priorityc. of being already obsolete9. According to the text, _____ will be the key to internationally cultivate an organization for innovative endeavorsa. great leadersb. a physical environmentc. creative people10. we have a ______ to shared prosperity.a. commissionb. commitmentc. competition11. The continued prosperity needs _____.A managementB corporationC innovation12. Over-capacity in the car business leads to a series of joint agreements and mergers between _____.A car companiesB joint venturesC capacity13. People can buy stocks from _____.A securities marketsB a secure marketC financial markets14. The financing of international trade is more complex than that of domestic trade. …That‟ here means _____.A financingB international tradeC domestic15. Three kinds of _____may be found in a company by level.A employeesB subordinatesC managersPart II Match Choose the correct word from the box to complete the following passage（10points）:16________is the key to continued prosperity. Although the United States is experiencing a lengthy 17________, its capacity forinnovation per capita is losing ground. To 18_____effectively ininternational market, nations as well as organizations must makeinnovation a priority.What is innovation? My personal 19_____is derived from working with hundreds of organizations and extensive research onthe subject. Innovation is the tangible result of 20_______, theprocess that produces one or more innovations. Creativity is difficultto measure, but innovation is a product or 21_____that is easilydefined and measured.Why is innovation necessary? It is needed for 22_____ andsustainability. Competition is so stiff in the23________market thatorganizations not nurturing innovation will soon find themselvesunable to respond to changing 24________. Conversely, thoseorganizations that make innovation a priority can dominate theirindustry and experience positive 25_____. Organizations in the 21stcentury must foster innovation.Part III Translation Translate the following two passages into English（30 points）:Passage OneHuman resources planning consists of forecasting the human resource that firm will need and those that will have available andthen planning a course of action to match supply with demand.Attrition, layoffs, early retirements，and (as a last resort) firing canbe used to reduce the size of the work force. Supply is increasedthrough hiring.Cultural or workplace diversity refers to the difference among people in a work force to race, ethnicity, and gender. With theincrease of women, minorities, and immigrants entering the U. S.workforce, management is posed with both challenges andcompetitive advantages. Some organizations are implementingdiversity-training programs and working to keep cultural diversityalive. With the proper guidance and management, a culturallydiverse organization can prove to be beneficial to all involved.Passage twoToday, retirement can mean different things. For many Americans, it means the end of the money-earning part of their life and the beginning of a period of enjoyment. But retirement calls for planning and savings.In many countries, employers may offer some kind of retirement savings plan. The plan could be linked to the company's stock or to a managed investment service. Almost any financial planner will say workers should use these plans to save money easily: often directly from their wages. But an employer plan should not be your only way to save for retirement.Part Ⅳ Reading ComprehensionRead the following three passages and choose the right answer to each statement(45 points):Passage one:The Japan Society's crash course on how to bridge the chasmbetween Japanese and American managers forces participants toexamine their own cultural assumptions, as well as to learn about theother side. Behavior which Americans consider trustworthy is oftenprecisely that which Japanese associate with shifty characters -- andvice versa.To Americans, people who pause before replying to a question areprobably dissembling. They expect a trustworthy person to responddirectly. The Japanese distrust such fluency. They are impressed bysomebody who gives careful thought to a question before making areply. Most Japanese are comfortable with periods of silence.Americans find silence awkward and like to plug any conversationalgaps.The cherished American characteristics of frankness and opennessare also misunderstood. The Japanese think it is sensible, as well aspolite, for a person to be discreet until he is sure that a businessacquaintance will keep sensitive information confidential. AnAmerican who boasts "I 'm my own man" can expect to find his Japanese hosts anxiously counting the chopsticks after a business lunch. As the Japanese see it, individualists are antisocial. Team players are sound.Mark the following statements True or False according to the information provided in the text.26. American managers learn about the cultural assumptions of theJapanese.27. In the eyes of Americans people who hesitate have something tohide.28. The Japanese are impressed by careful replies.29. Periods of silence bother the Japanese.30. The Japanese are in favor of working in teams.Passage Two:General Motors－and all the car makers－are driving into Asia. In the period of 2001-2010, vehicle sales in Asia are expected to grow by more than that of Europe and North America combined, making Asia the second largest automotive market with sales approaching 20 million per year. The world‟s largest company has found the environmental challenges considerable despite the lure of substantial market potential made possible by the growing middle class. In Indonesia, GM faces competition from a local model, the Timor, which costs substantially less due to government support (that is, lower duties on imported components). Before President Suharto‟s resignation, the company was run by his sons.To overcome distribution difficulties, GM will invest $ 450 million in a regional manufacturing facility in Rayong Province to build the specially designed and engineering Opel “Car for Asia”beginning early in the twenty first century. The Thai facility is the culmination of GM‟s buildup in Asia that started in 1990 with the establishment of a regional office in Hong Kong and representative offices in Bangkok, Jakarta, Kuala Lumpur, and Beijing. In 1994, the GM‟s Asia headquarters was moved from Detroit to Singapore. Singapore provides coordination and support, but GM will tailor manufacturing, sales and distribution to local requirements. It established GM China in 1994 as a separate entity, and in Japan it bought a 37,5 percent equity stake in Isuzu.31. GM here stands for ____.A General MotorsB General ManagementC Grand Master32. Timor costs less to produce because of _____.A lower duties on imported componentsB government supportC local competition33. GM will set up a regional factory in ____ to overcome distribution difficulties.A. ThailandB. Hong KongC. Kuala Lumpur34. GM‟s Asia headquarters was moved to Singapore in ____.A. 1990B. 2001C.199435. GM‟s headquarters is located in _____.A. SingaporeB. ShanghaiC. DetroitPassage Three:When you are looking for work, you may occasionally feel rejected. But bear in mind that somebody out there is just as anxious to find employees as you are to find a job. In fact, American corporations spend roughly $11. 5 billion annually to find the talent they need. Somewhere an employer is looking forsomeone with your skills, values, interests, and qualifications.Once you know what you have to offer and what you want, you can start finding an employer to match. If you haven't already committed yourself to any particular career field, you might first find out where the job opportunities are. Which industries are strong? Which parts of the country are booming, and which specific job categories offer the best prospects for the future? Once you have identified a promising industry and a career field, you need to compile a list of specific organizations that appeal you. You can do so by consulting directories of employers. Job listings can also be obtained from your college placement office and from job placement bureaus.All understanding of how employers approach the recruiting process can save you considerable time and effort in searching for the job you want. The quickest route is to get a referral from someone you know. In recent survey by the American Management Society, 70 percent of the managers interviewed said that employee referrals are useful source of job candidates. And personal contacts appear to be the prime source of jobs for job seekers, regard less of whether they are just graduating from college or have been out of school for several years.Don't despair, however, if you lack contacts who can introduce you to potential employers. A variety of avenues are used by both job applicants and organizations seeking employees. Many organizations send representatives to college campuses to interview students for job openings. These interviews are usually coordinated by the campus placement office, which keeps filescontaining college records, data sheets, and letters of recommendation for all students registered for the service.Employers also recruit candidates through classified and display ads in newspapers, trade magazines, and campus publications, as well as through employment agencies, state employment services, and employment bureaus operated by some trade associations. Unsolicited resumes are also a vital source of candidates for many organizations. However, if you pursue this route, be prepared to buy a lot of postage stamps. For every 100 letters that you send out, you can expect to get only about 6 interviews.36. Employers are looking for someone with______A. good mannerB good appearanceC. proper skills, values, interests, and qualifications。
外经贸商务英语试卷
对外经济贸易大学国际商学院《高级商务英语》期末试卷试卷内容（请将答案填在本文件后面的答题纸上）===================================================================== I. Multiple choice 20% Choose the best answer either to complete the sentence or to replace the underlined part.1. The fog _____ thick, all the ferry boats were suspended.A. isB. beingC. having beenD. was2. She said she wouldn’t call us the next day, _____ she?A. wouldB. wouldn’tC. didD. didn’t3. The prisoner pleaded that he _____ allowed to see his family, who did not yet knowof his conviction.A. isB. wasC. beD. could be4. It’s a shame _____ able to give them any advice.A. to not have beenB. to have not beenC. to have been notD. not to have been5. After we made the improvement, there were only _____ as before.A. one tenth defective products as manyB. defective products one-tenth asmanyC. defective products as one-tenth manyD. one-tenth as many defectiveproducts6. With every transaction we perform _____ electronically, we could have ourselvesopen to electronic monitoring or control by government.A. having recordedB. being recordedC. to recordD. recording7. The father, who was illiterate, said to his son that he was _____ dog to learn newtricks.A. much too old aB. so much old aC. a much too oldD. a so muchold8. The Homestead Act of 1862 _____ to acquire land at a small cost.A. made possibleB. made the possibilityC. made it possibleD. possiblymade9. The earth revolves a little more rapidly _____ it is closer to the sun.A. whenB. orC. thanD. wherever10. The elderly Russians find it hard to live on their state _____.A. donationsB. earningsC. salariesD. pensions11. Teaching students of threshold level is hard work but the effort is very _____.A. preciousB. rewardingC. worthD. challenging12. It is up to the government to tackle the air pollution problem and _____ measuresin line with the council’s suggestions.A. set aboutB. work outC. fill upD. bring over13. Many people, if not most, _____ literary taste as an elegant accomplishment, byacquiring which they will complete themselves, and make themselves finally fit as members of a correct society.A. look onB. look downC. look inD. look into14. They are _____ investors who always make thorough investigations both on localand international markets before making an investment.A. implicitB. consciousC. cautiousD. indecisive15. Mutual respect for territorial _____ is one of the bases upon which our twocountries develop relationship.A. unityB. integrityC. entiretyD. reliability16. In this poor country, survival is still the leading industry; all else is _____.A. luxuryB. accommodationC. entertainmentD.refreshment17. In those days, executives expected to spend most of their lives in the same firmand, unless they were dismissed for _____, to retire at the age of 65.A. integrityB. denialC. deductionD.incompetence18. The design of this auditorium shows a great deal of _____. We have never seensuch a building before.A. inventionB. illusionC. originalityD. orientation19. It is no _____ that a large number of violent crimes are committed under theinfluence of alcohol.A. coincidenceB. correspondenceC. inspirationD. intuition20. The economic crises in that country have threatened the _____ of thegovernment.A. persistenceB. capabilityC. stabilityD.permanenceII. Explain clearly the following terms. 10%venture capitalIndustrial RevolutionIII. Answer the following questions. 15%What factors foster the globalization of a country, big or small? What are some of the benefits countries can enjoy in the process of globalization? Why are some countries worried about globalization?IV. Cloze. 15%Mood and MarketingOne factor that can influence consumers is their mood states. Mood may be defined __1__ a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied __2__ any particular circumstance. Moods should be __3__ from emotions which are usually more intense, related to specific circumstances, and often conscious.__4__ one sense, the effect of a consumer’s mood can be thought of in __5__ the same way as can our reactions to the behavior of our friends __ when our friends are happy and “up”, that tends to influence us positively, __6__ when they are “down”, that can have a negative impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a __7__ mood state tend to react to stimuli in a direction __8__ with the mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see __9__ in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a __10__ manner than they would when not in such a state. __11__, mood states appear capable of __12__ a consumer’s memory. Moods appear to be __13__ influenced by marketing techniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and volume of music have been shown to influence behavior such as the amount of time spent in supermarkets or __14__ to purchase products. In addition, advertising can influence consumers’ moods which, in __15__, are capable of influencing consumers’ reactions to products. (224 words)1. A. as B. about C. by D. with2. A. over B. under C. to D. up3. A. derived B. descended C. divided D.distinguished4. A. On B. Of C. In D. By5. A. thus B. much C. even D. still6. A. for B. but C. unless D. provided7. A. given B. granted C. fixed D. driven8. A. resistant B. persistent C. insistent D. consistent9. A. consumers B. businessmen C. retailers D.manufacturers10. A. casual B. critical C. serious D. favorable11. A. However B. Otherwise C. Moreover D.Nevertheless12. A. lifting B. enhancing C. raising D. cultivating13. A. readily B. rarely C. cautiously D. currently14. A. facilities B. capacities C. reflections D. intentions15. A. total B. turn C. detail D. depthV. Reading comprehension. 15%Passage 1What is meant by the term economic resources? In general, these are all the natural, man-made, and human resources that go into the production of goods and services. This obviously covers a lot of ground: factories and farms, tools and machines, transportation and communication facilities, all types of natural resources, and labor. Economic resources can be broken down into two general categories: property resources - land and capital, and human resources - labor and entrepreneurial skills.What do economists mean by land? Much more than non-economists. Land refers to all natural resources that are usable in the production process: cultivatable land, forests, mineral and oil deposits, and so on. What about capital? Capital goods are all the man-made aids to producing, storing, transporting, and distributing goods and services. Capital goods differ from consumer goods in that the latter satisfy wants directly, while the former do so indirectly by facilitating the production of consumer goods. It should be noted that capitals as defined here do not refer to money. Money, as such, produces nothing.The term labor refers to the physical and mental talents of humans used to produce goods or services (with the exception of a certain set of human talents, entrepreneurial skills, which will be considered separately because of their special significance). Thus the services of a factory worker or an office worker, a ballet dancer or an astronaut all fall under the general heading of labor. (238w)1. In Paragraph 1, the author uses the expression "This obviously covers a lot ofground" to indicate that ------.A. the factories and farms discussed in the passage are very largeB. e conomic resources will be discussed in great depthC. the topic of economic resources is a broad oneD. land is an important concept in economics2. When non-economists use the term "land", its definition ------.A. is much more general than when economists use itB. is much more restrictive than when economists use itC. changes from place to placeD. includes all types of natural resources3. Which of the following could be considered a kind of capital goods as defined inthe passage?A. A rail road.B. Money.C. A coal deposit.D. Humanskills.4. The word "heading" in the last sentence is closest in meaning to ____.A. directionB. practiceC. categoryD. utility5. What is the author's main purpose in writing this passage?A. To explain the concept of labor.B. T o criticize certain uses of capital.C. To contrast capital goods and consumer goods.D. To define economic resources.Passage 2Large companies need a way to reach the sayings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know. And while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in their business through a stock exchange. By doing so they can put into use the savings of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas.When the investor needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other person who is seeking to invest his money. Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, etc. this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to a stock exchange.There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another this new money must come from the investment funds of the country. Stock exchanges exist to provide a channel through which these funds can reach those who need financing. (333w)1. Almost all companies involved in production and development must ____.A. rely on their own financial resourcesB. persuade banks to provide long-term financeC. borrow large sums of money from friends and people they knowD. depend on the public as a whole for financing2. The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is ____.A. repaid to its original owners as soon as possibleB. raised by selling sharesC. exchanged for partial ownership of the stock exchangeD. invested in different companies on the stock exchange3. When the investors want their money back they ____.A. ask another company to obtain their money for themB. look for other people to borrow money fromC. put their shares back on the marketD. transfer their money to a more successful company4. Many essential services on which we depend are ____.A. run by industriesB. in constant need of financial supportC. financed wholly by rates and taxesD. unable to provide for the needsof the population5. The stock exchange makes it possible for the government, local authorities andnationalized industries ------.A. to raise money to finance new developmentsB. to make certain everybody saves moneyC. to borrow as much money as they wishD. to make certain everybody lends money to themVI. Translate the following sentences into English. 10%1.总统的讲话加剧了股市可能会暴跌的猜测。
高考英语总复习实用精品学案 SBIIB Unit 15 Destinations 新人教版
高考英语总复习实用精品学案 SBIIB Unit 15 Destinations新人教版SBIIB Unit 15 Destinations旅游胜地巴西里约热内卢素材新挖掘考点1. dip n.(在江河湖海中)洗澡；游泳vt. 浸；泡；蘸Should you have enough energy left after a day on the slopes, you can take a dip in the pool, wo rk out at the gym go dancing in one of the city’s many hotels and clubs.Would you like to take a dip in the pool?你想在游泳池里小游一会儿吗？dip vt.& vi. 蘸；浸dip vt.& vi. (短时间)降下一点dip into 提取(存款)；掏钱包(1)She _______(侵入)her hand in the sea to find out how cold it was.(2)The sun _________(沉落)below the western sea.(3)The fruit had ______________(泡在)in chocolate.(4)他拿钢笔蘸墨水。
(写作小练笔：主谓宾; ink)________________________________dippeddippedbeen dippedHe dipped his pen in the ink.考点2. analyse vt. 分析Use the chart from the Pre-reading to analyse the text about Rio de Janeiro. Let's analyse the problem and see what went wrong.让我们分析一下这道题，看什么地方出错了。
Stock,
Stock, Stake, Share的区别在当今的⾦融市场上，stocks和shares之间的区别在某种程度上被模糊化了。
⼀般来讲，这两个词可以被交替⽤来指能表⽰⼀个特定公司所有权的⽂件，这就叫做stock证明。
但是，这两个词之间的不同来⾃于它们被使⽤的语境。
例如，stock是⼀个宽泛的定义，总体上讲⽤来表⽰任何公司的所有权证明。
⽽shares则是指⼀个特定公司的所有权证明。
所以，如果投资者说他们拥有stocks，那么他们通常是在说在⼀个或更多的公司中拥有总体的所有权。
从技术层⾯上讲，如果某⼈说他们拥有shares，那么问题就来了，哪个公司的shares？归根结底，stocks和shares是同⼀个事物。
两者之间微⼩的差别经常会被忽视，⽐起⾦融或法律精确度，这更多的是与句法有关。
Stakes, shares和stocks之间的区别或许主要是语义差别，因为这三个术语都可以交叉使⽤，虽然每个在特定情况下都会有另外的意思。
公司资本可以是权益，也可以是债务。
权益表⽰所有权，债务表⽰借款。
Stock表⽰权益。
每个公司都有⾃⼰的股票，上市公司的股票有着独⼀⽆⼆的⼀个、两个、三个或四个字母的标志来证明。
例如，波⾳公司的标志是BA，⽽微软公司的标志是MSFT。
当⼀个公司发⾏股票的时候，它会决定要发⾏多少shares。
因此 “stock”更多地⽤来指⼀个特定公司的证券，⽽“shares”则是关于该公司发⾏的股票数量。
例如，MSFT的投资者拥有微软公司100股的股票。
当⼀个投资者说他拥有两只股票，意思就是说他拥有两个不同公司的股票；⽽当⼀个投资者说他拥有200股，意思就是说他拥有⼀个特定公司的股票的200股。
Shares的数量表明在⼀个公司中stake的⼤⼩。
例如，拥有XYZ公司的股票的投资者是这个公司的拥有者之⼀，如果他拥有XYZ的10000股的股票，⽽这个公司共发⾏了100万股，那么他就拥有这个公司的⼗分之⼀，也就是说他有1%的stake。
海外银行开户必备英语
海外银行开户必备英语银行是商品货币经济发展到一定阶段的产物。
接下来小编为大家整理了银行开户必备英语，希望对你有帮助哦!开设账户最好是在有名的银行中开帐户。
it's best to open an account银行会问你开账户的金额为多少And how much would you like to open your account with?每个银行的开账户时的最小额度minimum sum不同要咨询一下汇率exchange rate和利率interest rate英国的几个比较有名的银行有Barclays 和 Lloyds。
然而，得清楚很重要一点是留学生不能享受到提供给当地学生的设施。
However, it's important to note that as an international student you'll not necessarily be eligible for all the facilities offered to resident students。
银行有不同的政策，他们提供给你的服务是取决于你的个人情况，同样也取决于银行经理的自行处理。
Banks have different policies and the services that they'll offer you will depend on your individual circumstances*and on the discretion of the bank manager involved。
注意：documentation指的是文件总称。
作为一个留学生，你需要提供证据证明自己能够支付费用，直到课程结束as an international student,you will need to provide evidence that you can fund/support yourself for however long your course lasts。
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Unit 15 Stocks and shares1b Reading1.Why do people form limited companies?Because a non-incorporated business (i.e. one that is not a company) has unlimited liability for debts. If it owes money, the people involved in it are not protected from bankruptcy and can lose their personal possessions. A company provides legal protection and limited liability.2.Why do companies issue shares?In order to raise cap;ital, generally to expand the business.3.Why do people buy the shares?Shares give their holders part of the ownership of a company. Shareholders receive a proportion of a company’s profits as a dividend, and may be able to make a capital gain by selling their shares at a higher price than they paid for them.1c Comprehension1.What are the obligations of companies whose shares are traded on stockexchanges?They have to send their shareholders a report at the end of every financial year, including independently-audited financial statements, and hold an annual general meeting.2.What is over-the-counter market?A market for young or small companies which do not want to have their shares traded on he major stock exchanges.3.What does a company do if it wishes to raise share capital?It issues new shares, offering them to existing shareholders first.4.What is a bonus issue?It’s when a company chooses to issue new shares to existing shareholders rather than pay them a dividend.5.What right do share holders have?They are generally entitled to vote at companies’ General Meetings and to receive a dividend if the company makes a profit.1d V ocabulary1.liability: having a responsibility or an obligation to do something, e.g. to pay adebt2.creditor: a person or organization to whom money is owed (for goods orservices rendered, or as repayment of a loan)3.bankrupt: to be insolvent: unable to pay debts.4.assets: everything of value owned by a business that an be used to producegoods, pay liabilities, and so on5.to liquidate: to sell all the possessions of a bankrupt business.6.liabilities: money that a company will have to pay to someone else (bills, taxes,debts, interest ad mortgage payments, etc.)7.to put up capital: to provide money for a company or other project8.venture capital: money invested in a possibly risky new business9.founders: the people who begin a new company10.premises: the place in which a company does business: an office, shop,workshop, factory, warehouse, and so on11.underwrite: to guarantee to buy an entire new share issue, if no one else wantsit12.dividend: a proportion of the annual profits of a limited company, paid tosharehodelrsAmericans lften talk about corporations rather than companies and about an initial public offering rather than a flotationAnother name for stocks and shares is equiies, because all the stocks or shares of a company — or at least all those of a particular category – have equal value. Two other terms for nominal value are face value and par valueOther names for a bonus issue are a scrip issue (short for ‘subscription certificate’) and a capitalization issue, and in the US, a stock dividend or stock split. corporation = companiesan initial public offering = flotationstocks and shares = equitiesnominal value = face value = par valuebonus issue = scrip issue = subscription certificate = a capitalization issue = stock dividend = stock split.2b V ocabulary1.Boeing stocks rocketed after rumors of a forthcoming merger with anotherleading aircraft manufacturer. (To rise a lot)2.The Dow-Jones index crashed after continuing rumors about the President’shealth. (to fall a lot)3.Exxon stocks shot up after a new deal to pump Siberian natural gas wasannounced. (to rise a lot)4.The Footsie rallied in London in the afternoon, gaining 30 points in late trading.(to rise after previously falling)5.Grundig shares slipped after the news of boardroom changes. (to fall a little)6.In Paris, the CAC-40 plummeted, after the unions called for a three-day generalstrike next week. (to fall a lot)7.Leading shares were slightly weaker in Tokyo, the Nikkei losing six points. (tofall a little)8.Most shares were a little stronger in Mila this morning, when the exchangereopened after yesterday’s public holiday. (to rise a little)9.On the Frankfurt exchange, the DAX index finished slightly firmer, up 12points. (to rise a little)10.Philips shares jumped after the company revealed that it was negotiating anew licensing deal with Sony. (To rise a lot)11.Procter & Gamble stocks plunged after it was revealed that the company hadlost over $100 million as a result of a derivative deal. (To fall a lot)12.Share prices recovered in Hong Kong today, the Hang Seng finishing up tenpoints. (to rise after previous falling)2c V ocabulary1.mutual fund: a company that spreads investors’ capital over a variety ofsecurities2.portfolio: an investor’s selection of securities3.stockbroker: a person who can advise investors and buy and sell shares forthem4.blue chip: a stock in a large company or corporation that is considered to be asecure investment.5.defensive stock: a stock – in an industry not much affected by cyclical trends –that offers a good return but only a limited chance of a rise or decline in price 6.growth stock: a stock – which usually has a high purchasing price and a lowcurrent rate of return – that is expected to appreciate in capital value7.market-maker: a wholesaler in stocks and shares who deals with brokers.8.institutional investors: financial organizations such as pension funds andinsurance companies which own most of the shares of all leading companies (over 60%, and rising)9.insider share dealing: the use of information not know to the public to make aprofit out of buying or selling shares.2d V ocabulary1.annual report –external auditors –financial statements –stockbroker Acompany’s annual report contains financial statements checked by external auditors. This has nothing to do with a stockbroker.2.blue chip – defensive stock – growth stock – rights issue. Blue chips, defensivestocks and growth stocks are all (unofficial) classifications of stocks, according to the financial community; any company, with any kind of stocks, can make a rights issue (if their declared authorized share capital, or the annual general meeting of shareholders, permits).3.bonus issue –dividend –over-the-counter –shareholder. When a companymakes a bonus issue, it distributes new shares to shareholders instead of a dividend. There is no necessary connection with over-the-counter companies or markets here.4.creditor – market-maker – shareholder – stockbroker. A shareholder places anorder with a stockbroker, who buys shares from or sells them to a market-maker. This has nothing to do with a creditor.5.debt –equity –share –stock. Stocks and shares are equities; unlike bondswhich, for a company, are debt.6.face value –market value –nominal value –par value. Face value, nominalvalue and par value all mean the same thing. This is rarely the same as a security’s market value.7.float – liquidation – share issue – underwriter. When a company is floated forthe first time it usually pays an underwriter to guqrantee to purchase any part of the share issue that remains unsold. This has nothing to do with liquidation 8.institutional investor – insurance company – liabilities – pension fund. Pensionfunds and insurance companies are important institutional investors. This has nothing to do with liabilities.9.mutual fund –portfolio –risk –underwriter. Mutual funds are organizationsthat spread shareholders’ money in a broad portfolio, which generally reducesrisk. This has nothing to do with an underwriter.New words in this unit 15Annual General Meeting (GB) or Annual Meeting of Stockholders (US), authorized share capital, bankrupt, bonus issue or scrip issue or capitalization issue or stock dividend or stock split, capital, commodity, corporation, creditor, defensive stock, equity, float, flotation, growth stock, insider share-dealing, institutional investor, legal entity, limited company, liquidate, market price, market-maker, Memorandum of Association (GB) or Certificate of Incorporation (US), mutual fund, nominal value or face value or par value, over-the-counter market, owner, premises, private limited company, public limited company (GB) or listed company (US), quoted or listed company, real estate, registrar of companies, rights issue, stock exchange, unlimited liability, venture capital, wind up。