整理的英美文学
英美文学名著书目
英美文学名著书目英美文学名著1.《傲慢与偏见》/简·奥斯汀其他作品《理智与情感》2《鲁滨孙漂流记》/笛福3.《格列佛游记》/斯威夫特4.《简·爱》/夏洛蒂·勃朗特5.《呼啸山庄》/艾米莉·勃朗特6.《大卫·科波菲尔》/狄更斯其他作品《雾都孤儿》、《远大前程》、、《双城记》7.《德伯家的苔丝》/哈代其他作品《远离程嚣》、《还乡》8. 《蝴蝶梦》/达夫妮·杜穆里埃9. 《名利场》/ 萨克雷10. 《蝇王》戈尔丁11 《爱丽丝漫游仙境》/查尔斯?勒特维奇?道奇森12. 《金银岛》/罗伯特·路易斯·斯蒂文森13. 《红字》/霍桑14.《汤姆叔叔的小屋》/斯托夫人15.《汤姆·索亚历险记》/马克·吐温其他作品《哈克贝利芬历险记》16.《马丁·伊登》/杰克·伦敦其他作品《野性的呼唤》17.《嘉丽妹妹》/德莱塞其他作品《珍妮姑娘》18.《了不起的盖茨比》/菲茨杰拉德19《喧哗与骚动》/福克纳20. 《老人与海》/海明威其他作品《丧钟为谁而鸣》、《永别了,武器》、《乞力马扎罗的雪》、《太阳照常升起》21.《白鲸》/麦尔维尔22.《飘》/米切尔23.《愤怒的葡萄》/斯坦培克24.《麦田里的守望者》/塞林格25.《第二十二条军规》/海勒26《隐身人》/ H.L.威尔斯27《喜福会》/谭恩美28《大地》/赛珍珠29《第二十二条军规》/海勒30《欲望号街车》/田纳西·威廉斯31《他们的眼睛望着上帝》/赫斯顿32《哈姆雷特》/莎士比亚其他作品《奥赛罗》,《李尔王》,《麦克白》《威尼斯商人》、《无事生非》、《皆大欢喜》、《第十二夜》《罗密欧与朱丽叶》《仲夏夜之梦》33. 《小妇人》/路易莎·奥尔科特34《爱玛》简-奥斯汀35《茶花女》/小仲马36.《欧也妮·葛朗台》/巴尔扎克37.《基督山伯爵》/大仲马38《海底两万里》儒勒·凡尔纳39.《荆棘鸟》/麦卡洛40.《红与黑》/司汤达。
专业的英美文学经典
专业的英美文学经典英美文学经典作为世界文学的瑰宝,不仅代表了英美文化的传承和发展,更是人类智慧的结晶。
本文将深入探讨几部专业的英美文学经典作品,探索它们的内涵和社会意义。
1. 威廉·莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》《哈姆雷特》是威廉·莎士比亚最著名的戏剧之一,被誉为世界戏剧史上最伟大的作品之一。
它以丹麦王子哈姆雷特为主角,探索了复仇、道德和疯狂等主题。
通过对人性的深刻剖析,揭示了人类内心的复杂性和社会伦理的挑战。
该剧不仅具有极高的艺术价值,还对后世文学、戏剧和思想产生了深远影响。
2. 简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》《傲慢与偏见》是英国作家简·奥斯汀的代表作,被视为英国浪漫主义文学的杰作之一。
它以女主角伊丽莎白·班内特为中心,描绘了19世纪英国上流社会的追逐、婚姻和自由选择等问题。
作品深入剖析了社会阶级、财富和爱情之间的复杂纠葛,以及智慧与偏见之间的冲突。
《傲慢与偏见》通过幽默洞察力和优雅的叙事风格,展示了奥斯汀对封建社会的批判和女性独立精神的赞美。
3. 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德的《了不起的盖茨比》《了不起的盖茨比》被视为美国现代主义文学的经典之作。
它以20世纪20年代的美国为背景,以主人公杰·盖茨比的追求美国梦故事为主线,探讨了权力、金钱和梦想的主题。
该小说通过对人们空虚和追求虚假幸福的揭示,暗示了虚荣和道德堕落在现代社会中的危害。
《了不起的盖茨比》以其独特的叙事风格和精彩的描写,揭示了无尽欲望下人性的脆弱和社会的深层矛盾。
4. 简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》《傲慢与偏见》是英国作家简·奥斯汀的代表作,被视为英国浪漫主义文学的杰作之一。
它以女主角伊丽莎白·班内特为中心,描绘了19世纪英国上流社会的追逐、婚姻和自由选择等问题。
作品深入剖析了社会阶级、财富和爱情之间的复杂纠葛,以及智慧与偏见之间的冲突。
《傲慢与偏见》通过幽默洞察力和优雅的叙事风格,展示了奥斯汀对封建社会的批判和女性独立精神的赞美。
英美文学选读复习资料
英美文学选读复习资料英美文学选读复习资料一、英国文学1、文艺复兴时期:莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》等,以及弥尔顿的《失乐园》。
2、17世纪:约翰·多恩的玄学派诗歌,以及约翰·班扬的《天路历程》。
3、18世纪:启蒙时期,亨利·菲尔丁和理查逊的小说,以及亚历山大·蒲柏的讽刺诗歌。
4、19世纪:浪漫主义时期,包括拜伦、雪莱、济慈等人的诗歌,以及简·奥斯汀、爱米莉·勃朗特等的小说。
5、维多利亚时期:查尔斯·狄更斯、乔治·艾略特、托马斯·哈代等作家的小说,以及马修·阿诺德、约翰·罗斯金等人的诗歌。
二、美国文学1、浪漫主义时期:包括华盛顿·欧文的《睡谷传说》、爱伦·坡的短篇小说、以及纳撒尼尔·霍桑的《红字》。
2、现实主义时期:包括马克·吐温的《汤姆·索亚历险记》、亨利·詹姆斯的小说、以及艾米莉·狄金森的诗歌。
3、20世纪:包括F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德的《了不起的盖茨比》、欧内斯特·海明威的《老人与海》、杰克·凯鲁亚克的《在路上》等文学作品。
三、文学术语和概念1、象征主义:通过象征性的符号或形象来表达某种思想或情感。
2、叙事视角:从特定的角度来描述故事,常见的有第一人称、第二人称、第三人称等。
3、意象主义:通过形象和比喻来表达情感和思想。
4、文艺复兴:欧洲历史上的一次文化运动,强调人文主义和古希腊罗马文化。
5、玄学派:17世纪英国的一种文学流派,强调诗歌中的哲学思考和神秘主义。
6、悲剧:一种戏剧类型,通常表现英雄人物的悲惨命运。
7、喜剧:一种戏剧类型,通常表现幽默、讽刺等轻松愉快的主题。
8、自然主义:一种文学流派,强调对自然和社会现实的客观描写。
9、超验主义:一种哲学思想,强调个人经验和直觉,反对传统权威。
专业的英美文学作品
专业的英美文学作品英美文学作为世界文学的重要组成部分,拥有丰富多彩的作品和独特的文化魅力。
本文将从不同时期和不同流派的角度,介绍一些经典的英美文学作品,让读者对这一领域有更深入的了解。
一、十六世纪的英国文学1.《哈姆雷特》(Hamlet)莎士比亚的作品可谓英国文学的瑰宝,在众多作品中,《哈姆雷特》被公认为他最伟大的戏剧之一。
该剧以丹麦王子哈姆雷特的复仇故事为背景,兼具悲剧与喜剧元素,以及丰富的思辨和哲学内涵。
它深入探讨了心理、道德和命运等主题。
2.《亨利五世》(Henry V)这是莎士比亚创作的历史剧中的一部,以英格兰国王亨利五世为主角,叙述了他对法国的战争征服。
剧中描绘了亨利五世的领导能力和魅力,同时也探讨了战争和英雄主义的议题。
二、十九世纪的英国文学1.《呼啸山庄》(Wuthering Heights)埃米莉·勃朗特创作的《呼啸山庄》是一部浪漫主义小说,以爱情、复仇和社会等题材为主线。
故事讲述了两个家族之间的恩怨情仇,深入剖析人性的复杂性和情感的痛苦。
2.《简·爱》(Jane Eyre)夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简·爱》被誉为女性文学的经典之作。
这是一本成长小说,以女主角简·爱的生平和她与罗切斯特爵士之间的爱情为主线。
小说中不仅探讨了社会地位和性别的问题,还表达了女性追求独立和尊严的意愿。
三、二十世纪的美国文学1.《了不起的盖茨比》(The Great Gatsby)F·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德的《了不起的盖茨比》是美国现代主义文学的代表作之一。
小说以20世纪20年代的美国社会为背景,描述了主人公盖茨比为了追寻爱情和社会地位所付出的努力和痛苦。
作品对美国梦和社会虚伪性进行了深入的揭示。
2.《杀死一只知更鸟》(To Kill a Mockingbird)哈珀·李的《杀死一只知更鸟》是美国文学史上的经典之作。
小说以南方小镇的种族歧视为背景,通过一个女孩的视角展示了对种族和社会不公正的批判。
自考 英美文学选读 书单
自考英美文学选读书单自考英美文学选读书单是一份精选的文学作品清单,涵盖了英美文学的经典之作。
下面将为大家介绍其中一些著名的作品。
第一本书是《傲慢与偏见》,这是简·奥斯汀的代表作之一。
小说以英国乡村为背景,讲述了伊丽莎白·班纳特与达西先生之间的爱情故事。
通过对社交等级、道德观念和婚姻观念的揭示,描绘了18世纪英国社会的种种现象。
第二本书是《呼啸山庄》,这是艾米莉·勃朗特的代表作之一。
小说以英格兰北部的荒野为背景,讲述了希斯克利夫和卡瑟琳之间复杂的爱恨情仇。
小说展现了人性的复杂性和对爱情的追求,同时也探讨了社会等级、阶级差异和道德观念等话题。
第三本书是《威尼斯商人》,这是威廉·莎士比亚的著名戏剧作品之一。
该剧以威尼斯为背景,讲述了商人安东尼奥与犹太人财主夏洛克的纠葛。
作品涉及了信任、友谊、爱情和复仇等主题,对人性和社会关系进行了深入的探讨。
第四本书是《鲁滨逊漂流记》,这是丹尼尔·笛福的经典之作。
故事讲述了鲁滨逊在海上遭遇风暴后被困在一个无人岛上,他靠着自己的智慧和勇气生存下来,并最终成功返回文明世界。
小说通过对人性、孤独和生存意义的思考,探讨了人与自然的关系。
第五本书是《傻乎乎与傻呵呵》,这是马克·吐温的代表作之一。
小说通过讲述汉克·摩根和吉姆·卡特的冒险故事,揭示了人性的善恶、社会的虚伪和对自由的追求。
作品以幽默和讽刺的方式展现了美国南方社会的种种现象。
以上是自考英美文学选读书单中的一些经典之作,每本书都有其独特的主题和意义。
通过阅读这些作品,我们可以更好地了解英美文学的发展历程和人性的复杂性。
希望大家通过阅读这些经典之作,能够获得更多的思考和启发。
近50年英美文学作品
在近50年的英美文学作品中,我们可以选择一些经典的文学作品进行介绍。
这些作品包括但不限于:1. 《傲慢与偏见》(简·奥斯汀):这是一部经典的英国小说,讲述了一个关于婚姻的故事。
作者以幽默和机智的笔触描绘了当时英国社会的生活和习俗,以及对爱情的思考。
2. 《麦田里的守望者》(J.D. Salinger):这是一部美国小说,是J.D. Salinger的代表作之一。
它是一部反映青少年心理的小说,通过对主人公的内心世界的描绘,展现了作者对社会的深刻思考。
3. 《1984》(乔治·奥威尔):这是一部反乌托邦小说,讲述了一个极权主义国家对人民的控制和压迫。
作者通过对未来的描绘,对自由和民主的追求进行了深刻的反思。
4. 《杀死一只知更鸟》(哈珀·李):这是一部反映种族歧视和社会正义的小说,通过主人公的成长经历,展现了社会的不公和歧视给人们带来的伤害。
5. 《看不见的城市》(伊塔洛·卡尔维诺):这是一部意大利小说,是卡尔维诺的代表作之一。
它是一部充满想象力和哲理的作品,通过对城市的描绘,探讨了人类对物质和精神的追求。
6. 《安琪莉可》(莉莉斯·杜布吕):这是一部法国小说,通过描绘一个女性角色的成长和探索,展现了女性主义的思想和价值观。
7. 《百年孤独》(加西亚·马尔克斯):这是一部哥伦比亚小说,是拉丁美洲魔幻现实主义的代表作之一。
它通过描述一个家族的兴衰,反映了拉丁美洲的历史和文化。
8. 《雨王汉森》(亨利·米勒):这是一部美国小说,通过主人公的自我探索和反叛精神,展现了作者对自由和性的追求。
以上这些作品代表了近50年来英美文学的不同风格和主题,从爱情婚姻、青少年心理、反乌托邦、种族歧视、哲理思考、女性主义、历史文化和自我探索等方面展现了文学的多样性和深刻性。
这些作品不仅在文学上具有很高的价值,同时也对人们的思想和价值观产生了深远的影响。
当然,这只是近50年来英美文学作品的冰山一角,还有很多优秀的作品值得我们去阅读和欣赏。
英美文学经典作品
英美文学经典作品英美文学经典作品是人类文明的瑰宝,代表了英美文学的顶峰成就,为读者提供了深刻的思考和丰富的阅读体验。
这些作品涵盖了各个时期和风格,从中我们可以感受到文学的力量和作者的智慧。
下面将介绍一些英美文学经典作品,以及它们对文学和社会的重要意义。
1.《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice)- 简·奥斯汀(Jane Austen)《傲慢与偏见》是英国小说家简·奥斯汀的代表作,也是一部浪漫主义小说的经典之作。
该小说以19世纪英国社会为背景,通过主人公伊丽莎白·班内特与达西先生之间的爱情故事,揭示了傲慢与偏见对人们的影响以及人性的复杂性。
这部小说以幽默和机智的笔法,对社会习俗和女性地位进行了精彩的讽刺和批评。
它对英国文学的发展、女性地位和婚姻观念产生了深远的影响。
2.《了不起的盖茨比》(The Great Gatsby)- F. 斯科特·菲茨杰拉德(F. Scott Fitzgerald)《了不起的盖茨比》是20世纪美国跨时代的作品,被誉为美国文学的经典之一。
该小说以20世纪20年代的美国社会为背景,通过对主人公盖茨比的塑造,揭示了美国梦的虚妄和堕落。
菲茨杰拉德以精湛的笔法再现了繁荣与沉溺并存的年代风貌,以及人性中普遍的欲望和迷失。
这部小说深刻地反映了资本主义社会的缺陷和道德虚无,对美国文学以及社会文化产生了巨大的影响。
3.《唐吉诃德》(Don Quixote)- 米格尔·德·塞万提斯(Miguel de Cervantes)《唐吉诃德》是西班牙文学史上最重要的作品之一,也是世界文学的巅峰之作。
它以冒险小说的形式,讲述了唐吉诃德骑士和他的忠实仆人桑乔·潘萨的故事。
小说通过唐吉诃德对理想与现实的对抗,对社会的批判和人性的思考,表达了作者对全人类的关切。
《唐吉诃德》不仅深刻探讨了个人意志与世俗现实的冲突,还涉及了社会伦理、人性和文化现象等多个层面的问题。
英美文学作品书单
英美文学作品书单一、莎士比亚戏剧作品莎士比亚是英美文学史上最伟大的戏剧家之一,他的作品被广泛翻译和演出,对后世文学产生了深远影响。
其中一些经典戏剧作品包括《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《哈姆雷特》、《李尔王》等。
这些作品不仅展示了人性的复杂性和悲剧的主题,还揭示了权力、爱情和道德等重要议题。
二、简·奥斯汀小说简·奥斯汀是英国文学史上最重要的女作家之一,她以描写社交生活和家庭关系而闻名。
奥斯汀的小说作品充满了幽默和聪明的观察力,深入剖析了当时社会的种种问题。
其中最受欢迎的作品包括《傲慢与偏见》、《理智与情感》等,这些作品具有浪漫的情节和精细的人物刻画。
三、查尔斯·狄更斯的小说查尔斯·狄更斯是19世纪英国最重要的小说家之一,他的作品揭示了当时社会的不公正和不平等。
狄更斯的小说作品具有深刻的社会意义和人道主义精神,其中最著名的作品包括《雾都孤儿》、《双城记》等。
这些作品以其复杂的情节和丰富的人物塑造,引人入胜地描绘了当时英国社会的各个层面。
四、海明威的小说欧内斯特·海明威是20世纪美国文学的重要代表,他的作品以简洁明快的语言和强烈的情感吸引了读者。
海明威的小说作品涉及战争、爱情和人生哲学等主题,其中最著名的作品包括《老人与海》、《丧钟为谁而鸣》等。
这些作品通过真实而生动的描写,深入探讨了人类存在的意义和挑战。
五、弗朗茨·卡夫卡的小说弗朗茨·卡夫卡是捷克裔德国作家,他的作品以其独特的风格和主题而著称。
卡夫卡的小说作品探讨了人类存在的绝望和孤独,反映了现代社会的荒诞和无力感。
其中最著名的作品包括《城堡》、《变形记》等。
这些作品以其深邃的思考和象征性的叙事,引发了读者对人类存在的深思。
六、弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的小说弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫是20世纪英美文学的重要代表之一,她的作品以其独特的流畅叙述和内心独白而著称。
伍尔夫的小说作品涉及女性问题、性别角色和自我意识等主题,其中最著名的作品包括《到灯塔去》、《达洛维夫人》等。
英美文学流派与作家知识点整理
英美文学流派与作家知识点整理英美文学源远流长,在其发展历程中涌现出了众多的文学流派和杰出作家,这些流派和作家的作品不仅反映了当时的社会、文化和历史背景,也展现了人类思想和情感的丰富多样性。
以下是对一些重要的英美文学流派与作家的知识点整理。
一、浪漫主义文学浪漫主义文学兴起于 18 世纪末至 19 世纪初,强调个人情感、想象力和自然的重要性。
(一)英国浪漫主义作家1、威廉·华兹华斯(William Wordsworth)他是英国浪漫主义诗歌的先驱之一,其作品强调对自然的热爱和对普通人生活的关注。
代表作有《抒情歌谣集》(Lyrical Ballads)。
2、塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治(Samuel Taylor Coleridge)他的诗作充满奇幻的想象和神秘的元素,《古舟子咏》(The Rime of the Ancient Mariner)是其经典之作。
3、乔治·戈登·拜伦(George Gordon Byron)拜伦以其奔放的激情和叛逆的精神著称,作品有《唐璜》(Don Juan)等。
4、珀西·比希·雪莱(Percy Bysshe Shelley)雪莱的诗歌富有理想主义和革命精神,《西风颂》(Ode to theWest Wind)广为流传。
(二)美国浪漫主义作家1、华盛顿·欧文(Washington Irving)他的作品具有浓厚的地方色彩和幽默风格,《瑞普·凡·温克尔》(Rip Van Winkle)是其代表作。
2、詹姆斯·费尼莫·库珀(James Fenimore Cooper)以描写边疆生活和印第安人而闻名,《皮袜子故事集》(The Leatherstocking Tales)是其重要作品。
二、现实主义文学现实主义文学在 19 世纪中叶兴起,注重真实地反映社会现实和生活。
(一)英国现实主义作家1、查尔斯·狄更斯(Charles Dickens)狄更斯的作品生动描绘了英国社会底层人民的生活,如《雾都孤儿》(Oliver Twist)、《大卫·科波菲尔》(David Copperfield)。
英美文学选读要点整理
英美文学选读要点整理英美文学是指主要产生于英国和美国的文学作品。
这些作品普遍被认为是世界文学史上的经典之作,它们不仅反映了当时人们的思想、风俗和历史背景,而且对后世的文学创作和思想影响深远。
本文将对英美文学的一些经典作品和代表人物展开介绍,以便读者了解基本要点。
一、莎士比亚戏剧威廉·莎士比亚是英国文学中最伟大的戏剧家之一,他的戏剧作品为后世文学创作和人类思想发展做出了重要贡献。
《哈姆雷特》、《麦克白》、《李尔王》、《奥赛罗》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等都是经典之作,其传世的主题和人物追求真理、权力、爱情、自由等,至今仍然在全球范围内广为演出和阅读。
二、乔治·爱留信的小说乔治·爱留信是19世纪英国小说的代表人物之一,她的作品关注现实、自由与平等等问题,无论在文学、政治、社会观点上均有着极高的分量。
《简爱》、《呼啸山庄》、《租户人生》等作品都曾引发社会议题的讨论,一些作品甚至被认为标志着英国小说的“新浪潮”。
三、查尔斯·狄更斯的小说查尔斯·狄更斯是19世纪英国最著名的小说家之一,他的作品关注社会中下层人民的生活、权利和不公平,以及对社会的批判。
他的作品被认为是英国小说的巅峰之一,如《呼啸山庄》、《人间喜剧》等均建立了极高的声誉。
四、海明威的小说海明威是20世纪美国最著名的小说家之一,他的作品具有天才的文学技巧和特立独行的风格。
《老人与海》、《太阳也辉煌》、《对一个没有人问津的人说话》等作品,都标志着他的文学成就。
他的作品关注人物的生命意义,对现代文化产生了深远的影响。
五、弗兰纳·奥康纳的短篇小说弗兰纳·奥康纳是20世纪美国南方最著名的小说家之一,她的短篇小说关注信仰、教育和人的本性等问题。
她的作品以强烈的宗教信仰和犀利的文学抨击而著名,如《下海湾》、《一朵草地》、《歌者猝死》等作品,刻画出各种虚伪、愚昧和堕落的形象。
英美文学资料整理
弗朗西斯·斯科特·基·菲茨杰拉德(英语:Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald,1896年9月24日-1940年12月21日),简称斯科特·菲茨杰拉德,是一位美国长篇小说、短篇小说作家,也是20世纪最伟大的美国作家之一。
弗朗西斯·斯科特·基·菲茨杰拉德最著名的小说为《了不起的盖茨比》,此书堪称美国社会缩影的经典代表,描述1920年代美国人在歌舞升平中空虚、享乐、矛盾的精神与思想。
费滋杰罗一生为两样东西所困:一是才华,一是金钱,他都曾一度拥有,最后又全部失去。
他死的时候,评论家都批评他生活腐化、自暴自弃,所以短寿,浪费了自己的才华。
费滋杰罗一生总共写了4部长篇小说,150篇短篇小说。
主要作品:人间天堂the side of paradise 夜色温柔ender is the night 了不起的盖茨比剧本:《美女和被诅咒的人》、《伟大的盖茨比》、《生死同心》、《女人》、《乱世佳人》、《居里夫人》、《夜色温柔》《我最后一次见到巴黎》、《绮梦初艳》等长篇小说:《人间天堂》(1920)、《美丽与毁灭》(1922)、《了不起的盖茨比》(1925)、《夜色温柔》(1934)、《最后一个大亨》(1941)等短篇小说:《本杰明·巴顿奇事》(《返老还童》)《冰宫》《冬天的梦》《赦免》《明智之事》、《伯妮斯理发》《水果软糖》《梦幻的残片》《重返巴比伦》《富家子弟》《宝贝派对》《最后一个南方女郎》《魅力》《骆驼的背脊》《哦,红发女巫》《残火》等短篇小说集:《飞女郎与哲学家》(1920)、《爵士时代的故事》(1922)《那些忧伤的年轻人》(1926)、《早晨的起床号》(1935)等[1]时代与创作:美国历史上一个特殊的年代。
“这是一个奇迹的时代,一个艺术的时代,一个挥金如土的时代,也是一个充满嘲讽的时代。
”菲茨杰拉德称这个时代为“爵士乐时代”,他自己也因此被称为爵士乐时代的“编年史家”和“桂冠诗人”。
英美文学资料汇总精选
一,中世纪文学(约5世纪---1485)1. 英国最初的文学是口头的。
2. 5世纪中叶,盎格鲁,撒克逊,朱特三个日耳曼部落开始从丹麦以及现在的荷兰一带地区迁入不列颠。
3. 盎格鲁,撒克逊时代最重要的一部古英语文学作品是《贝奥武夫》,它被认为是英国的民族史诗。
主题:反映了7、8世纪不列颠的生活风貌,呈现出新旧生活方式的混合,兼有氏族时期的英雄主义的封建时期的理想,体现了非基督日耳曼文化和基督教文化两种不同的传统。
4. 1066年,威廉公爵率领法国的诺曼底人,征服英格兰。
法国文化占据主导地位,法语成为宫廷和上层贵族社会的语言。
5.1066年阶段这一时期的文学形式是浪漫传奇。
典型是亚瑟王和圆桌骑士的故事。
6. 传奇文学(主人公:高贵的骑士的冒险和爱情故事)是英国封建社会发展到成熟阶段的一种社会理想的体现。
7. 14世纪以后,英语开始恢复使用,杰弗里乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer,1343-1400)的出现标志着以本土文学为主流的英国书面文学历史的开始。
乔叟首创英雄诗行,即五步抑扬格双韵体,被誉为“英国诗歌之父”。
他推动了英语作为英国统一的民族语言的进程。
二:文艺复兴时期文学(15世纪后期----17世纪初)1.英国的文艺复兴发生在15世纪末。
2.文艺复兴时期的思想体系是人文主义:以人为本,反对中世纪以神为中心的世界观,提倡积极进取、享受现世欢乐的生活理想。
3.该时期典型人物:英国托马斯莫尔(Thomas More,1478--1535),作品《乌托邦》(Utopia),内容:社会平等,财产公有,人们和谐相处的理想国。
4.《乌托邦》(Utopia)开创了英国哲理幻想小说传统的先河。
5.该时期典型人物:埃德蒙斯宾塞(Edmund Spenser,1552--1599)的长诗《仙后》(The Faerie Queen),主题歌颂女王,宣扬人文主义思想。
文学特色:创造了有音乐性的“斯宾塞诗体”(Spens—erian)。
必读英美文学经典作品20本
必读英美文学经典作品20本American Literature1、The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Howthorne《红字》霍桑著小说惯用象征手法,人物、情节和语言都颇具主观想象色彩,在描写中又常把人的心理活动和直觉放在首位。
因此,它不仅是美利坚合众国浪漫主义小说的代表作,同时也被称作是美利坚合众国心理分析小说的开创篇。
2、The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain《哈克贝利.芬历险记》简称《赫克》是美国文学中的珍品,也是美国文化中的珍品。
十六年前【1984】 ,美国文坛为《赫克》出版一百周年举行了广泛的庆祝活动和学术讨论,也出版了一些研究马克吐温,特别是他的《赫克》的专著。
专门为一位大作家的一本名著而举行如此广泛的纪念和专门的研究,这在世界文坛上也是少有的盛事。
这是因为《赫克》的意义不一般. 美国著名作家海明威说, "一切现代美国文学来自一本书, 即马克吐温的《赫克尔贝里芬历险记》……这是我们所有书中最好的。
一切美国文学都来自这本书,在它之前,或在它之后,都不曾有过能与之媲美的作品。
3、The Portrait of a Lady by Henry James 《贵妇画像》亨利.詹姆斯著】美国小说家亨利·詹姆斯的《贵妇画像》自问世以来一直受到文学评论界的关注,专家学者已从各个不同角度对女主人伊莎贝尔·阿切尔作了深入细致的研究。
本文试图从一个全新的视角,即跨文化交际角度,剖析伊莎贝尔在婚姻方面所作的选择。
文章指出她是该小说中跨文化交际的最大失败者,并对其失败原因作了分析。
希望在跨文化交际日益频繁的今天我们都能从伊莎贝尔的生活经历中得到某种启发。
4.Moby Dick by Herman Melville 《白鲸》麦尔维尔著小说描写了亚哈船长为了追逐并杀死白鲸莫比·迪克的经历,最终与白鲸同归于尽的故事。
英美文学选读
英美文学选读引言英美文学是世界文学发展的重要组成部分,涵盖了众多经典作品和文学流派。
本文档将介绍一些值得阅读的英美文学作品,并对其背景、主题和影响进行探讨。
一、莎士比亚戏剧莎士比亚的戏剧作品被公认为英美文学的巅峰之作。
其中,《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《麦克白》等作品被奉为经典。
莎士比亚的戏剧作品不仅在当时英国引起了轰动,而且至今仍被广泛上演,深受观众的喜爱。
二、19世纪小说19世纪是英美文学史上最辉煌的时期之一。
狄更斯的《雾都孤儿》、奥斯丁的《傲慢与偏见》和斯托夫人的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》等作品成为了经典。
这些小说以其生动的人物形象、独特的叙事风格和深刻的社会洞察力而闻名。
它们不仅展示了19世纪英美社会的方方面面,还探讨了人性、阶级和爱情等主题。
三、20世纪现代派文学20世纪是现代派文学的重要时期,包括了许多著名的英美作家。
弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的《至灯前行》、詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》以及托马斯·皮金斯的《独自漫步,散步的艺术》都是这一时期的代表作品。
现代派文学尝试突破传统叙事形式,以流畅的笔触和创新的结构风格展示复杂的思想和情感。
四、美国南方文学美国南方文学是美国文学的重要分支,展现了当地特有的历史、文化和社会风貌。
马克·吐温的《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》、威廉·菲克纳的《喧哗与骚动》以及哈珀·李的《杀死一只知更鸟》都是美国南方文学的代表作品。
这些作品描绘了南方地区的种族关系、社会格局和道德观念,带有浓厚的叙事风格和深入人心的主题。
五、现代主义文学现代主义文学是20世纪英美文学的重要流派,以其复杂的叙事结构、意义的多重解读和对传统文学规范的挑战而著称。
提琴塔·拉马瑞斯的《荒原》、詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》和T·S·艾略特的《荒原》都是现代主义文学的经典作品。
这些作品充满了象征主义、意象主义和流派交融的特点,对读者提出了复杂的思考和理解挑战。
英美文学名著100部
英美文学名著100部1. Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire - JK Rowling2. The Hobbit - J R R Tolkien3. The Bible4. The Da Vinci Code - Dan Brown5. Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban - JK Rowling6. The Official Highway Code - Department for Transport7. The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe - CS Lewis8. Fifty Shades of Grey - E L James9. To Kill a Mockingbird - Harper Lee10. Lord of the Rings: Return of the King - JRR Tolkein11. Pride and Prejudice - Jane Austen12. Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers - JRR Tolkein13. Jamie's 30 minute meals - Jamie Oliver14. The BFG - Roald Dahl15. Great Expectations - Charles Dickens16. The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Douglas Adams17. Animal Farm - George Orwell18. 1984 - George Orwell19. The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo - Stieg Larsson20. Bridget Jones's Diary - Helen Fielding21. Little Women - Louisa May Alcott22. Romeo and Juliet - William Shakespeare23. Dracula - Bram Stoker24. The Secret Garden -Frances Hodgson Burnett25. George's Marvellous Medicine - Roald Dahl26. Time Travellers Wife - Audrey Niffenegger27. The Hunger Games - Suzanne Collins28. The Catcher in the Rye - J.D Salinger29. David Copperfield - Charles Dickens30. Lovely Bones - Alice Sebold31. The Picture of Dorian Gray - Oscar Wilde32. Emma - Jane Austen33. Lord of the Flies - William Golding34. The Story of Tracy Beaker - Jacqueline Wilson35. The shining - Stephen King36. Confessions of a shopaholic - Sophie Kinsella37. Game of Thrones - George R R Martin38. Life of Pi - Yann Martel39. Memoirs of a Geisha - Arthur Golden40. Far from the Madding Crowd - Thomas Hardy41. The Magic Faraway Tree - Enid Blyton42. Silence of the Lambs - Thomas Harris43. My Sisters keeper - Jodi Picoult44. Is It Just Me? - Miranda Hart45. Mort - Terry Pratchett46. One Day - David Nicholls47. The Kite Runner - Khaled Hosseini48. Moby Dick - Herman Neville49. My Booky Wook - Russell Brand50. The Godfather - Mario Puzo51. The Perks of Being a Wallflower - Stephen Chbosky52. Wolf Hall - Hilary Mantel53. Brief history of time - Stephen Hawking54. Men are from Mars Women are from Venus - John Gray55. Kane and Abel - Jeffrey Archer56. America Psycho - Bret Easton-Ellis57. Artemis Fowl - Eoin Colfer58. Diary of Wimpy Kid - Jeff Kinney59. Gone Girl - Gillian Flynn60. The Princess Diaries - Meg Cabot61. Life and Laughing - Michael McIntyre62. Wonders of the Universe - Brian Cox63. Call The Midwife: A True Story of the East End in the 1950's - Jennifer Worth64. On The Road - Jack Kerouac65. Being Jordan - Katie Price66. Bradley Wiggins: An Autobiography - Bradley Wiggins67. Cloud Atlas - David Mitchell68. Secret diary of a call girl - Belle de Jour69. How to be a Woman - Caitlin Moran70. The Casual Vacancy - JK Rowling71. Riders - Jilly Cooper72. The Pillars of the Earth - Ken Follet73. Blood of Dragons - Robin Hobb74. David Walliams - Mr Stink75. Me Before You - Jojo Moyes76. Frank Skinner - By Frank Skinner77. World War Z - Max Brooks78. A thousand Splendid Suns - Khaled Hosseini79. 12th of Never - James Patterson80. We can remember it for you wholesale –Phillip K Dick81. The Snail and the Whale - Julia Donaldson82. Steve Jobs: The Exclusive Biography - Walter Isaacson83. Still Standing: The Savage Years - Paul O'Grady84. Bring up the Bodies - Hilary Mantel85. The Insider - Piers Morgan86. Football - Bloody Hell! - Alex Ferguson87. The Hundred-Year-Old Man who Climbed out of the Window and Disappeared - Jonas Jonasson88. A Street Cat Named Bob - James Bowen89. My Animals and Other Family - Clare Balding90. The James Bond Archives - Paul Duncan91. Entwined With You - Sylvia Day92. Running My Life - Seb Coe93. Ratburger - David Walliams94. The Snow Child - Eowyn Ivey95. Over the Moon: My Autobiography - David Essex96. Honest: My Story So Far - Tulisa Contostavlos97. Looking for Alaska - John Green98. The Autobiography of Jack the Ripper - James Carnac99. Eloise - Judy Finnigan100. The Hare with Amber Eyes: A Hidden Inheritance - Edmund de Waal。
(完整word版)英美文学知识点总结(适用于英语专八)
Old English Literature 古英语文学(450-1066年)Beowulf (贝奥武甫)---The first English national epic中世纪英语文学(1066-1500)Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟,c. 1343–1400) was an English poet. He is remembered for his The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》, called the father of English litera ture“英国文学之父”William Langland (朗格兰,1330?-1400?),the author of the 14th-century English long narrative poem Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》.文艺复兴(16-17世纪)William Shakespeare (莎士比亚,1564-1616), English poet and playwright, his surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems Venus and Adonis 《维拉斯和阿多尼斯》The Rape of Lucrece.《鲁克丽丝受辱记》Shakespeare’s greatest works:greatest tragedies are King Lear 《李尔王》,Macbeth《麦克白》,Hamlet《哈姆雷特》, Othello 《奥赛罗》,Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》grea t comedies: A Midsumme r Night’s Dream《仲夏夜之梦》,As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》,The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》, Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》great historical plays: Richard III 《理查三世》,Henry IV 《亨利四世》, Henry V 《亨利五世》, Henry VII 《亨利八世》John Milton (弥尔顿, 1608-1674)was an English poet and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England. He is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost《失乐园》, Paradise Regained《复乐园》Samson 《力士参孙》.18世纪文学和新古典主义Alexander Pope (浦柏,1688-1744 ) is generally regarded as the greatest English poet of the eighteenth century, best known for his satirical epigram 讽刺隽语and heroic couplet英雄双韵体.His major works include mock epic satirical poem An Essay on Man 《人论》and An Essay on Criticism 《论批评》Daniel Defoe ( 笛福,1660—1731)was an English writer who gained enduring fame for his novel Robinson Crusoe《鲁滨逊漂流记》, spokesman for middle-class peopleHenry Fielding (菲尔丁, 1707 ---1754) ,an English novelist known for his novel:The History of Tom Jones.Jonathan Swift (斯威夫特,1667-1745), was an Anglo-Irish novelist, satirist. He is remembered for novel such as Gulliver’s Travels《格列佛游记》.Richard Sheridan ( 谢立丹,1751—1816), Irish playwright ,known for his satirical play School of Scandal(造谣学校). He was a represntative writer of Comedies of Manners.Laurence Sterne (斯特恩,1713—1768 ), an English novelist. He is best known for his novel Tristram Shandy (《商第传》).Oliver Goldsmith (哥尔德斯密斯,1728-1774)English novelist, known for his novel Vicar of Wakefield (《威克菲尔德牧师传记》)Thomas Gray (托马斯•格雷1716—1771 ),an English poet, author of Elegy Written in aCountry Churchyard(《墓畔哀歌》), writer of sentimentalism感伤派.浪漫主义(18世纪末19世纪初)William Blake (1757 –1827) was an English poet, best known for his poetical collections of Song of Innocence 《天真之歌》and Song of Experience《经验之歌》.William Wordsworth (1770-1850),a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their 1798 joint publication, Lyrical Ballads《抒情歌谣集》.Wordsworth‘s magnum opus is generally considered to be The Prelude《序曲》.Samuel Taylor Coleridge(柯勒律治, 1772 –1834) was an English poet who was, along with his friend William Wordsworth, one of the founders of the Romantic Movement in England and one of the Lake Poets. He is probably best known for his poems The Rime of the Ancient Mariner《古舟子颂》and Kubla Khan《忽必烈汗》George Gordon Byron (拜伦,1788—1824 )was a English poet and a leading figure in Romanticism.Amongst Byron‘s best-known works are his narrative poems Childe Harold‘s Pilgrimage 《哈罗尔德游记》and Don Juan《唐璜》Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792—1822) was one of the major English Romantic poets and is widely considered to be among the finest lyric poets in the English language. He is perhaps most famous for Ode to the West Wind《西风颂》, To a Skylark《致云雀》, Prometheus Unbound《解放了的普罗米修斯》.Mary Shelley (玛丽• 雪莱1797 –1851) was a British novelist best known for her Gothic novel Frankenstein 《弗兰肯斯坦》, considered as first science fictionJohn Keats ( 济慈, 1795—1821) was an English poet who became one of the principal poets of the English Romantic movement. His masterpieces such as Ode on a Grecian Urn 《希腊古瓮颂》and Ode to a Nightingale《夜莺颂》浪漫主义时期小说家Jane Austen (1775—1817) , was an English novelist. Her major novels include Sense and Sensibility (《理智与情感》), Pride and Prejudice (《傲慢与偏见》), Emma (《爱玛》). Walter Scott (司各特, 1771---1832), a prolific Scottish historical novelist . His major works is Ivanhoe《艾凡赫》Realism 现实主义时期(Victorian Age 维多利亚时期1837-1901)Bronte sisters 勃朗宁姐妹, Charlotte (夏洛蒂, 1816 – 1855), Emily (艾米丽, 1818 – 1848) and Anne (安妮, 1820 – 1849), were English writers of t he 1840s and 1850s. Charlotte‘s Jane Eyre 《简爱》, Emily’s Wuthering Heights 《呼啸山庄》and Anne's Agnes Grey《艾格妮斯·格雷》are masterpieces of English literature.George Elliot (乔治-爱略特,1819—1880 ) was an English novelist. She was one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. Her novels, largely set in provincial England. Her major novels include:The Mill on the Floss《佛洛斯河上的磨坊》Middlemarch《米德尔玛契》.Charles Dickens (1812–1870):one of the most popular English novelists of the Victorian era. His major novels include: A Tale of Two Cities 《双城记》,Oliver Twist 《奥利弗退斯特》,David Copperfield 《大卫科波菲尔德》, Great Expectation 《远大前程》, Hard Times 《艰难时世》William Makepeace Thackeray (萨克雷,1811—1863) was an English novelist of the 19th century. He was famous for his satirical works, particularly Vanity Fair《名利场》Mrs. Gaskell (盖斯凯尔夫人, 1810-1865)was an English novelist during the Victorian era. Her major novels include: Mary Barton 《玛丽• 巴顿》Thomas Hardy(哈代, 1840 – 1928) ,an English novelist of the naturalism自然主义. His major novels include: Tess of the d‘Urbervilles《德伯家的苔丝》Far from the Madding Crowd 《远离尘嚣》Jude the Obscure. 《无名的裘德》Most of his novels are set in Wessex(威塞克斯).现实主义时期诗歌Robert Browning (布朗宁, 1812–1889) was an English poet and playwright whose mastery of dramatic verse, especially dramatic monologues戏剧独白, made him one of the foremost Victorian poets.Alfred Tennyson (丁尼生,1809 – 1892) was Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom and remains one of the most popular English poets. Tennyson excelled at penning short lyrics, including "Break, break, break"Oscar Wilde (王尔德, 1854 – 1900)playwright and one novel, known for his aestheticism唯美主义(art for art’s sake为了艺术而艺术). His major plays include The Importance of Being Earnest《不可儿戏》; His major novel is The Picture of Dorian Gray《道林-格雷的画像》20世纪和现代主义Bernard Shaw (萧伯纳, 1856-1950), an Irish playwright, the greatest dramatist in English literature in the 20th century. He adhered to the tradition of realism, writing plays as a way to discuss social problems. He won Nobel Prize for literature in 1925. His major plays include, Mrs Warren’s Profession《华伦夫人的情人》, Major Barbara《芭芭拉少校》, Pygmalion 《皮革马力翁》and Saint Joan《圣女贞德》John Galsworthy (高尔斯华绥, 1867-1933) one of the most important novelists in the Early 20th century,a Nobel Prize winner. His major works is Forsyte Saga 《福尔赛世家》which comprises three novels:The Man of Property《有产业的人》, In Chancery《衡平法院》To Let 《出租》Joseph Conrad (康拉德, 1857-1932)Conrad was born in Poland and an English novelist. His major novels include Lord Jim 《吉姆爷》and The Heart of Darkness《黑暗的心》.James Joyce (乔伊斯, 1882-1941):An Irish born novelist, known for the technique of the stream of consciousness. His main works: Ulysses 《尤利西斯》;A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man ; 《青年艺术家的肖像》Finnegan’s Wake; 《芬尼根彻夜祭》Dubliners《都柏林人》E. M. Forster (福斯特, 1879-1970)an English novelist, A Passage to India 《印度之行》T.S. Eliot (T.S.艾略特, 1888-1965):American poet, best known for his poem The Waste Land 《荒原》, 1948 Nobel Prize winner for literature.David Herbert Lawrence (D.H.劳伦斯, 1885-1930),an English novelist. His most important novels are, Rainbow 《彩虹》and Sons and Lovers《儿子与情人》. He is the founder of stream of consciousness意识流.William Butler Yeats (叶芝, 1865-1939)an Irish poet and awarded Nobel Prize for literature in 1923. His major poems include Sailing to Byzantium《驶向拜占庭》and Leda and Swan《利达和天鹅》.Samuel Beckett (贝克特,1906-1989), an Irish dramatist and Nobel Prize winner for Literature. His masterpiece is Waiting for Godot《等待戈多》. He is the exponent of the theatre of the absurd 荒诞派戏剧.Iris Jean Murdoch (默多克, 1919-1999), English female novelist, her major novels include Black Prince《黑王子》, The Sea, the Sea《大海啊,大海》and Unicorn 《独角兽》Doris Lessing (莱辛, 1919--) is a British writer, author of works such as the novels The Grass is Singing. In 2007, Lessing won the Nobel Prize in Literature.Muriel Spark (斯帕克, 1918-2006)English female novelist, best known for her novel The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (1961) 《布罗迪小姐的青春》Virginia Woolf (伍尔夫, 1882-1941)Woolf is an exponent of modernism and one of the most important female novelists. Her major works include Mrs. Dalloway《达洛威夫人》, To the Lighthouse 《向灯塔去》.美国文学殖民地革命时期Benjamin Franklin (富兰克林, 1706-1790): one of American founding fathers (建国之父) Major works: Autobiography《自传》Poor Richard’s Almanack《穷人理查历书》Jonathan Edwards (爱德华兹,1703 –1758) was a colonial theologian and writer. His work is often associated with the Puritan heritage. His famous sermon "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God,"《落在忿怒之神手中的罪人》is credited for starting the First Great Awakening.Thomas Pain (潘恩, 1737-1809):British pamphleteer. Major works: Common Sense《常识》(1776)Federalists’ Papers《联邦党人文集》:Alexander Hamilton汉密尔顿John Jay杰伊James Madison曼迪逊浪漫主义时期Romantic Period(1790-1865):Earlier Romantic Period (1790-1830)Romantic Heyday (1830-1865)Earlier Romantic Period:Washington Irving (1783-1859)Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851)Washington Irving (华盛顿• 欧文, 1783-1859):American romantic novelist. He was best known for his short stories “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “Rip Van Winkle”, both of w hich appear in his book The Sketch Book《见闻札记》. Irving is the first American writer who gained international fame.James Fenimore Cooper (库珀, 1789-1851):American romantic novelist , best remembered for his Leatherstocking Tales 《皮袜子故事》(The Pioneer《拓荒者》, Deer Slayer《猎鹿者》, Pathfinder《探路人》, Prairie《大草原》, The Last of the Mohicans《最后的莫西干人》) featuring frontiersman Natty Bumppo.2) Romantic Heyday (1830-1865):Waldo Ralph EmersonHenry David ThoreauWalt WhitmanEmily DickinsonNathaniel HawthorneHerman MelvilleHarriet Beecher StoweEdgar Allan PoeTranscendentalists(超验主义):Waldo Ralph EmersonHenry David ThoreauWalt WhitmanWalt Whitman (惠特曼,1819-1882): American romantic poet, father of free verse(自由诗) , best known for his collection of poems Leaves of Grass 《草叶集》Waldo Ralph Emerson (爱默生,1803-1882): leader of the transcendentalism, his essay Nature 《论自然》is the manifesto of transcendentalism. his another essay The American Scholar《美国学者》is considered to be America's "Intellectual Declaration of Independence”.Henry David Thoreau (梭罗, 1817–1862) : American romantic writer best known for his book Walden《瓦尔登湖》, a reflection upon simple living.Herman Melville (麦尔维尔, 1819–1891) : American novelist, best known for his novel Moby-Dick《白鲸》Nathaniel Hawthorne (霍桑, 1804–1864): American novelist, best known for his four romances(传奇小说):The Scarlet Letter《红字》The House of the Seven Gables 《七个尖尖角的房子》The Blithedale Romance《福谷传奇》The Marble Faun《玉石人像》Emily Dickinson (狄金森,1830–1886) American poetess, whose poetry are concerned with life, death and immortality.Harriet Beecher Stowe (斯托尔夫人, 1811–1896 American female novelist, whose novel Uncle Tom‘s Cabin (1852) 《汤姆叔叔的小屋》attacked the cruelty of slavery.)Realism 现实主义Mark Twain (马克•吐温1835 –1910), American novelist. most noted for his novels The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (《汤姆索亚历险记》)and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 《哈克贝恩历险记》Life on the Mississippi River《密西西比河上的生活》Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur‘s Court 《亚瑟王朝的康涅狄克州的美国佬》The Gilded Age 《镀金时代》Henry James (亨利•詹姆斯1843-1916), American realist novelist, founder of international novel(国际题材小说)Important works:The American 《美国人》The Europeans 《欧洲人》The Portrait of a Lady 《贵妇画像》The Wings of the Dove 《鸽冀》The Ambassadors 《大使》The Golden Bowl 《金碗》O. Henry 欧亨利was the pen name of American novelist William Sydney Porter (1862 – 1910). O. Henry‘s short stories are well known for his short stories such as Cop and Anthem (《警察和赞美诗》) and Gift of Magie (《麦琪的礼物》)William Dean Howells (豪威尔斯, 1837 –1920) was an American realist novelist and literary critic. Major works include The Rise of Silas Lapham 《赛拉斯• 拉帕姆的发迹》Theodore Dreiser (德莱塞, 1871–1945) American novelist and journalist. He pioneered the naturalist school and is known for his novels Sister Carrie 《嘉莉妹妹》and An American Tragedy 《美国悲剧》and his desire trilogy《欲望三部曲》:The Financier 《金融家》The Titan 《巨头》The Stoic 《斯多葛》American Naturalist (自然主义)1) Stephen Crane 克莱恩2) Frank Norris 诺里斯3) Jack London 杰克-伦敦1) Stephen Crane (克莱恩, 1871–1900) was an American novelist. He won international acclaim for his 1895 Civil War novel The Red Badge of Courage《红色的英勇勋章》.2) Frank Norris (诺瑞斯1870–1902) American novelist. His notable works include McTeague 《麦克提格》, The Octopus《章鱼》3) Jack London (杰克• 伦敦, 1876–1916) American novelist, known for his novel Martin Eden 《马丁• 伊登》, The Call of the Wild 《野性的呼唤》.20世纪和现代主义-诗歌T.S. Eliot (T.S.艾略特, 1888-1965):American poet, best known for his poem The Waste Land 《荒原》, 1948 Nobel Prize winner for literature.Ezra Pound(庞德): American imagist poet意象派诗人, major poems include Cantos 《诗章》, Hugh Selwyn Maubery (莫伯里), Cathay (《华夏》translation of ancient Chinese poems) Robert Frost (弗罗斯特, 1874–1963)American poet. He is highly regarded for his realistic depictions of rural life in New England and his command of American colloquial speech. His work was first recognized in England and then in America.Wallace Stevens(斯蒂文斯, 1879-1955)American poet, best known for his poem Anecdote for the Jar and his emphasis on Imagination.Allen Ginsberg (金斯伯格, 1926-1997), American poet of Beat Generation (垮掉的一代), best known for his poem “Howl”《嚎》Ernest Hemingway (海明威, 1899—1961)American novelist. He was part of the 1920s expatriate community in Paris, and one of the veterans of World War I later known as "the Lost Generation". He received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. Major works:The Sun also Rises 《太阳照样升起》A Farewell to Arms 《永别了-武器》The Old Man and the Sea《老人与海》For Whom the Bell Tolls《丧钟为谁而鸣》“Meditation XVII”, an essay by metaphysical poet John Donne 多恩“any man's death dim inishes me, because I am involved in mankind, and therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; it tolls for thee.”Fitzgerald (菲茨杰拉德, 1896–1940) American writer of novels, whose works are evocative of the Jazz Age. Fitzgerald is considered a memb er of the “Lost Generation“. Most important worksis The Great Gatsby 《了不起的盖茨比》which represents the destruction of American dream. Lost Generation迷惘的一代:The 'Lost Generation' is a phrase made popular by American author Ernest Hemingway in his first published novel The Sun Also Rises. Figures identified with the "Lost Generation" include authors and poets Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ezra Pound, Sherwood Anderson, John Dos Passos.William Faulkner 福克纳: American novelist, winner of Nobel Prize for literature. Most of his works was set in an imaginary location named Yoknapatawpha. Major works include:The Sound and the Fury 《喧哗与骚动》Sartoris《家族小说》Go Down, Moses 《去吧,莫西》Light in August 《八月之光》Absalom, Absalom! 《押沙龙,押沙龙!》Sanctuary 《圣地》John Steinbeck (斯坦贝克, 1902–1968) American novelist, Nobel Prize winner. He is known for his novel The Grapes of Wrath《愤怒的葡萄》Saul Bellow(贝缕, 1915-2005)American novelist, Nobel Prize winner, best known for his novel such as The Adventures of Augie March,《奥吉•玛其历险记》Herzog, Seize the Day, Humboldt's GiftJames Baldwin (鲍德温, 1924-1987), black American novelist, best known for his novel Go Tell It on the Mountain 《向苍天呼吁》.Ralph Ellison (艾里森, 1913-1994), black American novelist, best known for his The Invisible Man 《看不见的人》Alex Harley (1936-1969), black American novelist, best known for his Roots 《根》Toni Morrison(莫里森, 1931-)Toni Morrison is a Nobel Prize-winning female American novelist. among the best known are her novels The Bluest Eye《最蓝的眼睛》and Beloved《宠儿》.20世纪戏剧家Eugene O‘Neil (尤金-奥尼尔, 1888-1953)American playwright, Nobel Prize winner, best known for his Long Day’s Journey Into Night《长夜漫漫路迢迢》, Beyond the Horizon 《天边外》,The Hairy Ape 《毛猿》Arthur Miller (亚瑟-米勒,1915-2005 ), American playwright, best known for his The Death of Salesman《推销员之死》Edward Albee (阿尔比1928---) is an American playwright best known for Who‘s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?(《谁怕弗吉尼亚伍尔夫》). His early works reflect a Americanization of the Theatre of the Absurd 荒诞派that found its peak in works by Irish playwrights such as Samuel Beckett贝克特.。
英美文学复习资料
英美文学复习资料英美文学复习资料英美文学是世界文学史上的重要组成部分,包含了许多经典的文学作品和作家。
通过复习英美文学,我们可以更好地了解西方文化和思想,同时也能够提升自己的语言表达能力和文学素养。
本文将为大家提供一些英美文学复习资料,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。
一、英国文学1. 莎士比亚的四大悲剧:《哈姆雷特》、《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》和《麦克白》。
这些作品被誉为世界文学的瑰宝,展现了莎士比亚独特的戏剧才华和对人性的深刻洞察。
2. 简·奥斯汀的小说:《傲慢与偏见》、《理智与情感》等。
奥斯汀以细腻的笔触和幽默的描写,刻画了当时英国社会的风貌和女性的处境,成为英国文学的代表作家之一。
3. 查尔斯·狄更斯的小说:《雾都孤儿》、《双城记》等。
狄更斯以其对社会问题的关注和对人性的揭示而闻名,他的作品揭示了当时英国社会的黑暗面,对社会改革产生了深远影响。
4. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的小说:《达洛维夫人》、《到灯塔去》等。
伍尔夫以其独特的意识流写作风格和对女性问题的关注,开创了现代主义小说的新篇章。
二、美国文学1. 马克·吐温的小说:《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》、《汤姆·索亚历险记》等。
吐温以其幽默风趣和对美国社会的讽刺洞察而受到广泛赞誉,他的作品展现了美国南方的风土人情和对奴隶制度的批判。
2. 埃米莉·迪金森的诗歌:迪金森的诗歌充满了哲思和深度,她以其独特的写作风格和对生死、爱情等主题的探索而成为美国文学的重要代表。
3. 威廉·福克纳的小说:《喧哗与骚动》、《押沙龙,押沙龙!》等。
福克纳以其复杂的叙事结构和对南方社会的描绘而被誉为美国文学的巨匠,他的作品展现了南方社会的衰落和黑暗。
4. 托尼·莫里森的小说:《亲爱的》、《宠儿》等。
莫里森以其对种族、性别和身份问题的关注而成为美国文学的重要代表,她的作品揭示了美国社会的不公和歧视。
三、阅读技巧和复习建议1. 阅读经典作品时,要注重对文本细节的理解和分析。
大学英美文学名著导读
大学英美文学名著导读简介大学英美文学名著是指在英美文学史上有重要地位和影响力的经典作品,对于理解和欣赏英美文化、思想和艺术具有重要意义。
本文将为大家介绍一些经典的英美文学名著,并提供导读以助理解和阅读。
1.《傲慢与偏见》简·奥斯汀的代表作之一,《傲慢与偏见》是一部以爱情为主题的社会喜剧。
通过对伊丽莎白·本内特与达西先生之间的恋爱故事,展现了封建社会中贵族与平民之间的阶级观念、面子观念及婚姻观念等。
•阐述小说背景:19世纪英国乡村社会•分析主要人物:伊丽莎白·本内特、达西先生等•探讨小说中的社会问题:阶级观念、婚姻观念等2.《呼啸山庄》艾米莉·勃朗特创作的《呼啸山庄》是一部具有浓郁的浪漫主义色彩的小说。
故事讲述了希斯克利夫与卡瑟琳之间跨越阶层和命运的爱情与复仇。
•解读小说中的浪漫主义元素:自然与人性、恶与善等•分析小说中复杂而扭曲的人物关系•探索小说中的社会问题:封建制度、家族利益等3.《老人与海》海明威的代表作之一,《老人与海》是一部以渔民圣地亚哥为主角的现实主义小说。
这部简短而富有哲理的作品,探讨了人生意志和命运挑战,以及对逆境坚持不懈斗争精神的赞颂。
•分析主要人物:亚哥、男孩等•阐述小说中对于力量和毅力的探讨•探讨作者意图和文学价值4.《了不起的盖茨比》弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德创作《了不起的盖茨比》是美国现代文学史上最重要的小说之一。
通过讲述上流社会盖茨比与黛西之间的爱情故事,展现了美国梦的破灭、道德堕落和虚伪社会的面貌。
•阐述小说背景:20世纪20年代的纽约•分析主要人物:盖茨比、黛西等•探讨作品中反映的社会问题:财富与地位、虚伪现实等5.《1984》乔治·奥威尔所著的《1984》是一部具有强烈政治色彩的反乌托邦小说。
通过描述一个极权主义社会中,个体权利被压制、言论受控制以及无处可逃避的恐怖现实,揭示了对权力滥用和个体自由的思考和警示。
英语专业英美文学文学汇总
英语专业英美文学文学汇总Literature terms1Epic : a long narrative poem telling about the deedsof a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Many epics were drawn from an oral tradition and were transmitted by song and recitation before they were written down.(史诗)2Romance:It was a long composition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, describing the life and adventures of a noble hero.(传奇文学)3Heroic Couplet: the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter. (英雄双韵体)4Iambic Pentameter: is the most common Englishmeter, in which each foot contains an unaccentedsyllable and an accented syllable. (五音步抑扬格)meter 格律foot音步5ballad: is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second and fourth lines rhymed.(歌谣)6Sonnet: It is a lyric poem of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter, restricted to a definite rhyme scheme.(十四行诗)7Blank verse: is a type of poetry, distinguished by having a regular meter, but no rhyme.(无韵诗)8Soliloquy: an utterance or discourse by a person who is talking to himself/ herself or is disregardful of or oblivious to any hearers present (often used as a device in a drama to disclose a character’s innermost thoughts); 2. theact of talking while or as if alone(独白)9Classicism: Aesthetic attitudes and principles manifested in the art, architecture, and literature of ancient Greece and Romeand characterized by emphasis on form, simplicity, proportion, and restraint. Classicism was popular in Europe in the 18th century.(古典主义)10Neo-classicism: neo-classicism imitated the characteristics of Roman writers, including Horace, V irgil, Cicero, etc., in the days of Augustus. They tried to make English literature conform to rules and principles established by the great Roman and Greek classical writers. In writing plays, they used rhyme and couplet instead of blank verse, observed thetrinity --- the unity of time, place and action.(新古典主义)11An epistolary novel is a novel written as a series of documents. The usual form is letters, although diary entries, newspaper clippings and otherdocuments are sometimes used.(书信体小说)12Sentimentalism is one of the important trends in English literature of the middle and later decades of the 18th century. It justly criticized the cruelty of the capitalist relations and the gross social injustices brought about by the bourgeoisrevolutions. It embraces a pessimistic outlook and blames reason and the Industrial Revolution, marked by a sincere sympathy for thepoverty-stricken ,expropriated peasants.(感伤主义)Romanticism: Romanticism is a literary trend. It prevails in England during the period 1798-1832. romanticists expressed the ideology and sentiment of those classes and social strata who were discontent with and opposed to the development of capitalism. They split into two groupsbecause of the different attitudes toward the capitalist society.(浪漫主义)Ode is a lyric poem of some length that honors an individual,a thing, a trait dealing with a lofty theme in a dignified manner. The form dates back to classical times and is originally intended to be sung at festivals or in plays.Brief Outline of British Literature:works1. Early and Medieval English Literature1) The Anglo-Saxon Period (449-1066)National epic:The Song of Beowulf2) The Anglo-Norman Period (1066-1350)Arthurian Romance: Sir Gawain andGreen Knight3) Geoffrey Chaucer1340-1400:Messenger of HumanismThe first important realistic writer“Father” of English poetryThe Canterbury T ales the wife of Bath(巴斯夫人),the Knight(骑士),the Pardoner(卖赎罪卷者),the Nun’s Priest(尼姑的教士),the Prologue(序诗).The Romaunt of the Rose 《玫瑰传奇》The Book of the Duchess 《悼公爵夫人》Troilus and Criseyde《特罗伊洛斯和克瑞西德》Thomas MaloryMorte d’Arthur (Death of Arthur)《亚瑟之死》William LanglandPiers the Plowman[Boccaccio薄伽丘:Decameron《十日谈》Ovid奥维德:《爱的艺术》《变形记》]2. The English Renaissance (16 century)Thomas MoreUtopiaChristopher Marlowe克里斯托弗·马洛First person used blank verseDeath of Arthur 《亚瑟之死》Tamburlaine the Great ?帖木儿大帝?The Jew of Malta ?马尔他岛的犹太人?The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus?浮士德博士的悲剧?Hero and Leander《海洛和利安得》The Passionate Shepherd to His Love《牧羊人的恋歌》William Shakespeareone of the founders of realism in world literature as well as in Engl ish literatureV enus and Adonis《维纳斯与安东尼斯》The Rape of Lucrece《鲁克里斯受辱记》Four tragedies:Hamlet《哈姆雷特》Othello《奥塞罗》King Lear《李尔王》Macbeth《麦克白》Four comedies:A Midsummer Night’s Dream《仲夏夜之梦》The Merchant of V enice《威尼斯商人》As You Like It《皆大欢喜》Twelfth Night《第十二夜》Ben Jonson本·琼森first poet- laureateafter Shakespeare the most eminent writer for the Elizabethan stagethe greatest dramatist after Shakespearethe founder of the so-called “Comedy of Humors”,Every Man in His Humor《人人高兴》Every Man Out of His Humor《人人扫兴》Volpone 《福尔蓬奈》the Fox《狐狸》The Alchemist《炼金术士》Sir Thomas Wyatt托马斯·怀亚特Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey 亨利·霍华德·萨里伯爵Sir Philip Sidney 西德尼Astrophel and Stella《爱星者和星星》Arcadia《阿卡狄亚》The Defence of Poetry《诗辩》Edmund Spenser埃德蒙·斯宾塞the Poet’s poet , a model of poetical artgreatest non-dramatic poet of his timefirst master of English verseThe Shepherd’s Ca lendar《牧人月历》Amoretti 《爱情小诗》The Fairy Queen《仙后》Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯·培根The father of experimental philosophyThe most important prose writer of the Elizabethan Agethe first English essayistthe founder of English materialist philosophy.The Advancement of Learning《学术的进展》The Novum Organum (The New Instrument)《新工具》The New Atlantis《新大西岛》The Essays 《散文集》(Of Studies)3. The Period of The English Bourgeois Revolution (17 century)John Milton约翰·弥尔顿the smartest man in Europea master of the blank verseParadise Lost《失乐园》Paradise Regained《复乐园》Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》Lycidas 《利西达斯》Comus《科玛斯》a masque《假面剧》John Bunyan约翰·班扬Pilgrim’s Progress《天路历程》Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinner《功德无量》The Life and Death of Mr. Badman《恶人先生的生平和死亡》《贝德曼先生的一生》The Holy War《神圣战争》John Donne约翰·邓恩Founder of Metaphysical poetry选学派诗人Songs and Sonnets《歌与短歌》Holy sonnet《圣十四行诗》Divine poem《神圣诗歌》Elegies and Satire《挽歌与讽刺诗》Meditations《冥想》/《沉思》4. The Age of Enlightenment (18 century)Alexander Pope亚历山大·蒲柏Essay on Criticism《论批评》The Rape of the Lock《夺发记》Joseph Addison约瑟夫·艾狄生andRichard Steel理查德·斯蒂尔The T atler and The SpectatorDaniel Defoe丹尼尔·笛福18世纪启蒙时期现实主义小说的奠基人Robinson CrusoeCaptain Singleton《辛格顿船长》Colonel Jacque《杰克上校》Moll Flanders《茉尔·弗兰德丝》A Journal of the Plague Year《瘟疫记事》Jonathan Swift乔纳森·斯威夫特One of the greatest masters of English prosea master satiristGulliver’s TravelsA T ale of a Tub 《一个木桶的故事》The Battle of Books《书的战争》The Drapier’s Letters《一个麻布商的书信》A Modest Proposal《一个小小的建议》Samuel Richardson 塞谬尔·理查逊Pamela 《帕美勒》Clarissa: Or the History of a Young Lady《克拉丽莎》The History of Sir Charles Grandison《查尔斯·葛兰底森爵士传》Henry Fielding亨利·菲尔丁最早的现实主义小说理论家现实主义小说奠基人Tom Jones《汤姆˙琼斯》Don Quixote in England《唐吉诃德在英国》Pasqin《巴斯昆》The Historical Register for the Year 1736《一七三六年历史记事》The Tragedy of Tragedies or The Life and Death of Tom Thumb the Great 《悲剧的悲剧:或伟人汤姆传》Joseph Andrews《约瑟夫˙安德鲁斯的经历》Jonathan Wild the Great《大伟人乔纳森˙魏尔德》Amelia《阿米丽亚》Samuel Johnson塞缪尔·约翰逊As Lexicographer or The Dictionary of the English Language 英语词典Oliver Goldsmith戈德史密斯Ano velist and poet belongs to the school of Sentimentalism She Stoops to Conquer《屈伸求爱》The Vicar of Wakefield 《威克菲尔德牧师传》The Traveler and The Deserted VillageThe Citizen of the World《世界公民》Richard Brinsley Sheridan 谢里丹The School for Scandal 《造谣学校》Comedy of Manners风尚喜剧Thomas Gray 格雷-------- sentimentalismOn the Death of a Favorite Cat 《爱猫之死》Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard 《墓园挽歌》The Progress of Poetry 《诗的发展》The Correspondence of Thomas Gray《格雷书信集》William Blake威廉布莱克Tiger 《老虎》Songs of Innocence《天真之歌》Songs of Experience《经验之歌》The Marriage of Heaven and Hell《天堂与地狱的婚姻》Robert Burns-罗伯特彭斯--- pre-romanticismthe most famous poets of the peasants in the worldA red red rose《我的爱人像朵红红的玫瑰》5. Romanticism in England (19 century)PoetryWilliam Wordsworth华兹华斯The prelude《序曲》Lyrical Ballads《抒情歌谣集》I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud《我好似一朵流云独自漫步》To the 《咏水仙》S. T. Coleridge柯林律治The Rime of the Ancient Mariner《古舟子咏》《古水手谣》Kubla khan 《忽必烈汗》George Gordon Byron乔治戈登拜伦One of the most excellent representatives of English Romanticismone of the most influential poets of the timeHours of Idleness《闲暇时刻》Child Harold’s Pil grimage《恰尔德·哈罗德游记》.Don Juan《唐璜》She Walks in BeautyPercy Bysshe Shelley雪莱Prometheus Unbound《解放了的普罗米修斯》Queen Mab 《仙后麦布》Address to the Irish People《告爱尔兰人书》The Revolt of Islam《伊斯兰的反叛》The Masque of Anarchy《暴政的行列》The Cenci《钦契一家》A Defence of Poetry《诗辩》The Necessity of Atheism《无神论的必要性》Ode to the West Wind10. T o a Skylark《致云雀》John Keats济慈Lamia《莱米亚》Endymion《恩底弥翁》On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer《初读查普曼译荷马史诗》Isaabella 《伊莎贝拉》The Eve of St. Agnes《圣·爱格尼斯节前夕》Hyperion《赫坡里昂》On a Grecian Urn 《希腊古瓮颂》T o Autumn《秋颂》On Melancholy《忧郁颂》T o a Nightingale 《夜莺颂》Prose fictionWalter Scott司各特the first novelist to recreate the pastWaverleyOld MoralityRob RoyThe Heart of MidlothianIvanhoe《艾凡赫》Rob RoyNovelJane Austen 简·奥斯丁Northanger Abbey《诺桑觉寺》Sense and Sensibility《理智与情感》Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》Mansfield Park《曼斯菲尔德花园》Emma《爱玛》Persuasion 《劝告》Romantic essayCharles Lamb查尔斯·兰姆Tales from Shakespeare《莎士比亚戏剧故事集》Album VersesEssays of Elia《伊利亚随笔》William Hazlitt威廉·赫列特Thomas De Quincey托马斯·德·昆西6. The V ictorian Age --- Critical Realism in England (19 century)NovelCharles Dickens查尔斯·狄更斯Oliver Twist《雾都孤儿》The Old Curiocity Shop《老古玩店》The Pickwick Papers《匹克威克外传》fill in the BlanksBeowulf is a folk legend brought to England by the Anglo-Saxons from their primitive Northern Europe.Beowulf was passed down from mouth to mouth.Beowulf was written down in the 10th century.Humanism refers to the literary culture in the Renaissance.Humanism became the central theme of English Renaissance. Thomas More and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanistsHumanism is the idea that man has a potential for culture which distinguishes him from lower orders of beings, and which he should strive constantly to fulfill.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, such as the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture, the new discoveries in geography and astrology, the religious reformation and the economic expansion.Early Plays in Middle Ages include The Miracle Play奇迹剧The Morality Play道德剧The Interlud幕间休息剧The ClassicalDrama古典剧The immediate predecessors of Shakespeare were a group of men from the two universities of Oxford and Cambridge, who were generally known as the University WitsThe key-note of Ham let’s character is melancholy,and there can be no Hamlet without melancholyHamlet is a hero of the RenaissanceHamlet’s learning , wisdom, noble nature,limitation and tragedy are all representative of the humanists at the turn of the 17th and the 16th centuries.Shakespeare was skilled in many poetic forms: the song, the sonnet, the couplet, and the dramatic blank verse;He was a great master of English language;He was the summit of the English Renaissance and one of the great writers all over the world.Adam and Eve embody Milton’s belief in the powers of man , craving (longing) for knowledge.Satan is a rebel against tyranny and Satan and his followers resemble a republican ParliamentEnglish enlighteners believed in the power of reason. That is why the 18th century has often been called “the age of reason” or “the kingdom of reason”.Most of the enlighteners believed that social problems could be solved by human intelligence.this period was characterized by the so-called neo-classicism of which theleading figure was Alexander Pope.The representative of Periodical Literature in Early 18th Century England: Addison and SteeleThe best part of Robinson Crusoe is the realistic account ofthe successful struggle of Robinson alone against the pitiless forces of nature on the island.A social fable consists of four books. The hero of the novel is Lemuel Gulliver, a doctor. telling about his fantastic visits to some unbelievable places, in which the inhabitants are Lilliputians,the giants Brobdingnagians, Yahoos, and Houyhnhnms.The features of the Romantic writings a dissatisfaction with the bourgeois society.Romantic writings are filled with strong-willed heroes or even titanic images, formidable events and tragic situations, powerful conflicting passions and exotic picturesThe romanticists paid great attention to the spiritual and emotional life of manPersonified nature plays an important role in the pages of Romantic writingsThe publication of the “Lyrical Ballads” marked the break with the conventional poetical tradition of the 18th centuryi wandered lonely contains four six-lined stanzas of iambic tetrameter.The poem is about The beauty of natureQuestion1What is Literature?Literature refers to the practice and profession of writing. It comes from human interest in telling a story, in arranging words in artistic forms, in describing in words some aspects of human experiences.2What is Renaissance?1. DefinitionThe Renaissance (14th –mid-17th century), which means rebirth and revival. The renaissance, therefore, in essence, is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers andscholars tried to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church(罗马天主教堂).It is characterized with the growth of a more scientific outlook, major development in art and literature, new invention and overseas discoveries and a general assertion of human value and emancipation(解放) of the human intellect and power.3Summarize the periods of Shakespeare’s literary career and achievements?Shakespeare’s Literary CareerFour successive periods with increasing maturity◆1588-1593, the Period of Experiment and Preparation●Richard III, a melodramatic chronicle-history play, largely imitative of Marlowe and yet showing striking power●At the end of this period Shakespeare issued two rather long narrative poems on classical subjects, Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece◆1594-1601, the second period Shakespeare’s work, f illed with chronicle-history plays and comedies●Richard II, Henry IV, Henry V, etc.●Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Merchant of Venice, Much Ado about Nothing, As You Like It●Romeo and Juliet◆1601-1609, the third period of Shakespeare’s literary career, i n which appeared Shakespeare’s great tragedies and certain cynical plays●In these plays, Shakespeare sets himself to grapple with the deepest and darkest problems of human characters and life●Shakespeare’s four great tragediesHamlet: the struggle of a perplexed and divided soul/selfOthello: the ruin of a noble life/ man by an evil one through the terrible power of jealousyKing Lear: unnatural ingratitude working its hateful will and yetthwarted at the end by its own excess and by faithful loveMacbeth: the destruction of a large nature by material ambition◆After 1609, the fourth period of Shakespear e’s literary career, a periodof romance-comedies●Shakespeare did not solve the insoluble problems of life, but having presented them as powerfully, perhaps, as is possible for human intelligence, he turned in his last period to the expression of the serene philosophy of life●Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale, and The Tempest(1) Shakespeare is one of the founders of realism in world literature. He maintains that the purpose of dramatic performance is "to hold, as it were, the mirror up to nature". In his works, he paints the decline of the old feudal nobility and the vice of the new Tudor monarch. Besides,his plays have good plots and life-like characters too. His drama is an expression, a monument of the English Renaissance since he wrote about his own people for his own time.(2)Shakespeare is amazingly prolific Within 22 years, he produced 37 plays, 154 sonnets,and 2 long poems. No two of his play invoke the same feeling or image among the audience. He is a master-hand for every form of drama-comedy, tragedy, and historical plays. He gives us a world of full-blooded people who live and struggle, suffer andrejoice-representing all the complexitiesand implications of real life.(3)Shakespeare was skilled in many poetic forms: the song, the sonnet, the couplet, andthe dramatic blank verse. And he is a great master of the English language. He used a vocabulary larger than any other English writersMany of his new coinage and turns of expressions havebecome every-day usage in English life. Shakespeare and the Authorized Version of the EnglishBible are the two great treasures of the English language.(4)Hence, Shakespeare has been universally acknowled ged to be the summit of theEnglish Renaissance, and one of the greatest writers the world over. 3Chaucer’s Contribution?1. He introduced from Italy and France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic meter (heroic couplet) to English poetry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse.2. He was the first great poet who wrote in English language (Middle English), thus establishing English as the literary language.3. He did much in making the London dialect the foundation for modern English language4What is the Enlightenment Movement?The 18th century marked the beginning of an intellectual movement in Europe, known as the Enlightenment, which was, on the whole, an expression of struggle of the bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism.What is romanticism? What about its feature?1. The general feature is a dissatisfaction with the bourgeois society.2. Their writings are filled with strong-willed heroes or even titanic images, formidable events and tragic situations, powerful conflicting passions and exotic pictures.3. The romanticists paid great attention to the spiritual and emotional life of man.Personified nature plays an important role in the pages of their works.文学赏析Beowulf:---national epic(1) Goodness conquers evil. (Beowulf stands for all that is good, brave and proper, while the monsters stand for evil.)(2) Men against nature (The poem presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage heroic struggles against the hostile forces of the natural world under a wise and mighty leader.)(3) Judge the greatness of a human being by the greatness of his deeds and his noble ancestry.(4) Help thy neighbor. (Beowulf risks his life to help a neighbor, King Hrothgar, in trouble.)(5) Forces of darkness—irrational, menacing—are always at work in society.The writing features of Beowulf1). The most important is in alliterative(头韵的) verse and in artistic form.2). Another is the frequent use of metaphors and understatements(暗含的意义) for ironical humor.The Faerie(Fairy) Queene and Commentsa long poem1 The dominating thoughts of it: nationalism, humanism and Puritanism2 The Spenserian stanza: a verse form consisting of 8 iambic pentameter lines followed by a ninth line of 6 iambic feet with the rhyme scheme ababbcbcc.3 The Faerie Queene is the first national epic of England in the age of the Renaissance. It expresses the poet’s patriotic feelings of national greatness, and voices the moral ideals of the English aristocracy as embodied in the noble, virtuous and brave knight.The Image of Hamlet1. He is a humanist free from medieval prejudice and superstition. He has love for the world rather than heaven, he cherishes a firm belief inman’s power and destiny.2. He loves good and hates evil. He adore his father, loves Ophelia and greets his school-fellows with hearty welcome, while he is disgusted with his uncle’s drunkenness and shocked by his mother’s shal lowness3. His intellectual genius is outstanding. He is a close observer. He can easily see through people. His quick perception drives him to penetrate below the surface of things and question what others take for granted. He is scholar, soldier and statesman. His image reflects the versatility of the men of the Renaissance.The Merchant of V eniceThe traditional themeT o praise the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia as a heroine of great beauty, wit and loyalty, and to expose the insatiable greed and brutality of the Jew.The modern interpretationT o regard the play as a satire of the Christians’hypocrisy and their false standards of friendship and love, their cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and their unreasoning prejudice against Jews, here represented by ShylockParadise lost1. The theme of the poem is a revolt against God’s authority.2. God: selfish despot暴君,cruel, unjust3. Adam and Eve embody Milton’s belief in the powers of man, craving (longing) for knowledge4. Go d’s angels are foolish, resembling the court of an absolute monarch.5. Satan is a rebel against tyranny(专制,暴行) and Satan and his followers resemble a republican ParliamentThe Image of Satan1. Satan is the real hero of the poem.2. He is firmer than the rest of the angels.3. He has an invincible(战无不胜的) heart.4. Satan remains superior in nobility and welcomes his defeat and his torments as a glory, a liberty and a joy;5. Satan is the spirit questioning the authority of God.6. Milton makes Satan as his own mouthpiece(代言人).The Pilgrim’s ProgressBunyan’s language1.Bunyan’s language is chiefly plain and colloquial and quite modern in comparison with that of the writers of the Renaissance.2. His language is clear, vivid, natural, homely (朴实的), fluent, musical and powerful.3. He paved the way not only in language style but also inwriting technique of novels, for the novelists of the 18th century as Swift and Defoe.The image of Robinson Crusoe1.One of the representative of the rising bourgeoisie2. An enterprising Englishman3. A laborer, a hard-working industrious and intelligent man.4. A typical colonizer, explorer, and a foreign trader.5.He is alert, vigorous and resourcefulBlake’s poems such as tiger 《老虎》and comments on Blank(1) Blake’s poems see m easy but difficult to understand for his m mysterious images and symbols, unless versed in ( skilled at )religious knowledge.(2) Blake’s poems are full of emotion and apparent presentation of his progressive democratic idea in symbolism Comments1) Blake was opposed to the classicism of the 18th century.2) His poems were full of romantic spirit, imagery symbolism and revolutionary spirit.3) He was a Pre-Romanticist or forerunner of the romantic poetry of the 19th century.Comments on Burns & His Poems1. Burns was one of the most famous poetsof the peasants in the world.2. He obtained the characteristic of all old Scottish songs: simplicity, vividness, humor, directness and optimism, with a new spirit of romanticism.Explanation William Wordsworth poem i wandered lonely【赏析】:这首诗写于诗人从法国回来不久。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
Part One Early and Medieval English LiteratureⅠ. Fill in the blanks.1. In 1066, ____, with his Norman army, succeeded in invading and defeatingEngland.A. William the ConquerorB. Julius CaesarC. Alfred the GreatD. Claudius2. In the 14th century, the most important writer (poet) is ____ .A. LanglandB. WycliffeC. GowerD. Chaucer明朝3. The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is ____.中世纪A. novelB. dramaC. romanceD. essay4. The story of ___ is the culmination of the Arthurian romances.亚瑟王的顶峰A. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightB.BeowulfC. Piers the PlowmanD. The Canterbury Tales5. William Langland‘s ____ is written in the form of a dream vision.A. Kubla KhanB. Piers the PlowmanC. The Dream of John BullD. Morte d’Arthur6. After the Norman Conquest, three languages existed in England at that time. TheNormans spoke _____.A. FrenchB. EnglishC. LatinD. Swedish7. ______ was the greatest of English religious reformers and the first translator ofthe Bible.A. LanglandB. GowerC. Wycliffe威克利夫D. Chaucer8. Piers the Plowman describes a series of wonderful dreams the author dreamed,through which, we can see a picture of the life in the ____ England.A. primitiveB. feudal封建的;领地的;世仇的C. bourgeois 资本家D. modern9. The theme of ____ to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in romances.A. loyaltyB. revolt反抗C. obedience顺从D. mockery嘲弄10. The most famous cycle of English ballads民歌centers on the stories about alegendary outlaw called _____.A. Morte d‘ArthurB. Robin HoodC. The Canterbury TalesD. Piers the Plowman11. ______, the ―father of English poetry‖ and one of the greatest narrative poets ofEngland, was born in London in about 1340.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Sir GawainC. Francis BaconD. John Dryden12. Chaucer died on October 25th, 1400, and was buried in ____.A. FlandersB. FranceC. ItalyD. Westminster Abbey威斯敏斯特教堂(英国名人墓地13. Chaucer‘s earliest work of any length is his _____, a translation of the FrenchRoman de la Rose by Gaillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meung, which was a love allegory enjoying widespread popularity in the 13th and 14th centuries not only in France but throughout Europe.A.The Romaunt of the Rose 传奇故事B. ―A Red, Red Rose‖C. The Legend of Good WomenD. The Book of the Duchess14. In his lifetime Chaucer served in a great variety of occupations that had impact onthe wide range of his writings. Which one is not his career? ____.A. engineerB. courtierC. office holderD. soldierE. ambassadorF. legislator (议员)15. Chaucer composes a long narrative poem named _____ based on Boccaccio‘spoem ―Filostrato‖.A. The Legend of Good WomenB. Troilus and CriseydeC. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightD. BeowulfKey to the multiple choices:1-5 ADCAB 6-10 ACBAB 11-15 ADAABⅡ. Questions1.What are the features of Beowulf?文体。
维基网ment on the social significance and language in The Canterbury Tales.Part Two The English RenaissanceⅠ. Match the writer and his works.1.Thomas More2.Holinshed3.Hakluyt4.Richard Tottel5.Philip Sidney6.Walter Raleigh A.Apology for PoetryB.Miscellany of Songs and SonnetsC.UtopiaD.Discovery of GuianaE.Principal Navigations, V oyages and DiscoveriesF.ChroniclesThe key: (1—C 2—F 3—E 4—B 5—A 6—D)Ⅱ. Choose the best answer.1._____ founded the Tudor Dynasty, a centralized monarchy of a totally new type,which met the needs of the rising bourgeoisie.新兴的资产阶级A. Henry VB. Henry VIIC. Henry VIIID. James I2.The first complete English Bible was translated by _______, ―the morning star ofthe Reformation‖ and his followers.A. William TyndalB. James IC. John Wycliffe威克利夫D. Bishop Lancelot Andrews3.The progress in industry at home stimulated the commercial expansion abroad.____ encouraged exploration and travel, which were compatible with the interests of the English merchants.A. Henry V.B. Henry VIIC. Henry VIIID. Queen Elizabeth BCDAA4.Except being a victory of England over ___, the rout击溃,寻找of the fleet 舰队―Armada‖(Invincible) was also the triumph胜利of the rising young bourgeoisie资产阶级over the declining old feudalism.封建制度A. SpainB. FranceC. AmericaD. Norway5.Those, both traders and pirates海盗like ____, established the first Englishcolonies.A. Francis Drake德雷克B. Lancelot AndrewsC. William CaxtonD. William Tyndal6.____ was a forerunner of classicism in English literature.A. Ben JohnsonB. William ShakespeareC. Thomas MoreD. Christopher Marlowe马洛7.The most gifted of the ―university wits‖大学才子was ____. DDCBAA. LylyB. PeeleC. GreeneD. Marlowe8.Morality plays appeared after_____.A. miracle playsB. mystery playsC. interlude插曲D. Classical plays9._____ is used to say and do good things.A. MercyB. Foll y n.,蠢笨;讽刺剧C. ViceD. Peace10._____is one of the forerunners of modern socialist thought.A. Phillip SidneyB. Edmund SpenserC. Thomas MoreD. Walter Raleigh11._____ is not a famous translator in the English Renaissance.A. Thomas NorthB. Thomas WyattC. George ChapmanD. John Florio12.____ had supplied Shakespeare with the material for Julius Caesar.A.Lives of Greek and Roan Heroes《希腊罗马名人传》Miscellany of Songs and SonnetsB.Don Quixote 11-15 BDADAC.History of the World13.____ was one of the first to see the relation between wealth and poverty tounderstand that the rich were becoming richer by robbing the poor.A. John WycliffeB. William CaxtonC. Geoffrey ChaucerD. Thomas More14.Utopia was written in the form of _____. 乌托邦A. proseB. dramaC. essayD. dialogue15.One of the popular morality plays was ____.A. The Shepherds 牧羊人B. EverymanC. The Play of the WeatherD. Gammer Gurton’s Needle16.Shakespeare‘s plays written between _____ are sometimes called ―romances‖ andall end in reconciliation and reunion.和解团圆A. 1590 and 1594B. 1595 and 1600C. 1601 and 1607D. 1608 and 161217.Miranda is a heroine in Shakespeare‘s ______.米达兰A. PericlesB. CymbelineC. The Winter’s TaleD. The Tempest18.In _____ appeared Shakespeare’s Sonnet,Never before Imprinted(《莎士比亚十四行诗》―迄今从未刊印过‖)which contains 154 sonnets. 16-22 ACBADDBA. 1606B. 1607C. 1608 160919.Shakespeare is one of the founders of ____.A. romanticismB. realismC. naturalismD. classicism20.Among many poetic forms, Shakespeare was especially at home (good at) withthe _______.A. dramatic blank verseB. songC. sonnetD. couplet对句21.In the plays, Shakespeare used about ______words.A. 15000B. 16000C. 17000D. 1800022._____has been called the summit of the English Renaissance.A. Christopher MarlowB. Francis BaconC. W. ShakespeareD. Ben JohnsonKey to the multiple choices:1-5 BCDAA 6-10 DDCBA 11-15 BDADA 16-22 ACBADDBⅢ. Fill in the blanks.1.The ____ was universally used by the Catholic Churches.2.The English translation of the Bible emerged as a result of the struggle between____ and ___.3.The Bible was notably translated into English by the ____.4.The first complete English Bible was translated by ____, ―the morning star of the_____‖.5._____ translated the New Testament and portions of the Old Testament, which isknown as Tyndale‘s Bible.6.A fter Tydale‘s Bible, then appeared the ______, which was made in 1611 underthe auspices of _____. And so was sometimes called the ____.7.Apart from the religious influence, the Authorized Version has had a greatinfluence on English ___ and ____.8.With the widespread influence of the English Bible, the standard modern Englishhas been _____ and _____.9. A great number of ____and phrases have passed into daily English speech ashousehold words.10.The ____and ____ language of the Authorized Version has colored the style ofthe English prose for the last 300 years.11.____ was the first English printer.12.William Caxton was a prosperous merchant himself, but he was fond of ___ , andhis interest was turning to ____.13.He translated The Recuyell of Historyes of Troy into English from French whichwas the ___ book printed in English.14.The Recuyell served as a source for ____ Troilus and Cressida. 《特洛埃勒斯与克雷雪达》15.After having established his printing press, William Caxton devoted himself tothe career of a ____ and _____.16.William Caxton published about ____ books, ___ of which were translated byhimself.17.By rendering (翻译) French books into English, Caxton exercised the youthfullanguage in the airs (曲调), the graces, the crafts of the elder and contributed to the development of the style of ___ century English ____.18.The influence of Caxton‘s publications is also great in fixing a ____ language inEngland.19.As the first English printer, Caxton invented in England the profession of ____,which in fact has had a lasting significance to the development of English ___ asa whole.20.The Renaissance started in the ______ century and ended in the ______century.21.The word, ―renaissance‖ means ________, which was stimulated by a series ofhistorical events, such as ________.22.In the Renaissance, the humanist thinkers and scholars tried to get rid of those old____in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expresses ____ of the rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the ____of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.23.____ is the theme of the English Renaissance, which emphasized the capacities of____and the achievements of ____.24.____ Stanza is a verse form created by _____ for his poem, ______, in which therhyme scheme is ____.25.The Wars of the Roses (1455—1485) between the House of ___ and the House of___ struggling for the Crown continued for 30 years.26.Because of the conflict between the Roman Catholic Church and the King ofEngland, the far-reaching movement of ___ took place in England, started by Henry VIII.27.After ___ in England, the helpless, dispossessed peasants, being compelled towork at a low wage, became hired laborers for the merchants. These laborers were the fathers of modern English ___.28.The introduction of ___ to England by William Caxton (1476) brought classicalworks within reach of the common multitude.29.The 16th century in England was a period of the breaking up ____of relations andthe establishing of the foundations of ____.30.Because the wool trade was rapidly growing in bulk, it was a time when,according to Thomas More, ―___‖.31.____ broke off with the Pope, dissolved all the monasteries and abbeys in thecountry, confiscated their lands and proclaimed himself head of the Church of England.32.Together with the development of bourgeois relationships and formation of theEnglish national state this period is marked by a flourishing of national culture known as ____.33.____, in his translation of Virgil‘s Aeneid, wrote the first English blank verse.34.Richard Tottel‘s Miscellany of Songs and Sonnets contained _____ poems by______ and _____ by _____.35.Philip Sidney thought that _____ had superiority over philosophy and history.36._____ is a picture of contemporary England with forcible exposure of the ___among the laboring classes.37.More points out that the root of poverty is the ____ _____ of social wealth.38.Sonnets contain _____ sonnets and ____ sonnets.39.The highest glory of the English Renaissance was unquestionably its ____.40.The ―miracles‖ were simple plays based on ______stories.41.There are significant touches of _____ life in the play titled The Shepherds.42.A morality play presented the _____ of good and _____ with _____personages.43.Vice was the predecessor of the modern _____.44.Through the revival of classical literature, English playwrights came into contactwith ______ and ______drama.45.From the contact with Greek and Latin drama, English playwrights learned all theimportant rules in ____ and ____, the more exact conception of ____ and ____.46.English comedies and tragedies on classical models appeared in the middle of the____ century.47.The first English comedy is ______.48.The first English tragedy is _____.49.Miracle plays, morality plays, interludes and classical plays paved the way for theflourishing of ____.50.In the 16th century _____ became the centre of English drama.51.By ____, professional actors were organized into companies.52.____ were wooden buildings, usually circular in form, with tiers(一排排)ofgalleries surrounding a roofless pit(楼下剧场).53.In the Elizabethan Theater, there were no ____ and women‘s parts were alw aystaken by ____.54.Shakespeare‘s narrative poem, Venus and Adonis, is full of vivid images of the______, and aphorisms (格言、警句) on life.55.Shakespeare was a great ____ of the English language.56.Shakespeare‘s dramatic creation often used the method of _____.57.Shakespeare‘s drama becomes a monument of the English ______.58.Shakespeare was a _____ for play-writing.59.Shakespeare‘s _____ people represent all the complexities and implications ofreal life.Key to the blanks:tin Bible2.Protestantism新教;Catholicism天主教3.Protestants4.John Wycliffe; Reformation5.William Tindal6.Authorized Version, James I; King JamesBible.nguage; literature8.fixed; confirmed9.Bible coinages10.simple; dignified庄严的,高贵的11.William Caxton12.Reading; literature13.First14.Shakespeare15.Printer; publisher16.100; 2417.15th ; prose18.National19.Publisher; culture20.14th; 17th21.Religious reformation22.feudalist ideas封建; interests;purity23.Humanism; human mind;human culture24.Spenserian; Edmund Spenser;The Faerie Queene;ababbcbccncaster兰开斯特(美国Pennsylvania 东南部一城市,英格; York26.The Reformation27.the Enclosure Movement;proletarians28.printing29.feudal; capitalism30.sheep devours吞食men31.William VIII32.Renaissance文艺复兴33.Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey34.96, Sir Thomas Wyatt怀亚特, 40, HenryHoward, Earl of Surrey35.poetry36.Utopia, Book One; poverty37.private ownership38.Italian/ Petrarchan ; Shakespearean39.Drama40.Bible41.real42.Conflict; evil; allegorical寓言的,讽喻的43.Clown小丑44.Greek; Latin45.Structure; style; comedy; tragedy46.16th47.Gammer Gurton’s Needle《葛顿大娘的缝衣针》48.Gorboduc 《高波特克》49.Drama戏剧50.London51.156752.Elizabethan theatres53.actress; boys54.countryside55.master56.adaptation (revision)57.Renaissance58.master-hand (能手)59.full-blood战争勇敢的,坚强的”(war hardy,brave,strong);[Ⅳ. Say true or false.1.The old English aristocracy 贵族having been exterminated (wiped out) in thecourse of the War of the Roses, a new nobility高贵, totally dependent on King‘s power, come to the fore涌现. T2.Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of QueenElizabeth. T3.The progress of bourgeois economy made England a powerful state and enabledher in 1588 to inflict a defeat on the Spanish Invincible Armada. T4.The Protestant Reformation was in essence a religious movement in a politicalguise. F. (a political movement in a religious guise)5.Before the Reformation, the English Bible was universally used by the Catholicchurches.F(the Latin Bible)6.Walter Raleigh wrote his History of the World in imprisonment.T7.More the man is even more interesting than More the writer. F (Sidney)8.Utopia, Book One, describes an ideal communist society.T9.Translations occupied an important place in the English Renaissance. T10.Philip Sidney‘s collection of love sonnets is Astrophel and Stella. T11.The Miracle plays were not forbidden to perform in churches after the actorsintroduced secular and even comical elements into the performance.T12.The writer of Gammer Gurton’s Needle is unknown.T13.Two lawyers who wrote Gorboduc were Thomas Sackville (托马斯·萨克维尔)and Thomas Norton(托马斯·诺顿). F ( Book Two)14.Shakespeare‘s sonnets are divided into three groups: Numbers 1—17, Numbers18—126, and Numbers 127—154. T15.Shakespeare‘s sonnets are written for variety of virtues. T16.Engels said, ―R ealism implies, besides truth in detail, the truthful reproduction oftypical characters under typical circumstances.‖ T17.Shakespeare wrote about his own people and for his own time. T18.Shakespeare‘s one play contains one theme. (contains more than one the me)F19.To reproduce the real life, Shakespeare often combines the majestic with thefunny, the poetic with the prosaic(散文体的) and tragic with the comic.T20.Engels called Shakespeare‘s plays the ―Shakespearean vivacity (活泼、快活) andwealth of (大量的) action‖. T22Utopia is More‘s masterpiece, written in the form of letters between More and Hythloday, a voyage. F a conversation)21.22.Sir Philip Sidney is well-known as a poet and dramatist. F(poet and critic ofpoetry)23.Carl Marx commented highly on More‘s Utopia and mentioned it in his greatwork, The Capital.F24.The highest glory of the English Renaissance was unquestionably its poetry. F(darma)25.The miracle plays were simple plays based on Bible stories, such as the creationof the world, Noah and the flood, and the birth of Christ.T26.Grammer Gurton’s Needle is the first English comedy, Gorboduc the first Englishtragedy.T27.Both the gentlemen and the common people went to the theatres. But the upperclass was the dominant force in Elizabethan theatre. T28.After Shakespeare‘s death, Herminge and Condell collected and published hisplays in 1623. T29.From Shakespeare‘s history plays, it can be seen that Shakespeare took a greatinterest in the political questions of his time. T30.In Shakespeare‘s historical plays, historical accuracy is not strictly regarded.T31.King Lear is a tragedy of ambition, which drives a brave soldier and national heroto degenerate into a bloody murder and despot right to his doom. F(Macbeth) ing from an old Danish legend, Othello is considered the summit ofShakespeare‘s art.F (hamlet)33.Shakespeare is one of the founders of romanticism in world literature. F(realism)34.Generally speaking, after Shakespeare, the English drama was undergoing aprocess of prosperity. F decline)35.English Renaissance Period was an age of poetry and drama, and was an age ofprose.F not an age of prose)36.There are two main characters in As You Like It: Orlando and Rosalind. T37.Ben Johnson‘s comedies are ―comedies of humors‖and every character in hiscomedies personifies a definite ―humor‖. ordinary people were)38.In Ben Johnson‘s later years he became the ―literary king‖ of his time.Key to the True/False statements:1.T2.T3.T4. F. (a political movement in areligious guise)5. F. (the Latin Bible)6.T7. F (Sidney)8.T9.T10.T11.T12.T13.F ( Book Two)14.T15.T16.T17.T18.F19.T20.T21.F (a conversation)22.F (poet and critic of poetry)23.F24.F(darma)25.T26.T27.T28.T 29.T30.T31.F (Macbeth)32.F (Hamlet)33.F (realism)34.F(decline)35.F (not an age of prose)36.T37.F (ordinary people were)38.TⅤ. Questions on the English Renaissancement on the image of Henry V and Sir John Falstaff.ment on the character of Hamlet.3.What are the features of Shakespeare‘s drama?4.Remember Shakespeare‘s major plays in each literary career.ment on Marlowe‘s马洛social significance and literary achievement.ment on The Faerie Queen.《仙后》Part Three The Period of the English Bourgeois RevolutionI.Choose the right answer.1.The r hyme scheme of Milton‘s L‘Allkegro and Il Penseroso is _____.A. aabbccbbcB. abbacdccdC. abacdeecD. ababcdcdd2. _____ , as a declaration of people‘s freedom of the press, has been a weapon i nthe later democratic revolutionary struggles.A. On the Morning of Christ‘s NativityB. ComusC. Of Reformation in EnglandD. Areopagitica[æriɔpədʒitikə]论出版自由3. ____ poems can be divided into two categories: the youthful love lyrics and thelater sacred verses.年轻的爱歌词和后来的神圣的经文A. John MiltonB. John BunyanC. John Donne多恩D. JohnDryden4. _____ expressed Donne‘s own way of descr ibing love.A. Holy SonnetsB. Witchcraft by a Picture巫术C. The Sun RisingD. Death, Be Not Proud5. George Herbert‘s ______ is a well-known shaped poem.A. The Altar可数名词‘祭坛;神坛B. To His Coy MistressC. To DaffodilsD. Gather Ye Rose Buds While Ye May6. ____ is the leading figure of Metaphysical poetry.A. John DonneB. George HerbertC. Andre MarvellD. Henry Vaughan7. Which of the following is not a Metaphysical poet?A. Richard CrashawB. Henry VaughanC. Andrew MarvellD. Robert Burton8. ____is a prose poem on death and immortality.A. The Anatomy of MelancholyB. Religio MeciciC. Holy DyingD. Urn-Burial9. Izaak Walton‘s ____ is a delightful description of the English countryside and thesimple and kind people.A. The Compleat熟悉AnglerB. Holy LivingC. To His Coy MistressD. To Daffadils10. Who is the greatest figure of the Cavalier poetry?谁是骑士诗歌史上最伟大的人物A. John SucklingB. Richard LovelaceC. Robert HerrickD. John Dryden11. ____was the forerunner of the English classical school of literature in the 19thcentury.A. John DrydenB. Richard SteeleC. Joseph AddisonD. Alexander Pope亚历山大·蒲柏Key to the multiple choices: 1-5 CDCBA 6-11 ADDAADII.Fill in the blanks.1.In the field of prose writing of the Puritan Age, _______ occupies the mostimportant place.2.The Pilgrim‘s执著的心;清教徒、朝圣者Progress is one of the most popularpieces of Christian writing produced during the _____ Age.3.______gives a vivid and satirical picture of Vanity Fair which is the symbol ofLondon at the time of Restoration.4._____masterpiece, The Pilgrim‘s Progress, is an allegory, a narrative in whichgeneral concepts such as sins, despair, and faith are represented as people or as aspects of the natural world.5._____ is the most excellent representative of English classicism in the Restorationperiod.6.In English literature, the Restoration period is traditionally called ―Age of _____.7.In political affairs, ____ was quite changeable in attitude.8.In his ―A n Essay of Dramatic Poesy‖, ____ showed his famous appreciation ofShakespeare.9.Dryden wrote about 27 plays. The famous one is _______, a tragedy dealing withthe same story as Shakespeare‘s Antony and Cleopatra.10.The main literary achievements of the 17th century lies in the poetry of JohnMilton, in the prose writing of John Bunyan, and in the plays and literary criticism of ______.11.Paradise Lost is one of Milton‘s ______.12.Satan is the hero in Milton‘s masterpiece __________.13.Paradise Lost took its material from ______.14.The works of the Metaphysical poets are characterized, generally speaking, by_____in content and fantasticality in form.15._______ was the forerunner of the English classical school of literature in the 18thcentury.16.Adam and Eve in Paradise Lost embody Milton‘s belief in the powers of _____.17.The Pilgrim‘s Progress is a religious allegory and _____ is another writing feature.18.In the second half of the 17th century we may hear the voices of the privatecitizens by letters and _____.Key to the blanks:1.(John Bunyan)2.(Puritan)3.(ThePilgrim‘s Progress)4.JohnBunyan‘s)5.(John Dryden) 6(Dryden)7(John Dryden)8(JohnDryden)9(All for Love)10(JohnDryden)11(epics)2.(Paradise Lost)3.(mysticism)4.(the Bible)5.(Dryden)6.(man)7.(symbolism)8.(diaries)III.Say true or false.1.The major parliamentary clashes of the early 17th century were over landownership.2.After the victory of the English Revolution, the movement of the Diggers brokeout. The leader of this revolt is Wat Tyler.3.With the establishment of the bourgeois dictatorship, Charles II became theProtector of the English Commonwealth.4.The spirit of unity and the feeling of patriotism ended with the reign of James I,and England was then convulsed (shook, quivered) with the conflict between the two antagonistic camps, the Royalists and the Puritans.5.In 1644, James I was sentenced to death and Cromwell became the leader of thecountry.6.English literature of the 17th century witnessed a flourish on the whole.7.The Revolution Period produced one of the most important poets in Englishliterature, William Shakespeare.8.The Revolution Period is also called Age of Milton because it produced a greatpoet whole name is William Milton.9.The main literary form in literature of Revolution Period is drama.10.Among the English poets during the Revolution Period, John Donne was thegreatest one.11.John Milton towers over his age as Byron towers over the Elizabethan Age, and asChaucer towers over the Medieval Period.12.On his first wife‘s death, Milton wrote his only love poem, a sonnet, on HisDeceased Wife.13.The greatest epic produced by Milton, Paradise Lose, is written in heroic couplets.14.The poem of Samson Agonistes was ―to justify the ways of God to man‖, i.e. toadvocate submission to the Almighty.15.It has been noticed by many critics that the picture of Satan surrounded by hisangels who never think of expressing any opinions of their own, resembles the court of an absolute monarch.16.Izaak Wa lton‘s The Compleat Angler becomes a ―Piscatorial classic‖.17.Thomas Browne‘s Religia Medici is a collection of opinions on a vast number ofsubjects more or less connected with religion.Key to True/False statements:1. F (ownership: monopolies)2. F (Wat Tyler: Gerald Winstanley)3. F (Charles II: Oliver Cromwell)4. F (Donne: Milton)5. F (James I: Charles I)6. F (flourish: decline)7.T (William Shakespeare)8. F (William: John)9. F (drama: poetry) 10.F (James I: Elizabeth I)11.F (Byron: Shakespeare)12.F (first: second)13.F (heroic couplets: blank verse)14.F (Satan: God)15.F (Samson Agonistes: Paradise Lost)16.T17.TIV. Questions1.What are the writing features of The Pilgrim’s Progress?ment on the image of Satan.ment on Samson.Part Four The English Century Ⅰ. Match the works and the characters. (3 points)A1. ( ) Tome Jones2. ( ) The Vicar of Wakefield3. ( ) Robinson Crusoe4. ( ) Gulliver‘s Travels格利佛(<格利佛游记>的主人公5. ( ) Pamela6. ( ) The School for Scandal丑闻Ba.Fridayb.King of Brodingnagc.Sophiad.Mr. Be.William Thornhillf.Charles SurfaceThe key: (1—c, 2—e, 3—a, 4—b, 5—d, 6—f )Ⅱ. Choose the right answer.1.In 1701, Steele published a pamphlet, _____, in which he first displayed hismoralizing spirit.A. The FuneralB. The Lying LoverC. The Christian HeroD. The Tender Husband2. Which is the most popular newspaper published by Steele?A. The Tatler闲谈者B. The SpectatorC. The TheatreD. The English3. _____ is Addison‘s great tragedy.艾迪生A. A Letter from ItalyB. RosamondC. The CampaignD. Cato卡托4. Which of the following is not the hero in The Spectator?旁观者A. Isaac BickerstaffB. Mr. RogerC. Captain SentryD. Andrew Freeport5. ______ were looked upon as the model of English composition by British authorsall through the 18th century.A. Jeremy Taylor‘s Holy LivingB. Thomas Browne‘s Religio MeidicC. Samuel Pepys‘s diariesD. Addison‘s艾迪生Spectator essays6. The most important classicist in the Enlightenment Movement is _____.A. SteeleB. AddisonC. Pope教皇;波普;蒲柏D. Dryden7. The masterpiece of Alexander Pope is ____.A. Essay on CriticismB. The Rape of the Lock夺发记C. Essay on ManD. The Dunciad8. Essay on Man is a _____poem in heroic couplets.A. didacticB. satiricalC. philosophicalD. dramatic。