Measuring Omega with Galaxy Streaming Velocities

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尼康 Z 7II Z 6II 数码照相机使用说明书

尼康 Z 7II   Z 6II 数码照相机使用说明书
vi 关于本说明书
A安全须知
“安全须知”包括重要安全使用说明。在使用照相机之前,请务必先阅读本部分内
容。有关详细信息,请参阅“安全须知” (பைடு நூலகம் xxxv)。
❚❚ 锂离子电池组
锂离子电池组是GB31241-2014 《便携式电子产品用锂离子电池和电池 组安全要求》对产品的定义名称。本资料也存在对锂离子电池组简称为 “电池”的情形。
ii
想立即进行拍摄时
❚❚ 拍摄 (0 56)并查看 (0 69)照片
1 将模式拨盘旋转至b。
2 半按快门释放按钮 (即轻轻按下快门
释放按钮,且在按到一半时保持不 动)进行对焦。
3 在不松开快门释放按钮的情况下,完
全按下该按钮拍摄照片。
4 查看照片。
想立即进行拍摄时 iii
包装内物品
请确认您照相机的包装中是否包含下列所有物品。
照相机控制............................................................................................................. 13 取景器 ............................................................................................ 13
2 插入存储卡 (0 45)。
3 安装镜头 (0 50)。
• 将镜头上的白点与照相机机身上的白点 对齐 (q),然后按照图示方向旋转镜 头 (w)。
• 您可在照相机上安装挂带。有关详细信
息,请参阅“安装挂带” (0 37)。
4 开启照相机并设定日期和时间
(0 52)。

霍尼韦尔 全自动流量分析仪说明手册说明书

霍尼韦尔 全自动流量分析仪说明手册说明书

THE NEEDSEvides Waterbedrijf required measurement of turbidity and flow to monitor water quality in the distribution network and manage the network. Until recently, this data had been recorded manually and analysed with outdated equipment. This process no longer fitted with the strategic pillar “digitising primary processes” which was an important aim of the Netherlands water provider. Evides Waterbedrijf developed an all-in-one measuring device which allowed them to make all distribution network measurements. During the measurement process, turbidity, flow and GPS location were all recorded and logged in real-time from the field. This data could be used to determine water quality of the distribution network, assess the effectiveness of previously implemented drainage actions and continue to optimise drainage plans. The process being largely automated. The flow meter was part of the total standpipe solution which was lightweight and easy to dismantle in the field.THE SOLUTIONTo support the needs of EvidesWaterbedrijf, Honeywell Smart Energyoffered their Q4000 electromagneticmeter as part of the standpipe solution.Featuring high quality design andengineering, Honeywell’s Q4000electromagnetic water meter is builtfor maintaining highly accurateperformance and lasting durabilityin demanding environments.With an unrestricted flow tube with nomoving parts and a 10-year batterylife, the Q4000 offers unrivalledperformance for an electromagneticwater meter. Delivering consistentaccuracy over a wide flow-ratemeasuring range, the meter can beadapted to suit either predominantlyhigh or low flow rates, and is ideal fordistribution network applications.The Q4000 is a high-performingelectromagnetic meter, ideal for networkmanagement and leakage monitoring.HON EYWELL’SW A TER M ETERCase StudySupports Accurate Real-Time Distribution Network AnalysisGood quality water supply is provided for the entire population in the Netherlands. Water consumption is one of the lowest in developed countries at 128 litres per capita per day and water leakage in the distribution network is one of the lowest in the world at only 6%.The Q4000 water meter forms part of the total standpipe solution.The Q4000 from Honeywell Smart Energy is a high-performing electromagnetic meter, ideal for bulk flow metering applications such as network management and leakage monitoring.-It has a fast continuous sampling rate, providing highly accurate and reliable measurement.-The Q4000’s extremely tough stainless steel constructionensures a long working life, while its lightweight body makes storage, transportation and installation both simpler and safer.-With an unrestricted flow tube, the Q4000 ensures minimal pressureABOUT EVIDES WATERBEDRIJFEvides Waterbedrijf supplies safe and clean drinking water 24 hours a day, 365 days a year to 2.5 millioncustomers and the business community in Zeeland, in the South West of Holland and the Brabantse Wal.Additionally, Evides Waterbedrijf offers tailor-made industrial water services to large industrial customers in the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany.THE BENEFITSloss, even at the highest flowrates, resulting in reduced network system pressures, helping to prevent leakage from burst pipes. -A large, bright and easy-to-read LCD, showing volume and instantaneous flow rate, is ideal for real-time network control and water management. -With the Q4000’s 10-yearcontinuous battery life and no need for calibration, expensive regular maintenance is a thing of the past. -With bi-directional pulse outputs, the Q4000 provides dependable connectivity to critical water management systems including AMR and data logging devices.All rights reserved.The company’s policy is one of continuous product improvement and the right is reserved to modify the specifications contained herein without notice. These products have been manufactured with current technology and in accordance with the applicable referenced standards.SS-20-2 ENG | 02/20© 2020 Honeywell International Inc.For more informationElster Water Metering Ltd130 Camford Way Sundon Park, Luton Bedfordshire, LU3 3AN United Kingdom T +44 1582 846400F +44 1582 564728*************************。

Omega Bio-tek Mag-Bind

Omega Bio-tek Mag-Bind
Before Starting: • Bring the Mag-Bind® Total Pure NGS to room temperature before use.
1. Read the manufacturer’s instruction manual for the magnetic separation device, if provided.
3. Shake or vortex the Mag-Bind® Total Pure NGS to resuspend any particles that may have settled. Allow Mag-Bind® Total Pure NGS to come to room temperature before use.
2. Place the 96-well PCR plate on the bench and measure the volume of the PCR reaction. Determine the volume of Mag-Bind® Total Pure NGS that will be added to the reaction. If the reaction volume will exceed 200 µL transfer to a microtiter plate for processing. Note: PCR reactions >20 µL will need to be transferred to a processing plate.
magnetic bead volumes desired • Magnetic separation device (Recommend AlpAqua Cat# 001322). For elution volumes

XMC4500自动化输入输出芯片模块说明书

XMC4500自动化输入输出芯片模块说明书

XMC4500 Satellite-kit: Automation I/O Kit Part Number: KIT_XMC4X_AUT_ISO_001Features∙Connection to CPU board via ACT Satellite Connector∙ISOFACE OUT, up to 8 channels∙ISOFACE IN, up to 8 channels∙I2C based IO expander up to 8 channels∙Single side assembly of all parts∙ 2 LEDs indicating power (3.3 Volt, 5 Volt)∙Power supply:-Power jack for external 24V supply-From CPU Board via ACT Satellite ConnectorPLEASE SEE THE FOLLOWING PAGES FOR USERS MANUALHexagon Application Kit For XMC4000 FamilyAUT_ISO-V1Automation I/O CardBoard User's Manual Revision 1.0, 2012-02-28Edition 2012-02-28Published byInfineon Technologies AG81726 Munich, Germany© 2012 Infineon Technologies AGAll Rights Reserved.Legal DisclaimerThe information given in this document shall in no event be regarded as a guarantee of conditions or characteristics. With respect to any examples or hints given herein, any typical values stated herein and/or any information regarding the application of the device, Infineon Technologies hereby disclaims any and all warranties and liabilities of any kind, including without limitation, warranties of non-infringement of intellectual property rights of any third party.InformationFor further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office ().WarningsDue to technical requirements, components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office.Infineon Technologies components may be used in life-support devices or systems only with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or otherTrademarks of Infineon Technologies AGAURIX™, C166™, CanPAK™, CIPOS™, CIPURSE™, EconoPACK™, CoolMOS™, CoolSET™, CORECONTROL™, CROSSAVE™, DAVE™, EasyPIM™, EconoBRIDGE™, EconoDUAL™, EconoPIM™, EiceDRIVER™, eupec™, FCOS™, HITFET™, HybridPACK™, I²RF™, ISOFACE™, IsoPACK™, MIPAQ™, ModSTACK™,my-d™, NovalithIC™, OptiMOS™, ORIGA™, PRIMARION™, PrimePACK™, PrimeSTACK™, PRO-SIL™, PROFET™, RASIC™, ReverSave™, SatRIC™, SIEGET™, SINDRION™, SIPMOS™, SmartLEWIS™, SOLID FLASH™, TEMPFET™, thinQ!™, TRENCHSTOP™, TriCore™.Other TrademarksAdvance Design System™ (ADS) of Agilent Technologies, AMBA™, ARM™, MULTI-ICE™, KEIL™, PRIMECELL™, REALVIEW™, THUMB™, µVision™ of ARM Limited, UK. AUTOSAR™ is licensed by AUTOSAR development partnership. Bluetooth™ of Bluetooth SIG Inc. CAT-iq™ of DECT Foru m. COLOSSUS™, FirstGPS™ of Trimble Navigation Ltd. EMV™ of EMVCo, LLC (Visa Holdings Inc.). EPCOS™ of Epcos AG. FLEXGO™ of Microsoft Corporation. FlexRay™ is licensed by FlexRay Consortium. HYPERTERMINAL™ of Hilgraeve Incorporated. IEC™ of Commission Electrotechnique Internationale. IrDA™ of Infrared Data Association Corporation. ISO™ of INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. MATLAB™ of MathWorks, Inc. MAXIM™ of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. MICROTEC™, NUCLEUS™ of Mentor Graphics Corporation. Mifare™ of NXP. MIPI™ of MIPI Alliance, Inc. MIPS™ of MIPS Technologies, Inc., USA. muRata™ of MURATA MANUFACTURING CO., MICROWAVE OFFICE™ (MWO) of Applied Wave Research Inc., OmniVision™ of OmniVision Technologies, Inc. Openwave™ Openwave Systems Inc. RED HAT™ Red Hat, Inc. RFMD™ RF Micro Devices, Inc. SIRIUS™ of Sirius Satellite Radio Inc. SOLARIS™ of Sun Microsystems, Inc. SPANSION™ of Spansion LLC Ltd. Symbian™ of Symbian Software Limited. TAIYO YUDEN™ of Taiyo Yuden Co. TEAKLITE™ of CEVA, Inc. TEKTRONIX™ of Tektronix Inc. TOKO™ of TOKO KABUSHIKI KAISHA TA. UNIX™ of X/Open Company Limited. VERILOG™, PALLADIUM™ of Cadence Design Systems, Inc. VLYNQ™ of Texas Instruments Incorporated. VXWORKS™, WIND RIVER™ of WIND RIVER SYSTEMS, INC. ZETEX™ of Diodes Zetex Limited.Last Trademarks Update 2011-02-24Table of ContentsTable of Contents1Overview (7)1.1Key Features (7)1.2Block Diagram (8)2Hardware Description (8)2.1ISOFACE OUT (9)2.2ISOFACE IN (9)2.3IO Expander (10)2.4Power (11)2.5Satellite Connector (12)3Production Data (13)3.1Schematics (13)3.2Layout and Geometry (16)3.3Bill of Material (17)List of FiguresFigure 1Automation I/O Card (AUT_ISO-V1) (8)Figure 2Automation I/O Card Interfaces (8)Figure 3Power Circuit (11)Figure 4ACT Satellite Connector (12)Figure 5Satellite Connector Type ACT (12)Figure 6Satellite Connector, IO Expander, Power (14)Figure 7ISOFACE (15)Figure 8Automation I/O Card Layout (16)List of TablesTable 1ISOFACE OUT Connector Pinout (9)Table 2ISOFACE OUT signal connection to the Satellite Connector (9)Table 3ISOFACE IN Connector Pinout (9)Table 4ISOFACE IN signal connection to the Satellite Connector (10)Table 5GPIO channel LED/SMD pad mapping (10)Table 6IO Expander I2C signal connection to the Satellite Connector (10)Table 7Power LED’s (11)Table 8PowerScale Jumper (11)Table 9Automation I/O Card BOM (17)OverviewIntroductionThis document describes the features and hardware details of the Automation I/O Card (AUT_ISO-V1) designed to work with Infineon’s XMC4500 CPU board. This board is part of Infineon’s Hexagon Application Kits.1 OverviewThe AUT_ISO-V1 board is an application expansion satellite card of the Hexagon Application Kits. The satellite card along with a CPU board (e.g. CPU_45A-V2 board) demonstrates ISOFACE capabilities together with XMC4500. The focus is safe operation under evaluation conditions. The satellite card is not cost optimized and cannot be seen as reference design.1.1 Key FeaturesThe AUT_ISO-V1 satellite card is equipped with following featuresConnection to CPU board (e.g. CPU_45A-V2) via satellite connector ACTISOFACE OUT, up to 8 channelsISOFACE IN, up to 8 channelsI2C based IO expander up to 8 channelsPower supplyo Powerjack for external 24 V supplyo From CPU board via ACT satellite connector1.2Block DiagramFigure 1 shows the block diagram of the AUT_ISO-V1 satellite card. There are following building blocks:Figure 1Automation I/O Card (AUT_ISO-V1)2 Hardware DescriptionThe following sections give a detailed description of the hardware and how it can be used.Figure 2 Automation I/O Card InterfacesISOFACE OUT (ISO1H812G)ISOFACE IN (ISO1I811T)Power 3.3 V (IFX1763SJV33)ISOFACE IN ConnectorACT Satellite ConnectorPower Jack24 V2.1 ISOFACE OUTISOFACE output device used in AUT_ISO-V1 satellite card is ISO1H812G. It is supplied by VDD3.3 on the CPU side and VDD24 for the ISOFACE OUT side. VDD24 and GNDISO can to be connected either by X300 or by X240(24 V external power jack). This is the same net that supplies the DC/DC converter. VDD24 is +24 Vdc (referred to GNDISO)Table 1 below gives the signal details of ISOFACE OUT connector.Table 12 below gives the details of SPI signal connection to the satellite connector.2.2 ISOFACE INISOFACE input device used in AUT_ISO-V1 satellite card is ISO1I811T. It is supplied by 3.3 V on the CPU side and VBB (24V) for the ISOFACE IN side. VBB and GNDBB need a separate connection to 24 V external power source through connector X320.Resistor R337 is used on board for setting input type to IEC61131-2 Type 1.Resistors R326 and R327 sets the frequency of ISOFACE IN to 100 kHz (default).Table 3 gives the details of ISOFACE IN connector pin mapping.Table 3 ISOFACE IN Connector PinoutISOFACE IN shares the same SPI lines with ISOFACE OUT except the chip select as shown in Table 4.2.3 IO ExpanderThe AUT_ISO-V1 satellite card supports GPIO expansion though I2C IO-Expander on board (U230). The I2C Address for IO expander device is 0x1001000X. The satellite card supports 8 such GPIO’s. All t he GPIO’s are connected to LEDs (V230-V237) and SMD-Pads (TP230 – TP237). The Table 5 gives the GPIO channel and corresponding LED/PAD mapping.Table 6 shows the connection of the IO Expander device to the ACT satellite connector.2.4 PowerThe AUT_ISO-V1 satellite card can be supplied by an external power supply (24 V / 1 A) to be connected to the power jack X240 or by a 5 V supply via the 80-pin ACT satellite connector. An external power supply is necessary only in case the current coming via the ACT satellite connector is not sufficient.A DC-DC converter on board (U240) steps down the input voltage from the power jack X240 to 5 V (VDD5). The input voltage can be in the range from 12 V to 24 V. An on board linear voltage regulator is generating a 3.3 V (VDD3.3) power supply out of the VDD5.Figure 3 Power CircuitA Diode V242 protects the reverse flow of current to an external source. Therefore a simultaneous power supply of the satellite boards via both the power jack and the satellite connector with not harm.LED V210 indicates the presence of 5 V power and LED V211 indicates the presence of 3.3 V power.Table 7 Power LED’sThe AUT_ISO-V1 satellite card supports a PowerScale probe for power measurement purpose.Table 8 PowerScale Jumper2.5 Satellite ConnectorThe satellite connector of the AUT_ISO-V1 satellite card interfaces it’s the signals to a CPU board e.g. CPU_45A-V2. Take care to connect the ACT satellite card always to the corresponding ACT satellite connector of the CPU board only.Figure 4 ACT Satellite ConnectorThe signal mapping of the ACT satellite connector and correponding CPU function are provided in figure 6Figure 5 Satellite Connector Type ACT3 Production Data3.1 SchematicsThis chapter contains the schematics for the Automation I/O Card:Satellite Connector, IO Expander, PowerISOFACEFigure 6 Satellite Connector, IO Expander, PowerFigure 7 ISOFACE3.2 Layout and GeometryFigure 8 Automation I/O Card Layout3.3 Bill of MaterialTable 9 Automation I/O Card BOMTable 9 Automation I/O Card BOMw w w.i n f i n e o n.c o m。

惠威HR70遥控器使用说明书

惠威HR70遥控器使用说明书
McIntosh Laboratory, Inc. 2 Chambers Street Binghamton, New York 13903-2699 Phone: 607-723-3512
HR070 Series Remote Control Programming Guide
6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 for the other components you want to control. For future reference, write down each working component code below:
HR Series Remote Control Programming
Assigned Push-button Component Program Code
TV
CBL
SAT
AUX
DVR
Push-buttons available for Programming
Flashes during Programming
4
Used to activate Programming Mode
with the most popular code first. If the component
responds, go to step 7.
6. If the component does not respond, press LEVEL+
Push-button and the Remote Control will test
The HR70 Series Remote Controls have stored in permanent memory the necessary information to send the correct commands to the component to be controlled. By entering a five digit numeric code the commands for controlling the component is activated.

向天外来客介绍地球和太空的英语作文

向天外来客介绍地球和太空的英语作文

向天外来客介绍地球和太空的英语作文全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Hello Alien Friend!My name is Billy and I'm 10 years old. I live on a planet called Earth. It's really cool that you came to visit us from outer space! I'm going to tell you all about Earth and the amazing universe we live in.Earth is the third planet from the Sun in our solar system. A solar system is a star (like our Sun) with planets going around it. Earth is kind of like a big ball made up of land and water. About 70% of Earth is covered in water like oceans, seas, lakes and rivers. The other 30% is land where people live on continents and islands.The land part has mountains, valleys, deserts, and forests. It's pretty neat! We have over 7 billion people living on Earth from all different countries and cultures. People live in houses, apartments, or other dwellings in cities, towns, and rural areas. We use cars, buses, trains, planes and other vehicles to get around.Earth is the only planet we know that has liquid water on its surface. That liquid water is really important because it allows life to exist on our planet. We have millions of species of plants and animals here, from tiny microbes to gigantic whales in the ocean. Humans are actually just one type of animal that lives on Earth. Pretty crazy, right?Earth's air is made up of gases like nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide that we can breathe. This atmosphere surrounding our planet protects us from the Sun's radiation and meteoroids from space. Our atmosphere causes winds and weather patterns too.But enough about Earth for now, let me tell you about our amazing solar system! At the very center, we have the Sun. It's a huge star that gives off unbelievable amounts of heat and light that make life possible on Earth. Without the Sun, our planet would be frozen solid.Orbiting around the Sun, we have 8 major planets total in our solar system. The 4 planets closest to the Sun are rocky terrestrial planets - Mercury, Venus, Earth (that's us!), and Mars. The next 4 planets are called gas giants because they're huge balls of gas - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. There are alsomillions of asteroids, comets, and dwarf planets orbiting the Sun too.Some of the planets have moons orbiting around them, just like the moon that orbits Earth. Our moon is about a quarter the size of Earth and has no air or water. But it provides light at night and causes the ocean tides.You might be wondering how planets and moons orbit around the Sun and each other. Well, it's all due to gravity - an invisible force that pulls objects together. Gravity from the Sun's huge mass keeps the planets locked into oval-shaped orbits around it. And a planet's gravity keeps its moons in orbit as well.Beyond our solar system, we have trillions of other stars clustered together into galaxies. Our galaxy is called the Milky Way and it looks kind of like a flat spiral disk with curved arms. It contains over 200 billion stars! The Milky Way is just one tiny galaxy among billions more in the universe.The universe itself is the entire cosmos - everything we can observe and detect. It's made up of galaxies, stars, planets, gas, dust, radiation, you name it. Scientists think the whole universe started with a massive explosion called the Big Bang about 13.8 billion years ago.After the Big Bang, all the matter and energy was concentrated in an extremely hot, dense state. Then it started expanding rapidly in all directions. As the universe cooled and expanded, clouds of hydrogen gas formed galaxies that eventually created stars. Stars fused lighter elements like hydrogen into heavier ones like carbon, oxygen, and iron. Those materials then formed planets, moons, asteroids, comets and everything else!Isn't the universe incredible? There's so much we still have to learn about it. Astronomers are people who study space using giant telescopes to observe faraway galaxies, stars, and planets. We even have robotic space probes exploring other planets and moons up close!Astronauts are people who get to travel to space in rockets and spacecraft. They've walked on our moon and worked on space stations orbiting Earth. Maybe someday astronauts will land on Mars or even go deeper into our solar system. Who knows what else we'll discover out there!Well, that's my grand introduction to Earth and the wonders of space for you, my alien friend. I'm just a kid from a small planet, but I hope I was able to teach you a little bit about this amazing universe we live in. Let me know if you have any otherquestions! I'd love to learn about your home planet and species too. Thanks for visiting!篇2Welcome to Planet Earth, Dear Space Friends!Hi there! My name is Jamie and I'm 10 years old. I live on a really cool planet called Earth. It's the third rock from the Sun in our Solar System. I'm so excited to tell you all about my home world and the amazing space it's a part of!Earth is kind of like a big round ball, but not perfectly round. It's a little fatter around the equator in the middle. From outer space, our planet looks mostly blue because we have tons of water covering about 71% of the surface. The rest is land with mountains, valleys, deserts, and forests in different shades of brown and green.Our atmosphere is made up of different gases like nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. This blanket of air is what allows us to breathe and protects us from most of the Sun's harmful rays. Without it, Earth would be just a frozen, barren rock drifting through space.Speaking of space, our solar system is located in the Milky Way Galaxy, which is a spiral-shaped collection of billions andbillions of stars! Our Sun is just one ordinary star amongst those billions. But it's incredibly important to us because it provides the light and heat that makes life possible on Earth.We have a pretty cool family of 8 planets orbiting around the Sun in elliptical, oval-shaped paths. I'll tell you about each one, starting from the closest to the Sun:Mercury is the smallest and closest planet. It's just a little rocky ball without any atmosphere. During the day, it's insanely hot, but at night it gets incredibly cold!Next up is Venus, which is similar in size to Earth. It has a hellishly hot atmosphere of carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid clouds. Definitely not a fun place to visit!Then we have my home planet, the beautiful Earth. We are the largest of the rocky inner planets. I'll go into more detail about Earth in a bit.Mars is the fourth planet and known as the "Red Planet" because of its rusty looking soil. It's a freezing cold desert, but NASA has sent lots of rovers to explore it.The next four planets are much farther out and made of different materials than the inner rocky planets. Jupiter is a massive gas giant made mostly of hydrogen and helium, just likethe Sun. It's famous for its Great Red Spot, which is a raging storm bigger than Earth!Saturn has beautiful icy rings circling all around it. The rings are made of billions of chunks of ice and rock. Saturn itself is another gas planet, but not as big and mighty as Jupiter.Uranus is an odd bluish planet that spins on its side for some weird reason. It also has rings but they're faint and hard to see.Finally, we have Neptune, another gas giant that's a lovely shaded of blue. That's because it has high winds of methane and other gases in the atmosphere.Those are the 8 major planets, but there are lots of other things orbiting our Sun too. There are millions of asteroids, which are kind of like giant rocks tumbling through space. Some are tiny but others are hundreds of miles wide!Then we have comets, which are like dirty ice balls with long tails of gas streaming behind them as they orbit close to the Sun. Meteors are smaller pieces of rock and dust that often burn up as they enter Earth's atmosphere, creating pretty shooting stars.Way out past the planets is the Kuiper Belt, which is like a frozen junk yard full of ancient asteroids, comets, and dwarf planets like Pluto and Eris. And surrounding everything is theOort Cloud, a massive spherical cloud of trillions of comet nuclei that marks the outer boundary of our solar system.There's so much more I could tell you, but let me focus on my home planet Earth for a little while now. We are perfectly situated in what scientists call the "Goldilocks Zone" around our Sun - not too hot and not too cold for liquid water to exist. How cool is that?Earth's surface is divided into several major continents. I live on the North American continent. We have Africa, South America, Europe, Asia, Antarctica, and some others too like Australia. All the continents are surrounded by five huge oceans - Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, and Southern.The forests, jungles, mountains, and oceans are home to an incredible variety of living things. We have all kinds of plants, trees, fungi, and over a million identified species of insects. There are fish and whales in the oceans, birds that can fly, reptiles that slither, and fuzzy mammals like cats, dogs, bears, and us humans! s are pretty special because we are one of the only species (that we know of) that is intelligent enough to study our world through science, philosophize about our existence, create art and music, and build amazing feats of engineering. Some peoplebelieve aliens like yourselves may be the only other intelligent beings out there!Of course, not everything about Earth is perfect. We still have things like earthquakes, volcanoes, hurricanes and other natural disasters caused by the awesome power of nature. Humans have also made some messes with pollution, deforestation, climate change and wars. But overall, Earth is an astonishingly beautiful and life-filled world.I could go on and on about our planet's geography, the amazing cycles of weather and seasons, and all the fascinating living creatures. But I'm running out of room, so let me just quickly say a few more words about space itself.As vast as our solar system is, it's just one tiny speck amidst billions of other solar systems and stars in the Milky Way Galaxy. And our galaxy is only one of billions more galaxies strewn across the entire universe, each containing billions or trillions of stars! It's almost too big to comprehend.What's really crazy is that the Universe started from a single point in an enormously hot Big Bang event about 13.8 billion years ago. All the matter and energy that makes up every star, planet, and galaxy was once compacted into an infinitely smallspeck. Then it all expanded outward and is still expanding to this very day!Astronomers can only see so far into the depths of space with our telescopes. But who knows what other intriguing celestial phenomena, unknown forces, alien civilizations, or cosmic wonders might exist in the vast stretches of the Universe yet unexplored by humanity?Well, I think that's about all the interplanetary wisdom I can share for now! Thank you so much for letting me tell you about Earth and our little corner of space. I sure hope you cosmic visitors enjoyed learning about our planet as much as I enjoyed sharing. Maybe someday soon I'll get to travel to your worlds too! Until then, take care!Sincerely,Jamie, Resident of Planet Earth篇3Hello Alien Friends!My name is Timmy and I'm 8 years old. I live on a amazing planet called Earth. I'm so excited to tell you all about my home world and the huge universe it's a part of!Earth is the third planet from the Sun in our Solar System. The Sun is a big hot star that gives us heat and light. Without it, Earth would be a frozen, dark place with no life. The Sun looks small from Earth, but it's actually a giant ball of gas over a million miles wide!Earth itself is a spherical rocky planet covered in water, land, and air. The rocky part is made up of different continents and islands. I live on the continent called North America. My favorite places are the forests, beaches, and mountains. So much cool nature to explore!A huge amount of Earth's surface (over 70%) is covered by liquid water oceans. The deepest parts are called the Mariana Trench and go down almost 7 miles! The oceans have amazing sea creatures like whales, sharks, octopuses, and millions of different fish.I love learning about all the incredible animals that live on Earth's lands too. My favorites are elephants, lions, bears, and monkeys. There are actually millions of species of animals, insects, plants, and other living things here. Life is absolutely everywhere!But the most important thing for life is Earth's atmosphere. The atmosphere is made of air that we can breathe. It surroundsthe whole planet with a blanket of gasses like oxygen, nitrogen, and just a little bit of carbon dioxide and other gasses. I heard some planets don't even have air! Hard to imagine.Up above the atmosphere, there is outer space. It goes on literally forever in all directions. Millions of galaxies are out there, each one a giant group of millions or billions of stars. Our galaxy is called the Milky Way and our Solar System is way out on one of its spiral arms.In our little Solar System, there are 8 major planets that orbit the Sun in oval-shaped paths called ellipses. After Earth, there are Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Those last four are made of gas so they don't have any solid surface to stand on. There are also lots of smaller objects like asteroids and comets.Some of the planets have rings around them made of rocky debris and ice particles. Saturn's rings are absolutely amazing - massive and beautiful! Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune also have dozens of moons orbiting them. Earth is lucky to have just one moon that goes around it.Our moon looks bright in the night sky because it reflects sunlight. During a lunar eclipse, the Earth's shadow covers the moon and makes it look red or orange. A solar eclipse happens when the moon moves directly between Earth and the Sun - themoon's shadow crosses part of Earth and the sun looks like it has a big bite taken out of it!Speaking of the Sun, it actually has some moons itself! The moons are the 8 major planets and all the other objects orbiting and circling around it. The whole Solar System rotates around the center of our Milky Way galaxy once every 230 million years or so! That's an insanely long time.But the universe is even bigger than galaxies. As far as we can tell, the universe started from a single point 13.8 billion years ago, then rapidly expanded outwards in a massive Big Bang. After that, the first stars and galaxies slowly formed out of clouds of hydrogen gas. The expansion is still happening today!There could be trillions of other planets besides Earth with life on them, scattered across the universe. I sure hope some of them have super smart aliens like you who can visit our planet someday! I have so many other questions to ask.Like what kind of technology do you have? Can your spaceships travel at the speed of light? What powers your rockets or warp drives? Have you been to other galaxies before? Do you know if there are alternate dimensions or universes? What's at the very edge of the cosmos?Maybe your alien scientists can help solve some other mysteries we have, like: What caused the Big Bang to happen in the first place? Why does gravity exist and how does it work? Where did all the matter in the universe originally come from? Is there an end to how many dimensions reality can have?Our human minds can barely comprehend how big and amazing the cosmos is. The vastness of space and time just boggles my little brain! But I'm going to keep studying it with my telescope and reading lots of books about astrophysics when I get older.At least until you aliens give me a ride on your starship so I can go exploring the galaxy myself! That would be my biggest dream come true. Just think of all the alien civilizations, exotic planets, strange nebulas and anomalies I could encounter out there. I'm getting goosebumps imagining it!Anyway, I hope this letter helps you understand more about my home planet and our tiny little neck of the universe here. Earth is an awesome place to live, but I know the rest of the cosmos has to be even more spectacular.Let me know if you need any other info about Earth, humans, our science, cultures, or anything at all. I'll do my best toenlighten my new alien buddies! Getting to be the first kid Ambassador to extraterrestrials would be so amazingly cool.Thanks for visiting our planet and letting me ramble on and on. I'll sign off for now and go do my Earth homework. But I can't wait to learn more about your alien cultures, technologies, and home worlds light years away. This is all so epic!Talk to you soon, space friends!Your Pal,Timmy。

Omega HX200 湿度传感器用户指南说明书

Omega HX200 湿度传感器用户指南说明书

User’s Gui d eShop o nline a t SME-mail:**************For latest product manuals:HX200 Dew point/RH Transmitter **************Servicing North America:U.S.A. Omega Engineering, Inc.Headquarters: Toll-Free: 1-800-826-6342 (USA & Canada o n l y)Customer Service: 1-800-622-2378 (USA & Canada only)Engineering Service: 1-800-872-9436 (USA & Canada only)Tel: (203) 359-1660 Fax: (203) 359-7700E-mail:**************For Other Locations Visit /worldwideThe information contained in this document is believed to be correct, but OMEGA accepts no liability for any errors it contains, and reserves the right to alter specifications without notice.HX200 SeriesQUICK STARTUP GUIDEInstalling the probe for compressed air and dryer applications.For the HX200HDInstall fitting on to probe fitting threads facing the probe‘s sinter filterApply Teflon tape to the external threads of the fittingSlide probe to desire depth. Note: be sure sinter filter is clear of the ferrule on the NPT fitting, hand tight and then use a wrench a do a quarter turn,Check for leaks, if leaks occur tightened down on fitting another 1/8” turn until leaks have been eliminated, probe is rated to 750psiInstalling the probe for environmental applicationsFor the HX200HRMount probe using a ½” (ID) mounting clamp (not provided) over probe and attached it to asurface where measuring. Avoid installation in direct line with water injection.For the mounting the HX200 series ElectronicsMount the electronics with two # 8 sheet metals screwsMounting centers are 3.1” from each otherPower 12 to 28Vdc, 24 Vdc (typ) 25mA maxConnect red wire (+) to the positive excitation source and the black wire (-) to a negativeexcitation. The output load if isolated from the excitation voltage can be in line with either the red or black wire. If the load shares a common connection to the negative excitation voltage, the HX200 (-) terminals must be connected to the (+) of the load device.Verify that the received signal is in agreement with the display value.Things to avoid: submersion in liquids, condensing conditions and dew points above 95C (live steam)Quick reminder: provide sufficient air flow to sensor (positioning of sensor is important because response time can be effected.INTRODUCTION3.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTIONThe HX200 Series is a family of humidity probes and electronic modules that offer %RH and dew point measurements with NIST traceable calibration. All stainless steel probe construction coupled with a high temperature cable allows up to 200c operations. For pressure applications the probe is capable of handling 750PSI.The HX200 series comes in 2 versions, dew point (HX200HD) and % RH (HX200HR)The HX200HD pressure version has an enhance calibration for measuring dew points down to -60C. The HX200HR -RH version has an accuracy of +/-1.0% at 25C. The probe and electronics provide a single two wire loop powered 4-20mA interface. The units accept a voltage source from 12 to 28Vdc, 24Vdc is recommended. These units will display temperature along with RH or dew point depending on the version selected. The RS232 allows a user to scale their outputs ranges as well as displayed units. The unit and sensor are connected via a 1meter high temperature cable. This unit has a single output, 4-20mA output wiring and can provide a signal up to 400 ft.3.2.1 HX200 SeriesOperating temperature: 0C to 200C, no- condensation condition, non-steam applications, max dew point 95C Electronics 0C to 85CAll units will come with a traceable NIST calibration certificate.For the HX200HRHX200HR is ideal for environmental chamber, clean rooms and high temperature applicationsOne Analog Output: 4-20mA Loop Power corresponds 0-100%RHOutput signal resolution: 0.03%RHDigital Output: bi directional RS-232C outputs will display RH, dew point and temperature, inthe streaming command. The loop power will not function if reading via theRS232Power Supply: 12 to 28Vdc, 25 mA max. 24Vdc recommendedDisplay resolutions: 0.1% RHRH Accuracy: +/- 1% at 25CTemp. Accuracy: +/- 0.5°C from 0 to 100C, >100C +/-1CMounting: Cable Length: 1 meterSS Material: probe, sinter filter and fittingDimensions of Probe: Length: 6.5” (185mm), O.D.: 0.5” (13mm)For the HX200HDHX200HD is an ideal unit for compressed air and dryer applications.One Analog Output: 4-20mA Loop Power corresponds -60 to 40C dew pointOutput signal resolution: 0.03CDigital Output: bi directional RS-232C outputs will display RH, dew point and temperature, inthe streaming command. The loop power will not function if reading via theRS232Power Supply: 12 to 28Vdc, 25 mA max.Display resolutions: 0.1CDew Point:Accuracy: +/- 1.0C from 40c to -20C, +/-3.0C <-20CTemp. Accuracy: +/- 0.5°C from 0 to 100C, >100C +/-1CMounting: Cable Length: 1 meterSS Material: probe, sinter filter and fittingFitting: ½”NPT stainless steel (included)Pressure rating: 750psiDimensions of Probe: Length: 6.5” (185mm), O.D.: 0.5” (13mm)Switches for DP or RH and Fahrenheit or CelsiusLocated on the circuit board there are two switches. The switch on the left will allow for the customer to switch between DP or RH and the switch on the right allows for the customer to switch between Celsius and Fahrenheit.Communications from PC to the deviceYou can stream line your data via the RS232 that gives you all three measurement unitsUsing the terminal emulation program, i.e.: HyperTerminal, Tera term, etc. Rs232 SETTINGS19.2k Baud RateFlow control: none8 BitsNo Parity1 Stop BitUpdate rate is 5 seconds for dew point, or RH and temperatureTo change the scalingConnect the HX200 series to the PC via the above settingsWhen finished connecting to the PC and the protocol is set:Hit the “escape” keyThe main menu will appear (upper case lettering is used to change the commands) (O)utput(R)s232E(X)itSelect output and follow the instructionIt will show the present scaling and if you want to change the scaling, select S for Set and enter the scaling change.Select ‘Y” to save settings and X for exit until see to see live data streaming on your PC, the new scaling has been changedWARRANTY/DISCLAIMEROMEGA ENGINEERING, INC. warrants this unit to be free of defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 13 months from date of purchase. OMEGA’s WARRANTY adds an additional one (1) month grace period to the normal one (1) year product warranty to cover handling and shipping time. This ensures that OMEGA’s customers receive maximum coverage on each product.If the unit malf unctions, it must be returned to the factory for evaluation. OMEGA’s Customer Service Department will issue an Authorized Return (AR) number immediately upon phone or written request. Upon examination by OMEGA, if the unit is found to be defective, it will be repaired or replaced at no charge. OMEGA’s WARRANTY does not apply to defects resulting from any action of the purchaser, including but not limited to mishandling, improper interfacing, operation outside of design limits, improper repair, or unauthorized modification. This WARRANTY is VOID if the unit shows evidence of having been tampered with or shows evidence of having been damaged as a result of excessive corrosion; or current, heat, moisture or vibration; improper specification; misapplication; misuse or other operating conditions outside of OMEGA’s control. Components in which wear is not warranted, include but are not limited to contact points, fuses, and triacs.OMEGA is pleased to offer suggestions on the use of its various products. However, OMEGA neither assumes responsibility for any omissions or errors nor assumes liability for any damages that result from the use of its products in accordance with information provided by OMEGA, either verbal or written. OMEGA warrants only that the parts manufactured by the company will be as specified and free of defects. OMEGA MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, EXCEPT THAT OF TITLE, AND ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED. LIMITATION O F LIABILITY: The remedies of purchaser set forth herein are exclusive, and the total liability of OMEGA with respect to this order, whether based on contract, warranty, negligence, indemnification, and strict liability or otherwise, shall not exceed the purchase price of the component upon which liability is based. In no event shall OMEGA be liable for consequential, incidental or special damages.CONDITIONS: Equipment sold by OMEGA is not intended to be used, nor shall it be used: (1) as a “Basic Component” under 10 CFR 21 (NRC), used in or with any nuclear installation or activity; or (2) in medical applications or used on humans. Should any Product(s) be used in or with any nuclear installation or activity, medical application, used on humans, or misused in any way, OMEGA assumes no responsibility as set forth in our basic WARRANTY/DISCLAIMER language, and, additionally, purchaser will indemnify OMEGA and hold OMEGA harmless from any liability or damage whatsoever arising out of the use of the Product(s) in such a manner.RETURN REQUESTS/INQUIRIESDirect all warranty and repair requests/inquiries to the OMEGA Customer Service Department. BEFORE RETURNING ANY PRODUCT(S) TO OMEGA, PURCHASER MUST OBTAIN AN AUTHORIZED RETURN (AR) NUMBER FROM OMEGA’S CUSTOMER SERVICE DEPARTMENT (IN ORDER TO AVOID PROCESSING DELAYS). The assigned AR number should then be marked on the outside of the return package and on any correspondence.The purchaser is responsible for shipping charges, freight, insurance and proper packaging to prevent breakage in transit.FOR WARRANTY RETURNS, please have the following information available BEFORE contacting OMEGA:1. Purchase Order number under which the productwas PURCHASED,2. Model and serial number of the product underwarranty, and3. Repair instructions and/or specific problemsrelative to the product.FOR NON-WARRANTY R EPAIRS, consult OMEGA for current repair charges. Havethe following information available BEFORE contacting OMEGA:1. Purchase Order number to cover the COSTof the repair,2. Model and serial number of the product, and3. Repair instructions and/or specific problemsrelative to the product.OMEGA’s policy is to make running changes, not model changes, whenever an improvement is possible. This affords our customers the latest in technology and engineering.OMEGA is a registered trademark of OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC.© Copyright 2016 OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC. All rights reserved. This document may not be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC.Where Do I Find Everything I Need for Process Measurement and Control?OMEGA…Of Course!Shop o nline a t o SMTEMPERATUREM U Thermocouple, RTD & Thermistor Probes, Connectors, Panels & AssembliesM U Wire: Thermocouple, RTD & ThermistorM U Calibrators & Ice Point ReferencesM U Recorders, Controllers & Process MonitorsM U Infrared PyrometersPRESSURE, STRAIN AND FORCEM U Transducers & Strain GagesM U Load Cells & Pressure GagesM U Displacement TransducersM U Instrumentation & AccessoriesFLOW/LEVELM U Rotameters, Gas Mass Flowmeters & Flow ComputersM U Air Velocity IndicatorsM U Turbine/Paddlewheel SystemsM U Totalizers & Batch ControllerspH/CONDUCTIVITYM U pH Electrodes, Testers & AccessoriesM U Benchtop/Laboratory MetersM U Controllers, Calibrators, Simulators & PumpsM U Industrial pH & Conductivity EquipmentDATA ACQUISITIONM U Communications-Based Acquisition SystemsM U Data Logging SystemsM U Wireless Sensors, Transmitters, & ReceiversM U Signal ConditionersM U Data Acquisition SoftwareHEATERSM U Heating CableM U Cartridge & Strip HeatersM U Immersion & Band HeatersM U Flexible HeatersM U Laboratory HeatersENVIRONMENTALMONITORING AND CONTROLM U Metering & Control InstrumentationM U RefractometersM U Pumps & TubingM U Air, Soil & Water MonitorsM U Industrial Water & Wastewater TreatmentM U pH, Conductivity & Dissolved Oxygen InstrumentsM5617/0916。

Glider Flying Handbook说明书

Glider Flying Handbook说明书

Glider Flying Handbook2013U.S. Department of TransportationFEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATIONFlight Standards Servicei iPrefaceThe Glider Flying Handbook is designed as a technical manual for applicants who are preparing for glider category rating and for currently certificated glider pilots who wish to improve their knowledge. Certificated flight instructors will find this handbook a valuable training aid, since detailed coverage of aeronautical decision-making, components and systems, aerodynamics, flight instruments, performance limitations, ground operations, flight maneuvers, traffic patterns, emergencies, soaring weather, soaring techniques, and cross-country flight is included. Topics such as radio navigation and communication, use of flight information publications, and regulations are available in other Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) publications.The discussion and explanations reflect the most commonly used practices and principles. Occasionally, the word “must” or similar language is used where the desired action is deemed critical. The use of such language is not intended to add to, interpret, or relieve a duty imposed by Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR). Persons working towards a glider rating are advised to review the references from the applicable practical test standards (FAA-G-8082-4, Sport Pilot and Flight Instructor with a Sport Pilot Rating Knowledge Test Guide, FAA-G-8082-5, Commercial Pilot Knowledge Test Guide, and FAA-G-8082-17, Recreational Pilot and Private Pilot Knowledge Test Guide). Resources for study include FAA-H-8083-25, Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, FAA-H-8083-2, Risk Management Handbook, and Advisory Circular (AC) 00-6, Aviation Weather For Pilots and Flight Operations Personnel, AC 00-45, Aviation Weather Services, as these documents contain basic material not duplicated herein. All beginning applicants should refer to FAA-H-8083-25, Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, for study and basic library reference.It is essential for persons using this handbook to become familiar with and apply the pertinent parts of 14 CFR and the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM). The AIM is available online at . The current Flight Standards Service airman training and testing material and learning statements for all airman certificates and ratings can be obtained from .This handbook supersedes FAA-H-8083-13, Glider Flying Handbook, dated 2003. Always select the latest edition of any publication and check the website for errata pages and listing of changes to FAA educational publications developed by the FAA’s Airman Testing Standards Branch, AFS-630.This handbook is available for download, in PDF format, from .This handbook is published by the United States Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Airman Testing Standards Branch, AFS-630, P.O. Box 25082, Oklahoma City, OK 73125.Comments regarding this publication should be sent, in email form, to the following address:********************************************John M. AllenDirector, Flight Standards Serviceiiii vAcknowledgmentsThe Glider Flying Handbook was produced by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) with the assistance of Safety Research Corporation of America (SRCA). The FAA wishes to acknowledge the following contributors: Sue Telford of Telford Fishing & Hunting Services for images used in Chapter 1JerryZieba () for images used in Chapter 2Tim Mara () for images used in Chapters 2 and 12Uli Kremer of Alexander Schleicher GmbH & Co for images used in Chapter 2Richard Lancaster () for images and content used in Chapter 3Dave Nadler of Nadler & Associates for images used in Chapter 6Dave McConeghey for images used in Chapter 6John Brandon (www.raa.asn.au) for images and content used in Chapter 7Patrick Panzera () for images used in Chapter 8Jeff Haby (www.theweatherprediction) for images used in Chapter 8National Soaring Museum () for content used in Chapter 9Bill Elliot () for images used in Chapter 12.Tiffany Fidler for images used in Chapter 12.Additional appreciation is extended to the Soaring Society of America, Inc. (), the Soaring Safety Foundation, and Mr. Brad Temeyer and Mr. Bill Martin from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for their technical support and input.vv iPreface (iii)Acknowledgments (v)Table of Contents (vii)Chapter 1Gliders and Sailplanes ........................................1-1 Introduction....................................................................1-1 Gliders—The Early Years ..............................................1-2 Glider or Sailplane? .......................................................1-3 Glider Pilot Schools ......................................................1-4 14 CFR Part 141 Pilot Schools ...................................1-5 14 CFR Part 61 Instruction ........................................1-5 Glider Certificate Eligibility Requirements ...................1-5 Common Glider Concepts ..............................................1-6 Terminology...............................................................1-6 Converting Metric Distance to Feet ...........................1-6 Chapter 2Components and Systems .................................2-1 Introduction....................................................................2-1 Glider Design .................................................................2-2 The Fuselage ..................................................................2-4 Wings and Components .............................................2-4 Lift/Drag Devices ...........................................................2-5 Empennage .....................................................................2-6 Towhook Devices .......................................................2-7 Powerplant .....................................................................2-7 Self-Launching Gliders .............................................2-7 Sustainer Engines .......................................................2-8 Landing Gear .................................................................2-8 Wheel Brakes .............................................................2-8 Chapter 3Aerodynamics of Flight .......................................3-1 Introduction....................................................................3-1 Forces of Flight..............................................................3-2 Newton’s Third Law of Motion .................................3-2 Lift ..............................................................................3-2The Effects of Drag on a Glider .....................................3-3 Parasite Drag ..............................................................3-3 Form Drag ...............................................................3-3 Skin Friction Drag ..................................................3-3 Interference Drag ....................................................3-5 Total Drag...................................................................3-6 Wing Planform ...........................................................3-6 Elliptical Wing ........................................................3-6 Rectangular Wing ...................................................3-7 Tapered Wing .........................................................3-7 Swept-Forward Wing ..............................................3-7 Washout ..................................................................3-7 Glide Ratio .................................................................3-8 Aspect Ratio ............................................................3-9 Weight ........................................................................3-9 Thrust .........................................................................3-9 Three Axes of Rotation ..................................................3-9 Stability ........................................................................3-10 Flutter .......................................................................3-11 Lateral Stability ........................................................3-12 Turning Flight ..............................................................3-13 Load Factors .................................................................3-13 Radius of Turn ..........................................................3-14 Turn Coordination ....................................................3-15 Slips ..........................................................................3-15 Forward Slip .........................................................3-16 Sideslip .................................................................3-17 Spins .........................................................................3-17 Ground Effect ...............................................................3-19 Chapter 4Flight Instruments ...............................................4-1 Introduction....................................................................4-1 Pitot-Static Instruments ..................................................4-2 Impact and Static Pressure Lines................................4-2 Airspeed Indicator ......................................................4-2 The Effects of Altitude on the AirspeedIndicator..................................................................4-3 Types of Airspeed ...................................................4-3Table of ContentsviiAirspeed Indicator Markings ......................................4-5 Other Airspeed Limitations ........................................4-6 Altimeter .....................................................................4-6 Principles of Operation ...........................................4-6 Effect of Nonstandard Pressure andTemperature............................................................4-7 Setting the Altimeter (Kollsman Window) .............4-9 Types of Altitude ......................................................4-10 Variometer................................................................4-11 Total Energy System .............................................4-14 Netto .....................................................................4-14 Electronic Flight Computers ....................................4-15 Magnetic Compass .......................................................4-16 Yaw String ................................................................4-16 Inclinometer..............................................................4-16 Gyroscopic Instruments ...............................................4-17 G-Meter ........................................................................4-17 FLARM Collision Avoidance System .........................4-18 Chapter 5Glider Performance .............................................5-1 Introduction....................................................................5-1 Factors Affecting Performance ......................................5-2 High and Low Density Altitude Conditions ...........5-2 Atmospheric Pressure .............................................5-2 Altitude ...................................................................5-3 Temperature............................................................5-3 Wind ...........................................................................5-3 Weight ........................................................................5-5 Rate of Climb .................................................................5-7 Flight Manuals and Placards ..........................................5-8 Placards ......................................................................5-8 Performance Information ...........................................5-8 Glider Polars ...............................................................5-8 Weight and Balance Information .............................5-10 Limitations ...............................................................5-10 Weight and Balance .....................................................5-12 Center of Gravity ......................................................5-12 Problems Associated With CG Forward ofForward Limit .......................................................5-12 Problems Associated With CG Aft of Aft Limit ..5-13 Sample Weight and Balance Problems ....................5-13 Ballast ..........................................................................5-14 Chapter 6Preflight and Ground Operations .......................6-1 Introduction....................................................................6-1 Assembly and Storage Techniques ................................6-2 Trailering....................................................................6-3 Tiedown and Securing ................................................6-4Water Ballast ..............................................................6-4 Ground Handling........................................................6-4 Launch Equipment Inspection ....................................6-5 Glider Preflight Inspection .........................................6-6 Prelaunch Checklist ....................................................6-7 Glider Care .....................................................................6-7 Preventive Maintenance .............................................6-8 Chapter 7Launch and Recovery Procedures and Flight Maneuvers ............................................................7-1 Introduction....................................................................7-1 Aerotow Takeoff Procedures .........................................7-2 Signals ........................................................................7-2 Prelaunch Signals ....................................................7-2 Inflight Signals ........................................................7-3 Takeoff Procedures and Techniques ..........................7-3 Normal Assisted Takeoff............................................7-4 Unassisted Takeoff.....................................................7-5 Crosswind Takeoff .....................................................7-5 Assisted ...................................................................7-5 Unassisted...............................................................7-6 Aerotow Climb-Out ....................................................7-6 Aerotow Release.........................................................7-8 Slack Line ...................................................................7-9 Boxing the Wake ......................................................7-10 Ground Launch Takeoff Procedures ............................7-11 CG Hooks .................................................................7-11 Signals ......................................................................7-11 Prelaunch Signals (Winch/Automobile) ...............7-11 Inflight Signals ......................................................7-12 Tow Speeds ..............................................................7-12 Automobile Launch ..................................................7-14 Crosswind Takeoff and Climb .................................7-14 Normal Into-the-Wind Launch .................................7-15 Climb-Out and Release Procedures ..........................7-16 Self-Launch Takeoff Procedures ..............................7-17 Preparation and Engine Start ....................................7-17 Taxiing .....................................................................7-18 Pretakeoff Check ......................................................7-18 Normal Takeoff ........................................................7-19 Crosswind Takeoff ...................................................7-19 Climb-Out and Shutdown Procedures ......................7-19 Landing .....................................................................7-21 Gliderport/Airport Traffic Patterns and Operations .....7-22 Normal Approach and Landing ................................7-22 Crosswind Landing ..................................................7-25 Slips ..........................................................................7-25 Downwind Landing ..................................................7-27 After Landing and Securing .....................................7-27viiiPerformance Maneuvers ..............................................7-27 Straight Glides ..........................................................7-27 Turns.........................................................................7-28 Roll-In ...................................................................7-29 Roll-Out ................................................................7-30 Steep Turns ...........................................................7-31 Maneuvering at Minimum Controllable Airspeed ...7-31 Stall Recognition and Recovery ...............................7-32 Secondary Stalls ....................................................7-34 Accelerated Stalls .................................................7-34 Crossed-Control Stalls ..........................................7-35 Operating Airspeeds .....................................................7-36 Minimum Sink Airspeed ..........................................7-36 Best Glide Airspeed..................................................7-37 Speed to Fly ..............................................................7-37 Chapter 8Abnormal and Emergency Procedures .............8-1 Introduction....................................................................8-1 Porpoising ......................................................................8-2 Pilot-Induced Oscillations (PIOs) ..............................8-2 PIOs During Launch ...................................................8-2 Factors Influencing PIOs ........................................8-2 Improper Elevator Trim Setting ..............................8-3 Improper Wing Flaps Setting ..................................8-3 Pilot-Induced Roll Oscillations During Launch .........8-3 Pilot-Induced Yaw Oscillations During Launch ........8-4 Gust-Induced Oscillations ..............................................8-5 Vertical Gusts During High-Speed Cruise .................8-5 Pilot-Induced Pitch Oscillations During Landing ......8-6 Glider-Induced Oscillations ...........................................8-6 Pitch Influence of the Glider Towhook Position ........8-6 Self-Launching Glider Oscillations During Powered Flight ...........................................................8-7 Nosewheel Glider Oscillations During Launchesand Landings ..............................................................8-7 Tailwheel/Tailskid Equipped Glider Oscillations During Launches and Landings ..................................8-8 Aerotow Abnormal and Emergency Procedures ............8-8 Abnormal Procedures .................................................8-8 Towing Failures........................................................8-10 Tow Failure With Runway To Land and Stop ......8-11 Tow Failure Without Runway To Land BelowReturning Altitude ................................................8-11 Tow Failure Above Return to Runway Altitude ...8-11 Tow Failure Above 800' AGL ..............................8-12 Tow Failure Above Traffic Pattern Altitude .........8-13 Slack Line .................................................................8-13 Ground Launch Abnormal and Emergency Procedures ....................................................................8-14 Abnormal Procedures ...............................................8-14 Emergency Procedures .............................................8-14 Self-Launch Takeoff Emergency Procedures ..............8-15 Emergency Procedures .............................................8-15 Spiral Dives ..................................................................8-15 Spins .............................................................................8-15 Entry Phase ...............................................................8-17 Incipient Phase .........................................................8-17 Developed Phase ......................................................8-17 Recovery Phase ........................................................8-17 Off-Field Landing Procedures .....................................8-18 Afterlanding Off Field .............................................8-20 Off-Field Landing Without Injury ........................8-20 Off-Field Landing With Injury .............................8-20 System and Equipment Malfunctions ..........................8-20 Flight Instrument Malfunctions ................................8-20 Airspeed Indicator Malfunctions ..........................8-21 Altimeter Malfunctions .........................................8-21 Variometer Malfunctions ......................................8-21 Compass Malfunctions .........................................8-21 Glider Canopy Malfunctions ....................................8-21 Broken Glider Canopy ..........................................8-22 Frosted Glider Canopy ..........................................8-22 Water Ballast Malfunctions ......................................8-22 Retractable Landing Gear Malfunctions ..................8-22 Primary Flight Control Systems ...............................8-22 Elevator Malfunctions ..........................................8-22 Aileron Malfunctions ............................................8-23 Rudder Malfunctions ............................................8-24 Secondary Flight Controls Systems .........................8-24 Elevator Trim Malfunctions .................................8-24 Spoiler/Dive Brake Malfunctions .........................8-24 Miscellaneous Flight System Malfunctions .................8-25 Towhook Malfunctions ............................................8-25 Oxygen System Malfunctions ..................................8-25 Drogue Chute Malfunctions .....................................8-25 Self-Launching Gliders ................................................8-26 Self-Launching/Sustainer Glider Engine Failure During Takeoff or Climb ..........................................8-26 Inability to Restart a Self-Launching/SustainerGlider Engine While Airborne .................................8-27 Self-Launching Glider Propeller Malfunctions ........8-27 Self-Launching Glider Electrical System Malfunctions .............................................................8-27 In-flight Fire .............................................................8-28 Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear ...................8-28 Survival Gear Checklists ..........................................8-28 Food and Water ........................................................8-28ixClothing ....................................................................8-28 Communication ........................................................8-29 Navigation Equipment ..............................................8-29 Medical Equipment ..................................................8-29 Stowage ....................................................................8-30 Parachute ..................................................................8-30 Oxygen System Malfunctions ..................................8-30 Accident Prevention .....................................................8-30 Chapter 9Soaring Weather ..................................................9-1 Introduction....................................................................9-1 The Atmosphere .............................................................9-2 Composition ...............................................................9-2 Properties ....................................................................9-2 Temperature............................................................9-2 Density ....................................................................9-2 Pressure ...................................................................9-2 Standard Atmosphere .................................................9-3 Layers of the Atmosphere ..........................................9-4 Scale of Weather Events ................................................9-4 Thermal Soaring Weather ..............................................9-6 Thermal Shape and Structure .....................................9-6 Atmospheric Stability .................................................9-7 Air Masses Conducive to Thermal Soaring ...................9-9 Cloud Streets ..............................................................9-9 Thermal Waves...........................................................9-9 Thunderstorms..........................................................9-10 Lifted Index ..........................................................9-12 K-Index .................................................................9-12 Weather for Slope Soaring .......................................9-14 Mechanism for Wave Formation ..............................9-16 Lift Due to Convergence ..........................................9-19 Obtaining Weather Information ...................................9-21 Preflight Weather Briefing........................................9-21 Weather-ReIated Information ..................................9-21 Interpreting Weather Charts, Reports, andForecasts ......................................................................9-23 Graphic Weather Charts ...........................................9-23 Winds and Temperatures Aloft Forecast ..............9-23 Composite Moisture Stability Chart .....................9-24 Chapter 10Soaring Techniques ..........................................10-1 Introduction..................................................................10-1 Thermal Soaring ...........................................................10-2 Locating Thermals ....................................................10-2 Cumulus Clouds ...................................................10-2 Other Indicators of Thermals ................................10-3 Wind .....................................................................10-4 The Big Picture .....................................................10-5Entering a Thermal ..............................................10-5 Inside a Thermal.......................................................10-6 Bank Angle ...........................................................10-6 Speed .....................................................................10-6 Centering ...............................................................10-7 Collision Avoidance ................................................10-9 Exiting a Thermal .....................................................10-9 Atypical Thermals ..................................................10-10 Ridge/Slope Soaring ..................................................10-10 Traps ......................................................................10-10 Procedures for Safe Flying .....................................10-12 Bowls and Spurs .....................................................10-13 Slope Lift ................................................................10-13 Obstructions ...........................................................10-14 Tips and Techniques ...............................................10-15 Wave Soaring .............................................................10-16 Preflight Preparation ...............................................10-17 Getting Into the Wave ............................................10-18 Flying in the Wave .................................................10-20 Soaring Convergence Zones ...................................10-23 Combined Sources of Updrafts ..............................10-24 Chapter 11Cross-Country Soaring .....................................11-1 Introduction..................................................................11-1 Flight Preparation and Planning ...................................11-2 Personal and Special Equipment ..................................11-3 Navigation ....................................................................11-5 Using the Plotter .......................................................11-5 A Sample Cross-Country Flight ...............................11-5 Navigation Using GPS .............................................11-8 Cross-Country Techniques ...........................................11-9 Soaring Faster and Farther .........................................11-11 Height Bands ..........................................................11-11 Tips and Techniques ...............................................11-12 Special Situations .......................................................11-14 Course Deviations ..................................................11-14 Lost Procedures ......................................................11-14 Cross-Country Flight in a Self-Launching Glider .....11-15 High-Performance Glider Operations and Considerations ............................................................11-16 Glider Complexity ..................................................11-16 Water Ballast ..........................................................11-17 Cross-Country Flight Using Other Lift Sources ........11-17 Chapter 12Towing ................................................................12-1 Introduction..................................................................12-1 Equipment Inspections and Operational Checks .........12-2 Tow Hook ................................................................12-2 Schweizer Tow Hook ...........................................12-2x。

三星智能表广告重概念轻产品苹果索尼坐收渔利

三星智能表广告重概念轻产品苹果索尼坐收渔利

三星智能表广告重概念轻产品苹果索尼坐收渔利三星宣传智能手表概念对手获益(腾讯科技配图)林靖东 10月8日编译三星正在大力宣传它的智能手表Galaxy Gear,然而业内人士认为,三星在该领域的众多竞争对手如索尼和苹果等都将因此而获益。

这听起来有些奇怪,但是情况确实如此。

三星在本周日播出了它为其智能手表Galaxy Gear制作的第一条电视广告,由于智能手表本身属于一种相对比较新的产品,因此它将宣传的重点放在了智能手表背后的概念上,而几乎没有对产品本身进行宣传。

这种热身式的宣传对它的竞争对手来说同样是有益的。

三星发布的两段时长仅1分钟的科学节目和卡通视频都出现了智能手表。

这些广告想要传播的信息很明确,即未来就在这里,功劳尽在三星。

三星为Gear制作的广告与苹果最初为iPhone定制的广告非常相似,实际上它们都是在为新型产品上市铺路。

巨额营销预算过去,三星就已经表现出它愿意在美国市场斥巨资来推广其产品。

据说去年它在美国的广告开支超过了苹果,上周末它在纽约时报上刊登了整整10页的连页广告。

照此来看,为了激起消费者对智能手表这种新型消费者技术的兴趣,三星已经预留了大量的广告预算。

了解技术的消费者可能会很欣赏三星的做法,但三星面临的真正挑战是让不懂技术的普通消费者也接受这种新技术,因此它很可能会发布更多广告来积极推广这一概念。

如果苹果或其他的智能手表厂商此时推出更加成熟完备的智能手表产品,情况就比较有趣了。

优胜劣汰,胜者为王三星的问题并不在于它是第一个打开智能手表市场的厂商,看看iPad 在平板电脑市场享有多么高的品牌认知度就明白了。

它的问题在于消费者是否会认为它的Gear是智能手表中最好的产品。

现在来评判这一点还为时尚早,但这绝对是它的竞争对手可以利用的一个弱点。

Gear的售价为299美元,老实说这个价格并不便宜,因为智能手表要想发挥出所有的功能,还需要借助于它所连接的智能手机。

现在,就看苹果即将推出的智能手表是什么样的了,以及其他厂商是否能够将智能手表这一概念推到更高的水平上。

Omega HH309A Data Logger Thermometer User Manual

Omega HH309A Data Logger Thermometer User Manual

e-mail:**************For latest product manuals:User’s GuideHH309AData Logger ThermometerShop online atIt is the policy of OMEGA Engineering, Inc. to comply with all worldwide safety and EMC/EMI regulations that apply. OMEGA is constantly pursuing certification of its products to the European New Approach Directives. OMEGA will add the CE mark to every appropriate device upon certification.The information contained in this document is believed to be correct, but OMEGA accepts no liability for any errors it contains, and reserves the right to alter specifications without notice.WARNING: These products are not designed for use in, and should not be used for, human applications.CONTENTSTITLE PAGE I. Introduction (1)II. Specifications (1)III. Symbol Definition and Button Location (2)IV. Operation Instructions (3)4.1 Power-Up & turn ON/OFF backlight (3)4.2 Connection the Thermocouples (3)4.3 Selecting the Temperature Scale (3)4.4 Data-Hold Operation (3)4.5 T1-T2 Operation (3)4.6 Record and Erase memory Operation (3)4.7 Clock Setup (3)4.8 Recording Interval Setup (4)4.9 MAX/MIN Operation (4)4.10 Auto Power Off (4)4.11 Low Battery Condition ………………………………….……………………………. ..44.12 Calibration Point (4)4.13 Digital Output (4)V. Setup TestLink SE-309—RS232 interface software (5)(Appendix: Thermocouple probe specification) (6)HH309A I. Introduction:This instrument is a four channel digital thermometer for use with any K-type thermocouple as temperature sensor. Temperature indication follows National Bureau of Standards and IEC584 temperature/voltage table for K-type thermocouples. It internal memory can keep up to 16,000 records per channel. (note1.) It uses RS232 interface to perform bi-directional communication with PC.II. Specifications:Numerical Display: 4 digital Liquid Crystal Display per channel.Measurement Range: -200°C ~ 1370°C -328°F ~ 2498°FResolution:-200°C~ 200°C 0.1°C; 200°C ~1370°C 1°C-200°F~ 200°F 0.1°F; else 1°FInput Protection at Thermocouple Input: 60V DC, or 24Vrms ACEnvironmental:R Operating Temperature and Humidity: 0°C ~50°C (32°F ~ 122°F) ; 0 ~ 80% RHR Storage Temperature and Humidity: -10°C to 60°C (14°F ~ 140°F); 0 ~ 80% RHR Altitude up to 2000 meters.Sample Rate: 3 seconds per periodDimension: 184×64×30mmWeight: 250g Approx.Accessory: K Type Bead Probe×2, Battery, Carrying Case, Instruction Menu, Software program, RS-232 & USB Connection Cable.Power requirement: 9 Volt BatteryBattery Life: Approx. 100hrs with alkaline batteryAC Adapter: 9VDC ±15% 100mAPlug Diameter: 3.5mm×1.35mmOption : AC Adapter Model # HH300-Adapater.note1:Every time you press "REC" button to start recording data and press "REC" button again to stop recording, there will be a data set in memory, you can store as many data sets as you want until memoryis full.1HH309A IV. Operation Instructions:4.1 Power-Up & Turn ON/OFF backlightThe ○I key turns the Thermometer ON or OFF and backlight ON & OFF.Press it once to turn on the Thermometer.Press it again for moment to turn ON or OFF backlight.Press and hold this button 3 second to turn OFF the power.4.2 Connection the ThermocouplesFor measurement, plug the thermocouple into the input connectors.4.3 Selecting the Temperature Scalein the memory and the reading is the present temperature.One may press "MAX MIN" to circulate the display mode among these options.When the meter is under "MAX MIN" operation and “ °C/°F ” button are disabled.(when you press “ °C/°F ” button in "MAX MIN" mode, there will be two continuous beep)To exit the MAX/MIN mode, one may press and hold "MAX MIN" for two seconds.4.10 Auto Power Off:By default, when the meter is powered on, it is under auto power off mode. The meter will powerOne may press and hold “HOLD4.11 Low Battery ConditionHH309A4.12 Calibration Point:input Adjust VR tolerance 0 °C VR1 ± 0.1 °C 190 °C VR2 ± 0.1 °C 1000 °C VR3 ± 1 °C 1900 °F VR4 ± 1 °F4.13 Digital Output:The RX is a 5V normal high input port. The TX is a 5V normal high output port.V . Setup TestLink SE-309 —y The TestLink package contains:1.80mm CD.y System Required:y Minimum Hardware Required:PC or NoteBook with Pentium 90MHz or higher, 32 MB RAM ;At least 5 MB byte hard disk space available to install TestLink. Recommended resolution 800X600.Install TestLink:1.We recommend close all other application before installing TestLink.2.Insert setup CD disk to CD disk drive.3.Choose the Start button on the Taskbar and select Run.4.Type E:\SETUP and choose OK, then it will copy SE309.exe ( executable file ) and help file to your hard disk ( default is c:\program files\TestLink\SE309 ). For detailed other operation instruction, please refer to the online help while executing SE309.P .SNormally, performing offset Calibration with thermal stabled ice water through VR1 will give a very good calibration result.HH309AWARRANTY/DISCLAIMEROMEGA ENGINEERING, INC. warrants this unit to be free of defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 13 months from date of purchase. OMEGA’s WARRANTY adds an additional one (1) month grace period to the normal one (1) year product warranty to cover handling and shipping time. T his ensures that OMEGA’s customers receive maximum coverage on each product.If the unit malfunctions, it must be returned to the factory for evaluation. OMEGA’s Customer Service Department will issue an Authorized Return (AR) number immediately upon phone or written request. Upon examination by OMEGA, if the unit is found to be defective, it will be repaired or replaced at no charge. OMEGA’s WARRANTY does not apply to defects resulting from any action of the purchaser, including but not limited to mishandling, improper interfacing,operation outside of design limits, improper repair, or unauthorized modification. T his WARRANTY is VOID if the unit shows evidence of having been tampered with or shows evidence of having been damaged as a result of excessive corrosion; or current, heat, moisture or vibra-tion; improper specification; misapplication; misuse or other operating conditions outside of OMEGA’s control. Components in which wear is not warranted, include but are not limited to contact points, fuses, and triacs.OMEGA is pleased to offer suggestions on the use of its various products. However, OMEGA neither assumes responsibility for any omissions or errors nor assumes liability for any damages that result from the use of its products in accordance with information provided by OMEGA, either verbal or written. OMEGA warrants only that the parts manufactured by the company will be as specified and free of defects. OMEGA MAKES NO OTHER W ARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND W HATSOEVER,EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, EXCEPT THAT OF TITLE, AND ALL IMPLIED W ARRANTIES INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: The remedies of pur-chaser set forth herein are exclusive, and the total liability of OMEGA with respect to this order, whether based on contract, warranty, negligence, indemnification, strict liability or otherwise, shall not exceed the purchase price of the component upon which liability is based. In no event shall OMEGA be liable for consequential, incidental or special damages.CONDITIONS: Equipment sold by OMEGA is not intended to be used, nor shall it be used: (1) as a “Basic Component” under 10 CFR 21 (NRC), used in or with any nuclear installation or activity;or (2) in medical applications or used on humans. Should any Product(s) be used in or with any nuclear installation or activity, medical application, used on humans, or misused in any way,OMEGA assumes no responsibility as set forth in our basic WARRANTY/ DISCLAIMER language,and, additionally, purchaser will indemnify OMEGA and hold OMEGA harmless from any liability or damage whatsoever arising out of the use of the Product(s) in such a manner.RETURN REQUESTS/INQUIRIESDirect all warranty and repair requests/inquiries to the OMEGA Customer Service Department.BEFORE RET URNING ANY PRODUCT (S) T O OMEGA, PURCHASER MUST OBT AIN AN AUT HORIZED RET URN (AR) NUMBER FROM OMEGA’S CUST OMER SERVICE DEPART MENT (IN ORDER T O AVOID PROCESSING DELAYS). T he assigned AR number should then be marked on the outside of the return package and on any correspondence.The purchaser is responsible for shipping charges, freight, insurance and proper packaging to prevent breakage in transit.FOR WARRANTY RETURNS, please havethe following information available BEFOREcontacting OMEGA:1.Purchase Order number under whichthe product was PURCHASED,2.Model and serial number of the productunder warranty, and3.Repair instructions and/or specificproblems relative to the product.FOR NON-WARRANTY REPAIRS,consult OMEGA for current repair charges. Have the following information available BEFORE contacting OMEGA:1. Purchase Order number to cover the COST of the repair,2.Model and serial number of the product, and 3.Repair instructions and/or specific problemsrelative to the product.OMEGA’s policy is to make running changes, not model changes, whenever an improvement is possible. This affords our customers the latest in technology and engineering.OMEGA is a registered trademark of OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC.© Copyright 2008 OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC. All rights reserved. This document may not be copied, photocopied,reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form, in whole or in part, withoutthe prior written consent of OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC.Where Do I Find Everything I Need for Process Measurement and Control?OMEGA…Of Course!Shop online at SMTEMPERATUREⅪߜThermocouple, RTD & Thermistor Probes, Connectors, Panels & AssembliesⅪߜWire: Thermocouple, RTD & ThermistorⅪߜCalibrators & Ice Point ReferencesⅪߜRecorders, Controllers & Process MonitorsⅪߜInfrared PyrometersPRESSURE, STRAIN AND FORCEⅪߜTransducers & Strain GagesⅪߜLoad Cells & Pressure GagesⅪߜDisplacement TransducersⅪߜInstrumentation & AccessoriesFLOW/LEVELⅪߜRotameters, Gas Mass Flowmeters & Flow ComputersⅪߜAir Velocity IndicatorsⅪߜTurbine/Paddlewheel SystemsⅪߜTotalizers & Batch ControllerspH/CONDUCTIVITYⅪߜpH Electrodes, Testers & AccessoriesⅪߜBenchtop/Laboratory MetersⅪߜControllers, Calibrators, Simulators & PumpsⅪߜIndustrial pH & Conductivity EquipmentDATA ACQUISITIONⅪߜData Acquisition & Engineering SoftwareⅪߜCommunications-Based Acquisition SystemsⅪߜPlug-in Cards for Apple, IBM & CompatiblesⅪߜDatalogging SystemsⅪߜRecorders, Printers & PlottersHEATERSⅪߜHeating CableⅪߜCartridge & Strip HeatersⅪߜImmersion & Band HeatersⅪߜFlexible HeatersⅪߜLaboratory HeatersENVIRONMENTALMONITORING AND CONTROLⅪߜMetering & Control InstrumentationⅪߜRefractometersⅪߜPumps & TubingⅪߜAir, Soil & Water MonitorsⅪߜIndustrial Water & Wastewater TreatmentⅪߜpH, Conductivity & Dissolved Oxygen Instruments M4147A/0508。

金色时代项目 PRE-73 MKIII 微phone 预增功能说明书

金色时代项目 PRE-73 MKIII 微phone 预增功能说明书

W W W .G O L D E N A G E P R O J E C T .C O MIPRE-73 MKIIIINTRODUCTIONCongratulations on choosing the Golden Age Project PRE-73 MKIII microphone preamplifier!The PRE-73 MKIII is a one-channel vintage style microphone-, line- and instrument preamplifier. The signal path uses only discrete components like resistors, capacitors and transistors. The in- and output is trans-former balanced, using two different transformers, each one optimized for its purpose. This is the way audio components were built before integrated circuits became available.Integrated circuits are small and cheap and they are widely used in most modern designs. It is clear though that audio components built with modern technology doesn´t always provide the best perceived sound quality or the type of character that the modern user desires.On the contrary, the subjective sound quality delivered by vintage equipment is often prefered over the one delivered by modern units, a situation that is even more obvious now when music is recorded with clean-sounding digital audio equipment.This is the reason why so many vintage audio components are cloned and produced again and also why the vintage originals are often very expensive on the second hand market.The circuit used in the PRE-73 MKIII is similar to the preamp section in the classical 1073 module with a corresponding sound character that is warm, punchy, sweet and musical. These classic characteristics have been heard on countless recordings through the years and it is a versatile sound that works very well on most sound sources and in most genres.The essence of this sound is now available at a surprisingly low cost, making it available to nearly everyone. FEATURES- Vintage Style electronics. No intergrated circuits in the signal path.- Maximum gain in MIC mode is 80 dB, enough to handle passive ribbon mics with quiet sound sources.- GAIN switch range 20 - 80 dB. GAIN/LINE mode switch, gain is reduced by 30 dB in LINE mode. - Selectable two position high frequency AIR boost eq, 3 or 6 dB @ 30 kHz.- Selectable 6 dB/octave two frequency high pass filter at around 40 (HP1) and 170 Hz (HP2).- Tantalum capacitors in the signal path.- Switchable impedance in MIC mode, 1200 or 300 Ohms, will change the tone of most mics. The input impedance in LINE mode is 10 kohm.- Switchable phantom power and absolute phase.- A high-impedance instrument input for any sound module, electric guitar or bass.- A simple but effective 4-step LED output level meter.- The output level control makes it possible to make fine gain adjustments and also to overload the main gain stage(s) for more character and then lower the signal to a suitable level before the output stage.- Combo XLR/TRS input jack and separate output XLR and TRS jacks for flexible connections.- Insert jack for inserting EQ´s and other units.- Selectable 600 ohm output termination.- The pcb is prepared for the Carnhill input transformer.- External power supply to avoid interaction with the audio circuits and transformers.CIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONThe signal first enters the input trans-former. The primary of the transformerhas two windings that are either con-nected in series or in parallell whichresults in an input impedance of either1200 Ohms or 300 Ohms in MIC mode. Aresistive balanced -30dB pad is insertedbefore the transformer in LINE mode. The transformer is followed by two input gain stages. For gains up to 50dB, only one of them is being used. For gains above 50dB, the second gain stage is inserted in the signal path. Both gain stages uses only three transistors each.The signal then goes to the insert jack and from there to the output level potentiometer and then to the output stage. This stage again only uses three transistors, the last one in the chain is a hefty 2N3055 power transistor run in class-A mode, driving the output transformer.So, all in all, the complete signal chain only contains a maximum of nine active elements. Compare that to the big number of tran-sistors that are usually used in one single integrated circuit! MODERN VERSUS OLDIt is true that there are some great IC´s available today that achieves very low levels of static and dynamic distortion.The simple circuits that the PRE-73 MKIII uses, and even more so the transformers, cannot match the low distortion specifications of modern IC´s.It is the distortion components that imparts a sound characterto the audio signal and, if the distortion components are of the right type, this is a good thing since it makes the recorded voice or instrument sound “better”, more musical, more pleasing to the ear. This is one reason why vintage style units are so popular today.This is not to suggest that modern, transparent sounding audio circuits is a bad thing, sometimes they are prefered over colored ones. It´s all about taste and it depends on the genre. For most modern music styles, color and character is definitely a good thing.And doesn´t it feel good to use audio components built according to the old, minimalistic approach where one can follow the signal from one discrete component to another?USING THE PRE-73 MKIIIUsing a preamplifier is not rocket science. Here are some points though to help you getting the maximum out of the PRE-73 MKIII: - Connect the cable from the power supply to the AC 24V connec-tor at the back of the PRE-73 MKIII. Power on the unit with the POWER switch on the front panel.- Connect your Mic or Line input source to the input XLR/TRS combo jack on the back panel.- Select MIC or LINE mode by the MIC/LINE switch.- Engage one of the positions of the High Pass filter if you wantto roll off the lower frequency range. Set the switch in the center position to remove the high pass filter from the signal path.- Engage one of the two positions of the AIR eq boost if you want to add some level in the upper frequency range. The center of the boost is at around 30 kHz. The switch center position = OFF.- If you want the smallest amount of coloration, always set the OUTPUT level potentiometer at or close to maximum and adjust the output level with the stepped GAIN switch.- If you want more character, turn the OUTPUT level potentio- meter counterclock-wise and increase the gain with the GAIN switch. This will drive the input gain stage(s) harder and provoke more character from them.- You can also overdrive the output stage and the output trans-former for even more character, but you will then usually need a level control after the PRE-73 MKIII in order to reduce the level to the appropiate one. This level control can be a passive damping device (like the Shure A15AS XLR switchable pad) or an input level control in the unit following the PRE-73 MkIII. The Shure A15ASis also useful for reducing the ouput level if the PRE-73 MKIII is connected to a unit that has a standard operating level of -10 dBu. The standard operating level of the PRE-73 MKIII is +4 dBu, the output level into a 600 ohm load will be about 1,23V when the “0” VU LED is lit.- Instruments can be connected to the TRS input at the front which has an input impedance of about 100 kohm. Press the DI switch to engage this input. A source at the back can remain connected.- Engage the +48V phantom power for any mic that needs it. It is a good procedure to always disengage the phantom power and wait for about 10 seconds before unplugging the mic.- When the LOW-Z switch is engaged, the input impedance of the input in MIC mode drops from 1200 Ohms to 300 Ohms. This will change the tone of most mics and will give you one more sound-shaping option. It also increases the level, which is normal.- The phase switch simply reverses the phase by reversing the wires from the secondary winding of the output transformer. Reversing the phase of the signal is useful on a number of occa-sions, one example is phase reversing the the lower mic of a snare drum to make it sum in phase with the upper mic.- There is an unbalanced Insert jack located at the back panel where you can insert Equalizers and other external effect units that has an operating level of about -10 dbu to -18dBu.Send is on “tip” and return on “ring”.- The output transformer used in the PRE-73 MKIII is made for having an ideal load of about 600 ohm. The input impedance of most modern units is 10 kohm or more. The PRE-73 MKIII there-fore has a 600 ohm output termination resistor that is engagedby the jumper (JP1) located just behind the XLR output jack. The termination reistor will lower the ouput level slightly and make the frequency response flatter in the upper range, it will also roll off the upper frequency range earlier, Remove the jumper if the PRE-73 MKIII feed a unit with a 600 ohm imput impedance of if you want to add som level in the upper range,WARRANTYThe PRE-73 MKIII is built to last. But as in any electronic device, components can break down.There is a 1,0A, slow blow fuse located inside the unit. If the unit dies, please check this fues. If it has blown, replace it with a new one. You can also try with another 24V AC adaptor if you have one available.If this doesn´t help, or if the unit has another problem, it will need repair and you should then contact the reseller where you bought the unit.The warranty period is decided by the Distributor for your country. The Distributor will support Golden Age Project resellers and end users with repairs and spare parts.REGISTRATIONYou are welcome to register your unit at our website:---------------------------I would like to thank you for chosing the PRE-73 MKIII!I hope it will serve you well and that it will help you inmaking many great sounding recordings.Yours,Bo MedinVintage character for modern ideas!W W W.G O L D E N A G E P R O J E C T.C O M。

三星GALAXY S20系列手机产品手册-中文

三星GALAXY S20系列手机产品手册-中文

The most productive.Work seamlessly. The Galaxy S20 Series integrates seamlessly with Microsoft Office. With Microsoft OneDrive and Office, there’s no need to download additional apps.1 Sync files and photos across devices. Outlook is pre-loaded and optimized, and Link to Windows lets you access your Windows 10 desktop.Powerful enough to replace your PC. With Samsung DeX for PC, your Galaxy S20 Series connects to a monitor, keyboard and mouse to access mobile and web apps on an int uitive desktop interface,2 with multiple resizable windows, standard keyboard shortcuts and drag-and-drop convenience. Samsung DeX for PC also supports VDI solutions.3All-day intelligent battery.4 The Galaxy S20 5G’s battery isn’t just powerful, it’s intelligent. It optimizes your app usage to deliver the power to outlast your business hours. Then when you need a recharge, Super Fast Charging 5 and fast Wireless Charging 2.0 give you power in a flash. And Wireless PowerShare charges your buds, smartwatch and even a colleague’s phone.6A bigger space for working. See and do more than ever before with the Galaxy S20 5G’s Dynamic AMOLED 2.0, a 120Hz display for a smoother scroll and precise touch.7 It’s perfect for viewing and editing documents and makes it easy to multitask across different apps.The complete pro-grade camera solution. With a full kit of pro lenses, you can capture images just as your eyes see them. Even capture crisp photos and video in low light without a flash using Bright Night. Th e S20 Ultra camera takes you even further with Ultra Bright Night, 100x Space Zoom.The most connected.A 5G Galaxy to change your world. The S20 supports Sub-6, while the S20+ and S20 Ultra support both Sub-6 and mmWave. Stream with virtually no lag, share and download large files in near real time, create a 5G hotspot wherever you go.8Enterprise-grade networking. The Galaxy S20 Series enables fast transitioning across access points and seamless roaming, and is ready for Wi-Fi 6. And IT managers can configure how devices connect to Wi-Fi, for a more seamless experience.9Access network drives. With the Galaxy S20 Series, private network storage can be accessed natively, without downloading third-party apps. Quickly and easily share large files via FTP, to keep in sync with your team.Make sharing easy and fast. Seamlessly transfer large files to nearby co-workers without connecting to a network. Quick Share lets you connect to up to five people and share files instantly.10The most trusted.Defense-grade security. The Galaxy S20 Series is protected by Samsung Knox, our defense-grade hardware-based security platform. Knox keep hackers out and your company’s data safe from the second the device turns on.11Access at your fingertips. The Galaxy S20 Series is the first smartphone to implement enhanced ciphers and signatures that allow the device to become a digital CAC. Through its extreme commitment to airtight security, the Galaxy S20 Series helps streamline your workday.Further protecting you and your data. The Galaxy S20 Series introduces a new Secure Processor dedicated to protecting your PIN, password, pattern and blockchain private key. And with biometric authentication, your private data stays private.Security at your fingertips. The latest advance in biometric security, Ultrasonic Fingerprint ID lets you secure your phone like never before. Simply press your finger against the display and unlock with the first touch.12Device management made easy. From device configuration, enrollment, customization and management to advanced mobile security controls and updates, Samsung has the mobility cloud services you need for every stage of the device lifecycle.13Supercharge your work with the next generation of Galaxy. Introducing Galaxy S20 Series.Do more than ever before with the next generation of Galaxysmartphone, the S20 Series. Filled with professional-level features designed for business, they’ll enable you to harness the blazing speed of 5G to further your digital transformation. They’re the most productive, most connected and most trusted business tools yet.Contact Us: /S20forworkGalaxy S20 | S20+ | S20 Ultra 5GGalaxy S20 | S20+ | S20 Ultra 5GFor complete product information and accessories, visit /business /S20forwork Product support: 1-866-SAM4BIZ | Follow us: /samsungbizusa @SamsungBizUSA©2020 Samsung Electronics America, Inc. Samsung, Galaxy, S20, S20+, S20 Ultra, Knox, DeX, Bixby and Dynamic AMOLED are all trademarks of Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Other company names, product names and marks mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners and may be trademarks or registered trademarks. Appearance of devices may vary. Screen images simulated. Printed in U.S.A. HHP-CARRIERAGNOSTIC-S20SERIESDSHT-FEB20T1MS Office license required for purchase to edit Excel, Word or PowerPoint documents. License sold separately. 2Using genuine Samsung HDMI adapter or cable for Samsung DeX is recommended. Accessories and monitor sold separately. 3Third-party VDI solutions sold separately. 4Based on average battery life under typical usage conditions. Average expected performance based on typical use. Actual battery life depends on factors such as network, features selected, frequency of calls, and voice, data and other application-usage patterns. Results may vary. 5When using included charger and cable. Battery life based on typical usage conditions which may vary by factors including network, selected features and running applications. 6Works with Qi compatible Samsung devices (compatibility with non-Samsung Qi devices not guaranteed). Speed and power efficiency of charge varies by device. 7Default display mode is 60Hz. Requires screen setting at 120Hz screen mode. 8Requires optimal 5G network connection, available in select markets. Check with your carrier for availability and details. Download and streaming speeds may vary based on content provider, server connection and other factors. 9A Knox Platform for Enterprise license is required to set advanced network configurations for Galaxy S20 Series devices. 10Available on previous Galaxy series when upgraded to Android Galaxy 10. 11For the full list of Knox certifications, please visit /knox. 12Third-party screen protectors can interfere with Ultrasonic Fingerprint ID. Do not use a third-party screen protector when registering fingerprints. If applying a screen protector, confirm that it is compatible with Ultrasonic Fingerprint ID. 13Additional licenses are required for Knox Configure, Knox Mobile Enrollment, Knox Manage, Knox E-FOTA and Knox Platform for Enterprise. Free trials may be available for these services. Please check /knox. 14Measured diagonally, S20 screen size is 6.2” in full rectangle and 6.1” accounting for rounded corners, S20+ is 6.7” in full rectangle and 6.5” accounting for rounded corners, S20 Ultra is 6.9”in full rectangle and 6.7” accounting for rounded corners. Actual viewable area is less due to the rounded corners and camera lens. 15May differ by market and mobile operator. 16Total amount of available memory may be less based on configuration. 17Portion of storage occupied by existing content. 18MicroSD card sold separately. 19Water-resistant in up to 5 feet of water for up to 30 minutes. Rinse residue and dry device after getting it wet. 20Not a medical monitoring/diagnostic device. Accuracy of data provided by this device and related software, including heart rate readings, may vary based on environmental/skin conditions, settings/user input, activities performed, and other end-user interactions. For more information, see /us/heartratesensor and in-app disclosures.Device Layout1. Ultra Wide Camera2. Wide-Angle Camera3. Telephoto Camera4. LED5. DepthVision6. Microphone7. Selfie Camera8. Volume Keys9. Power Button (Programmable)10. Ultrasonic Fingerprint 11. SIM / MicroSD Slot 12. USB-C13. Wireless PowerShareGalaxy S20+56Galaxy S206Galaxy S20 Ultra。

五年级介绍自己手机的英语作文

五年级介绍自己手机的英语作文

五年级介绍自己手机的英语作文I am a fifth-grade student and I would like to introduce my mobile phone to you today. My mobile phone is an important part of my life as it helps me with my studies, communication, and entertainment.To begin with, my mobile phone is a Samsung Galaxy S22 Ultra. It has a large 6.8-inch Dynamic AMOLED 2X display with a resolution of 3088 x 1440 pixels. The screen is bright, vibrant, and supports a high refresh rate of up to 120Hz for smooth scrolling and animations. The phone is powered by the latest Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 processor and has 12GB of RAM, ensuring lightning-fast performance for all my daily tasks.One of the key features of my mobile phone is its impressive camera system. It has a quad-camera setup on the back, comprising a108MP main camera, a 12MP ultra-wide camera, a 10MP telephoto camera with 3x optical zoom, and a 10MP telephoto camera with 10x optical zoom. The cameras are equipped with advanced features like optical image stabilization, laser autofocus, and 8K video recording at 24fps. I can capture stunning photos and videos with exceptionalclarity and detail, whether I'm taking landscape shots, portraits, or close-up macros.In terms of battery life, my Samsung Galaxy S22 Ultra has a large 5,000mAh battery that can easily last me a full day of usage on a single charge. It also supports fast charging at up to 45W, allowing me to quickly top up the battery when needed. Additionally, the phone has wireless charging capabilities, which is convenient for charging it without the hassle of cables.Another impressive aspect of my mobile phone is its connectivity features. It supports the latest 5G cellular networks, providing me with lightning-fast internet speeds for seamless browsing, streaming, and online learning. The phone also has Wi-Fi 6E and Bluetooth 5.2 for reliable wireless connections with other devices. I can easily connect my phone to my laptop, wireless headphones, or smart home devices for a seamless and integrated digital experience.In terms of storage, my Samsung Galaxy S22 Ultra comes with 256GB of internal storage, which is more than enough for my needs. I can store a large collection of photos, videos, documents, and apps without worrying about running out of space. Additionally, the phone has a microSD card slot, allowing me to expand the storage even further if necessary.One of the features I particularly appreciate about my mobile phone is its robust security. It has an advanced in-display fingerprint sensor for secure unlocking, as well as facial recognition capabilities for added convenience. The phone also comes with the latest version of Android, which includes regular security updates and patches to ensure my device is protected against any potential threats.Beyond its practical features, my mobile phone also serves as an important tool for my education and personal development. I can use it to access a wealth of information and educational resources online, whether it's researching for school projects, watching educational videos, or participating in online learning platforms. The large and high-quality display makes it easy for me to read and engage with digital content, enhancing my learning experience.Moreover, my mobile phone allows me to stay connected with my friends and family. I can use various messaging apps to communicate with them, share updates, and coordinate activities. The phone's camera also enables me to capture and share memorable moments with my loved ones, strengthening our bonds and creating lasting memories.In terms of entertainment, my mobile phone offers a wide range of options. I can download and use various apps for gaming, streaming movies and TV shows, listening to music, and even reading e-books.The powerful hardware and immersive display make my mobile phone an excellent portable entertainment device, allowing me to enjoy my favorite content on the go.One of the challenges I face with my mobile phone is maintaining a healthy balance between its usage and other aspects of my life. I understand the importance of limiting screen time and ensuring that I don't become overly dependent on my device. To address this, I have set up various parental controls and time management features on my phone, which help me manage my usage and ensure that I allocate sufficient time for other important activities, such as studying, physical exercise, and face-to-face interactions with friends and family.In conclusion, my Samsung Galaxy S22 Ultra is an invaluable tool that enhances my daily life in numerous ways. From its powerful performance and impressive camera capabilities to its robust security features and connectivity options, my mobile phone has become an integral part of my daily routine. While I recognize the need to maintain a healthy balance in its usage, I am grateful for the opportunities and conveniences it provides, and I look forward to continuing to explore and utilize its capabilities as I progress through my education and personal growth.。

关于人生中最重要的人的英语作文神仙开头

关于人生中最重要的人的英语作文神仙开头

关于人生中最重要的人的英语作文神仙开头The Most Important PersonOnce upon a time, in a far away galaxy filled with twinkling stars and whirling planets, there lived a young alien named Zzbx. Zzbx had big googly eyes, four long tentacles, and glowed a brilliant shade of turquoise. Like all aliens on Planet Zygron, Zzbx was extremely intelligent and curious about the universe.One night, as Zzbx gazed out at the cosmos, they saw a dazzling shooting star streak across the inky blackness. Zzbx made a wish upon that star - to learn the secrets of the most important beings in all the galaxies. Little did Zzbx know, that wish was about to be granted in the most unexpected way!The next morning, Zzbx woke up and was shocked to find themself no longer a alien, but a small human child on Planet Earth! Zzbx had been transformed into a 7-year-old boy named Timmy. As Timmy looked around the sunny bedroom surrounded by toys and books, he remembered the wish made upon that shooting star. Could this be the answer? Were these human "parents" the most important beings Zzbx sought to understand?Over the next few years on Earth, Timmy learned all about the love, nurturing, and guidance parents provide to their children. No matter what challenges Timmy faced growing up, his mom and dad were always there with endless encouragement, patience, and support.When Timmy struggled with mathematics, it was his father's gentle coaching that helped the numbers finally click into place. When he felt left out by friends at school, his mother's warm hugs reminded him that he was loved unconditionally. His parents taught Timmy right from wrong, instilled values like honesty and kindness, and inspired him to dream big.As Timmy matured into a young adult, he realized his alien wish had been more than granted - he now understood that parents are truly the most important people in a child's life and in the universe itself. The love between a parent and child is an extraordinary force that transcends galaxies.Just as planets are kept in orbit by the gravity of stars, children's lives are orbited and shaped by the nurturing energy of their parents. A parent's affection is like the bright light of a sun, warming their offspring's souls and allowing them to bloom and grow. The wise guidance parents impart is akin to the invisible dark matter holding families and societies together.Mothers and fathers make infinite sacrifices, expending endless amounts of their time, energy, and resources to protect and provide for their children. They shape young minds with their wealth of knowledge and life experiences. Most importantly, parents are safe havens overflowing with unconditional love, waiting to catch their children if they stumble or fall.It is no stretch to say that parents are real-life superheroes. With endless patience, they adeptly handle tantrums, potty training, sleepless nights, and so much more. With brilliant creativity, they keep kids endlessly entertained through games, adventures, and silly antics. With bravery and selflessness, they put their children's needs before their own, inspiring their kids to be courageous and compassionate people as well.Some of Timmy's most cherished memories were family traditions created by his parents - baking cookies for holidays, camping under the stars, sending encouragement notes in his lunchbox, attending every school play or sporting event. These simple acts etched permanent loving memories in his heart and mind.Timmy now realized that the most powerful force in the cosmos was not the explosive energy of a supernova, but rather the deepbinding, eternal love of a parent. This unconditionallove is a bond that can never be broken, even by the most massive force of a blackhole's gravitational pull.As Timmy got ready to venture out into the world and take on life's adventures, he knew his parents would always be his safe harbor to return to, celebrating his victories and comforting him through failures. Though he would physically travel far beyond the boundaries of their home, their love would stretch across any distance, reaching him even in the farthest realms of the universe.Just before Timmy departed, his parents embraced him tightly and reminded him, "We will always be proud of you and will forever love you, no matter where life takes you. You are the brightest star in our galaxy." With joyful tears streaming down his face, Timmy realized those words captured the most powerful truth of all - to parents, their children really are the most important beings in the entire universe.The End。

PCD仪器说明书(BTG)

PCD仪器说明书(BTG)
charge measurements of the sample,a polyelectrolyte titration has to be conducted which uses the streaming current to identify the point of zero charge (0 mV). To this end, an oppositely charged polyelectrolyte of known charge density is added to the sample as a titrant. The titrant charges neutralize existing charges of the sample. Titration is discontinued as soon as the point of zero charge (0 mV) is reached. Titrant consumption in ml is the actual measured value which forms the basis for further calculations. 应用流动电流零点电荷点——聚合高分子电解质滴定进行试样电荷含量的测定。目的是,以相对带电聚合高 分子电解质作为滴定剂加入试样确定电荷密度。滴定剂电荷中和试样电荷,达到零电位点结束滴定,滴定剂消 耗的毫升数是实际测量值计算的基础。 _ Calculation计算 The specific charge quantity q [eq/g] is calculated according to the following formula: 通过下面公式计算出荷质比的数量q [eq/g]: V*C q=———— Wt V = consumed titrant volume [l] 滴定液消耗量,单位;L c = titrant concentration [eq/l] 滴定液浓度,单位:N wt = solids of the sample样品的固含量或它的有效成分 or its active substance [g] q = specific charge quantity [eq/g]荷质比的数量

美国欧米茄OEM型丙烯酸转子流量计

美国欧米茄OEM型丙烯酸转子流量计

B-17aOEM 型丙烯酸转子流量计测量能力: 水:6.5 GPH ~ 20 GPM空气:2 SCFH ~ 40 SCFM U 标度长度有 50、75、127和250 mm (1.97、2.96、5和9.85”)U 大多数型号中的浮子为导杆导向U 可提供计量阀U 提供用于面板安装的后插板U 直读式刻度FL4000系列FL4000 OEM 型转子流量计用整块丙烯酸材料精密加工而成。

可提供的标度长度有 50、75、127和250 mm (1.97、2.96、5和9.85"), 精度在2% ~ 6%之间。

其设计适合 前面板安装,后接口穿过面板,便于连接。

还提供安装螺纹。

该流量计 有带阀门和不带阀门两款。

,图片为实际尺寸。

规格构造:丙烯酸管、316不锈钢浮子和导杆(FL4211 ~ FL4215型空气流量计无导杆)、PVC 管端接头(在FL4200系列中为铜质)、EPR O 形圈、可选铜阀最大压力/温度: 范围(水): 125 psig @ 21°C (70°F); 54°C (130°F) @ 0 psig 范围(空气): 100 psig @ 21°C (70°F); 38°C (100°F) @ 0 psig 满量程精度/重复性: FL4200:6/2% FL4300和FL4400: 4/1% FL4500:3/1⁄2% FL4600:2/1⁄2%可选††B-17b B1* 最小流速为所列最大流速的10%。

** 为水的范围。

如需了解空气的范围,请联系流量部门。

欲购带铜阀的流量计,请将后缀 “-V ”添加到型号中(FL4200s 、FL4300s 、FL4400s 、FL4500s 和FL4600s 需付额外费用)。

†† 要获得NIST 校准证书,请将“-NIST 5PT ”(5测量点校准)或“-NIST 10PT ”(10测量点校准)添加到型号中(需付额外费用)。

um群星之上参数

um群星之上参数

um群星之上参数摘要:一、引言二、UM 群星之上参数背景介绍1.UM 群星之上简介2.UM 群星之上的特点三、UM 群星之上参数详解1.主要参数2.性能参数3.功能参数四、UM 群星之上与其他竞品的比较1.我国竞品分析2.国际竞品分析五、UM 群星之上在我国的应用1.主要应用领域2.典型案例六、结论正文:一、引言UM 群星之上是一款在我国广泛应用的通信设备,其性能和功能参数在业内具有较高的评价。

本文将对UM 群星之上的参数进行详细解读,并将其与国内外竞品进行比较,以期为读者提供全面的认识。

二、UM 群星之上参数背景介绍1.UM 群星之上简介UM 群星之上,全名为“Unified Mobile 通信群星之上”,是我国自主研发的一款高性能通信设备,适用于各种复杂环境下的通信需求。

2.UM 群星之上的特点UM 群星之上具有以下特点:(1)高度集成:设备体积小,便于携带和安装。

(2)多种制式:支持多种通信制式,满足不同场景需求。

(3)适应性强:具有良好的抗干扰性能和抗衰减性能,适应各种恶劣环境。

(4)高可靠性:采用先进的通信技术,确保通信质量稳定可靠。

三、UM 群星之上参数详解1.主要参数UM 群星之上主要参数包括:通信频率、信道带宽、调制方式、传输速率、接收灵敏度等。

2.性能参数UM 群星之上的性能参数包括:通信距离、信号覆盖范围、抗干扰能力、通信容量等。

3.功能参数UM 群星之上的功能参数包括:数据传输、语音通信、图像传输、视频会议等。

四、UM 群星之上与其他竞品的比较1.我国竞品分析UM 群星之上在我国通信设备市场具有较高的竞争力。

与国内竞品相比,UM 群星之上具有更好的性能、更稳定的通信质量和更广泛的应用领域。

2.国际竞品分析在国际市场上,UM 群星之上与国外竞品相比也具有较高竞争力。

在某些方面,UM 群星之上甚至优于国外竞品,例如抗干扰性能、适应恶劣环境的能力等。

五、UM 群星之上在我国的应用1.主要应用领域UM 群星之上广泛应用于国防、公安、消防、交通、能源、医疗等领域。

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a rXiv:as tr o-ph/99474v16Apr1999Measuring Ωwith galaxy streaming velocities P.G.Ferreira 1,2,M.Davis 3,H.A.Feldman 4,5,A.H.Jaffe 3,R.Juszkiewicz 4,5,6,7,1Theory Group,CERN,CH-1211,Geneve 23,Switzerland 2CENTRA,Instituto Superior Tecnico,Lisboa 1096Codex,Portugal University of California,Berkeley,CA94720,USA 4D´e partement de Physique Th´e orique,Universit´e de Gen`e ve,CH-1211Gen`e ve,Switzerland 5Department of Physics and Astronomy,University of Kansas,Lawrence,KS 660456On leave from Copernicus Astronomical Center,00-716Warsaw,Poland 7Joseph Henry Laboratories,Princeton University,Princeton NJ 08544The mean pairwise velocity of galaxies,v 12has traditionally been estimated from the redshift space galaxy correlation function.This method is notorious for being highly sensitive to the assumed model of the pairwise velocity dispersion.Here we propose an alternative method to estimate v 12directly from peculiar velocity samples,which contain redshift-independent distances as well as galaxy redshifts.This method can provide an estimate of Ω0.6σ82for a range of σ8where Ωis the cosmological density parameter,while σ8is the standard normalization for the power spectrum of density fluctuations.We demonstrate how to measure this quantity from realistic catalogues and identify the main sources of bias and errors 1A model of v 12(r )In this presentation we report on the the possibility of using the “mean ten-dency of well-separated galaxies to approach each other”10to measure the cosmological density parameter,Ω.The statistic we consider 4is the mean rel-ative pairwise velocity of galaxies,v 12.It was introduced in the context of the BBGKY theory 2,describing the dynamical evolution of a collection of parti-cles interacting through gravity.In this discrete picture, v 12is defined as themean value of the peculiar velocity difference of a particle pair at separation r .In the fluid limit,its analogue is the pair-density weighted relative velocity 5,7,v 12(r )= v 1− v 2 ρ= ( v 1− v 2)(1+δ1)(1+δ2)that an excellent approximation to v12is given byv12(r)=−2p AB2.(5)The above expression is a sum over positive quantities and so is stable.This estimator is appropriate to be applied to a point process which will sample an2underlying continuous distribution.The sampling is quantified in terms of the selection function,φ( r).The continuum limit of Eq.5is then2 dm1dm2Φ12(s1−s2)p12˜v12(r)=√2–Figure1:˜v12(r)(points)and its variance(dashed lines)evaluated from mock catalogues:A) random observers with a deep selection function compared to v12(r)evaluated from Eq.2 (solid line);b)Afixed observer with a deep selection function;c)afixed observer with a shallow selection function.The variance is estimated from the scatter over20(a)or9(b,c)mock catalogues.around20%.These errors will naturally lead to biases in cosmological estima-tors involving distance measurements and peculiar velocities and are generi-cally called Malmquist bias.We shall model our errors assuming a Tully–Fisher law which resembles that inferred from the Mark III catalogue.To correct for Malmquist bias we use the prescription put forward in9.In Figure2(a),we plot the results for the uncorrected simulations;Malmquist errors systematically lower the values of˜v12on small scales while enhancing its amplitude on large scales(where the effect should be more dominant).How-ever in Figure2(b)we show that with the correction for general Malmquist errors to the distance estimator,it is possible to overcome this discrepancy. The1-σerrors now encompass the true˜v12over a wide range of scales.4ConclusionsIn this contribution we report on a recent proposal to estimate the mean pair-wise streaming velocities of galaxies directly from peculiar velocity samples. We identified three possible sources of systematic errors in estimates of v12 made directly from radial peculiar velocities of galaxies.We also found ways4Figure2:v12(r)and its variance evaluated from100mock catalogues with errors(described in the text)and the full selection function.The solid points are the˜v12of the error-free simulation seen from the same observation point,the solid line is the mean and dashed lines are the1σ.a)uncorrected distances;b)distances corrected for Malmquist biasof reducing these errors;these techniques were successfully tested with mock catalogues.The potential sources of errors and their proposed solutions can be summarized as follows.(1)On the theoretical front,assuming a linear theory model of v12(r)at r≈10h−1Mpc can introduce a considerable systematic error in the resulting estimate ofσ82Ω0.6.For example,ifσ8=1using the linear prediction for v12 at r=10h−1Mpc would introduce a25%systematic error(see eq.[4]).We solve this problem by using a nonlinear expression for v12.8(2)On the observational front,a shallow selection function induces a large covariance between˜v12on different scales.This must be taken into considera-tion by measuring˜v12(r)only on sufficiently small scales.A rule of thumb is that for estimating˜v12at10h−1Mpc,the selection function should be reason-ably homogeneous out to at least30h−1Mpc.(3)Finally,care must be taken with generalized Malmquist bias due to log-normal distance errors;these induce a systematic error in˜v12.We have shown that,under certain assumptions about selection and measurement errors,the method of Landy&Szalay9for corrected distance estimates allows one to recover the true˜v12.Naturally,this particular correction must be addressed on a case-by-case basis,given that different data sets will have different selection5criteria and correlations between galaxy position and measurement errors.In a future publication we shall analyze the Mark III11and the SFI1 catalogues of galaxies with this in mind.AcknowledgmentsWe thank the organizers for an enjoyable meeting.We thank Jonathan Baker, Stephane Courteau,Luis da Costa and Jim Peebles,for useful comments and suggestions.This work was supported by NSF,NASA,the Poland-US M. Sk l odowska-Curie Fund,the Tomalla Foundation and JNICT.References1.da Costa,L.et al.(1996)Ap.J.486,L52.Davis,M.&Peebles,P.J.E.,(1977)Ap.J.Suppl.34,4253.Efstathiou,G.(1996)in Les Houches,Session LX,Eds.Schaeffer,R.et al.,(Elsevier:Amsterdam),p.1334.Ferreira,P.G.et al(1999)Ap.J Lett.in press.5.Fisher,K.B.,Davis,M.,Strauss,M.,Yahil A.,Huchra,J.(1994)M.N.R.A.S.267,9276.G´o rski,K.M.et al.(1989)Ap.J.344,17.Juszkiewicz,R.,Fisher,K.,&Szapudi,I.(1998a)Ap.J.Lett.,504,L18.Juszkiewicz,R.,Springel,V.,&Durrer,R.(1998b)astro-ph/9812387ndy S.,Szalay A.(1992)Ap.J.391,40110.Peebles,P.J.E.(1980)The Large–Scale Structure of the Universe,(Princeton:Princeton University Press)(LSS)11.Willick,J.et al.(1995)Ap.J.Supp.109,3336。

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