宁波大学 357英语翻译基础(A卷) 2016年硕士研究生考研真题

入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目:英语翻译基础科目代码：357适用专业:英语笔译

I.Translate the following two passages into English(75points):

1.一个受过良好教育、有知识或有胆识的人实在不可能把金钱作为他孜孜以求的主要目标，正如他不可能把吃饭当做最主要的目标一样。一切健康的人都吃得很香，但吃饭并不是他们生活的主要目标。同样道理，一切思想健康的人都想得到收入——理所当然，并且为得到收入而由衷地高兴；然而他们生活的主要目标并不是钱，而是比钱更有价值的东西。

例如，一个优秀的士兵总是想把仗打好。他为自己的薪饷感到高兴——完全合乎情理；如果你扣发他十个月军饷，他当然要抱怨。然而他的生活要旨仍然是夺取战斗的胜利，而不是为了薪饷去打胜仗。

医生也是这样。他们当然都喜欢收诊费——理所当然；然而，如果他们是有胆识的、受过良好教育的，那他们生活的全部目标就不是为了收费。总的说来，他们都想把病人治好，而且——如果他们是好医生，同时公平地要他们做出选择的话——他们宁愿把病人治愈而得不到诊金，也不愿为了诊金却把病人治死。所有其他有胆识、受过正当培养的人也都是这样；对他们来说，工作是第一位的，报酬则是第二位的，虽然报酬总是非常重要的，但终究是第二位的。（40%）

2.既然书籍有不同的门类，如小说、传记、诗歌等，我们应该把他们区分开来，并从每种书中汲取它应当给我们提供的正确的东西；这话说起来固然容易，然而，很少有人要求从书籍中得到它们所能提供的东西。通常我们总是三心二意带着模糊的观念去看书：要求小说情节真实，要求诗歌内容虚构，要求传记阿谀奉承，要求历史能加深我们自己的偏见。如果我们读书时能抛弃所有这些成见，那将是一个极可贵的开端。我们对作者不要指手画脚，而应努力站在作者的立场上，设想自己在与作者共同创作。假如你退缩不前，有所保留并且一开始就批评指责，你就在妨碍自己从你所读的书中得到最大的益处。然而，如果你能尽量敞开思想，那么，书中开头几句迂回曲折的华丽所包含的几乎难以觉察的细微的迹象和暗示，就会把你引入到一个与众不同的人物的面前去。如果你深入下去，如果你去认识这个人物，你很快就会领悟作者正在给你或试图给你某些明确得多的东西。（35%）

II.Translate the following two passages into Chinese(75points):

1.China has been all over the news with August's currency devaluation and the Shanghai Composite's dramatic moves.Since then,investors and companies have been concerned about what exactly China means for growth prospects.Some have even attributed their weaker third-quarter numbers to it.But there's another,largely overlooked thing financiers should keep an eye on:China wants to get its renminbi into the International Monetary Fund's reserve-assets classification known as the special drawing rights,or the SDR.And its inclusion or exclusion could have major ramifications in the global markets.On Wednesday,Lombard Street Research hosted a conference partially dedicated to analyzing the impact of China's liberalization on financial markets.Several speakers specifically mentioned China's desire for the yuan's inclusion in the SDR as a key thing to watch.Though inclusion in the basket may not immediately strike investors and casual onlookers as that important,that's definitely not how China sees the situation,according to Diana Choyleva,Lombard Street Research's chief economist and head of research."The IMF is about to decide whether to include the yuan in its SDR basket,"she said at the event."As far as I'm concerned,if the yuan is accepted,and the omens are good now,this will mark the start of China's full integration into global financial markets."But if the yuan is not

入学考试试题(A卷)(答案必须写在答题纸上)考试科目:英语翻译基础科目代码：357适用专业:英语笔译

allowed in the SDR,Choyleva said:"The Chinese leadership is not going to wait another five years for the West to deign to accept them.And they will not be so keen to be such a responsible global citizen. Because out of the major economies,the only currency that's seriously overvalued is the yuan,and that's the only one that hasn't engaged in any major effective devaluation.[...]If the yuan is not accepted in the SDR,they will go for a one-off large devaluation and that would then be...a financial crisis,specifically,a real-economy crisis with the resulting impact on the...markets.This may seem sort of intense for a membership that doesn't even seem important to Western investors.For China, however,getting the renminbi into a currency basket made up of the US dollar,the euro,the Japanese yen,and the British pound could indicate recognition of the currency's global political importance. (40%)

2.Boasting is a kind of megalomania.Though moralists may call it a human failing,it does,however, serve extremely useful purposes in social intercourse.Without the capacity for boasting,you will be looked down upon by even a rickshaw puller,to say nothing of finding a good job. Because of their earnest and down-to-earth approach to work,Westerners are,in the eyes of Chinese smartiers,next door to idiotic.They are been laughed at by Chinese smartiers for the tremendous amount of energy they put into their activities.While Westerners go about whatever work they do methodically and patiently,never dreaming of reaching great heights in one step,we Chinese are always given to seeking a shortcut and regard the ability to boast as the master key to it.Boasting is an essential art of life just as hyperbole is an indispensable rhetorical figure.The Tang poet Li Bai’s famous lines“The Yellow River comes from the sky”and“My white hair of thirty thousand feet”are examples of hyperbole,which,to those who know little about the art of rhetoric,may sound like a gross exaggeration on the part of the poet.

That boasting is of extremely great use to one is beyond doubt.Man is a queer animal.Suppose you tell someone the plain truth about a certain matter without holding anything back,he will probably laugh at you scornfully instead of returning a congenial response.On the other hand,suppose,penniless as you are,you brag unabashedly to somebody who knows little about you,“Minister So-and-So is a good friend of my father’s,”“Politician So-and-So is my grandpa’s sworn brother,”“I know a certain business tycoon very well,”or“My wife is a nominally adoptive sister of a certain warlord’s fifth concubine.”The listener will adore you like a deity or may even,at an opportune moment,respectfully treat you to a big dinner featuring edible bird’s nest.(35%)