19-20学年高中英语unit24societysectionⅥlanguageawareness9

Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The investor has invested his life savings in public
transport. (invest) 2．Now is a time of rapid and revolutionary change, and a
revolution in information technology is taking place in our country. (revolution)
3． To start with, Athens could afford it. (P44) 首先，雅典有这个能力承担。 ★to start with 首先，第一；起初，开始时
to begin with (＝to start with) 首先，第一；起初，开始时 begin (...) with ...＝start (...) with ... 以……开始(……) ①To start with, we haven't enough money, and secondly we're too busy. 首先，我们没有足够的钱；其次，我们太忙了。 ②It's a truth that knowledge begins/starts with practice. 知识来源于实践是个真理。
买得起，支付得起
5． undergo v. 遭受，历经(困难、变故等)
6． ensure v.
担保，保证
7．civilization n．文明→ civilize v．使文明→ civilized adj.文明
的，开化的
8． occur v．发生→ occurrence n．发生；事件 9．pollution n．污染→ pollute v．污染
首次，第一次 把……加入…… 把……捐献给…… 首先，第一 基于 搜寻，寻找 导致；通向 把……转变成…… (工厂等)倒闭，关闭
1．An ageing society is one in which the population of people over the age of 60 is increasing. 老龄化社会是指 60 岁以上的人口数量持续增长的社会。 [句式分析] 表语 one 后接 in which 引导的定语从句。 [佳句赏析] 这份工作是许多人想得到的。 The job is one that many people want to get.
5．The Renaissance occurred in Florence because of the city's long tradition of cultural achievement ... (P44) 文艺复兴运动之所以发生在佛罗伦萨，是因为这个城市 有着悠久的文化积淀…… ★occur vi.产生；浮现
Section Ⅵ Language Awareness 9, Culture Corner & Bulletin Board
Ⅰ.根据词性及汉语意思写出单词
1．opportunity n．
机会
2．milestone n.
里ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ碑，重大事件
3． represent v.
代表，象征
4． afford v.
transform ... (from ...) into ... transformation n.
把……从……变成…… 改变，改观
①Our aim is to transform solar energy into fortune and power to benefit people. 我们的目标是把太阳能转化为财富和能量使之造福于人类。 ②The movie transformed the girl almost overnight from an unknown school-girl into a famous star. 那部电影几乎在一夜之间就把那个女孩从一名默默无闻的女学 生变成了一位明星。 ③Success and wealth brought great transformation (transform) to his character. 成功和财富使他的性格发生了很大变化。
An ageing society is one in which the population of people over the age of 60 is increasing. 老龄化社会是指 60 岁以上的人口数量持续增长的社会。 ★本句为复合句；表语 one 后接 in which 引导的定语从句。 (1)one 在句中作表语，起替代作用，以避免重复。若替代的名 词为复数，则用复数形式的替代词 ones。 (2)当句中的名词为单数可数名词，并且名词前是不定冠词时， 用 one 代替该单数可数名词。
(1)contribute to
导致；有助于
contribute ... to
把……捐赠给……；向……投稿
(2)contribution n.
贡献
make a contribution/contributions (to/towards) (对……)做贡献；(为……)贡献
①A large population and too many private cars contribute to heavy traffic jam in the city. 大量的人口和过多的私家车导致城市严重的交通阻塞。 ②If you want to contribute to our newspaper, please send me your article before the deadline. 如果你想往我们报纸投稿，请在最后期限前把文章寄给我。 ③Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contributions (contribute) to the class. 参加比赛对我来说是一次难得的展示我的舞蹈才能的好机会， 并对班级做出贡献。
base ... on/upon ... 以……为基础，把……建立在……的基础之上
be based on 以……为基础
①They often base their estimate on the figures for the last three years. 他们经常以过去三年的数字为基础进行估算。 ②Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice. 理论以实践为基础，反过来又为实践服务。 [名师点津] based on ...是过去分词短语，在句中可作定语、状语 或表语。 ③This is a conclusion based (base) on scientific data. 这个结论是依据科学的数据得出的。
Ⅲ.补全短语 1． for the first time 2．add ... to ... 3．contribute ... to ... 4．to start with 5．be based on 6． in search of 7．lead to 8．transform ... into ... 9．close down
★afford vt.(有足够的金钱、时间)做；买得起；付得出；提供， 给予
(can't) afford to do sth.
负担(不)起做某事的费用
afford sb. sth.＝afford sth. to sb. 给予某人某物
③They walked because they couldn't afford (to take) a taxi. 他们因为坐不起计程车而步行。 ④We can't afford to spend a holiday abroad this summer. 今年夏天我们抽不出钱到国外度假。 ⑤It will afford me great pleasure to have dinner with you. 与你共餐将是我的一大乐事。
1．Measures to slow population growth like China's one-child policy, have also contributed to lowered birthrates. (P43) 减缓人口增长的政策，如中国的独生子女政策，对降低人口出 生率也起了作用。 ★contribute to 促成，有助于，起作用；捐献，捐助
[名师点津] (1)contribute to 中的 to 为介词； (2)除 contribute to 外表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还 有：cause, lead to, result in, bring about 等。 [语境串记] Many people contribute money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to a newspaper. 很多人把钱捐给这个贫穷的男孩子，这有助于他重回校园。 一位作家写了一篇关于此事的文章并把它投到了报社。
3．When passing the river, we had to cover our noses ... 当路过河边时，我们不得不捂住鼻子…… [句式分析] When passing ...为状语从句的省略形式，其 完整结构为：When we were passing the river ...。 [佳句赏析] (2017·6 月浙江高考满分作文)按计划，我们将 于七点钟在学校大门口乘公交车出发。 As planned, we will leave by bus at 7：00 am at the school gate.
2. The playwrights Sophocles, Aeschylus and Euripides transformed drama into a serious art. (P44) 剧作家索福克勒斯、埃斯库罗斯和欧里庇得斯把戏剧变成了 一门严肃的艺术。 ★transform vt.改变，转化
4．Like the ancient Greeks, these artists tried to create an ideal form of beauty based on nature. (P44) 像古希腊人一样，这些艺术家努力创造一种理想的基于自然 的美的形式。 ★based on 以……为基础
sth. occurs to sb. It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that ... It occurs to sb. to do sth.
某人突然想起某事 某人突然想起…… 某人突然想起做某事
①Along with your wonderful innovation, you need to hand in a report, explaining how the idea occurs to you and what materials you use. 除了你奇妙的创意作品外，你还需要提交一份报告，解释你 是怎么想到这个点子的，你用的是什么材料。 ②But it struck/hit (＝occurred to) me that one shouldn't lose heart when in trouble. 但是我突然想到一个人在陷入困境时不应该失去信心。 ③Didn't it occur to you to phone (phone) them about it? 关于这件事你难道就没想到给他们打个电话？
2．There used to be factories which produced heavy smoke, gases and waste water. 这里过去有一些排出浓烟、气体和废水的工厂。 [句式分析] used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”。 There used to be ...表示“过去经常有……”。 [佳句赏析] 在我们镇，过去只有一所学校。 There used to be only one school in our town.