考研英语阅读历年真题常见短语汇总.

考研英语阅读历年真题常见短语汇总1. abide by（=be faithful to；obey）忠于；遵守2. be absent from…缺席，不在3. absence or mind（=being absent-minded）心不在焉4. absorb（=take up the attention of）吸引…的注意力（被动语态）：be absorbed in全神贯注于…近：be engrossed in；be lost in；be rapt in；be concentrated on；be focused on；be centered on5.（be）abundant in（be rich in；be well supplied with）富于，富有6. access（to）（不可数名词）能接近，进入，了解7. by accident（=by chance，accidentally）偶然地，意外Without accident（=safely）安全地8. of one's own accord（=without being asked；willingly；freely）自愿地，主动地9. in accord with与…一致out of one's accord with同…不一致10. with one accord（=with everybody agreeing）一致地11. in accordance with（=in agreement with）依照，根据12. on one's own account 1）为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益2）（=at one's own risk）自行负责3）（=by oneself）依靠自己on account赊账；on account of因为；on no account不论什么原因也不；of…account有………重要性13. take…into account（=consider）把……考虑进去14. give sb. an account of说明，解释（理由）15. account for（=give an explanation or reason for）解释，说明16. on account of（=because of）由于，因为17. on no account（=in no case，for no reason）绝不要，无论如何不要（放句首时句子要倒装）18. accuse…of…（=charge…with；blame sb. for sth.；blame sth. on sb.；complain about）指控，控告19. be accustomed to（=be in the habit of，be used to）习惯于20. be acquainted with（=to have knowledge of）了解；（=to have met socially）熟悉21. act on奉行，按照…行动；act as扮演；act for代理22. adapt oneself to（=adjust oneself to）使自己适应于23. adapt…（for）（=make sth. Suitable for a new need）改编，改写（以适应新的需要）24. in addition（=besides）此外，又，加之25. in addition to（=as well as，besides，other than）除…外26. adhere to（=abide by，conform to，comply with，cling to，insist on，persist in，observe，opinion，belief）粘附；坚持，遵循27. adjacent（=next to，close to）毗邻的，临近的28. adjust……（to）（=change slightly）调节；适应；29. admit of（=be capable of，leave room for）…的可能，留有…的余地30. in advance（before in time）预告，事先31. to advantage有利的，使优点更加突出地32. have an advantage over胜过have the advantage of由于…处于有利条件have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事33. take advantage of（=make the best of，utilize，make use of，profit from，harness）利用34. agree with赞同（某人意见）agree to同意35. in agreement（with）同意，一致36. ahead of在…之前，超过…；……………ahead of time提前37. in the air 1）不肯定，不具体2）在谣传中38. above all（=especially，most important of all）尤其是，最重要的39. in all（=counting everyone or everything，altogether）总共，总计40. after all毕竟，到底；（not）at all一点也不；all at once（=suddenly）突然；once and for all 只此一次；above all最重要的；first of all首先；all in all大体上说；be all in累极了；all but几乎41. allow for（=take into consideration，take into account）考虑到，估计到42. amount to（=to be equal to）总计，等于43. answer for（undertake responsibility for，be liable for，take charge for）对…负责44. answer to（=conform to）适合，符合45. be anxious about为…焦急不安；或anxious for46. apologize to sb. for sth.为…向…道歉47. appeal to sb. for sth.为某事向某人呼吁appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力48. apply to sb. for sth.为…向…申请；apply for申请；apply to适用49. apply to与…有关；适用50. approve of（=consent to，be in favor of，favor，agree to，consider good，right）赞成，approve vt.批准51. arise from（=be caused by）由…引起52. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth.安排…做…53. arrive on到达；arrive at到达某地（小地方）；得出，作出；arrive in到达某地（大地方）；54. be ashamed of（=feel shame，guilt or sorrow because of sth. done）以…为羞耻55. assure sb. of sth.（=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.）向…保证，使…确信56. attach（to）（=to fix，fasten；join）缚，系，结57. make an attempt at doing sth.（to do sth.）试图做…58. attend to（=give one's attention，care and thought）注意，照顾；attend on（upon）（=wait upon，serve，look after）侍候，照料59. attitude to/ toward…对…的态度看法60. attribute…to…（=to believe sth. to be the result of…）把……归因于……，认为……是……的结果61. on the average（=on average，on an average）平均62.（be）aware of（=be conscious of，having knowledge or consciousness）意识到，知道63. at the back of（=behind）在…后面64. in the back of在…后部（里面）；on the back of在…后部（外面）；be on one's back（=be ill in bed）卧病不起65. at one's back（=supporting or favoring sb.）支持，维护；have sb. at one's back有…支持，有…作后台66. turn one's back on sb.（=turn away from sb. in an impolite way）不理睬（某人），背弃，抛弃67. behind one's back背着某人（说坏话）68. be based on / upon基于69. on the basis of根据…，在…基础上70. beat…at在…运动项目上打赢71. begin with以…开始to begin with（=first of all）首先，第一（经常用于开始语）72. on behalf of（=as the representative of）以…名义73. believe in（=have faith or trust in；consider sth./sb. to be true）相信，依赖，信仰74. benefit（from）受益，得到好处75. for the benefit of为了…的利益（好处）76. for the better好转77. get the better of（=defeat sb.）打败，胜过78. by birth在出生上，论出身，按血统at birth在出生时；give birth to出生79. blame sb. for sth.因…责备某人blame sth. on sb.把…推在某人身上80. in blossom开花（指树木）be in blossom开花（强调状态）come into blossom开花（强调动作）81. on board到船上，在船上，上火车或飞机82. boast of（or about）吹嘘83. out of breath喘不过气来84. in brief（=in as few words as possible）简言之85. in bulk成批地，不散装的86. take the floor起立发言87. on business出差办事88. be busy with sth.于某事be busy doing sth.忙于做某事89. last but one倒数第二90. but for（=without）要不是表示假设91. buy sth. for…money用多少钱买92. be capable of能够，有能力be capable of being +过去分词：是能够被…的93. in any case（=for love or money，at any rate，at any price，at any cost，whatever happens；anyhow）无论如何94. in case（=for fear that）万一；95. in case of（=in the event of）如果发生…万一in the case of至于…，就…而言96. in no case在任何情况下都不（放句首倒装句）97. be cautious of谨防98. center one's attention on（=focus one's attention on）把某人的注意力集中在…上99. be certain of（=be sure of）有把握，一定100. for certain of（=for sure）肯定地，有把握地101. by chance（=accidentally，by accident）偶然102. for a change换换环境（花样等）103. charge sb. with…控告某人犯有…104. in charge of（=responsible for）负责（某事）in the charge of…由…管105. take charge of（=to be or become responsible for）负责管理（照顾）106. charge…for因…索取（费用），charge sb. with sth.控告某人犯有…107. round the clock（=all day and all night，usually without stopping）昼夜不停地108. comment on评论109. commit oneself to使自己承担…commit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱；commit one's idea to writing把某人的想法写下来；commit a matter to a committee把某事交给委员会讨论110. in common（和…）有共同之处，共用be common to sb.是与某人所共有的111. keep company with（=be friendly and go out together）和…要好112. compare…with…把…与…比较113. compare…to…把…比作…114. by comparison比较起来115. in comparison with（=in contrast to）和…比起来116. compensate for（=give sth. to make up for）补偿，赔偿，弥补compensate sb. for sth.赔偿，弥补117. complain of（or about）抱怨；诉苦；控告；complain about抱怨某人或事情；complain to sb. about sth.（or sb.）向某人抱怨…；complain（抱怨）；complement（补充）；compliment（恭维）118. comply with（=act in accordance with a demand，order，rule etc.）遵守，依从119. conceive of（think of，imagine，consider）想象，设想120. concentrate on（or upon）集中，专心121. be concerned with（=about）与…有关122. concern oneself about / with关心123. in conclusion（=as the last thing）最后一点；at the conclusion of当…结束时；124. condemn sb. to判决125. on condition that（=if）以…为条件，假如in that = because因为；now that = since既然；for all that = although尽管126. in / out of condition（=thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit）健康状况好/不好in good（bad）condition处于良好（坏）状态127. confess（to）（=admit a fault，crime，or sth. wrong）承认，供认；confess to a crime承认罪行128. confide in（=to talk freely to sb. about one's secret）对…讲真心话，依赖129. in confidence推心置腹地；with confidence满怀信心地；have confidence in对…有信心130. confidence in sb. / sth.对…的信赖131. be confident of有信心；confidential机密的132. confine…to…把…限制在某范围内133. confirm sb. in使某人更坚定（信念等）134. conform to（=be in agreement with，comply with）符合，遵照，遵守；1）obey服从；2）observe；3）comply with照…办；4）keep to遵循；5）abide by服从；6）stick to按……做135. be confronted with（=be brought face to face with）面对，面临136. congratulate sb. on祝贺137. in connection with（=with regard to）关于，138. be conscious of（=be aware of）觉察，知道139. consent to（=give agreement to permission）同意140. in consequence（=as a result）结果141. in consequence of（=as a consequence of）由于…的结果142. under consideration在考虑中143. in consideration of（=in return for，on account of，because of）由于144. on no consideration（in no case）无论如何也不145. take…into consideration（=take account of，take…into account）考虑到，把…考虑进去146. considerate（=thoughtful of the needs）体贴的，考虑他人需要的，considerable相当大的，值得考虑的147. consist of（=be composed of）由…组成的consist in主要在于consist with符合，与…一致148. be consistent with（=be in agreement with）与…一致be consistent in一贯的，149. consult sb. on/ about sth.向…征求…方面的意见，就…向…请教150. to one's heart's content尽情地，痛痛快快151. be content with（=be satisfied with）满足于be content to do sth.愿意做某事152. contrary to（=in opposition to）与…相反153. on the contrary相反154. contrast…with把…与…相对（对照）155. in contrast to/with和…形成对比；by contrast对比之下156. contribute to有助于157. under control（被）控制住out of control无法控制158. at one's convenience（=where and when it suits one）在方便的时间或地点be convenient to / for对…方便159. convince sb. of（=cause sb. to believe or feel certain；to persuade sb.）使某人确信，try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做…160. cope with（=deal with，try to find a solution to）应付，处理161. in the corner（of）在角落里；on（at）the comer of a street在街道拐弯处；round the comer 拐过弯；be in a tight corner陷入困境162. correspond（with）（=exchange letters regularly）通信163. correspond to相当于correspond with符合，一致164. at all costs不惜任何代价at the cost of以…为代价165. a matter of course理所当然的事166. as a matter of course当然地，自然地167. in（during）the course在…过程中168. in due course（=without too much delay）没经过太久，到一定时候169. on credit赊购；with credit以优异成绩；to one's credit使某人感到光荣；do sb. credit使…感到光荣170.be critical of爱挑毛病的，批评的171. cure sb. of+某种疾病治好某人的疾病172.a danger to对…的危险；be in danger（of）处于…危险中；be out of danger脱离危险173. to date（=so far，until now）到目前为止174. out of date过时的；up to date新式的，时兴的；date back to可追溯到；date from从某时期开始（有）175. deal with（=concern）论及176. be in debt to sb.欠…的债177. on the decline在衰退中，在减少中in decline下降；on the increase在增加178. to one's delight令某人感到高兴；to one's regret遗憾；sorrow悲痛；relief安心；distress 苦恼；shame羞愧；surprise惊奇；astonishment惊奇；179. delight in（=take great pleasure in doing sth.）喜欢，取乐180. take（a）delight in喜欢干…，以…为乐181. demand sth. of sb.向某人要求（非物质的）东西demand sth. from sb.向某人要求（物质的）东西182.in demand有需求；on demand受到要求时183. be dependent on依靠184. deprive sb. of sth.剥夺某人某物185. derive…from（=obtain…from）从…取得，由…来的derive from（=come from）起源于186. despair of（=lose all hope of）绝望187. in despair绝望188. despite（=in spite of）不管，尽管189. in detail详细地190. deviate from偏离，不按…办191. on a diet吃某种特殊饮食，节食192. differ from…in与…的区别在于…193. in difficulties…有困难，处境困难，194. discharge sb.（from）…for（=dismiss sb. from a job for）因…解雇，开除195. fall back（=retreat，turn back）撤退；in disorder慌乱地，狼狈不堪196. on display（=being shown publicly）陈列197. dispose of（=get rid of，throw away）处理掉198. beyond dispute不容争议的，无可争议199. in dispute在争议中200. in the distance在远处make out辩认出201.（be）distinct from（= be different from）与…截然不同202. distinguish between（=make or recognize differences）辨别203. distinguish…from把…与…区别开204. do away with（=get rid of；abolish；discard eliminate）除去，废除，取消；do away with （=kill）杀掉，镇压205. have…to do with与…有关系206. without doubt（=undoubtedly）无可置疑地207. in doubt（=in a condition of uncertainty）对…表示疑惑208. be due to是由于209. come off duty下班210. go on duty上班211. be on duty值班，值日，在上班时212. be in duty bound to（do）（=be required by one's job or esp. by conscience）有义务（做）213. be eager for想得到，盼望214. by ear（=play music from memory without having seen it printed）凭记忆，不看乐谱215. have an ear for（=have keen recognition of sounds esp. in music and language）对……有鉴赏力216. a word in one's ear私房话，秘密话217. on earth究竟，到底，全然218. with ease（= easily）容易，不费力219. at（one's）ease（= without worry or nervousness）自在，不拘束220. put sb. at his / her ease（=free sb. from worry or nervousness）使某人感到无拘束221. economize on（=save sth. instead of being wasteful）节省222. have an effect on对…有影响223. be in effect（=be in operation）有效224. go into effect生效（近：come into effect；take effect；be brought into effect）225. in effect（=in fact，really）实际上226. give effect to（=carry out）实行，使…生效227. to no effect不起作用，没有取得任何效果228.（be）of no effect（=useless）无效229. to the effect that大意是…，主要内容是…230. to that effect是那个意思的…231. emerge from（=appear，become known）出现，暴露（问题意见等）232. place（or put，lay）an emphasis on强调，把重点放在…上233. encourage sb. in鼓励；encourage sb. in his/her work鼓励某人工作；encourage sb. in his/her idleness怂恿某人游手好闲234. encourage sb. in…with sth.用…鼓励某人做某事235. on end（=continuously）连续地236.（be）at an end（=finished）结束了237. no end of（=very many/much）很多，大量238. in the end（=finally，eventually）最终239. at one's wit's end（=not knowing what to do or to say）无法可想，智穷计尽240. end up with以…而结束241. come to and end（=finish）结束242. end in以…为结束243. engage in或be engaged in忙于，从事244. enter for（=put the name on a list for）报名参加245. enter into（=begin）开始（谈话，谈判等）246. enter on / upon（=begin）开始（一个时代一种生涯一段任期等）247. be entitled to（=be given the right to do sth.）有权…，有资格…248. be equal to等于249. be/ feel equal to（=have enough strength，ability etc.）（某人）能胜任，能应付on equal terms （=on and equal footing）平等地250. be equipped with装备有，装有251.（be）equivalent to（=equal in value，amount，meaning）相等于，相当于252. in essence（=in its/one's nature）本质上253. at all events（=in spite of everything，in any case）不论怎样，无论如何254. in any event（=whatever happens in the future）无论如何，不管（将来）怎么样255. in the event that（=if）假如，如果in the event结果，实际情况是（常与but连用）256. in the event of（=in case of）万一，即使发生……时257. except除…以外；besides除…以外还有……258. except（=but）除了259. except for（=apart from）除…以外260.（an）exception to…的例外261. with the exception of（=except，apart from）除去…，除…以外262. in excess of（=more than）超过263. exchange…for以…交换264. exclusive of（=not taking into account；without）不包括265. in excuse of作为…的借口266. exert…on…对…施加…267. exert oneself to do sth.努力，使劲268. come into existence（=begin to exist）开始存在；come into use开始使用；come into effect 开始运转；come into fashion开始时新；come into action开始行动；come into power开始执政；come into sight进入视野；come into blossom开花；269.（be）in existence存在come into existence出现270. expect…of在…期望…271. at the expense of在损害…情况下，以…为牺牲272. expose…to…使暴露于…，使…受（危险，风险）273. be exposed to…面临…，受到…274. beyond expression（=in a manner that cannot be expressed）无法形容，说不出的275. give expression to表达，表现find expression in表现276. to…extent在…程度上277. in the extreme（= extremely）极其278. look sb. in the eye正视，打量（某人）279. close（shut）one's eyes to不理会，视而不见280. in one's mind's eye在心目中，在想象中281. in the twinkling of an eye一眨眼，转眼间282. keep an eye on（=keep a watch on）照看，监视283. in the eyes of in one's eyes（= in the judgment of）在某人看来，在某人眼里284. on the face of it（=judging by what one can see）表面看来285. in the face of面对着（困难等情况）286. in one's face当着某人的面；face to faced面对面；face up to大胆面向287. fail in（=be unsuccessful in）失败288. in good faith（=honestly，sincerely）真诚地289. keep faith with对…守信用290. lose faith in对…失去信心291. on faith毫无怀疑地，依赖地292. faithful to（=loyal to）对…忠诚293. fall into the habit（of）养成…习惯294. fall short of（=fail to reach a desired result，standard，etc.）没达到，低于295. familiar with熟悉，了解296. have a fancy for（=like sth. without the help of reason）（没有道理地）喜欢，想要297. take a fancy to（=become fond of）喜欢298. by far远，非常（与比较级或最高级连用）299. far from远远不是300. far from非但不…（而且）301. in fashion（=stylish，most modern）时兴，流行302. after the fashion（of）依照…303. find fault with（=complain about；criticize）找毛病，对…吹毛求疵304. at fault（=in the wrong，blamable）有错305. in favour of赞成306. be in favour with受宠，受偏爱；out of favour with失宠，不受宠307. in one's favour（=to one's advantage）对有利308.（be）favourable to（=advantageous）有利的309. fear for（=be afraid for the safety of sb. or sth.）为…担心310. for fear of（=in case of；because of anxiety about）以防，由于怕311. in fear of（=afraid for the safety of）担心312. feed（sb.）on sth.靠吃…，用…喂养313. be fed up with（=be unhappy，tired about sth. dull）厌烦，腻了314. feel like（=have a desire for）想要315. fill in填写316. fill out（=fill in）填写317. set the world on fire=set the flames on fire（=do sth. remarkable）有突出成就318. play with fire（=take great risks）干冒险事319. set sth. on fire（=set fire to sth.）使……着火，放火320. at first sight（=when first seen）乍一看，一见321. for the first time第一次（作状语）322. in the first place首先，第一323. fit into刚好放入324. fit in with（= suit，fall into agreement）合适，相配，一致325.（be）fit for（=right and suitable for）适合326. focus on（=concentrate on）集中在…上；focus sth. on把…集中在…上327. be fond of喜欢328.（be）in force有效，实施329. go into force开始生效330. by force靠武力，强行331. force…on把…强加给…332. in the form of以…形式333. be fortunate in幸运，有好运气334. free of charge免费335. be freed from免受，没有…336. in front of在…前面in the front of在…前部337. furnish…with（=supply）向…提供338. in general（=in most cases，usually）通常339. catch（or get）a glimpse of瞥见（强调结果）take a glance（or look）at看一眼（强调动作）340. be good for对…有好处；对…有作用；be good at擅长于；be good to对…好341. in good time（=early）早早地（做完到达等）342. for good（=for ever）永远地，长期地343. take…for granted（=assume to be true）把…认为理所当然的344. be grateful to sb. for sth因…感谢某人345. on the ground（s）fo（=because of）由于…346. fall to the ground（计划希望等）失败，落空347. on one's guard（against）谨防，警惕；（be）on guard站岗348. guard against（=defend，keep safe）警惕，防止guard…against警卫…防止349. guess at猜，估计350. by guess靠猜351. be guilty of犯有…罪或过失352. be in the habit of习惯于353. break off（a habit）改掉（某种习惯）354. break sb. of（a habit）使某人改掉（某习惯）355. get（fall）into the habit of养成了…的习惯356. come to a halt（=stop）停止；停住357. at hand在手边，眼前（附近）358. by hand用手工（做）359. hand in glove（with）狼狈为*，密切合作360. in hand 1）在手边2）（=under control）控制住361. in the hands of由…掌握，控制，负责362. live from hand to mouth勉强度日，现挣现吃363. at the head of在…的前头364. head for（=move towards）向…方向前进365. hear of（=know about）听人说起，听说过366. at heart（=in reality）内心里，实际上367. in one's heart（of hearts）内心深处，事实上368. by heart（=by memory）熟记，背（诵）369. to one's heart's content尽情地370. with all one's heart全心全意地，真心实意371. hinder…form（=stop…from）阻碍，使……不能做372. be（go）on holiday在（去）度假；go on holiday = go for a holiday373. be（feel）at home（=to be comfortable；not feel worried）感觉合适，无拘束，熟悉374. be honest in诚实375. in one's honour（or in honour of）祝贺，纪念376. on one's honour以某人的名誉担保377. hope for希望（某事发生），希望有378. to one's horror令某人感到恐惧的是379. in a hurry（=hastily）匆忙地380. be identical with（=exactly alike）和完全相同381. be identified with被视为与…等同382. in ignorance of不知道…383. be ignorant of（= lacking knowledge）对…不了解，不知道384.（an）impact（on）对…的强烈影响385. impose…on把…强加给386. impress…on给…留下印象387. make（leave）an impression on sb. =give sb. an impression给…留下印象388. under the impression that有……的印象，认为389. improve sth.（make sth. better）把原物改进；improve on（=produce or be sth. better than…）另做一物比原物更好390. improve in（=get better）有改进，好些391. improvement in表示原物有改进，好转392. include…in把…列在…里面393. inclusive of把…包括在内394. independent of独立的，不受约束的395. indicative of表明，说明396. be indifferent to（=not interested in）对…漠不关心，冷淡，不在乎397.（be）inferior to（=less good in quality or value）比…差；superior to比…好398. inform sb. of sth.通知，告诉399. be innocent of无罪的，无辜的400. insist on（=order sth. to happen）坚持要401. instead of（=in place of）代替，而不是…402. instruct…in（=teach）教指导训练某人…403. insure…for把…保险（多少钱）；ensure使安全；assure…（of）使…确信，保证404. insure…against保险…以防405. intend…for打算把…给406.（be）intent on专心致志，坚决407. in the interests of符合…的利益；be interested in对…感兴趣408. interfere in干涉，interfere with打搅，干扰409. at intervals每隔一会儿，每隔一段距离410. intervene in干预411. invest in投资412. be involved in（=become connected or concerned）卷入，参加413. by itself（=alone，without help）单独地，靠自己414. in itself本身；of itself自发，自然415. be jealous of妒忌416. jump at（=to be eager to accept）抢着接受，417. jump on（=scold，tell of）叱责418. junior to sb.年纪较…轻，职位较…低419.（be）keen on喜爱，渴望420. keep a close watch on（=keep a sharp lookout for）密切注视421. ke ep…to oneself（=keep secret）不告诉别人422. to（the best of）one's knowledge据…所知423. at large（=at liberty，free）在逃，逍遥法外at large（=in general）一般来说，大体上；at large（=at full length；with details）详细地424. lean against（背）靠着…425. at least至少；at most至多426.（not）in the least一点（也不），丝毫（也不）427. at one's leisure在…有空的时候428. lend itself/themselves to适合于（某用途）429. at length（=after a long time，at last）终于；at length（=in detail，thoroughly）详细地430. go to any length想一切办法，尽一切力量431. be liable to（=be subject to）易于……的，应受（罚）432. be liable for对…应负责任的433. lie in在于434. in life一生中435. for life终身436. in the light of（=considering；taking into account）考虑到，根据437. throw light on（= make clear，explain）使…更为清楚，提供线索，阐明438. in line with（=in agreement with）符合，一致439. long for（=want very much）渴望，希望得到440. for long很久，很长时间（否定句疑问句中）441. before long（=soon）不久，过了不久以后442. in the long run（=in the end）从长远来说，最后；in the short term（从短期来说）443.（be）at a loss不知所措444.major in主修（某课程）。