新东方2011最新考研翻译教程5
[考研综合] 2011年新东方刘一男最新5500词汇(共45学时 43讲)
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刚从网上搜到的跟大家分享一下2011年新东方刘一男最新5500词汇（共45学时43讲）迅雷下载地址【将以“thunder://”开头的链接（包括thunder://）复制到迅雷的新建任务即可下载】第1讲thunder://QUFmdHA6Ly9jZXNoaTowMDAwMDBANjEuMTMwL jY3LjEwLzIwMTDK1Mz9v86zzC8yMDExxOrQwrart73TotPvu/m 0obDgLS3B9dK7xNDX7tDCtMq747DgLzIwMTHE6tfu0MLB9dK 7xNC/vNHQNTUwMLTKu+Motdox0KHKsSkucmFyWlo=第2讲thunder://QUFmdHA6Ly9jZXNoaTowMDAwMDBANjEuMTMwL jY3LjEwLzIwMTDK1Mz9v86zzC8yMDExxOrQwrart73TotPvu/m 0obDgLS3B9dK7xNDX7tDCtMq747DgLzIwMTHE6tfu0MLB9dK 7xNC/vNHQNTUwMLTKu+Motdoy0KHKsSkucmFyWlo=第3讲thunder://QUFmdHA6Ly9jZXNoaTowMDAwMDBANjEuMTMwL jY3LjEwLzIwMTDK1Mz9v86zzC8yMDExxOrQwrart73TotPvu/m 0obDgLS3B9dK7xNDX7tDCtMq747DgLzIwMTHE6tfu0MLB9dK 7xNC/vNHQNTUwMLTKu+Motdoz0KHKsSkucmFyWlo=第4讲thunder://QUFmdHA6Ly9jZXNoaTowMDAwMDBANjEuMTMwL jY3LjEwLzIwMTDK1Mz9v86zzC8yMDExxOrQwrart73TotPvu/m0obDgLS3B9dK7xNDX7tDCtMq747DgLzIwMTHE6tfu0MLB9dK 7xNC/vNHQNTUwMLTKu+Motdo00KHKsSkucmFyWlo=第5讲thunder://QUFmdHA6Ly9jZXNoaTowMDAwMDBANjEuMTMwL jY3LjEwLzIwMTDK1Mz9v86zzC8yMDExxOrQwrart73TotPvu/m 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2011年考研,新东方考研英语,2011年考研英语复习2010考研英语一翻译题详细解析
2010考研英语一翻译题详细解析(46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them翻译：科学家们匆匆赶来救援，但证据是明显站不住脚的。
大意就是，如果鸟不能控制这些虫子，虫子就会吃光一切。
解析：1.句子主干为Scientist jump to the rescue. With引导jump的伴随状语，to the effect that 是evidence的同位语从句。
If从句是该同位语从句中的条件状语从句。
2.Jump to sth表示“匆匆......”, 例如jump to a conclusion表示“匆匆得出结论”； to the effect that 是固定搭配，表示“大意是...”(47) but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue asa matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.翻译：但是，我们至少比较一致的认可这样一种观点，即：无论鸟类对我们是否具有经济价值，他们都应该继续享有其固有的生物权利。
解析：1.句子主干是We have drawn near the point；Of admitting是介词短语做定语，修饰point，；之后的that...是admit的宾语从句；regardless of ...是作让步状语。
2.draw near the point of，意为“接近......”, as a matter of, 意为“作为......”, regardless of,意为，“不管，不顾”，引导让步状语。
研究生英语教程熟谙 unit 5 reading practice 全文翻译
Unit5当人口统计学家最初开始被即将到来的人口膨胀所吸引时，人们认为这个发现是国家事务中的罕见事件，一个可预见的问题。
提前预见当然意味着提前武装。
甚至有个套语专门为此发明，“人口时间炸弹”，看上去像是暗示炸弹可以被拆除。
人口统计上的事实是无法逃避的，因为统计所关注的人已经出生。
同样是婴儿潮一代的人，1945年后他们挤满了托儿所，21世纪30年代时他们还将打包疗养院。
然而至今为止说的仍比做的多。
并且随着最初的婴儿潮一代今年才刚刚满50，在炸弹爆炸前我们还有一段留给争论的缓和空间。
一些争论反复围绕着一个话题：通过增加出生率和人口迁移率来增加未来工作人口，并增大老人抚养资金投入。
目前，甚至还没有几个国家可以生育足够的青少年人口来保持人口稳定，更不用说增加出生率了。
如果人们可以劝妇女有更多的子女，按照这个说法，这将加大工作到退休人口比例（虽然这同样会暂时增加居多的中年人口抚养老人小孩的负担）。
在瑞典这个世界上最“老”的国家出现了一个令人振奋的趋势，那里最近的生育率升高至替换水平。
在世界大的发达国家中，仅有美国有类似的生育率。
但其他国会效仿吗？对于另一个充满幻想的恢复劳动力的方法—人口迁移，在富有的国家中迁移仍是个十分敏感的话题。
允许足够的移民来做一番事情在政治上行不通。
据OECD统计，如果日本、德国和意大利希望补偿在2000到2050年间的工作年龄人口下降，它们将不得不各自引进13,000,000到15,000,000人。
并且到时，移民自身也将老去。
也许最有效的增加劳动力支撑的办法是延迟退休年龄，这能巧妙的将提高税后收入，提高社会安保贡献与缓解社会养老金支出结合起来。
但将来的先锋们会厌烦对他们利益的等待，而且特别是在高失业率的时期，劳动市场会保持对大龄工人的敌意。
最后只剩下最显然的可以保存花销的做法：提高青年人的贡献，或是削减利益，或是两者结合。
在医疗方面，一些国家已经实施改革，并且有的改革在控制支出方面相当成功。
2011考研刘一男5500词汇讲义免费下载!!
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983. concession 975. concede
[5AbstrAkt] [Eb5strAkt]
[E5trAkt] [sEb5trAkt]
soup-汤
吸吮——[shun]?[yun]?
sorb-吸收
a. 抽象的
ab-加强语气
n. 摘要，梗概
s-加强语气
vt. 提取；摘录要点 slim-苗条的（lim-line）
acre亩、田地 cult-种植）
colony-殖民地
v. 贿赂，收买
cor=com=con
a. 腐败的，贪污的 共同/加强语气
v. 撕，剥，劈，锯，裂开， ripe-成熟
撕裂 n. 裂口，裂缝
新东方2011翻译讲义
新东方在线考研翻译基础班讲义主讲：唐静课程简介以讲解翻译基础知识为主，基本不涉及考研翻译的真题。
但是，真题很重要，有必要在强化训练中完全掌握真题。
课程大纲第一章考研翻译基础知识一翻译的定义二翻译的标准和翻译的方法三翻译的基本过程四考研翻译的核心解题策略第二章翻译技巧：词法翻译法一词义选择和词义引申二词性转换三增词法四省略法第三章翻译技巧：句法翻译法一名词性从句的翻译二定语从句的翻译三状语从句的翻译四被动结构的翻译第一讲翻译的定义翻译是一门语言的艺术，是语言之间的转换，是在准确理解的基础上用一种语言来忠实的表达另外一种语言。
考研翻译简介（一）考研翻译考查内容和形式根据全国硕士研究生统一考试英语考试大纲规定，考研翻译“主要考查考生准确理解内容或结构复杂的英语材料的能力。
要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章，并将其中5个划线部分（约150词）译成汉语，要求译文准确、完整、通顺。
考生在答题卡2上作答。
”以2007年考研翻译题为例，考生在试卷上阅读的是一篇完整的文章，翻译的是5个划线部分。
如：Part CTranslation:Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 Points)The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. 46)Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. 47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist's intellectual preparation for his or her career.48) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the new media.Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. 49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. 50) While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system（二）考研翻译的评分标准根据大纲规定，考研翻译的评分标准如下：5个小题，每题2分，共10分。
2011硕士研究生英语(一)答案-新东方版
2011硕士研究生英语答案北京新东方考研名师周雷唐静王江涛李玉技2011年考研英语的考试刚刚结束，就拿到的真题分析，整体难度与2010年相比，有所下降，但是各部分的题目难度增减不一。
完型填空部分，难度基本上没有变化，但是对词汇的考察有所加强，阅读理解Part A部分不论是从文章的选取和题目的设计，比去年的难度都有一定程度的降低。
阅读理解的PART B 部分，第一次出现了排序题，虽然排序在几种题型中算是难度比较低的，但是命题者通过文章的选择，避免了一些明显的标志词的出现，成功地增加了难度，但是整体而言，此部分难度比去年有所降低。
这次考试，难度降低比较明显的是作文部分。
2010年的文化火锅确实使不少同学在构思和用词上煞费苦心，而今年关于旅游区爱护环境的话题，其文章审题的难度，仅限于高一语文作文的水平，加之环保是考研英语作文的大热点，相信很多同学在考前也有目的地记忆了一些这方面的词汇和句型，写起来一定是更加得心应手。
完型填空题目的文章来自于2009年4月号Scientific American, 作者Steve Ayan, 原文题目为How Humor Makes You Friendlier, Sexier：幽默如何使你更加有人缘且性感Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health。
” But 1despite some claims to the contrary, chuckling probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does 2 produce short-term changes in cardiovascular function and respiration, 3 boosting heart rate, respiratory rate and depth, as well as oxygen consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to 4 sustain, a good guffaw is unlikely to have5 measurable cardiovascular benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does。
研词电子讲义Unit5
Unit 5relationship1. relate → relation; unrelated*2. relative → relatively3. relationally*4. correlatecorrelate2007 阅读2Research has found that IQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions, but under high-stress conditions, IQ was negatively correlated with leadership – that is, it predicted the opposite.参考译文：研究发现，低压状态下的智商测试能预测领导能力，但是在高压状态下智商与领导力却呈现负相关，即它预测了相反的情况。
continue1. continuous2. continuityfocusunfocusedfocus2010 考研二阅读2In my own research, complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his, or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning, cooking, social arrangements. Instead, they focused on communication: “He doesn't listen to me,” “He doesn't talk to me.”参考译文：在我自己的研究中，女性对自己丈夫的抱怨最多的并不是一些切实存在的不平等现象，如为了陪伴丈夫而放弃自己的事业或是承担的日常家务劳动远比丈夫多，包括打扫、做饭及安排社交活动等。
新东方所有的图书目录都在这里
定价
作/译者
出版年月
书友会编号
书 号
版别
35.00 38.00 38.00 38.00 98.00 48.00 28.00 68.00 24.00 10.00 28.00 48.00 48.00 49.00 46.00 48.00 28.00 28.00 148.00
47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65
GRE综合指导与全真考场（内附光盘一张） GRE类比/反义词 GRE数学高分快速突破 GRE句子填空（2006版） GRE全真模拟试题集（2006版） GRE&GMAT阅读难句教程（2006版） 17天搞定GRE单词（2006版） GRE写作（2006版） GRE词汇逆序记忆小词典(2005) GRE词汇精选配套磁带6盒/套(2006) GRE词汇精选（2006） 最新GRE词汇全解 GRE&TOEFL核心词汇 实验教程 GRE全球最高分得主经验谈 GRE词汇复习笔记（一）形近词 GRE词汇考试频率统计及中文译解 GRE GMAT LSAT逻辑推理 ——分类思维训练及真题解析 GRE词汇分类类比、反义及常考意群 GRE&GMAT数学难题精解
吴聊 杜伟 包凡一、王玉梅 高燕莉 孙钰
杜子华 吴聊
GRE系列 GRE系列 45 46 GRE作文大讲堂——方法、素材、题目剖析 GRE句子填空15天速战速决 38.00 29.00 韦晓亮 柏之菁，连盟 2006年9月 2006年7月 60909 60701 7800805980 7800805484 群言出版社 群言出版社
61202 60803 60804 60805 60801 60703
2011考研英语一和二翻译真题和答案
2011考研英语一和二翻译真题和答案说明：原文选自一本非常著名的书Fifty Self-help Classics（见图），主要选自这本书的第11页和12页，经过命题专家改写，有些变了模样。
该书是一本励志类的读物，是一部书评，所以翻译起来并不轻松，甚至还有一些哲理性的语言，颇费思量。
以下为考试原文和译文，仅供参考；时间仓促，不对之处，敬请指出并谅解。
祝福各位考研的朋友。
北京新东方学校国内部唐静With its theme that “Mind is the master weaver,” creating our inner character and outer circumstances, the book As a Man Thinking by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing。
(46) Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share--that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature.我们每个人都认为：自己不是机器人，因此能够控制自己的思想；爱伦的贡献在于他研究了这一假说，并揭示其错误的本质。
Because most of us believe that mind is separate from matter, we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless; this allows us to think one way and act another. However, Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind, and (47) while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? ”我们或许只通过意识就能维持这种控制的幻觉，但事实上，我们却总是面临一个问题：我们为什么不能让自己去做这件事情，实现那个目标呢？Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire, Allen concluded : “ We do not attract what we want, but what we are。
2011考研翻译精品班讲义(学生版)
考研翻译精品班讲义（2011）薛海滨haibin_x@上海新东方论坛考研资料下载：/index.php（国内考试团队）考研翻译总论1、翻译考点（词语—句子—篇章—文化）2、翻译标准1）理解准确、表达通顺和内容完整2）直译/意译(74) Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.(1997, p.2)3）误区(63) The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study unique and distinctly important social science. (2003, p.8)(72) Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived. (2001, p.6)3、评分标准分段给分、微观评分、综合扣分Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.（2011）1、词义的选择两大原则：1）熟悉往年一词多义/熟词生意现象（参见附录）2）新词：本义+上下文四大技巧：根据词性选择词义（46）Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. (2007, p.12)根据语境选择词义（语境＝句子意义＋语域）(75) And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder---kitchen rage. (2001, p.6)50）While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. (2007, p.12)根据搭配选择词义(64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. （2004，p.9）Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.（2011）练习He killed the motion when it came from the committee.He killed himself with overwork.He killed the spirit of the group.The news killed their hope.These flowers kill easily.He killed three bottles of whisky in a week.Kill one’s appetiteKill timeKill the peaceKill the moodKill a marriage根据主题确定词义（1998年考题，p.3）They were, by far, the largest and most distant objects that scientists had ever detected: a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light-years from earth. (71)But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. That was just about the moment that the universe was born. What the researchers foundwas at once both amazing and expected; the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Cosmic Background Explorer satellite—Cobe—had discovered landmark evidence that the universe did in fact begin with the primeval explosion that has become known as the Big Bang (the theory that the universe originated in an explosion from a single mass of energy.)(72)The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. According to the theory, the universe burst into being as a submicroscopic, unimaginable dense knot of pure energy that flew outward in all directions, emitting radiation as it went, condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas. Over billions of years, the gas was compressed by gravity into galaxies, stars, plants and eventully, even humans.Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structures, but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well, the seeds of local objects like clusters and superclusters of galaxies. They shouldn't have long to wait. (73)Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon.(74)If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. Inflation says that very early on, the universe expanded in size by more than a trillion trillion trillion trillionfold in much less than a second, propelled by a sort of antigravity. (75)Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.2、专有名词的翻译（参见附录）3、代词的翻译This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals----the average scientist for one. 48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties--- he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. （2006，p. 11）The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless.(73) It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. (1997, p2)To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50)It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.(2010)句型的翻译1、长句解读：简单句/连词/介词短语（非谓语短语）(61) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be. (2004, p9)(63) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. (2004, p9)(49) Creating a “European identity”that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice - that of producing programs in Europe for Europe. (2005, p.10)练习：The thrust of the article was that we need not feel we are helpless if disease tries to tear away at our bodies, and that we can have greater confidence in the reality of a healing system that is beautifully designed to meet most of its problems.( MONI-passage 1-p14-75)（47）On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. (2007, p.14)2、翻译技巧1）从句的翻译定语从句●识别方式●翻译技巧前置法(62) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. （2004, p9））后置法(65) Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture”, like the concept of “set” in mathematics, isan abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding. (03-p8)分译法(49) Creating a “European identity”that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice - that of producing programs in Europe for Europe. (2005, p.12)融合法（64）Freedom and dignity illustrate the difficulty. They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievement. (2002, p.7)(71) The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with the ill-informed and incompetent users. (1995)＃英语静态转化汉语动态（动词派生的名词——动词）练习：（71）He must obtain data both on the resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending. (MONI-passage 5-20)同位语从句●识别模式●翻译技巧(64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. （2004，p.9）（48）But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. (2007, p.12)＃词/词组同位语(47) In Europe, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful: groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another. (2005, p.10)主语从句（阴阳翻译法）●识别模式●翻译技巧（71）Either the progressive loss of function makes the organism less able to withstand infectious disease, or, often, the failure of some vital organ precipitates the death of all the rest. (MONI-passage 6-p21)How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.(1995)(75) An acceptable general noise level is achieved by careful acoustic control to provide aural privacy and mask intrusive noise. (MONI-Passage 2-p16)＃英语抽象表达转化为汉语具体表达练习（72）Whether these practices were typically the result of economic desperation, the difficulty of raising an out-of-wedlock child, or lack of attachment to an infant is not clear, but the fact that many well-to-do married women casually chose to give their infants to wet nurses, despite the higher mortality risks, suggests that the reasons were not always economic difficulty or fear of social stigma. （MONI-passage 4-p.19）(63)That our environment has little，if anything，to do with our abilities，characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. (1990)(75)Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force. (1994)2）短语的翻译（翻译技巧：短语成句）非谓语短语（主要掌握非谓语短语作定语和状语的翻译）(75) Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements---themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. （2000, p5）(64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. (2004, p.9)Instead of addressing ourselves to the cause, we become pushovers for pills, driving the pain to underground and inviting it to return with increased authority.( MONI-passage 1-p.15)(74) Galileo' s greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the Earth. (1994)Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. ①A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer.②To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.（2011）介词短语This ability to express oneself in a foreign language on a basis of thinking in that language without reference to one’s own is essential at all stages of learning. (MONI-passage 3-p17-74) 3）特殊句型的翻译形式主语(50) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “Unity we stand, divided we fall” -and if I ha d to choose a slogan it would be “Unity in our diversity.” (2005, p.10)强调句(74) It is because of the close association in most people’s minds of tools with man that special attention has always been focused upon an animal able to use the object as a tool; but it is important to realize that this ability, on its own, doesn’t necessarily indicate any specialintelligence in the creature concerned. (MONI-Passage 9-p25)被动语态（被动化主动/物称化人称）施动者提前(73) During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in historical study. (1999，p4)直接化为主动(62) The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find. (2002, p.7)"Sustainability" has become a popular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured a painful period of unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed through every day action and choice.(2010)（泛指代词）+还原主动(49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. (2006, p.11)时间地点名词作为施动者（46）Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. (2007, p.12)保留被动(75) When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at. （97-p2）物称化人称Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It sounds like a useful, ground-clearing way to start. (71)Actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.（97-p2）(61) One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on. (2002-p7)否定式的翻译(71) Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. （1994）Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected American. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not American, who have become anti-intellectual.First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic(苏格拉底) way about moral problems. He explores such problem consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of thefactual and moral information which he has obtained. (47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals----the average scientist for one. 48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties--- he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. 49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. During most of his walking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.The definition also excludes the majority of factors, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living (50) They may teach very well , and more than earn their salaries ,but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. This description even fits the majority eminent scholars. “Being learned in some branch of human knowledge in one thing, living in public and industrious thoughts”, as Emersion would say, “is something else.” (2006, p.11)（46）Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. (2007, p.12)补充：●The engine didn't stop because the fuel was finished.●Thus the American, on his linguistic side, likes to make his language as he goes along,and all the hard work of the school teachers can not hold the business back.附录一：考研阅读与翻译部分典型熟词生意1 allow 承认We must allow that he is right on this matter2 addressaddress vt 处理To deal with:addressed the issue of absenteeism. 处理旷工事宜3 advantagetake advantage of 欺骗(deceive) 对……加以利用took advantage of the customer. 欺骗消费者4 appreciateappreciate v.意识到(＝realize) 抬高…价格、涨价I appreciate that I maybe worng.This land has appreciated in value. 这块土地增值了。
专业学位硕士研究生英语教程Unit-5词汇及课后答案
专业学位硕士研究生英语教程Unit-5词汇及课后答案unit 5NamingWord Bank(academy->) academic: n. 学者/ adj. 学术性someone who looks at things in an academic way学者；The Police Academy；academic conference学术年会aesthetic: adj. 美学的(aesthetics: n. 美学) of or concerning the appreciation of beauty or good taste美学的，审美的(bad taste->tasteless) [sex<->sexy](audio-: 与听力有关) audit: n. an examination of records or financial accounts to check their (accurate->) accuracy审计ballet (Italian): n. a classical dance form characterized by grace and precision芭蕾舞(bost->boster) boom: v. to grow or develop rapidly; flourish/ thrive/ prosper快速发展(burglar->) burglary: n. the act of entering a building or other premises with the intent to commit (thief->) theft入室盗窃(calculate->calculator->) calculus: n. the branch of mathematics that deals with limits and the (different->differentiate->) differentiation and integration of functions of one or more variables微积分commit: v. to do, perform, or perpetrate做，实行或犯罪; ~ a crime犯罪/ ~ suicide自杀(pesticide杀虫剂); spend the committed time花够所需的时间(detect->) detective: n. sb. who investigates crimes and obtains evidence or information 侦探; private ~私家侦探disparity (gap/ difference): n. the condition or fact of being unequal, as in age, rank, or degree; difference不等，差距(distinct->distinctive-) distinctively: adv. distinguishingly特殊地fake: （1）n./ （2）adj. having a false or misleading appearance; fraudulent假的hitch: v. t o connect or attach连住; hitchhike搭便车；attachment附件intrigue: v. to arouse the interest or (curious->好奇的) curiosity of激起…的兴趣或好奇心manifest: adj. obvious明显的; Manifesto共产党宣言; manual labo(u)r体力劳动marquee: n. a large tent with open sides, used chiefly for outdoor (enter->entertain给人以娱乐->）entertainment大帐篷mayhem: n. the offense of willfully maiming or (crippled=disabled残疾的) crippling a person身体伤害罪[mis-:(1)wrong; (2)bad->] misdeed: n. a wrong or illegal deed (行为); a wrongdoing 违法行为noteworthy: adj. notable值得注意的obsessive: adj. of, relating to, characteristic of, or causing an obsession着迷的(offend->offense->offensive: offensive talk) offender: n. one (sb.) that offends, especially one that breaks a public law违法者outrageous: adj. being well beyond the bounds (limits) of good taste蛮横的, 残暴的, 无耻的, 可恶的, 令人不可容忍的; 勃然大怒perceive: v. to achieve understanding of apprehend (comprehend)理解(proliferate->) proliferation: n. a rapid increase or spreading激增prosper (->prosperous-> prosperous-looking很成功的样子): v. to be fortunate orsuccessful, especially in terms of one's finances; thrive繁荣，成功(sume=get) resume: n. a brief written account of educational and professional qualifications and experience学术简历(segregate->) segregation: n. the act or process of segregating or the condition of being segregated隔离; discriminate->discrimination歧视sergeant: n. the rank of police officer next below a captain, lieutenant (陆军中尉, 海军上尉), or inspector警官sheer: adj. completely such, without qualification or exception纯粹，完全的; sheer luck 纯粹是运气好[solid: (1)固体;(2) 牢固的;(3)孤独的] solidarity: n. fellowship of responsibilities and interests团结，一致; solidary bee独蜂starkly: adv. completely or utterly; extremely完全地（tempt：引诱+ tress一绺头发->）temptress: n. an (allure引诱) alluring, (witch->) bewitching woman诱惑男人的女人; (wise->wiz->) wizard巫婆神汉/ 向导; witch try [past: (1)adj. e.g. in the ~ few days; (2) preposition, e.g. He went past my window.] (tres-: across) trespass: v. to commit an offense or a sin; transgress or err (err<->error不懂而出错<->mistake懂但不小心出错) 违法或犯罪; [crime<->sin] Some people prefer to call errors mistakes.不懂装懂。
2011考研最最权威的翻译强化总结
一、考研翻译的题型2011考研年最最权威的翻译总结1）考研翻译是主观题：写汉字，书写要工整；2）考研翻译是阅读理解题；、二、考研翻译的命题原则1）所选择的体裁偏向于专业领域的学术文献；2）所选择的话题偏向文科、社会科学领域；3）划线句子长度为30个单词左右，总长度为150个单词左右；三、考研翻译的评分标准考研翻译的评分标准=翻译标准=检查译文的标准1）准确：大意相同；2）通顺：说人话；3）完整：要成句；准确是前提，通顺是目的四、考研英语翻译的考试内容，考研翻译的三大考点：1、考查专有名词、词组和多义词的翻译；A．专有名词：人名、地名和国家名称；专业术语B．词组C．多义词：熟词生义；生词2、考查一般性翻译技巧，包括词序调整和词义选择A．词序调整：如果按照英语原顺序翻译不通顺的话，则需要改变汉语译文的先后顺序。
B．词义选择：分析词根和词缀来翻译；分析上下文来翻译；结合汉语的习惯搭配方式来翻译；3、考查具体句型的翻译，包括定语从句、状语从句和被动结构等等；考研翻译的方法方法：直译为主，适当意译。
直译：直接翻译意译：把意思说出来考研翻译的步骤1．通读全句，查找连接。
2．分析成分，划分意群。
3．选择词义，适当草稿。
读：多读汉语。
4．调整通顺，书写译文。
调整：词序调整，词义选择。
遇到生词：造句，填空。
遇到多义词：同义替换（汉语同义词）多改汉语病句听课重点：1．单词2．顺序定语从句的翻译一．前置即把定语从句翻译到它所修饰的先行词前，并常常用“的”来连接。
如果定语结构简单，信息量小，翻译前置。
二．如果定语从句结构复杂，信息覆盖量大，翻译成汉语不容易叙述清楚，则采用后置翻译法。
这时可以和前面的主句分开，另起一句话，但常常需要重复先行词或者将其用代词代替。
后置最常用。
强调句型的翻译常常还原强调部分后，直接翻译，并习惯用“就是”“正是”“的确”“确实”等加强语气。
Very ，do等也可表示强调。
关注词性，例如the past是名词在考研翻译中，碰到代词:直接对应适用于第一二人称，指代明确适用于第三人称，但不一定。
5 (句法&语态)余乐斌-新东方考研翻译
带来了,
收音机 公开房子, 公共机构
• 1998. 71 (page 171, passage 3) • But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. • farthest (far) 最远的 • look into 观察, 调查, 浏览
• • • • • • •
英语中,定语从句在句中的位置一般是在其 所修饰的先行词后面; 而汉语中的定语一定在其所修饰的词前面. powers which will secure this ability 确保(他们)这种能力的力量 定语从句翻译法: 可以把定语从句放到所修饰的先行词前面, 做前置定语,用”的”来连接.
• But even more important, it was the farthest / that scientists had been able to look into the past, // for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures (that existed 15 billion years ago. ) • 整个复合句中, But … the past, 是主句, 而for • what … ago. 是原因状语从句. • 主句中, but even more important是状语部分, 而 • 主干部分是it was… that… (经典的强调结构), 强 • 调部分是 the farthest; • for… ago 原因状语从句, 主语是 what they were • seeing (what引导的主语从句), 谓语是were, 宾语 • 是 the patterns and structures, • that existed 15 billioin years ago 是定语从句,修 • 饰the patterns and structure;
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British English slang and colloqualismsLawrence原创版本日期20100107258K /thread-3828-1-2.html
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新编英语教程5单词_句子翻译_paraphrase完整答案
Unit1Part11.more or less: imprecise but fairly close to correct; almost but not exact.2.scrupulous: careful; exact; strict.3.afield: far away from home or one’s usual surroundings.4.rife: widespread; common; excessively abundant.5.malapropism: the unintentional misuse of a word by confusion with one that sounds similar.6.coercion: the act of compelling by force of authority; using force to cause something7.epitomize: embody the essential characteristics of or be a typical example of8.disprove: prove to be false9.expire: terminate; conclude; come to an end10.indigent: poor enough to need help from othersPart21."How can I know what I think till I see what I say?"<1.16>"Only when I have found the right words can I describe what is in my mind/what my ideas exactly are."2.The exact use of language gives us mastery over the material we aredealing with.<1.19>The correct use of language allows us to acquire a thoroughunderstanding of what we are currently doing.3.But words that are very similar in meaning have fine shades ofdifferences, and a student needs to be alive to these differences.<1.54>But slight differences can still be found in words that are very close in meaning, and a student should learn to be quick in detecting such differences.4. A good carpenter is not distinguished by the number of his tools, butby the craftsmanship with which he uses them.<1.90>The number of tools alone does not make a good carpenter; and it is the skills he has acquired that can.Part3:Translation1.在举出许多事实并列出一些统计数字后,他终于把他的论点说清楚了。
翻译硕士 MTI 各校 参考书 报录比
复试科目:1.英语笔译、2.英语口译；同等学力加试:高级阅读与写作、高级英语听说。
1-《实用翻译教程（修订版）》，刘季春主编，中山大学出版社。
2-《英汉翻译基础教程》，冯庆华、穆雷主编，高等教育出版社；
3-《英语口译教程》，仲伟合主编，高等教育出版社。
4-《高级英语》张汉熙，外语教学与研究出版社。
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朱桃香、詹乔、赵友斌、赵君、程倩、王心洁、蒲若茜、李国庆、陈龙、李海辉、李知宇、宫齐、廖开洪、黄若妤、付永钢、施佳胜、王全智、朱湘军、梁瑞清、刘森林、段维军
360 360 370 中山大学 广东 广西大学 广西 调剂 广西民族大学 广西 调剂 广西师范大学 广西 调剂 贵州大学 贵州 调剂 贵州师范大学 贵州 调剂 夏尚立、胡晓 海南大学 海南 1-《高级 河北大学 河北 河北联合大学 河北 1-《高级英语》（ 河北师范大学 河北 华北电力大学（保定） 河北 燕山大学 河北 河南大学 河南 1-《实用英汉翻译教程》申雨平等编（外语 河南科技大学 河南 河南师范大学 河南 解放军外国语学院 河南 杨明星,刘辰诞 李晶漪,杨黎 信阳师范学院 河南 郑州大学 河南 联合办学 东北林业大学 黑龙江 哈尔滨工程大学 黑龙江 调剂 360 360 355 哈尔滨工业大学 黑龙江 1-《英汉笔译全译实践教程》主编黄忠廉 哈尔滨理工大学 黑龙江 余承法 国防工业出版社
研究生英语读写译教程 第5 marriage原文翻译及课后答案
研究生英语读写译教程第5 marriage原文翻译及课后答案研究生英语读写译教程第5-marriage原文翻译及课后答案婚姻何以失败安洛芙[1]如今，以离婚告终的婚姻如此之多，我们最神圣的誓约听上去都不再真实了。
“从此永远幸福地生活着”和“直到死神将我们分开”这类话语似乎快过时了。
夫妻长相守何以变得如此困难？哪儿出了问题？我们到底怎么了，竟然有差不多半数的婚姻注定要以离婚法庭为终点？有42%的儿童将在单亲家庭中长大，我们怎么把社会弄成这样了呢？如果统计数字能测量出孤独、懊悔、痛苦、失去自信和对未来恐惧的程度，这些数字会大得惊人。
[2]虽然破裂的婚姻各有其独特的情况，但我们还是能找到致使婚姻无法维持下去的共同因素，即常见的危险。
凡婚姻都有其危机时刻，都要考验持久力、考验既能亲密相处又善应对变化的能力。
外部压力，如失业、疾病、不育、抚育孩子、赡养年迈的父母，以及生活中其他种种烦恼，都会如飓风横扫海岸那样对婚姻带来打击。
有些婚姻经受住了这些风暴，有些则不然。
但婚姻失败并不是简单地由外部天气造成的，而是由于内部气候变得过热或过冷，变得过于狂暴或过于麻木造成的。
[3]如果我们来看一下自己如何挑选出子女，看看一下在爱情最初的柔情、唯美阶段有著怎样的期盼，婚姻触礁的一些原因便显而易见了。
无意中我们都准确地选上了为和我们一起扩建我们第一个家庭的情感模式的伴侣。
婚姻心理治疗专家、威斯康星大学精神病学荣誉去职教授卡尔a威塔科尔表述说道：“从幼年起至，我们每一个人心里就对婚姻、女性气质、男性气质、为人母、为人父，以及其他各种家庭角色存有了自己的模式。
”我们每一个人都凤凰于飞具备自己父母气质的伴侣，能够协助我们在心理上重温以往生活中的快乐与苦痛的伴侣。
我们或许可以以为自己打听的男人与爸爸相同，可是到头来，就像是爸爸那样，他吸毒，或者吸食毒品，或者一次又一次失业，或者就像是爸爸那样一言不发地趴在电视机前。
男人或许可以挑选一个像是自己母亲一样不讨厌孩子的女人，或者一个像是自己母亲一样把家里的钱全都赌光的女人。
研究生英语综合教程崔校平Unit5课文翻译全文剖析
可编辑修改精选全文完整版Text AWhat in the Air Causes Lung Cancer?空气中的什么东西导致了肺癌？Many have assumed that air pollution causes cancer, but proof was lacking. Until now.许多人都认为空气污染会导致癌症，但缺乏证据。
直到现在。
Last month (October 2013)the World Health Organization's cancer arm, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), declared that air pollution is a carcinogen. While physicians and others have long intuited a relationship between poor air quality and malignancy, few scientific organizations officially recognized the link. Proof was lacking.上个月（2013年10月），世界卫生组织的癌症部门--国际癌症研究机构（IARC）宣布，空气污染是一种致癌物。
虽然医生和其他人长期以来一直认为恶劣的空气质量与恶性肿瘤之间存在关系，但很少有科学组织正式承认这种联系。
证据是缺乏的。
The new designation rests on findings of a large analysis published in Lancet Oncology. The ESCAPE trial drew data from registries involving over 312,000 individuals in nine European countries followed for over 12 years, on average. The investigators used several models to evaluate possible associations between the sizes, types, and density of particles in air, or traffic patterns, and lung cancer cases. They checked for social and economic factors, like fruit consumed per person, age, sex, and education levels that might confound the data, and assessed smoking habits. A total of 2,095 lung cancer cases emerged within the study population. The researchers observed a clear, positive correlation between the amount of particulate matter in air sampled near a person's address and the odds of developing lung cancer. They also identified a weaker but statistically significant link between the volume of road traffic near an individual's home and the chances of a lung cancer diagnosis.这项新的指定基于发表在《柳叶刀肿瘤学》上的一项大型分析的结果。
1专业学位硕士研究生英语教程--翻译答案合计-Unit2-Unit5
1专业学位硕士研究生英语教程--翻译答案合计-Unit2-Unit5Unit 2TranslationPut the following paragraphs into Chinese.When a woman is stressed she instinctively feels a need to talk about her feelings and all the possible problems that are associated with her feelings. When she begins talking she does not prioritize the significance of any problem. If she is upset, then she is upset about it all, (no mater it is) big and small. She is not immediately concerned with finding solutions to her problems but rather seeks relief by expressing herself and being understood. By randomly talking about her problems, she becomes less upset.参考译文：女人有压力时，会本能地需要找人谈论自己的感受以及所有可能与之相关的问题。
她一旦开始谈论，就不会顾虑到问题的优先顺序。
而她一难过，不论大大小小的事都让她沮丧不已。
她并不急于马上寻求解决策略，而是可通过倾诉自我，获得理解来取得纾解（安慰）。
通过随意倾诉自己的问题，她会感觉好受一点。
Exercise Turn the following sentences into Chinese.1. The improbable (pregnant) pregnancy was (some/ a pieces of) big news for the woman's family.2. In reality, I am a great (admire) admirer of Maya.3. Carlisle Street runs westward, across a great black bridge, down a hill and up again,by little shops and meat-markets, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn.4. The fact that she was able to send a message was a hint. But I had to be cautious.5. That day he was up before sunrise (sunrise: n./ vi.<->sunset: n./ vi.).参考译文：1. 她竟然能怀孕，对她的家庭来说可是一条特大消息。
研究生英语综合教程崔校平翻译及课后答案Unit5
Unit 5参考译文T ext A空气中什么引起肺癌？许多人认为空气污染能会导致癌症，但是到目前为止仍缺少证据。
上个月，世界卫生组织的癌症分支—国际癌症研究会声称，空气污染是一种致癌因素。
尽管医生和其他人长期凭直觉地认为差的空气质量和恶性肿瘤有关系，但是几乎没有科学组织官方地承认这种关系。
也就是说，证据不足。
致癌因素这个新的名称是以发表在《柳叶刀肿瘤学》杂志上的大量分析资料为基础的。
“ESCAPE”（空气污染效应的欧洲队列研究）试验从九个欧洲国家中对312000余人进行了历时12年之久的随访登记资料中得到数据。
调查者用了几个模型来评估空气中颗粒的大小、类型、密度或者交通方式与肺癌患病的可能性之间的关系。
他们检查了可能混淆数据的社会和经济因素，比如每人的水果消费量、年龄、性别和教育水平，并且评估了吸烟习惯。
在研究群体中一共出现了2095例肺癌患者。
调查者发现，从一个人居所周围抽样得到的空气中颗粒物质的数量和患肺癌的可能性有明显的正相关。
他们还发现，一个人家周围的道路交通车流量和患肺癌的几率有较弱但是有统计学意义的关联。
哥伦比亚大学环境卫生科学的教授Regina Santella说：“这是一个很重要的陈述/观点？”。
她认为，国际癌症研究机构决定的不寻常之处是，它指的是总体的空气污染，而不是特指一种具体的化学物质或者毒素，“这样公众容易理解”。
Santella说：“确切地讲，空气中的物质每天都会变化，在同一城市和邻里之间它都会不同”。
这是一个复杂的问题，因为空气污染包括大量的化合物。
潜在的有害化学物质从城市里汽车、卡车、工业厂房和农村地区燃烧的树叶以及其他来源进入空气。
污染物不仅仅因化学成分而不同，也区别于他们的大小和进入下呼吸道的能力。
“比如，你可能想了解那些直径小于2.5微米的颗粒。
这些空气传播的微小物质是导致健康问题的主要因素，” Santella 如是说。
美国毒理学项目目前没有把空气污染列入肺癌和其他癌症的病因。
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2 例句 9672)This trend began during the Second World War, when several govemments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.
考研翻译教程
北京新东方学校 宋平明
第十二 名词从句的翻译
一、宾语从句 二、同位语从句 三、主语从句 四、表语从句
翻译思路 1、严格按照顺序翻译 2、连接词that不译 3、连接词 what,how,whether等等 要翻译。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
二、同位语从句
1、同位语从句和定语从句的区别
He heard the bad news that his father has passed away. He accepted the bad fact that made him desperate.
2007年
(46) Traditionally legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. (48)But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.
(49)In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories. (50)While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.
• (48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. • (49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
2006
• (46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic(苏格拉底) way about moral problems. • (47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.
• Make of //// be made of Make sth of sth Make sth out of sth v.用...制造, 理解, 了解
3 同位语结构 0075简单句75) 主句Additional social stresses may also occur 原因状语because of the population explosion or problems 后 置定语arising from mass migration movements – 同位语 反身代词themselves 多重定语made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.
四、表语从句
• 0261复合句61) 主句One difficulty is 表语 从句that 从句的主语almost all of 宾语从句 what 被动结构is called behavioral science 谓语continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on.
• (50) They may teach very well , and more than earn their salaries ,but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.
• 05 (47) In Europe, as elsewhere, multimedia groups have been increasingly successful : groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.
谢谢大家的聆听
• 宋平明 songping1980@ /songpingming songpingming@ 555555
祝各位考试顺利
三 主语从句
95(72)How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount , reliability , and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.
两个例句： When I was a little boy, I began to lose my hair. I was born in 1978, when our government began to carry out the policy of reforming and opening.