Fast reading1
fast reading 1
Work-life Balance: Flex AppealGeorgina Blzzard and Nicky Imrie decided they needed to find a more flexible working pattern when they became mothers. Having had jobs in public relations, which involved long hours and a lot of pressure, they felt their old style of working would not suit their new responsibilities and decided to find a way to make the work they enjoyed fit in with their changed lives.They launched the PR Network in 2005, when Blizzard‟s eldest daughter, Isabella was just three months old. Both women work a three-day week, and built the running of the company around the sort of flexibility they needed. They offer the same level of flexibility to the freelance自由职业的associates, matching companies of all sizes looking for freelance support with workers with the right skill set who are happy to take on contracts that fit in with their preferred pattern of hours.While technology now enables many workers to do their thing from anywhere, at any time, recently developed forms of “extremely flexible” working are providing a way into the workplace for more people with lifestyles that can‟t easily accommodate a regular working pattern.Shaking up the workplace does not just help individuals. Wingham Rowan, founder of Slivers-of-Time, a social enterprise that has devised a system allowing people to sell their available working time through an online marketplace, believes extremely flexible working could hold the key to a brighter future for employment in the UK. “We have to start thinking in terms of work, not jobs,” says Rowan.Slivers-of-Time developed a web-based system to allow people to sell their time online to employers in tiny blocks of two hours or more, on days that suit them. More geared up for in-house staff than home workers, Slivers workers post their CV and their availability and employers can book them to cover busy periods or do a temporary piece of work. Ideal for careers, parents and anyone who wanted to use a few personal commitments, it was awarded government funding as a means to tackle worklessness.“The system has been particularly embraced by smaller companies,” says Rowan. Smaller firms enjoy the opportunity to take on workers to cover small bits of time, minimizing costs and enabling them to cover busy periods. “There is an office supplies company that knows the best time to call potential buyers is between certain times on a Tuesday and Wednesday, so it books staff to cover those times. Then there‟s a T-shirt printing company that books extra staff if they have a big order to fulfill. And the City of London has found that library inquiries are busier during the school holidays, so it takes on staff to cover those periods.”The model works well for small companies, but Slivers now has a number of large household names using its system. Helen Turner, recruitment and development manager for John Lewis in Cambridge, used Slivers-of-Time to cover the extremely busy Christmas period.“Slivers-of-Time”meant we could cover gaps as small as two hours,”Turner says. “Once they were hired they worked various hours across the week, depending on their circumstances. We were able to call on extra resources quickly and theysupported our partners.” She says many of the staff were students, while some were carers, and the flexible model suited both the store and the staff well.Flexible hiring also works well for another household name, Adobe, which uses PR Network‟s associates to support its existing analyst relations team. Timothy Brook, senior manager of analyst relations at Adobe, says: “We were looking for skilled, knowledgeable and motivated individuals who could work without the day-to-day management or direction often required by an agency model, and who could work directly with senior management within Adobe in the UK on a number of projects.”PR Network is in the enviable position of having grown during a recession, but although the downturn has pushed a higher number of people into self-employment, organizations involved in flexible working practices say it can‟t take all the credit.Xenios Thrasyvoulou, founder of People Per Hour (PPH), an online service that allows freelance workers to bid for contracts offered by businesses, says the movement towards extremely flexible working for all skill levels was already under way when the recession took hold.PPH was launched in 2007, and now has 35,000 freelancers registered on its books, and 43,000 businesses, mostly small. Thrasyvoulou says the changes in working practice are “not just a recessionary effect”.“What is happening is a longer-term trend which has been accelerated by the recession, and one that is led by small businesses which are always more creative.”Both the public sector and small businesses in the private sector are moving towards flexible styles of working, according to Andy Lake, editor of the online journal . “In the public sector, more and more contractors are being taken on,” Lake says. “There‟s evidence that things are working in different ways. In the private sector, the biggest growth area is small businesses, which are keen to grow turnover but not personnel.”Even larger firms echo this opinion. As Adobe‟s Brook says: “Due to the uncertain economy, we wanted the ability to …dial up and dial down‟ our commitment based on available budgets and levels of work.” This “flexing up and down” of the workforce may be key to the future of industry, opening doors for more people to pursue extremely flexible styles of working.According to the Confederation of British Business‟s Shape of Business report, published last November, organizations will increasingly “move to a new employment model where the core of permanent staff is smaller and a greater number of freelancers, consultants and temporary workers are used”.All in all, it‟s good news for people hoping for greater control of their work-life balance. “More organizations have adopted flexible working practices as a way of saving jobs during recession,” says Gillian Nissim, founder of .“We hope this will not just be a stop-gap measure to save money but will bring lasting changes to the UK‟s working culture, making it easier for women and men to balance work and family life and giving employers the diverse and committed workforce they need to thrive.”1.Why Blizzard and Imrie considered their former working pattern not suitablefor them after they became mothers?A)They were too busy to work.B) They didn‟t enjoy the work any more.C) They oft en had to work long hours.D) That style of working was too flexible.2. Silvers-of-Time is an online marketplace that ______________________.A) allows users to sell their goods B) brings a bright future for job marketC) provides full-time job vacancies D) offers flexible jobs to freelancers.3. The UK government offered financial assistance to Silvers-of-Time so as to _.A)deal with the economy recession.B) promote flexible working pattern.B)support small private businesses.D) decrease the unemployment rate.4. What‟s the benefit of hiring temporary workers for small companies?A) They can cover the busiest time with minimum cost.B) They can make 24-hour non-stop operation possible.C) They‟ll free full-time employees from overwork.D) They‟ll be able to compete with household names.5. What kind of people are Adobe looking for in PR Network?A) Members in a new professional analyst relations team.B) Those who are willing to work permanently in Adobe.C) Knowledgeable and motivated part-time workers.D) Senior managers who can work on a number of projects.6. PR Network may be envied because ____________.A) It is awarded government fundingB) It cooperates with some household namesC) It has grown even in economic downturn.D) It gets credit for fighting unemployment.7. Xenios Thrasyvoulou , the founder of People Per Hour, believes that___.A) most job hunters in PPH are unskillful freelancers.B) small businesses are the pioneers of flexible working.C) the trend towards flexible working will vanish soon.D) the economy recession is a block to flexible working.8. According to the passage, the key to the future of industry lies in “__________________________________” of the workforce.9. The Confederation of British Business’s Shape of Business report showed that organizations will increase the number of temporary workers while cutting _______________________.10. Gillian Nissim hopes that the flexible working practice would bring_________________ staff to employers.。
fast reading训练英语快速阅读的技巧(ppt课件)
学习交流课件
7
Skimming Exercises
学习交流课件
8
The concept of a national park differs from nation to nation. In Australia, the United States and Japan the land in national parks is government-owned and the management of these parks is decided by government policy. Activities such as housing or industry within the parks are discouraged.
5. Take advantage of typographical印刷上，排字上 details, such bolded-faced words, italicized words, titles and subtitles, footnotes, etc.
6. Pay attention to words and phrases which indicate logical relationship 逻辑关系in the context. (e.g. Adversative conjunctions转折连词 and coordinating conjunctions并列连词)
conclusion that ech学o习e交s流t课h件e introduction)
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4. Use the skill of recognizing types of paragraphs in order to save time when summarizing the main idea efficiently. If the main idea is not summarized in any one sentence, try to detect it from several sentences.
英语专业第一册泛读答案Keys
1-5: bccdb 6-10: cbacc 11-15: ddddb
Home Reading
1-5: cdcbb 6-8:adb
Unit 4 Migratory Birds and Coffee
Text
A: c
B: 1-5: bdcddc 6-10: bdbdc
2. noun/ a tool to cut trees
3. noun/ journeys on or in a vehicle, etc
4. noun/ a small quantity taken by sipping
Fast Reading
1 – 5: ddabc; // 6 – 10 : cbadb // 11 – 15: dbccd
Text
A: d
B: cacad; addbb;
D: badba; bacab; ad
Fast Reading:
Cbbca; ddbcb; cdbad
Home Reading:
Cdcad; ccdd
2. An omniscient narrator who tells a story he knows well/ the narrator doesn’t comment much but tells the beginning of a story objectively
3. A boy who has cheated in a test/ the narrator is analytic, serious about what he has done
Home Reading
1-5: abccd 6-10: cbdbb
英语泛读教程1第3版参考答案
Unit 1Text:A. dB. 1. c 2. d 3. d 4. a 5. d 6. c, 7. a 8. c 9. dC. 1. d 2. b 3. d 4. d 5. a 6. d 7. c 8. b 9. d 10. d Fast Reading:1. c2. d3. b4. c5. c6. d7. a8. c9. d 10. c 11. c 12. c 13. b 14. c 15. dHome Reading:1. d2. b3. b4. c5. c6. b7. a8. b9. d 10.c Unit 2Text:A. dB. 1. b 2. c 3. c 4. d 5. c 6. c, 7. a 8. cC. 1. a 2. d 3. d 4. b 5. a 6. b 7. b 8. b 9. c 10. a Fast Reading:1. b2. d3. d4. a5. c6. c7. d8. b9. c 10. a 11. d 12. d 13. d 14. c 15. dHome Reading：1. c2. d3. d4. c5. c6. d7. d8. d9. d 10. b 11. b 12. aUnit 3Text：A．cB．1．c 2．d 3．b 4．c 5．c 6、d 7．c 8．c 9．b10.d 11，d 12．cC．1．b 2．a 3．a 4．d 5．b 6．a 7．a 8．d 9．a 10．aFast Reading：1．b 2．c 3．c 4．d 5．b 6．c 7．b 8．a 9．c 10．c 11.d 12.d 13.d 14.d 15.bHome Reading：1．c 2．d 3．c 4．b 5．b 6．a 7．d 8．bUnit 4Text：A．cB．1．b 2．d 3．c 4．d 5．c 6．b 7．d 8．b 9．d 10．cC．1．a 2．a 3．b 4．d 5．a 6．d 7．b 8．d 9．c Fast Reading：1．c 2．c 3，d 4．a 5。
阅读理解解读技巧
7、展示评比
Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
心之所愿，无事不成。
The fourth:最后选题细用功。 技巧：仔细斟酌，认真核对。 重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。解完 题后，核对相关理由句；对所做答案进 一步检查，推出未解答的题，减少失误 。
具体的阅读训练方法
情感故事
哲理故事
饮食与健康 日常生活
1、阅读文章分类
学习生活 社会风俗 自然环集材料 4、教师审阅 5、按文章类型粘贴 6、实践操作
The first:一遍快读三分钟。 技巧：找中心句。注意首段首句，尾段 尾句。快速浏览全文，学会扫视首段首 句和尾段尾句，找到中心句，全文大意 便清楚了。抓住五个“W”和一个“H” ，把握Who(人物)、What (事件)、When （时间）、Where（地点）、Why（原因 ）、How（怎样）。 注意此时不要忙于答题。
技巧：勾画问题相关句，初选出答案。
Careful reading: 最后选题细用功
技巧：仔细斟酌，认真核对。
重温一下我们的四步曲吧！
Fast reading: 一遍快读三分钟
Careful reading: 细读题目找不同 Careful reading: 二遍读文勾细节
Careful reading: 最后选题细用功
阅读理解的特点
做题的困惑
词汇多
句子长
生词多
难理解 耗时长
知识全
分值高
做不对
常规阅读方法
Fast reading: 一遍快读三分钟
技巧：找中心句。注意首段首句
Who What When Where Why How
Careful reading: 细读题目找不同
fastreading快速阅读
Fast reading (True or False Questions + Blank Filling)Directions: Read the following passages and then answer the questions. For questions 1-7, choose Y (YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage, choose N (NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage, choose NG (NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Passage OneWho Brings the Beauty to You?Using smart networking and a keen nose for the slight differences of retail, Andrea Jung rises to the top of the world’s biggest direct marketer of women’s products. When she began flirting with department store work after college her parents scoffed. When she started actually taking full-time retail jobs, they gasped, complaining bitterly that she was selling all they had invested in their little girl into the waste heap and lowering herself into the same class as street hawkers(沿街叫卖的小贩) and used-car salesmen.Her parents’ sneers, however, turned into applause when Andrea Jung moved to the top of retailing respectability by becoming President of Avon’s Product Marketing Group for the US (before moving on to become named CEO of all Avon in late 1999). Jung’s list of responsibility is enough to impress even the snootiest (傲慢) of parents. The Chinese-American oversees marketing, advertising and product development of all of the US, supervising 360 employees. On her slender shoulders now rests the responsibility of not only maintaining but growing the company’s $1.6 billion in annual sales. She also sits on the Board of Trustees of the Fashion Institute of Technology and the Board of Directors of the American Management Association.“No one in my family had a retail or marketing background,” says Jung, 41. “They were professionals. They didn’t understand just what I was doing by going into retailing. After I started, though, it got into my blood. I knew this was what I wanted.” This determined style sweeps across the landscape of her personal and professional life. Jung, every morning, takes her five-year daughter to the bus stop, and then walks to her mid-Manhattan office by 8 a.m. And she insists on returning home by 7:30 p.m. for dinner at home with her husband and daughter. Her professional style reflects her directness. She never shies away from seeking advice and aggressively seeking out the cultivated senior women executives to serve as her mentors.Introducing more Avon cosmetics to American women is no easy task. The 108-year-old company sells $4 billion of beauty goods every year around the world. It is the world’s largest producer of mass-market perfumes, makeup and fashion jewelry. Every American woman knows the name and by the time they reach their mid-30s, most have picked the cosmetics brand they will remain loyal to. There are the customers Jung must win over if she is to make a success of her tenure at Avon. Increasing sales in a market saturated (饱和的) with beauty products and savvyconsumers has proven a challenging task even for a giant of Avon’s stature. In 1993, the year before Jung came aboard, the company’s US sales dipped by 1% though sales in all other world markets increased, especially in Asia.The chance to boost US sales thrilled Jung when Avon offered her the job in January of 1994. After successful stints at exclusive retailers like Neiman Marcus and Magnin, she wanted to try her hand in the decidedly less glamorous but far larger mass-market segment. She expanded the number of products offered to long-time customers by introducing a line of lingerie and casual wear. This generated new revenue from an established consumer base. “We tried to be the first to come out with some ideas,” she says as she explains the need to constantly be on the lookout for new products. The next step involved increased advertising. These are all tricks of the marketing trade Jung gained from a 15-year career she had never intended to enter. But she is hardly an accidental success. Jung has been driven to achieve since the day she turned five, when her mother put her in front of the family piano and taught her how to bang out basic chords. “I was still taking piano lessons up until 18 months ago,” Jung says. “And if I had one thing I could add to my very full calendar, it would be that. That’s one of my personal goals because it helps balance all parts of your life and I really get a lot of enjoyment out of playing Mozart and Beethoven.” And Avon’s corporate culture also appealed to Jung. Women form one quarter of the company’s Board of Directors and nearly half of its senior officers. At Avon, Jung points out, there is no glass ceiling to stop her advancement. And how companies treat women has always played a major role in her decision-making. “I’m very selective in the companies I work for,” she says. “I started at Blooming dales because it was committed to developing women. When I went to Magnin in San Francisco, it was to accompany a female CEO, and because there’s a strong Asian population in that city, I never encountered a glass ceiling because of my race.”Even if companies like Avon did not exist, Jung insists she still would have pursued a marketing career. It might mean banging her head against a glass ceiling, but Jung found the dynamics of marketing so seductive that any other career would have seemed dull as a long, flat stretch of desert highway. “I have a love for this business,” she says. “I have to have passion, or frustration would win out. But I love managing people. The product is second to managing people. And marketing to consumers is so challenging because it is evolving constantly.” While elasticity(弹性) spawns innovation, creativity and other qualities that generate exciting business, Jung believes routine promotes a successful home life. And like most corporate officers, she has learned to allot portions of the day to her family. Otherwise, she says, she would be swallowed by her career.1. After Andrea Jung came into college, she began taking full-time retail jobs which were supported by her parents.2. Every morning, Jung takes her five-year-old daughter to her office in mid-Manhattan by 8 a.m., and in the afternoon they often walk home.3. From the passage, we can clearly see that women play an important role in the companies of Avon and Magnin in San Francisco.4. In 1992, Jung went abroad to run her business with her husband and daughter in America.5. It was not long before she expanded the number of products offered to long-time customers by introducing a line of lingerie and casual wear.6. When Jung was only five years old, she began to learn piano lessons which she enjoyed very much and benefited a lot from.7. As a successful business woman, Jung knows well how to reasonably arrange everything that matters to her life.8. Jung, every morning, takes her five-year-old daughter to the bus stop, and then walks to her _______.9. By the time the American women reach their mid-30s, most have picked the cosmetics brand _____.10. Trying to be the first to come out with some ideas and increased advertising are all tricks of the marketing trade Jung gained ______ she had never intended to enter. Key:1.N2.N3.Y4.NG 5Y 6Y 7Y 8. mid-Manhattan office 9. they will remain loyal to 10. from a 15-year career。
fast reading的好处
fast reading的好处
快速阅读是一种有效的阅读技巧，它不仅可以节省时间，还可以
加快理解和记忆，提高阅读效率。
本文将从不同角度探讨快速阅读的
好处。
一、节省时间
快速阅读可以帮助我们在较短的时间内阅读更多的文本。
传统的阅读
方式需要逐字逐句地阅读，浪费了大量的时间。
而快速阅读利用了人
类大脑的视觉和语言处理能力，通过快速扫视文本，快速捕捉信息，
从而节省了大量的时间。
二、加强记忆
快速阅读不仅节省时间，还可以增强记忆力。
通过快速扫视和快速捕
捉信息，我们可以更快地理解内容，刺激记忆区域，从而提高记忆效率。
快速阅读能够让我们更全面地了解文本，对于需要长时间阅读的
资料也能够保持持久的记忆。
三、提高理解能力
快速阅读可以提高我们的理解能力。
当我们以较快的速度阅读文本时，我们的大脑需要更加努力地处理信息，包括语言处理、记忆、集中注
意力等，这些都能促进我们的理解能力的提高。
四、降低阅读焦虑
传统的阅读方式需要逐字逐句地阅读，这种方式容易导致阅读焦虑，
影响我们的阅读效率。
而快速阅读更加灵活和高效，我们在阅读时可
以快速捕捉信息，且不必过分在意每个细节，这可以降低我们的阅读
焦虑，提高我们的阅读体验。
总之，快速阅读是一种全新的阅读方式，它不仅可以节省时间，
还可以增强记忆、提高理解能力和降低阅读焦虑。
因此，学习快速阅
读技巧，对于我们提高阅读效率和提高学习质量都有很大的帮助。
Fast Reading复习过程
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查读的特点 • 查读既要求速度又要求准确性，带有明确的目的性。
因此可以把整段整段的文字直接映入大脑不必字字过 目，视线在印刷材料上掠过时, 一旦发现有关内容， 就要稍作停留,将它记住或摘下; • 查读与略读不同。略读时读者事先对材料一无所知, 而查读则是在读者对材料有所了解的情况下进行的。
1. 略读(Skimming) • 又称跳读(reading and skipping)或浏览(dancing),
是一种非常实用的快速阅 读技能,其目的是以尽可能快 的速度了解文章的大意和主题思想,并对文章的结构有 个总的概念 • 例如 : 浏览报纸；书籍的目录
9
略读可以运用下列技巧:
1) 要利用印刷细节 (typographical details), 如书或文章的标 题、副标题、小标题、斜体词、黑体词、脚注、标点符号等,对 书和文章进行预测略读 (preview skimming)。预测略读要了 解作者的思路、行文方式(模式), 以便把握大意、相关细节及其 相互关系。
三种基本句型 ·主+系动词+表语 ·谓+主+状,即There be句型 ·主+谓+宾+状
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2. 快速阅读答题技巧
英语泛读教程1第3版参考答案
英语泛读教程1第3版参考答案Unit 1Text:A. dB. 1. c 2. d 3. d 4. a 5. d 6. c, 7. a 8. c 9. dC. 1. d 2. b 3. d 4. d 5. a 6. d 7. c 8. b 9. d 10. d Fast Reading:1. c2. d3. b4. c5. c6. d7. a8. c9. d 10. c 11. c 12. c 13. b 14. c 15. dHome Reading:1. d2. b3. b4. c5. c6. b7. a8. b9. d 10.c Unit 2Text:A. dB. 1. b 2. c 3. c 4. d 5. c 6. c, 7. a 8. cC. 1. a 2. d 3. d 4. b 5. a 6. b 7. b 8. b 9. c 10. a Fast Reading:1. b2. d3. d4. a7. d8. b9. c 10. a 11. d 12. d 13. d 14. c 15. dHome Reading：1. c2. d3. d4. c5. c6. d7. d8. d9. d 10. b 11. b 12. aUnit 3Text：A．cB．1．c 2．d 3．b 4．c 5．c 6、d 7．c 8．c 9．b10.d 11，d 12．cC．1．b 2．a 3．a 4．d 5．b 6．a 7．a 8．d 9．a 10．aFast Reading：1．b 2．c 3．c 4．d 5．b 6．c 7．b 8．a 9．c 10．c 11.d 12.d 13.d 14.d 15.b Home Reading：1．c 2．d 3．c 4．b 5．b 6．a 7．d 8．bUnit 4Text：A．cB．1．b 2．d 3．c 4．d 5．c 6．b 7．d 8．b 9．d 10．cC．1．a 2．a 3．b 4．d 5．a 6．d 7．b 8．d 9．c Fast Reading：1．c 2．c 3，d 4．a 5。
fastreading学生预想行为
fastreading学生预想行为
学生在参与fastreading活动时可能会表现出以下预想行为：
1. 集中注意力：学生会尽力集中精力，以便能够快速读完给定的文本或文章。
他们可能会关闭任何可能分散注意力的噪音源或干扰源。
2. 快速翻阅：学生可能会快速翻阅文本，只关注关键词、主题句和重要信息，而忽略不重要的细节。
3. 提前计划：学生可能会制定阅读计划，例如根据时间要求和页数，来决定每分钟需要读的页数或段落数。
4. 边读边写：学生可能会边读边写摘要或记录重要观点，以便能够更好地理解和记忆文本内容。
5. 背景调整：学生可能会调整自己的学习环境，例如选择安静的地方、调整座位等，以便更好地专注于阅读任务。
6. 与他人合作：学生可能会选择与同学一起进行fastreading活动，以便能够相互激励和提供帮助，同时分享阅读技巧和经验。
总体而言，fastreading对学生来说需要快速而专注的阅读能力，同时也需要他
们有合理的计划和摘要写作能力。
强调阅读效率和速度的fastreading活动可能会推动学生去尝试更高水平的阅读技巧和策略，提高他们的阅读理解和信息处理能力。
Fast reading
5. normal: adj. ordinary or usual; the same as would be expected: 正常的；常态的； n. 正规, 常态，正常
一张票的正常价格是230英镑。
The normal price of a ticket is $230!
在解放军的帮助下,一切都已经恢复了正常.
Fast reading
1)Go through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions in part A on Page42. 2) Finish part C1 on page 44
2. in口人,包括我在内.
There are five members in my family, including me/me included.
3. interfere: vi. to prevent something from working effectively or from developing successfully: 干扰,干涉
他在为期末考试作准备,不要打扰他。
Don't interfere with him. He's preparing for the final exams.
4. on one’s /the way to (doing) sth. 正在做某事的过程中
他离成为一个导演不远了。
He is on his way to becoming a director.
Scientist: Yes. Cloning is producing an exact copy of a plant or an animal using its cells. You are very familiar with the cloned sheep Dolly. general In (6)_______ , the wonderful scientific breakthrough (7)__________ was praised. Student: Can you give me more examples about the uses of cloning humans?
英语四级fastreading技巧
第三步：分解对应，四项对比 找到题目在文章中的出处后，将题干的句子进行 简单的成分划分，然后将句子的主谓宾各个部分与 原文对应，判断Y、N、NG 第四步：分解问题，填写准确 对于填空题，先看所缺的句子成分，然后根据小 标题或者题眼找到原文。尽量照抄原文，但要抄得 恰到好处，抄得简练，也就是说，题干问什么或缺 什么，就抄什么，其余不相干内容不要抄上，保证 所填内容的准确性
如果题目中所表述的内容与原文明显不符、 矛盾或相反，可判断为N 确定为N的情况：（1）题目中的信息与原文 内容相反 （2）题目将原文的意思张冠李戴 （3）将原文中的不确答题技巧七：两段判定（判断NG最好方法）
在四级快速阅读中，如果上一题已经确定了 在原文中的位置，读过两段后仍无下一题所 需信息，则可以判定该题为NG，而不用通读 全文。
改变坏习惯：有些考生的阅读习惯很糟糕，比如 lip reading和Pointing reading。阅读时即使不出声 但嘴巴在动，属于lip reading，还有的考生必须用 笔或手指帮助阅读，也就是pointing reading。这 比用眼睛看要花费更多时间，阅读习惯直接影响 阅读速度。正确的习惯是eye moving，且不是一 个单词一个单词地看，而是一组一组地看，以 “sense group”意群为单位阅读文章。在做题看选 项时，要认真看、准确把握题干中的信号词，以 便在文章中准确找到相关信息。
答题技巧二：显性信息
查读的信息通常是显性信息，只要将问题 在原文中进行准确定位就能得到正确答案， 一般不需要做推理。
答题技巧三：题文同序
大学英语四级考试的快速阅读部分，问题顺 序与原文顺序一致（有时判断题和填空题交 汇处顺序不一致），这就要求考生应该按照 题目的顺序依次做题。对于所有的四级快速 阅读文章这个技巧都适用，在此就不做特别 举例
fast reading 快速阅读(课堂PPT)
10
技能训练
1. 集中注意力； 2. 略读； 3. 寻读； 4. 猜测词义。
11
集中注意力——方法一
12
集中注意力——方法二
• 数数字：准备好钟表 1. 顺跳数
从数字2开始数，每次增加2，数到300。 2、4、6、8……298、300。 结果评定：
have some sound reasons for breaking the bed-
making habit. In the first place, I am not concerned
about maintaining a tidy bedroom because no one
except me ever ventures in there. If there is ever a fire
1. 文字信息对眼睛产生光学刺激之后所产生的 整体文字图像，直接传送到右脑以图像的形 式记忆住；
2. 大脑将文字图像解析出来。
• 速读这种“眼脑直映”式的阅读的方法省略 了语言中枢和听觉中枢这两个可有可无的中 间环节，即文字信号直接映入大脑记忆中枢 进行理解和记忆。这实际上是一种单纯运用 视觉的阅读方式。所以说“眼脑直映”式的 快速阅读，才是真正的“看书”。
• 采用1-2篇较长篇幅的文章或多篇短文，总长 度约为1000词；
• 要求考生在15分钟内完成10道题目； 7选择+3填空 7判断+3填空
• 命题顺序基本与文章顺序保持一致； • 命题以细节题为主，基本从原文可直接找到
答案。
9
解题步骤
1. 浏览全文 （略读） 大标题、副标题、段落标题、各段首尾句
2. 读题目，确定关键词 （仔细阅读） 明显：数字，专有名词，特殊标点； 不明显：题干中核心的名词、动词等。
fast reading
Passage 3 12. A. 可能spencer参与发明，又把它作为另外的用 途。它的第一类用途是军事，第二类用途是民用 Passage 4 25. 绝对否定 26. Critic say 批评家指出 28. 首先学生多
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
3.划出题目的中心词，不能直接在原文中定位的 题目 它的答案有两种可能性： Yes 符合文章首段论点句及末段总结句 Not give 在各段的首句都没有提到题目的状态 （1）常规定位词 句子主语、专有名词、人名、地名、时间、金钱 符号、百分比、数字、温度、密度、特殊印刷体 及特殊标点符号 （2） 句意关键词 （3）语法结构词
6. 如果题目中有时间、数字、百分比、金钱符号、气温、密度都 只考察其数字精确程度而不涉及范围大小 7. 在真实考试中不涉及情态动词比较(maybe&must) 8.在真实考试中的范围题只涉及3个考点（1）all（2）most（3） only 9. 凡是在题目中有条件限定的（条件状语从句）表明条件的介词 短语及形容词短语，都只考察去除条件后的题目状态 10.在真实考试中不涉及usually、always、often等词的原文题目 比较 (1) in majority of cases=mostly (2) in the few cases=偶尔 (3) in much the same way=just like或者是 the same as
Fast reading(1)
1.正式考试中，所有题目的单词都是四级词汇，专有名 词除外 2. 每一道题都有考点词(H)和定位词(F/L)。 Passage 1 17. people =employees 18. unstrutured=open-structured Litter better than---第一层次对等比较词 Controversial: 有争议的 20. Graphology: 笔记学 19. Positive: 正面的，积极的 Negative: 负面的，消极的 Trend:趋势，时尚
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afterword adv后来的paw vt.抓,扒;亲昵地抚摸vi.用爪子抓;翻找n.爪子;手Bilingual(be～in) adj双语的receptionist n.接待员bill n.账单role n.任务,职责,职务,本分male adj.男性的;雄性的;有力的n.男人;雄性动物inherent adj.固有的,天生的by far 到目前为止profound adj.深刻的,意义深远的,渊博的,造诣深的speechless adj.(尤指气得或惊讶得)说不出话来female adj. 女性的；雌性的；柔弱的，柔和的n.女人;雌性动物polarity n.[物]极性;两极;对立rage n.愤怒;狂暴,肆虐;情绪激动vi.大怒,发怒;流行,风行magnet n.磁铁；[电磁] 磁体；磁石breadowner 经济提供者consequence n.结局,结果donator n. 捐赠者disproportionate adj,不成比例的,不均衡的merit n.优点，价值，功绩lessen vt.缩小,减小current adj.现在的；流通的，通用的；最近的；草写的n.（水，气，电）流；趋势；涌流passion n. 激情；热情；酷爱；盛怒merits n. 优点（merit的复数）；功绩；是非曲直merit n.优点，价值；功绩；功过vt.值得vi. 应受报答duty n.责任；[税收]关税；职务marathon n. 马拉松赛跑；耐力的考验adj. 马拉松式的；有耐力的vi. 参加马拉松赛跑concentrate vi. 集中；浓缩；全神贯注；聚集vt. 集中；浓缩n. 浓缩，精选；浓缩液desirable adj.令人满意的；值得要的n.合意的人或事物pupil n.学生；[解剖]瞳孔；未成年人extent n. 程度；范围；长度achievement n. 成就；完成；达到superstition n. 迷信layer n. 层，阶层；地层vt. 用压条法培植；把...堆积成层vi. 借助压条法生根繁殖Factor n.因素；要素；[物]因数；代理人vi.做代理商vt.把…作为因素计入；代理经营;把…分解成institution n.制度;建立;(社会或宗教等)公共机构;习俗n.社会事业机构fortunately adv.幸运地standard n.标准;水准;旗;度量衡标准adj.标准的;合规格的;公认为优秀的firecrackers n.鞭炮moral adj.道德的;精神上的;品性端正的n.道德;寓意somewhat n.几分;某物adv.有点;多少;几分;稍微fellow n.家伙;朋友;同事;会员adj.同伴的,同事的;同道的vt.使…与另一个对等;使…与另一个匹敌emphasis n.重点;强调;加强语气;着力;(轮廓等的)突出明显sensitivity n. 敏感；敏感性；过敏academic adj.学术的;理论的;学院的n.大学生,大学教师;学者political adj.政治的;党派的lessen vt. 使…变小；使…减轻；使…变少vi. 减少；减轻；变小chemistry n. 化学；化学过程profession n. 职业，专业；声明，宣布，表白(教授professor teach instruct lecture on)exclusive adj. 独有的；排外的；专一的n. 独家新闻；独家经营的项目；排外者exclusively adv. 唯一地；专有地；排外地restore vt. 恢复；修复；归还vi. 恢复；还原rare adj.稀有的;半熟的;稀薄的adv. 非常；极其vi.用后腿站起;渴望band n. 带，环；波段keen adj.敏锐的,敏捷的;渴望的;强烈的;热心的;锐利的n.痛哭,挽歌stag party 男子婚前聚会stock n.股份,股票;库存;血统;树干adj.存货的,常备的;平凡的vt.进货;备有;装把手于…vi. 囤积;办货；出新芽grade n.年级；等级；成绩；级别；阶段vt. 评分；把…分等级vi. 分等级；逐渐变化external adj. 外部的；表面的；[药] 外用的；外国的；外面的n. 外部；外观；外面veil n.面纱internal adj.内部的;内在的;国内的infer vt.推断;推论vi.推断;作出推论stretch vt.伸展,张开offset n.抵消,补偿;平版印刷;支管vt.抵消;弥补;用平版印刷术印刷vi.装支管newly-wed n.新婚着organ n.[生物]器官;机构;风琴;管风琴;嗓音a bridal shower 女子新婚前的送礼会bouquet n.花束tissue n.纸巾;薄纱;一套;(人、动植物的)组织vt.饰以薄纱;用化妆纸揩去champagne n.香槟酒rest vt.使休息,使轻松;把…寄托于n.休息,静止;休息时间;剩余部分;支架vi.休息;静止;依赖;安置restful adj.宁静的;安静的;给人休息的battle n.战役;斗争vi.斗争;作战vt.与…作战remain vi.保持;依然;留下;剩余;逗留;残存n.遗迹;剩余物,残骸exist vi.存在;生存;生活;继续存在wrap vt.包;缠绕;隐藏;掩护vi.包起来;缠绕;穿外衣n.外套;围巾pacific adj.和平的;温和的;平静的wrapped adj.有包装的v.包裹;覆盖（wrap的过去分词）cloak n.斗蓬;宽大外衣;托词vt.遮掩;隐匿commend vt.推荐；称赞；把…委托vi.称赞；表扬normally adv.正常地;通常地,一般地command vi.命令，指挥；控制vt.命令，指挥；控制；远望n.指挥，控制；命令；司令部attack n. 攻击；抨击；疾病发作vt. 攻击；抨击；动手干vi. 攻击；腐蚀ocean n.海洋;大量;广阔attract vt.吸引;引起vi.吸引;有吸引力groom vt.整饰;推荐;喂马n.新郎；马夫；男仆vi.打扮limb n. 肢,臂;分支;枝干vt. 切断…的手足；从…上截下树枝limbs n.[解剖]四肢（limb的复数）march n.行军,进军;进行曲;示威游行vi.进军;走过vt.迫使……前进create vt.创造,创作;造成period n.周期,期间;时期;月经;课时;（语法学）句点,句号congress n.国会;代表大会;会议;社交engage vt. 吸引，占用；使参加；雇佣；使订婚；预定vi. 从事；答应，保证；交战；啮合engagement n. 婚约；约会；交战；诺言route vt. 按某路线发送n.路线；航线；通道parties n.当事人;党派;聚会;政党机关;同行者（party的复数）exploration n.探测;探究;踏勘stage n. 阶段；舞台；戏剧；驿站vt. 举行；上演；筹划vi. 举行；适于上演；乘驿车旅行stag n. 牡鹿；不带女伴的舞客；阉割过的雄鹿adj. 全是男人的vi. 不带女伴参加晚会sail vi. 航行；启航，开船n. 帆，篷；航行vt. 航行ship vt.运送,乘船;以船运送vi.上船;乘船旅行;当船员n.船;舰;太空船tribe n.部落;族;宗族;一伙upstream adv.逆流地;向上游adj.向上游的;逆流而上的n.上游部门contestant n. 竞争者；争辩者progress n. 进步，发展；前进vi. 前进，进步；进行mayor n. 市长frozen adj.冻结的;冷酷的v.结冰(freeze的过去分词);凝固;变得刻板fur n.皮，皮子;毛皮;软毛fort n.堡垒；要塞;(美)边界贸易站vt. 设要塞保卫vi. 构筑要塞universe n.宇宙;世界;领域trader n. 交易者；商人；商船guide n. 指南；向导；入门书vt. 引导；带领；操纵vi. 担任向导chalk vt.用粉笔写;用白垩粉擦;记录;规划n.粉笔;白垩;用粉笔划的记号adj.用粉笔写的vi.变成白垩状present vt. 提出；介绍；呈现；赠送vi. 举枪瞄准adj. 现在的;出席的n. 现在;礼物；瞄准ancient adj.古代的;古老的,过时的;年老的n.古代人;老人(accident n.事故;意外;[法]意外事件;机遇）respect n. 尊敬，尊重；方面；敬意vt. 尊敬，尊重；遵守servant n.仆人,佣人;公务员;雇工church n.教堂;礼拜;教派adj.教会的;礼拜的vt.领…到教堂接受宗教仪式miss vt.漏掉;错过;想念honor n.荣誉;信用;头衔vt.尊敬(=honour);给…以荣誉establish vt.建立;创办;安置vi.植物定植movement n. 运动；活动；运转；乐章anniversary n. 周年纪念日politician n. 政治家，政客minister n.部长;大臣;牧师vi.执行牧师职务;辅助或伺候某人(minority n.少数民族;少数派;未成年adj.少数的;属于少数派的)Latin adj.拉丁语的；拉丁人的n.拉丁语;拉丁人honor n. 荣誉；信用；头衔vt. 尊敬（等于honour）；给…以荣誉runway n. 跑道；河床；滑道honored adj.受尊敬的;已承兑或付款的contest vt.争辩;提出质疑vi.竞争;争辩n.竞赛;争夺;争论period n. 周期，期间；时期；月经；课时；（语法学）句点，句号district n. 区域；地方；行政区sponsor n.赞助者；主办者；保证人vt.赞助;发起Christianity n.基督教;基督教精神，基督教教义spread vi. 传播；伸展vt. 传播，散布；展开；伸展；铺开n. 传播；伸展adj. 伸展的throughout adv.自始至终,到处;全部prep.贯穿,遍及prize n. 奖品；奖赏；战利品vt. 珍视；捕获；估价adj. 获奖的display n. 显示；炫耀vt. 显示；表现；陈列vi. [动] 作炫耀行为adj. 展览的；陈列用的appreciation n. 欣赏，鉴别；增值；感谢museum n. 博物馆protest vi. 抗议；断言vt. 抗议；断言n. 抗议adj. 表示抗议的；抗议性的fine adj. 好的；优良的；细小的，精美的；健康的；晴朗的n. 罚款vt. 罚款；澄清adv. 很好地；精巧地professor n. 教授；教师；公开表示信仰的人dentist n. 牙科医生demand vt. 要求；需要；查询vi. 需要；请求；查问n. [经] 需求；要求；需要guidance n. 指导，引导；领导establish vt. 建立；创办；安置vi. 植物定植indeed adv. 的确；实在；真正地；甚至int. 真的（表示惊讶、怀疑、讽刺等）adapt vt. 使适应；改编vi. 适应realty n. 房地产；不动产relevant adj. 有关的；中肯的；有重大作用的liberal adj. 自由主义的；慷慨的；不拘泥的；宽大的n. 自由主义者neglect vt. 疏忽，忽视；忽略n. 疏忽，忽视；怠慢field n. 领域；牧场；旷野；战场；运动场vi. 担任场外队员adj. 扫描场；田赛的；野生的vt. 把暴晒于场上；使上场Victorian adj.维多利亚女王时代的；英国维多利亚女王时代的n.维多利亚时代；维多利亚女王时代的人force n. 力量；武力；军队；魄力vt. 促使，推动；强迫；强加grammar n. 语法；语法书taught v. 教授（teach的过去分词）reality n. 现实；实际；真实nursing n. 护理；看护；养育v. 看护；养育（nurse的ing形式）available adj.可用到的,可利用的,有用的,有空的,接受探访的employment n. 使用；职业；雇用improved adj.改良的；改进过的v.改进;增加（improve的过去式和过去分词）；变得更好greet vt. 欢迎，迎接；致敬，致意；映入眼帘offer vt. 提供；出价；试图distant adj. 遥远的；冷漠的；远隔的former adj. 从前的，前者的；前任的n. 模型，样板；起形成作用的人complain vi. 投诉；发牢骚；诉说vt. 抱怨；控诉解释explain account for make clear Interpretation deciphercasual adj. 随便的；非正式的；临时的；偶然的n. 便装；临时工人；待命士兵acquaintance n. 熟人；相识；了解；知道companion n. 同伴；朋友；指南；手册vt. 陪伴share vt. 分享，分担；分配vi. 共享；分担n. 份额；股份chat vi. 聊天；闲谈vt. 与…搭讪；与…攀谈n. 聊天；闲谈avoid vt. 避免；避开，躲避；消除narrow adj. 狭窄的，有限的；勉强的；精密的；度量小的n. 海峡；狭窄部分，隘路vt. 使变狭窄vi. 变窄deeper adj. 更深general adj. 一般的，普通的；综合的；大体的n. 一般；将军，上将；常规sense n. 感觉，官能；观念；道理；理智vt. 感觉到；检测religion n. 宗教；宗教信仰brave adj. 勇敢的；华丽的vt. 勇敢地面对n. 勇士immigrants n. 移民（immigrant的复数）bright adj. 明亮的，鲜明的；聪明的；愉快的adv. 明亮地；光明地；欢快地n. 车头灯光mad adj. 疯狂的；发疯的；愚蠢的；着迷的n. 狂怒ambitious adj. 野心勃勃的；有雄心的；热望的；炫耀的weakness n. 弱点；软弱；嗜好struggling adj. 奋斗的；努力的；苦斗的v. 努力；斗争；竞争（struggle的ing形式）Jewish adj. 犹太人的；犹太族的polish n. 磨光,擦亮;上光剂,擦亮剂;优雅,精良vi.擦亮，变光滑vt.磨光,使发亮adj.波兰的Atlantic n. 大西洋adj. 大西洋的stone n. 石头；结石；[宝] 宝石adj. 石的，石制的vt. 向扔石块；用石头铺fort n. 堡垒；要塞；（美）边界贸易站vt. 设要塞保卫vi. 构筑要塞castle n. 城堡；象棋中的车vt. 置…于城堡中；筑城堡防御garden n. 花园；菜园vt. 栽培花木vi. 从事园艺；在园中种植impatient adj. 焦躁的；不耐心的complex adj. 复杂的；合成的n. 复合体；综合设施structure n. 结构；构造；建筑物vt. 组织；构成；建造port n. 港口，口岸；（计算机的）端口；左舷；舱门vi. 转向左舷vt. 持（枪）；左转舵connect vt. 连接；联合；关连vi. 连接，连结；联合specific adj. 特殊的，特定的；明确的；详细的；[药] 具有特效的n. 特性；细节；特效药mainland n. 大陆；本土adj. 大陆的；本土的migration n. 迁移；移民；移动caribbean adj. 加勒比海的；加勒比人的；加勒比语的n. 加勒比海violence n. 暴力；侵犯；激烈；歪曲permanent adj. 永久的，永恒的；不变的n. 烫发（等于permanent wave）part n. 部分；角色；零件vt. 分离；分配；分开vi. 断裂；分手adv. 部分地adj. 部分的variety n. 多样；种类；杂耍past n. 过去；往事adj. 过去的；结束的prep. 越过；晚于adv. 过；经过present vt. 提出;介绍;呈现;赠送vi. 举枪瞄准adj. 现在的；出席的n. 现在；礼物；瞄准mostly adv. 主要地；通常；多半地explanation n. 说明，解释；辩解evolution n. 演变；进化论；进展creature n. 动物，生物；人；创造物survive vt. 幸存；生还；幸免于；比...活得长vi. 幸存；活下来ship vt. 运送，乘船；以船运送vi. 上船；乘船旅行；当船员n. 船；舰；太空船biology n. （一个地区全部的）生物；生物学observation n. 观察；监视；观察报告beagle ['biɡl] n. （一种猎兔用）小猎犬；密探；警官vi. 打探消息；由小猎犬指引追猎wonder n. 惊奇；奇迹；惊愕vi. 怀疑；想知道；惊讶vt. 怀疑；惊奇；对…感到惊讶adj. 奇妙的；非凡的tortoise n. 龟，[脊椎] 乌龟（等于testudo）；迟缓的人iguana n.鬣蜥蜴voyage n. 航行；航程；旅行记vi. 航行；航海vt. 飞过；渡过though adv. 可是，虽然；不过；然而conj. 虽然；尽管prep. 但remain vi. 保持；依然；留下；剩余；逗留；残存n. 遗迹；剩余物，残骸publish vt. 出版；发表；公布vi. 出版；发行；刊印combined adj. 结合的；[数] 组合的v. 使结合；联合（combine的过去分词）origin n. 起源；原点；出身；开species n. [生物] 物种；种类adj. 物种上的abstract n. 摘要；抽象；抽象的概念adj. 抽象的；深奥的vt. 摘要；提取；使……抽象化vi. 做摘要；写梗概print n. 印刷业；印花布；印刷字体；印章；印记vt. 印刷；打印；刊载；用印刷体写；在…印花样vi. 印刷；出版；用印刷体写source n. 来源；水源；原始资料controversy n. 争论；论战；辩论mental adj. 精神的；脑力的；疯的n. 精神病患者psychologist n. 心理学家，心理学者intellectual adj. 智力的；聪明的；理智的n. 知识分子；凭理智做事者concentration n. 浓度；集中；浓缩；专心；集合attention n. 注意力；关心；立正！（口令）industrialist n. 实业家；工业家；产业工人Florence n. 佛罗伦萨（意大利都市名）；弗洛伦斯（女子名）appears v. 出现；呈现；看上去好像（appear的三单形式）drawn adj. 拔出的v. 画，绘图（draw的过去分词）toward prep. 向；对于；为了；接近adj. 即将来到的，进行中的victory n. 胜利；成功；克服drift n. 漂流，漂移；趋势；漂流物vi. 漂流，漂移；漂泊vt. 使…漂流；使…受风吹积purposeful adj. 有目的的；有决心的shape n.形状；模型；身材；具体化vt.形成；塑造，使成形；使符合vi.形成；成形；成长permit vi. 许可；允许vt. 许可；允许n. 许可证，执照replacement n. 更换；复位；代替者；补充兵员desire n. 欲望；要求，心愿；性欲vt. 想要；要求；希望得到…vi. 渴望combination n. 结合；组合；联合；[化学] 化合excitement n. 兴奋；刺激；令人兴奋的事物function n. 功能；[数] 函数；职责；盛大的集会vi. 运行；活动；行使职责ford n. 浅滩vi. 涉水而过vt. 涉过；徒涉mechanics n. 力学（用作单数）；结构；技术；机械学（用作单数）mechanic n. 技工，机修工adj. 手工的invent vt. 发明；创造；虚构cab n. 驾驶室；出租汽车；出租马车vi. 乘出租马车（或汽车）motto n. 座右铭，格言；箴言motor n. 发动机，马达；汽车adj. 汽车的；机动的vi. 乘汽车vt. 以汽车载运declared adj. 公然的；公开宣布的engine n. 引擎，发动机；机车，火车头；工具basin n. 水池；流域；盆地；盆effectively adv. 有效地，生效地；有力地；实际上assembly n. 装配；集会，集合single adj. 单一的；单身的；单程的n.一个；单打；单程票vt. 选出vi. 击出一垒安打industry n. 产业；工业；勤勉experiment vi. 尝试；进行实验n. 实验，试验；尝试creation n. 创造，创作；创作物，产物average n. 平均；平均数；海损adj. 平均的；普通的vt. 算出…的平均数；将…平均分配；使…平vi. 平均为；呈中间色workshop n. 车间；研讨会；工场；讲习班matter n. 物质；原因；事件vi. 有关系；要紧decorator n. 装饰者；室内装潢师repairs [rɪ'pɛr] n. 修理；[会计] 修理费；备件；修理工作（repair的复数形式）v. 修理；恢复（repair的三单形式）；弥补；纠正spread vi. 传播；伸展vt. 传播，散布；展开；伸展；铺开n. 传播；伸展adj. 伸展的hammer vi. 锤击；敲打；重复n. 铁锤；链球；[解剖] 锤骨；音锤vt. 锤击；锤打detail n. 细节，详情vt. 详述；选派vi. 画详图complete adj. 完整的；完全的；彻底的vt. 完成stand vi. 站立；位于；停滞vt. 使站立；忍受；抵抗n. 站立；立场；看台；停止stands n.看台；架子;货摊（stand的复数）v.位于（stand的第三人称单数）；站立；忍受nerves n. 神经；神经紧张；胆量（nerve的复数）v. 使振作；鼓足勇气（nerve的第三人称单数）keyboard n. 键盘vt. 键入;用键盘式排字机排字vi. 用键盘进行操作;作键盘式排字机排字display n. 显示；炫耀vt. 显示；表现；陈列vi. [动] 作炫耀行为adj. 展览的；陈列用的secondary adj. 第二的；中等的；次要的；中级的n. 副手；代理人processor n. [计] 处理器；处理程序；加工者occupy vt. 占据，占领；居住；使忙碌Idaho n. 爱达荷wonders n. 奇观（wonder复数）v. 惊奇；对…感到好奇（wonder的第三人称单数）geyser n. 喷泉；[水文] 间歇泉；（英）烧水锅炉stream n. 溪流；流动；潮流；光线vi. 流；涌进；飘扬vt. 流出；涌出；使飘动camper n. 露营者，野营者gallon n. 加仑（容量单位）canyon n. 峡谷deer n. 鹿sheep n. 羊，绵羊；胆小鬼rent n. 租金vt. 出租；租用；租借vi. 租；出租cabin n. 小屋；客舱；船舱vt. 把…关在小屋里vi. 住在小屋里tent n. 帐篷；住处；帷幕vt. 用帐篷遮盖；使在帐篷里住宿vi. 住帐蓬；暂时居住camera n. 照相机；摄影机binocular adj. [生物] 双眼的；双目并用的n. 双筒望远镜photograph vt. 为…拍照；使深深印入vi. 拍照；在照片上显得n. 照片，相片vacation n. 假期；（房屋）搬出vi. 休假，度假fear n. 害怕；恐惧；敬畏；担心vt. 害怕；敬畏；为…担心vi. 害怕；敬畏；为…担心formation n. 形成；构造；编队outline n. 轮廓；大纲；概要；略图vt. 概述；略述；描画…轮廓description n. 描述，描写；类型；说明书brick n. 砖，砖块；砖形物；心肠好的vt. 用砖砌adj. 用砖做的；似砖的spot n. 地点；斑点vt. 认出；弄脏；用灯光照射vi. 沾上污渍；满是斑点adj. 现场的；现货买卖的adv. 准确地；恰好seize vt. 抓住；夺取；理解；逮捕vi. 抓住；利用；（机器）卡住begged vt. 请求，乞求；退求rolled adj. 轧制的；滚制的v. 使…转动；摇摆（roll的过去分词和过去式）handkerchief n. 手帕；头巾，围巾wipe vt. 擦；消除；涂上vi. 擦；打n. 擦拭；用力打wound n. 创伤，伤口vt. 使受伤vi. 受伤，伤害bless vt. 祝福；保佑；赞美sidewalk n. 人行道whisper n. 私语；谣传；飒飒的声音vi. 耳语；密谈；飒飒地响vt. 低声说出soul n. 灵魂；心灵；精神；鬼魂adj. 美国黑人文化的pardon n. 原谅；赦免；宽恕vt. 原谅；赦免；宽恕fairly adv. 相当地；公平地；简直watchful adj. 注意的；警惕的；警醒的rebellious adj. 反抗的；造反的；难控制的irritate vt. 刺激，使兴奋；激怒vi. 引起恼怒，引起不愉快repay vi. 偿还；报答；报复vt. 回报；报复；付还evil adj. 邪恶的；不幸的；有害的；讨厌的n. 罪恶，邪恶；不幸murder vt. 谋杀，凶杀n. 谋杀，凶杀vi. 杀人，犯杀人罪admit vt. 承认；准许进入；可容纳vi. 承认；容许root n. 根；根源；词根；祖先vi. 生根；根除vt. 生根，固定；根源在于toy n. 玩具；小装饰品；不值钱的东西vi. 玩弄；调情；随随便便地对待adj. 作为玩具的；玩物似的weapon n. 武器，兵器permit vi. 许可；允许vt. 许可；允许n. 许可证，执照mail n. 邮件；邮政，邮递；盔甲vt. 邮寄；给…穿盔甲vi. 邮寄；寄出defense n. 防卫，防护；防御措施；防守ancestor n. 始祖，祖先；被继承人criminal n. 罪犯adj. 刑事的；犯罪的；罪恶的gangster n. 歹徒，流氓；恶棍ownership n. 所有权；物主身份constitution n. 宪法；体质；章程；构造chains n. 链条（chain的复数）；枷锁；联营企业；缝条v. 束缚（chain的三单形式）；用链条系住Peepholes n.观察孔spring n. 春天；弹簧；泉水；活力；跳跃adj. 春天的vi. 生长；涌出；跃出；裂开vt. 使跳起；使爆炸；突然提出；使弹开endanger vt. 危及；使遭到危险mentions n.提及，说起;传令嘉奖,通报表扬;提名表扬vt.提到,说起;传令嘉奖,提名表扬regard n. 注意；尊重；问候；凝视vt. 注重，考虑；看待；尊敬；把…看作；与…有关vi. 注意，注重；注视maintain vt. 维持；继续；维修；主张；供养hamburger n. 汉堡包，汉堡；牛肉饼，肉饼；碎牛肉fries n. 炸薯条（French fries）taco n. 墨西哥煎玉米卷；墨西哥人industry n. 产业；工业；勤勉Operation n. 操作；经营；[外科] 手术；[数][计] 运算container n. 集装箱；容器organized adj. 有组织的；安排有秩序的；做事有条理的v. 组织（organize的过去分词）mass n. 块，团；群众，民众；大量，众多adj. 群众的，民众的；大规模的，集中的vi. 聚集起来，聚集vt. 使集合permission n. 允许，许可continent n. 大陆，洲，陆地adj. 自制的，克制的praise n. 赞扬；称赞；荣耀；崇拜vt. 赞美，歌颂；表扬vi. 赞美；赞扬criticize vt. 批评；评论；非难expert adj. 熟练的；内行的；老练的n. 专家；行家；能手vt. 当专家；在…中当行家drilling n. 钻孔；训练，教练；演练v. 钻孔；训练（drill的ing形式）pottery n. 陶器；陶器厂；陶器制造术fragment n. 碎片；片断或不完整部分vt. 使成碎片vi. 破碎或裂开emperor n. 皇帝，君主mausoleum n.陵墓,大而阴森的房屋(或房间)revelation n. 启示；揭露；出乎意料的事；被揭露的真相subsequent adj. 后来的，随后的excavation n. 挖掘，发掘archaeology n. 考古学pit n. 矿井；深坑；陷阱；（物体或人体表面上的）凹陷；（英国剧场的）正厅后排；正厅后排的观众vt. 使竞争；窖藏；使凹下；去…之核；使留疤痕vi. 凹陷；起凹点buried adj. 埋葬的；埋藏的v. 埋葬（bury的过去式和过去分词）army n. 陆军，军队estimated adj. 估计的；预计的；估算的revealed v. 透露（reveal的过去式）；显示warrior n. 战士，勇士；鼓吹战争的人underground adv. 在地下；秘密地adj. 地下的；秘密的；先锋派的n. 地下；地铁；地道；地下组织；秘密活动；先锋派团体housing n. 房屋；住房供给；[机] 外壳；遮盖物；机器等的防护外壳或外罩construction n. 建设；建筑物；解释；造句·corridor n. 走廊pave vt. 铺设；安排；作铺设之用figure n. 数字；人物；图形；价格；（人的）体形；画像vi. 计算；出现；扮演角色vt. 计算；认为；描绘；象征sustained adj.持续的；持久的;持久不变的v.维持（sustain的过去式和过去分词）;承受compose vt. 构成；写作；使平静；排…的版vi. 组成；作曲；排字rafter n. 椽；筏夫（等于raftsman）vt. 装椽于vary vi. 变化；变异；违反vt. 改变；使多样化；变奏conceal vt. 隐藏；隐瞒till n. [地理][水文] 冰碛；放钱的抽屉；备用现金prep. 直到conj. 直到...为止vt. 耕种；犁vi. 耕种；耕耘earth n. 地球；陆地；泥土；尘世；[电] 地线rectangular adj. 矩形的；成直角的force n. 力量；武力；军队；魄力vt. 促使，推动；强迫；强加battle n. 战役；斗争vi. 斗争；作战vt. 与…作战complex adj. 复杂的；合成的n. 复合体；综合设施formation n. 形成；构造；编队formed adj. 成形的，成形v. 成形加工（form过去时形式）partition n. 划分，分开；[数] 分割；隔墙；隔离物vt. [数] 分割；分隔；区分chariot n. 二轮战车vt. 驾驭（过去式charioted，过去分词charioted，现在分词charioting，第三人称单数chariots）vi. 乘战车；驾驭战车borders n. 边界；边缘地区（border的复数）v. 毗连；邻接；给…镶边（border的第三人称单数）vast adj. 广阔的；巨大的；大量的；巨额的n. 浩瀚；广阔无垠的空间beach n. 海滩；湖滨vt. 将…拖上岸vi. 搁浅；定居beaches n. 海滩；海滨（beach的复数形式）canyon n. 峡谷freeway n. 高速公路pie n. 馅饼；饼图；爱说话的人vt. 使杂乱expert adj. 熟练的；内行的；老练的n. 专家；行家；能手vt. 当专家；在…中当行家claim vi. 提出要求vt. 要求；声称；需要；认领n. 要求；声称；索赔；断言；值得varied adj. 多变的;各式各样的;杂色的v. 改变;使多样化（vary的过去式和过去分词形式）certainly adv. 当然；行（用于回答）；必定financial adj. 金融的；财政的，财务的charming adj. 迷人的；可爱的v. 使陶醉（charm的现在分词）charm n. 魅力，吸引力；魔力vt. 使陶醉；行魔法vi. 有魔力；用符咒obvious adj. 明显的；显著的；平淡无奇的contradiction n. 矛盾；否认；反驳acquaintance n. 熟人；相识；了解；知道guided adj. 有指导的；有向导的v. 指导（guide的过去分词）strict adj. 严格的；绝对的；精确的；详细的pattern n. 模式；图案；样品vt. 模仿；以图案装饰vi. 形成图案progressive adj. 进步的；先进的n. 改革论者；进步分子occasion n. 时机，机会；场合；理由vt. 引起，惹起controlled adj. 受控制的；受约束的；克制的v. 控制；约束（control的过去式）；指挥bows n.饰片；弓形物（bow的复数形式）v. 鞠躬（bow的第三人称单数）；把…弯成弓形motor n. 发动机，马达；汽车adj. 汽车的；机动的vi. 乘汽车vt. 以汽车载运automobile n. 汽车rubber n. 橡胶；橡皮；合成橡胶；按摩师adj. 橡胶制成的vt. 涂橡胶于；用橡胶制造vi. 扭转脖子看；好奇地引颈而望tires n. 轮胎（tire的复数）v. 厌倦；感到疲劳（tire的第三人称单数）roll vt. 卷；滚动，转动；辗vi. 卷；滚动；转动；起伏，摇晃n. 卷，卷形物；名单；摇晃trailer n. 拖车；[电视] 预告片；追踪者vi. 乘拖车式活动房屋旅行vt. 用拖车载运carbon n. [化学] 碳；碳棒；复写纸adj. 碳的；碳处理的poisonous adj. 有毒的；恶毒的；讨厌的gases n. 气体cloud n.云;阴云;云状物;一大群;黑斑vt. 使混乱;以云遮敝;使忧郁;玷污vi.阴沉;乌云密布skies n. 天空（sky的复数）v. 把…投向空中；把…挂得过高；飞涨（sky的第三人称单数）policy n. 政策，方针；保险单restrict vt. 限制；约束；限定pump vt. 打气；用抽水机抽…n. 泵，抽水机；打气筒vi. 抽水threatening adj. 危险的；胁迫的；凶兆的v. 威胁；恐吓；迫近（threaten的ing形式）market n. 市场；行情；股票市场；市面；集市；销路；商店vt. 在市场上出售vi. 做买卖pickup n. 收集，整理；小卡车；拾起；搭车者；偶然结识者praise n. 赞扬；称赞；荣耀；崇拜vt. 赞美，歌颂；表扬vi. 赞美；赞扬eve n. 前夕；傍晚；重大事件关头expert adj. 熟练的；内行的；老练的n. 专家；行家；能手vt. 当专家；在…中当行家outstanding adj. 杰出的；显著的；未解决的；未偿付的n. 未偿贷款broadcast vt. 播送，播放；（无线电或电视）广播；播撒（种子）vi. 广播，播送；播放n. 广播；播音；广播节目adj. 广播的paediatrician n.儿童医生expose vt. 揭露，揭发；使曝光；显示blade 报错n. 叶片；刀片，刀锋；剑royal adj. 皇家的；盛大的；女王的；高贵的；第一流的n. 王室；王室成员memory n. 记忆，记忆力；内存，[计] 存储器；回忆tricycle n. [车辆] 三轮车silly adj. 愚蠢的n. 傻瓜grandstand n.正面看台；观众；哗众取宠的表演vi. 做博取观众喝采的演技adj. 看台上的gosh int. 天啊；唉；糟了；必定cricket n. 板球，板球运动；蟋蟀enduring adj. 持久的；能忍受的v. 忍耐（endure的ing形式）individual adj. 个人的；个别的；独特的n. 个人，个体headline n. 大标题；内容提要；栏外标题；头版头条新闻vt. 给…加标题；使成为注意中心；大力宣传phrase n. 短语, 习语, 措辞, [音]乐句taste n. 味道；品味；审美vt. 尝；体验vi. 尝起来；有…的味道capable adj. 能干的，能胜任的；有才华的virtue n. 美德；优点；贞操；功效especially adv. 特别；尤其；格外slightest adj. 极不重要的，最少的indeed adv. 的确；实在；真正地；甚至int. 真的（表示惊讶、怀疑、讽刺等）citizen n. 公民；市民；老百姓politeness n. 有礼貌；优雅wholly adv. 完全地；全部；统统neutral adj. 中立的，中性的；中立国的;非彩色的n. 中立国;中立者；非彩色；齿轮的空档basketball n. 篮球；篮球运动baseball n. 棒球；棒球运动sideline n. 副业；球场边线；局外人的观点vt. 迫使退出adj. 倾斜的court n. 法院；球场；朝廷；奉承vt. 招致（失败、危险等）；向…献殷勤；设法获得vi. 求爱surfing n. 冲浪游戏v. 冲浪（surf的ing形式）sailing n. 航行，航海；启航；航海术adj. 航行的v. 航行，起航（sail的现在分词形式）skier n. 滑雪的人keen adj. 敏锐的，敏捷的；渴望的；强烈的；热心的；锐利的n. 痛哭，挽歌wet adj. [气象][物] 潮湿的；有雨的n. 雨天；湿气vt. 弄湿vi. 变湿slope n. 斜坡；倾斜；斜率；扛枪姿势vi. 倾斜；逃走vt. 倾斜；使倾斜；扛snowfall n. 降雪；降雪量hockey n. 曲棍球；冰球devotion n. 献身，奉献；忠诚；热爱existence n. 存在，实在；生存，生活；存在物，实在物created adj. 创造的；引起的v. 创造；建立；造成（creat的过去分词形式）worship n. 崇拜；礼拜；尊敬vt. 崇拜；尊敬；爱慕vi. 拜神；做礼拜civil adj. 公民的；民间的；文职的；有礼貌的；根据民法的temple n. 庙宇；寺院；神殿；太阳穴pyramid n.金字塔;角锥体vi.渐增;上涨;成金字塔状vt.使…渐增;使…上涨;使…成金字塔状structure n. 结构；构造；建筑物vt. 组织；构成；建造productivity n. 生产力；生产率；生产能力hindu adj. 印度的；印度教的n. 印度人；印度教教徒folk n. 民族；人们；亲属（复数）adj. 民间的architecture n. 建筑学；建筑风格；建筑式样mysteries n. 神秘的事物；难以理解的事；古代的秘密宗教仪式（mystery的复数）observing adj. 观察的；注意的；观察力敏锐的v. 观察；遵守（observe的ing形式）instance n. 实例；情况；建议vt. 举...为例process vt. 处理；加工n. 过程，进行；方法，步骤；作用；程序；推移vi. 列队前进adj. 经过特殊加工（或处理）的sociology n. 社会学；群体生态学wisdom n. 智慧，才智；明智；学识；至理名言economically adv. 经济地；在经济上；节俭地typically adv. 代表性地；作为特色地。