2018年陕西省西安市长安区高考英语模拟试卷(5月份)

2018年陕西省西安市长安区高考英语模拟试卷（5月份）第二部分：阅读理解（共两节）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．1. How does it feel to take the high﹣speed train in China?Editor’s note:China has launched its new﹣generation bullet train, the Fuxing （Chinese for rejuvenation）, which will travel at 350 kilometers per hour on the Beijing﹣Shanghai route, making it the world’s fastest bullet train． Some readers share their experiences of taking the high﹣speed train in China．Michael （US）Taking a high speed train in China is an enjoyable experience for me． I would rather take a train than wait for hours at the airport if I travel from Beijing to Shanghai． Trains are always on time, whereas flights are often delayed． Sitting on a high speed train is comfortable even if it’s a second class wagon． You feel much cozier on your seat and have some snacks． Plus, it is great to know that China’s Fuxing high speed train has lifted the speed of the high﹣speed train to 350kilometers per hour．David （Australia）It’s just so smooth that you won’t feel anything． I watched a video online that a guy put a coin standing on its edge by the window and it stood for fifteen minutes during the train ride from Beijing to Shanghai! You don’t have to hold at any hand rails when you walk the aisle （通道）． If you close your eyes, you would think you’re standing still．Glen （Canada）Most of the high﹣speed railway stations are newly built and very modem, which provide free WiFi to all the passengers．You don’t need to arrive at the station hours before it departs． You must book well in advance, especially during peak seasons, as trains are often fully booked． The interior （内部） of the train is spacious and exquisite． I cannot wait for my country to get just one high speed line built．Foreign Chinese （Malaysia）I have tried China’s bullet train． Smooth and the ride is so comfortable． However no smoking is allowed．I’d rather take those g reen trains which take you to any destination． And the countryside view is refreshing．（1）Which is NOT the reason for which Michael （US） prefers to take the train？________A.The train is more comfortable．B.The train is always on time while the plane not．C.The train is faster than the plane．D.The train seats feel much cozier．（2）David （Australia） thinks when the train is running， it is very________．A.steady B． C.fast D．（3）Where do you think the text most probably comes from？________A.A science fiction．B.A newspaper．C.A sports magazine．D.An experimental report．【答案】CAB【考点】完形综合阅读理解综合【解析】主要讲述了对几个外国友人的采访，主要针对他们对乘坐中国的高铁时的一些感受进行采访，以展示中国高铁发展的情况．【解答】（1）C．细节题．根据文章内容，Trains are always on time， whereas flights are often delayed．Sitting on a high speed train is comfortable even if it’s a second class wagon． You feel much cozier on your seat and have some snacks．由此可知，Michael之所以喜欢坐火车是因为他觉得坐火车会更舒服，除此以外，他认为火车比较准时而飞机会晚点．另外就是他觉得火车的座位更加的舒服．没有提到C的原因，结合选项，故选C．（2）A．细节题．根据文章内容，You don’t have to hold at any hand rails when you walk the aisle （通道）． If you close your eyes，you would think you’re standing still．由此可知，David认为在火车箱内走动的时候，你完全不需要抓住任何的东西来寻找支撑，闭上眼睛就能感觉你像站在平地一样，由此他认为火车在跑动的过程中非常的稳，不会摇晃．结合选项，故选A．（3）B．文章来源题．根据文章内容，主要讲述了对几个外国友人的采访，主要针对他们对乘坐中国的高铁时的一些感受进行采访，以展示中国高铁发展的情况．由此推测此类文章应该出现在报纸类，结合选项，故选B．2. One cold day last November, my wife and I came home from work to look after our sick young daughter and we decided to stay at home for the night． Problem was, we had two tickets to see Miranda July, the performance artist, being interviewed at the Herbst Theatre． We decided to sell them online for ﹩50． One hour before the event, a guy named Peter called me and said he wanted to buy the tickets． Since the Lime was limited, I told Peter to pay me the next day． Peter seemed touched and we said a fond goodbye．However, a month later, Peter still didn’t pay me back． A few more weeks passed． Another month． There came one e﹣mail promising to mail the check, then silence． Maybe he was having a hard time, I thought． But the truth was, Peter seemed to be having a pretty normal time． According to the pictures and messages on his Facebook, he had been playing golf, dancing happily with his friends, and traveling on a boat． But he just refused to answer my calls, or reply to my e﹣mails or messages． So I tried reaching him with my wife’s phone one night．And he didn’t pick up when Icalled, but texted right back, playfully wondering who might be calling him．“You should go to his office, ” my wife said,“He would have to give you the money if all his coworkers were watching．”But I didn’t want to become a debt collector． My efforts to reach Peter over these months had been light and I wanted to keep it that way． My initial exchange with Peter had been just two regular people agreeing to handle things humanly． There was a rare niceness in that, and I still wanted to keep that balloon in the air, however disappointing it wasstarting to look． I wanted to believe we could still trust each other．（1）For what reason did the author and his wife decide to sell the ticket？________A.They thought it was top cold that night．B.They wanted to save some money．C.They needed to take care of their daughter．D.They were going to be interviewed．（2）On the night the author sold his tickets to Peter， he________．A.knew he might not get the ﹩ 50．B.felt a little hesitant．C.was moved by Peter’s kindness．D.thought he could trust Peter．（3）Why didn’t Peter pay the author back？________A.Because he didn’t remember it．B.Because he was too busy to pay．C.Because he didn’t want to pay．D.Because he was having a tough time．（4）What can we infer about the author？________A.He still hoped Peter would pay him back．B.He might call the police for help．C.He would go to Peters office to talk to him．D.He would never trust strangers．【答案】CDCA【考点】完形综合阅读理解综合【解析】本文主要讲述了一对夫妻打算陪女儿在家过夜，但是他们两个有两张戏剧表演的门票；于是他们决定网上售票，找到买主后，买主拿到票并未给钱，经过一系列的事情后终于拿到了钱．最后卖主说不管它看起来多么令人失望．我想相信我们能彼此还是信任的一个故事．【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．根据第一段中的Amy and I came home from work to a sick young daughter and we decided to stay at home for the night．可知，作者和Amy不去剧院主要是因为他们需要照顾生病的女儿．故选C．（2）D．推理判断题．根据第一段中的I told Joe to pay me the next day．Joe seemed touched and we said a fond goodbye．可推断，作者让Joe第二天再付钱并愉快地跟他道别是因为作者认为自己可以相信Joe．故选D．（3）C．推理判断题．根据第二段中的There’d been one e﹣mail promising to mail the check，then silence及第三段中的Joe seemed to be having a pretty normal time．According to the pictures and messages⋅⋅⋅可推断，Joe不付钱不是因为有困难，而是因为他不想付钱．故选C．（4）A．推理判断题．根据最后一段开头的I didn’t want to become a debt collector及段末的There was a rare niceness in that，and I still wanted to keep that balloon in theair⋅⋅⋅I wanted to believe we could still trust each other可推断，作者仍然希望Joe能主动把钱还给他，从而使他相信他们之间还是可以彼此信任的．故选A．3. When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not ________ the manufacturers claims, the first step is to present the warranty （保修卡）, or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase． In mostcases, this action will produce results． However, if it does not, there are various meansthe consumer may use to gain satisfaction． A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager． In general, the “higher up” his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled． In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumers favor, assuming he or she has a just claim．Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter．Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question． If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements． For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than “This stereo does not work”． The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer． If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible． If a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go to a step further． She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers rights．（1）How can a consumer make his or her complaint more effective， according to the text？________A.Threaten to take the seller to court．B.Explain exactly what is wrong with the item．C.Make polite and general statements about the problem．D.Avoid having direct contact with the store manager．（2）According to the text， which of the following is suggested as the last alternative that consumers may turn to？________plain to the store manager in person．plain to the manufacturer if possible．C.Write a complaint letter to the manager．D.Turn to the Consumers’ Rights Protection Organization for help．（3）The phrase “live up to” in this context means________．A.fulfill the demands of．B.realize the purpose of．C.reach the standard of．D.keep the promise of．（4）The text is mainly about________．A.how to settle a consumer’s complaint about a faulty item．B.how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item．C.how to avoid buying a faulty item．D.how to deal with complaints from customers．【答案】BDCB【考点】完形综合阅读理解综合【解析】本文主要说明顾客在购买了有瑕疵的商品后如何进行最有效的投诉．【解答】（1）B．细节理解题．根据文章第四段第一句“Complaining is usually most effective…and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question．”可知，最有效的投诉方式是指出所购商品的具体问题．故选B．（2）D．细节理解题．根据文章最后一句“She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer’s rights．”，可知最后只能求助消费者权益保护组织．故选D．（3）C．词义猜测题．根据划线词所在的句子（文章第一句）“When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer’s claims…”可知，顾客在购买了有瑕疵的商品时，或者在某些方面达不到商家所说的标准时…．由此可推出live up to的意思．故选C．（4）B．主旨大意题．通读全文可知本文主要说明顾客在购买了有瑕疵的商品后如何进行最有效的投诉．故选B．4. Next time you find yourself ________ in an unexpected heavy rain, look on the bright side﹣it will be a memorable experience． While wet weather may make us feel gloomy, it sharpens the memory and improves our recall． But those who fell in a good mood because it’s a sunny day are able to remember less well, according to memory tests carried by Australian researchers．Professor Joe Forgas, who led the research, said: “It seems strange but a little bit of sadness is a good thing． People performed much better on our memory test when the weather was unpleasant and they were in a slightly negative mood﹣On bright sunny days, when they were more likely to be happy, they remembered less．”The tests were carried out on shoppers at a store in Sydney, where researchers randomly placed ten small objects on the check﹣out counter． On rainy days, sad music was played in the store． When it was bright and sunny, customers heard cheery music． This was done to further influence them towards negative or positive moods． Aftershopping, customers were asked how many of the objects they could remember． Their scores were three times higher when the weather was bad and they were feelingangry, compared with those tested on sunny days． The results were published in Journal of Experimental Psychology． A report on the findings said: “They point to a growing body of evidence that the way people think, the quality of their judgments and the accuracy of their memory are all significantly influenced by positive or negative moods．” Professor Forgas said, “We found that weather﹣inducted negative mood improved memoryaccuracy． Shoppers in a negative mood showed better memory and higher discrimination ability．”A worse mood helped to focus people’s attention on their surroundings and led to a more thorough and careful thinking style, while happiness increased confidence and forgetfulness． Being happy tends to promote a thinking style that is less focused on our surroundings． In a positive mood we are less likely to make more snap （匆忙的）judgments about people we meet． Mild negative mood, in turn, tends to increase attention to our surroundings and produce a more careful, thorough thinking style．Accurately remembering everyday scenes is a difficult task, yet such memories can be of importance in everyday life． Surprisingly, the influence of mood states on the accuracy of real﹣life memories is still poorly understood．（1）What’s the major function of Paragraph 1？________A.To attract the readers．B.To generalize the whole passage．C.To introduce the theme of the whole passage．D.To describe the unforgettable experience．（2）The underline d word “drenched” in Paragraph 1 may mean “________”．A.wet B． C.muddy D．（3）According to Joe Forgas， on sunny days， people________．A.will make careful judgments on others．B.will have more confidence．C.tend to pay more attention to their surroundings．D.will have a better recall．（4）What can we know from the research？________A.Forgetfulness is rather troublesome．B.It’s important to feel in a good mood．C.It’s memorable to experience a rainy day．D.Gloomy days are good for memorizing things．【答案】CABD【考点】阅读理解综合完形综合【解析】本文属于科教类阅读，根据Professor Joe Forgas研究得知，阴郁的天气会让人心情沉重，却可以增强我们的记忆力，而阳光明媚的天气却并不利于我们的记忆．【解答】（1）C．推理判断题．根据第一段内容可知，作者通过下雨天和晴天对我们心情的影响，从而引入本文的话题，故答案为C．（2）A．词义猜测题．根据下文in an unexpected heavy rain可知，遇到了大雨，身上会被雨水淋湿，可以猜测drenched，意为“湿的，湿透的”，故答案为A．（3）B．推理判断题．根据On bright sunny days， when they were more likely to be happy， they remembered less可知晴天时，人们心情会更好，会有更多的自信，故答案为B．（4）D．主旨大意题．根据While wet weather may make us feel gloomy， it sharpens the memory and improves our recall可知根据研究得知，阴郁的天气会让人心情沉重，却可以增强我们的记忆力，故答案为D．第二节（满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．5.Using Social Media PositivelySocial media is so common in our society that almost everyone is connected to some form of it， whether it is Twitter， Facebook or even Pinterest． We are in a fast﹣paced，technologically evolving society and we are addicted to social media．（1）_______So how does one ensure a positive online reputation？It’s simple：Keep it clean．（2）_______Party photos with alcohol are an absolute no﹣no． Would you want to have your boss see these photos？ Make sure to post contents that you feel positively reflect you， your creativity and your skills．（3）_______ You have a private Twitter account， so you can post anything you want？This is decidedly not the case． Privacy settings make it harder to see your full account，but it’s not impossible． Under no circumstance should you rely on privacy settings as a way to protect inappropriate contents．（4）_______ Keep it classy （优等的）! Discover your brand， or what you want people to think of you． Proper spelling and grammar is always a plus， but it may not be your brand． Think about what you want people to think of you and go with it．Follow these simple rules and you’re on your way to building， or restoring an online reputation．Using social media positively doesn’t mean you can’t have fun and use it to express yourself； however， you wan t to ensure that you’re OK with anyone seeing everything you post．（5）_______Like it or not， your social networks reflect you ﹣ make sure you look like the shining star that you truly are．A． In fact， we long for social media．B．Ensure you’re professional．C． Social media is common now．D．Be entirely sure about what you’re posting．E．Don’t trust privacy settings．F． Once you click the post，there’s no looking back．G． Make sure your post is written personally．【答案】A,D,E,B,F【考点】七选五阅读【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了积极使用社交媒体的一些注意事项，我们渴望社交媒体但也要保护自己．【解答】1﹣5 ADEBF（1）A．推理判断题．根据前文We are in a fast﹣paced，technologically evolving society and we are addicted to social media我们生活在一个快节奏、技术不断发展的社会，我们沉迷于社交媒体．可知事实上，我们渴望社交媒体；故选A．（2）D．推理判断题．根据后文Make sure to post contents that you feel positively reflect you，your creativity and your skills一定要把你感觉积极地反映出来的内容，你的创造力和你的技能可知你需要完全确定你所张贴的内容；故选D．（3）E．推理判断题．根据后文Privacy settings make it harder to see your full account，but it’s not impossible隐私设置让你很难看到你的完整账户，但这不是不可能的可知对于不信任的东西设置隐私；故选E．（4）B．推理判断题．根据后文Proper spelling and grammar is always a plus，but it may not be your brand正确的拼写和语法永远是一个加分项，但它可能不是你的品牌可知你需要确保你是专业的；故选B．（5）F．推理判断题．根据前文 however，you want to ensure that you’re OK with anyone seeing everything you post但是，你要确保你对任何人看到你发布的所有内容都感到满意可知一旦你点击后，就不可能撤销了；故选F．第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节）第一节完形填空（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在笞题卡上将该选项涂黑．6. One day I went to a store to get some needed items for my family． I gathered up my goodies and headed for the（1）_______counter, only to be（2）_______in the narrow aisle by a young man who（3）_______to be about sixteen years old．I wasn’t in ahurry, so I（4）_______ waited for the boy to realize that I was there． It was obvious now, he was mentally （5）_______ and a little shocked as he turned and saw me standing so（6）_______ to him, waiting to （7）_______． I said, “Hey Buddy,what’s your name? ”"My name is Denny and I’m （8）_______with my Mommy, " he responded proudly．“Wow,” I said,"that’s a（n）（9）_______ name． I wish my name was Denny, but my name is Steve． How old are you, Denny? "“How old am I now, Mommy? ” he asked his mother as she slowly （10）_______fromthe next aisle．“You’re fifteen years old,Denny”． Then he headed toward the toy section．Denny’s mom （11）_______ me for taking the time to talk with her son． She told me that most people wouldn’t （12）_______ look at him, much less talk to him．I told her that it was my （13）_______ and that there are plenty of red, yellow, andp ink roses in God’s Garden;（14）_______ “Blue Roses” are very （15）_______ and should be appreciated （16）_______ their beauty and distinctiveness．You see, Denny is a Blue Rose and （17）_______ someone doesn’t stop and （18）_______ that rose with their heart and touch that rose with their kindness, then they’ve （19）_______ a blessing from God． So, the next time you see a BLUE ROSE, don’t turn your head and walk off．（20）_______ to smile and say Hello．（1）A.customerB.officeC.salesmanD.checkoutA.troubledB.blockedC.foundD.met（3）A.declaredB.tendedC.pretendedD.appeared（4）A.patientlyB.kindlyC.slightlyD.slowly（5）A.woundedB.challengedC.brokenD.torn（6）A.friendlyB.closeC.nextD.happily（7）A.squeeze byB.steal awayC.hurry outD.break in（8）A.swimmingB.shoppingC.singingD.travelling（9）A.ordinaryB.oldC.coolD.bad（10）A.walked byB.went awayC.turned upD.came over（11）A.chatted withB.blamedC.stared atD.thanked（12）A.everB.evenC.stillD.yet（13）A.pleasureB.courageC.faithD.habit（14）A.besidesB.thereforeC.howeverD.meanwhile（15）A.brightB.colorfulC.rareD.big（16）A.forB.overC.fromD.byA.unlessB.afterC.thoughD.if（18）A.smellB.pickC.buyD.see（19）A.helpedB.forgottenC.invitedD.missed（20）A.Be proudB.Be braveC.Take the timeD.Take it easy【答案】DBDABBABCDDBACCADADC【考点】完形综合阅读理解综合【解析】本文主要讲述对待残疾人要微笑和特别关心，多加帮助．【解答】（1）D．名词辨析．根据I gathered up my goodies 可知，作者带着刚买到的东西，准备前往收银台去结账．A．customer“顾客”；B．office“办公室”；C．salesman“销售员”；D．checkout“结账”．故选D．（2）B．动词辨析．根据后面的“I wasn’t in a hurry，so I…waited for the boy to realizethat I was there．”理解句意：我带着刚买到的东西，准备前往收银台去结账，结果被一个看起来十六岁的年轻人挡住了去路．A．troubled“使烦恼”；B．blocked“阻挡”；C．found“发现”；D．met"遇见．故选B．（3）D．动词辨析．此处指那个年轻人看起来十六岁左右的样子．A．declared“宣称”；B．tended“趋向”；C．pretended“假装”；D．appeared“出现，露面；看起来”．appearto do“看起来”．故选D．（4）A．副词辨析．根据“I wasn’t in a hurry．”可知，作者并不着急，因此耐心地等着那个年轻人意识到自己挡着后面人的路了．A．patie ntly“耐心地”；B．kindly“好心地”；C．slightly“轻微地”；D．slowly“慢慢地”．故选A．（5）B．动词辨析．A．wounded“使受伤”；B．challenged“挑战”；C．broken“打碎；破坏”；D．torn“撕”．句意：非常明显，当他看到我离他如此近，正等着通过时，他没有意识到自己挡路了．故选B．（6）B．形容词和副词辨析．此处指“我”离得那个年轻人非常近．A．friendly“友好的”；B．close“很近的”；C．next“下一个的；其次的”；D．happily“高兴地”．故选B．（7）A．动词短语辨析．因为人很多，因此“我”等待着从他身边挤过去．A．squeezeby“挤过去”；B．steal away“偷走”；C．hurry out“匆忙出去”；D．break in“破门而入”．故选A．（8）B．动词辨析．根据文章所叙述的情景可知，那个年轻人在和母亲一块儿来购物．A．swimming“游泳”；B．shopping“购物”；C．singing“唱歌”；D．travelling“旅游”．故选B．（9）C．形容词辨析．根据后面的“I wish my name was Denny，but my name is Steve．”可知，作者在夸赞他的名字很酷．A．ordinary“普通的”；B．old“老的；旧的”．C．cool“冷酷的；酷的”；D．bad“坏的”．故选C．（10）D．动词短语辨析．此处指他问正在走过来的妈妈．A．walked by“从旁边走过”；B．went away“离开”；C．turned up“调大；出现”；D．came over“走上前来”．故选D．（11）D．动词（短语）辨析．由后面She told me that most people much less talk to him，很多人不愿意和他说话，可知丹尼的妈妈非常感谢我与孩子聊天．thank sb．for doing sth．“感谢某人做某事”．A．chatted with“聊天”；B．blamed“批评”；C．staredat“凝视，注视”；D．thanked“感谢”，故选D．（12）B．副词辨析．本句most people wouldn’t（47）Dlook at him，much less talk to him．句意是大多数人甚至不看他，更不用说和他聊天了，故选B．（13）A．名词辨析．我告诉她，这是我的荣幸．A．pleasure“乐趣”；B．courage“勇气”；C．faith“信念”；D．habit“习惯”；故选A．（14）C．副词辨析．由there are plenty of red， yellow，and pink roses in God’s Garden，上帝创造了各种各样的花．可知然而，蓝色的玫瑰并不多见．A．besides“而且”；B．therefore“因此”；C．however“然而”；D．meanwhile“与此同时”．故选C．（15）C．形容词辨析．由there are plenty of red， yellow， and pink roses ，红色、黄色、粉色的花很多，可知蓝色的玫瑰并不多见．A．bright“明亮的”；B．colorful“五彩缤纷的”；C．rare“稀有的”；D．big“大的”．故选C．（16）A．介词辨析．因为蓝玫瑰很少，因此应该欣赏蓝色玫瑰的美丽和与众不同．故选A．（17）D．连词辨析． Denny is a Blue Rose ，丹尼就是一朵蓝玫瑰，是假设，因此后文也是假设的情况，如果有人不停下来去用心闻他的花香，用善意来接触他，他们会错过上帝的祝福．A．unless“除非”B．after“在…之后”；C．though“尽管”；D．if“如果”；．故选D．（18）A．动词辨析．由后面 and touch ，可知此处是闻花香和触摸花朵．A．smell“闻”；B．pick“捡起；摘”；C．buy“买”；D．see“看到”．故选A．（19）D．动词辨析．由上文可知蓝玫瑰也是上帝的花朵，因此如果有人不停下来用善意来接触他，他们会错过上帝的祝福．A．helped“帮助”；B．forgotten“忘记”；C．invited“邀请”；D．missed“错过”．故选D．（20）C．短语辨析．由don’t turn your head and walk off．不要转过头去就走开．可知此处是不要着急离开，对他笑一笑，与他打声招呼．A．Be proud“骄傲；自豪”；B．Be brave“勇敢”；C．Take the time“别着急，慢慢来”；D．Take it easy“放松，别紧张”．故选C．第二节语法填空（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在答题卡相应位置处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式．7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。