Pcsc1Final

合集下载

PCS培训---4-画面培训

4-4 报警记录
1. 报警消息介绍 2. 增加一个报警消息
4-5 变量记录
1. 变量记录介绍 2. 增加归档变量 3. 手动增加一个趋势画面
4-6 全局脚本
1. C语言全局脚本介绍 2. VBS语言全局脚本介绍
4-7 用户管理
1. 2. 3. 4. 权限介绍说明添加用户组、用户设置用户权限修改用户密码
4-8 服务器数据
1. 服务器组态 2. 标准服务器说明
4-9 冗余
1. 冗余功能介绍使用
4-10 时间同步
WINCC自带时间同步系统，通过设置时间同步属性，选择同步的计算机，即可同步所有客户机、服务器计算机上的时间。
4-11时间同步
WINCC自带时间同步系统，通过设置时间同步属性，选择同步的计算机，即可同步所有客户机、服务器计算机上的时间。
PCS7系统培训
画面培训
苏州浙远自动化工程技术有限公司 2016年7月
培训内容
4-1计算机属性 4-2变量管理 4-3图形编辑器 4-4报警记录 4-5变量记录 4-6全局脚本 4-7用户管理器 4-8服务器数据 4-9冗余
4-10时间同步 4-11画面树管理器 4-12OS项目编辑器 4-13SFC
4-1. 常规启动参数图形运行系统运行系统
4-2 变量管理
1. 2. 3. 4. 内部变量 DCS变量 OPC变量结构变量
4-3 图形编辑器
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. @系统图形编辑图形工具栏介绍控件功能介绍画面连接变量连接 SFC连接
4-12画面树编辑器
画面树编辑器用于在服务器上编辑所有画面的排列，形成一个树的分支系统，然后在客户机上可以通过OS项目编辑器中分配各客户机上显示哪些画面。

PCSC SIM Series Controller 控制器型号指南

SIM Series ControllerA/E Guide SpecificationRevision 2.0PCSC makes no representations or warranties with respect to the contents herein, and disclaims any implied warranties of operation for any particular purpose. Further, PCSC may modify this document without obligation to notify any person of any such changes or revisions.Third Party Trademarks: All other trademarks, trade names, or company names referenced herein are used for identification only and are the property of their respective owners.PCSC3541 Challenger St.Torrance, California 90503Phone: (310) 638-0400; Fax: (310) 638-6204E-Mail:***************1. System Characteristics1.1 Logical Processing Controller (LPC)1.1.A The Logical Processing Controller is used as the sub-component to the SecurityManagement System for the purpose of initiating all decision making criteria as itrelates to the cardholders, readers, and associated hardware connected.Decisions made by the LPC are uploaded to the host computer as historicalevents. Each LPC shall:1.1.B The LPC shall be listed for Underwriters Laboratory (UL):1.1.B.1 UL294 (Access Control System)1.1.B.2 UL1076 (Proprietary Alarm Monitoring System)1.1.B.3 CE Mark1.1.C Support year 2000 compliance without the need for future software orhardware updates.1.1.D Operate without the need for the host to be on-line. No decisions shall bereliable on the host.1.1.E Utilize RS485 multi-point communications to the host for communicationsintegrity. Any system that cannot maintain communications integrity when one ormore LPC is off-line shall not be accepted.1.1.F Have the ability of supporting a minimum of 4 individual readers within a singleenclosure with the ability of expanding to 8 readers while consuming only oneterminal address.1.1.G Have a minimum of 32 inputs and 4 outputs expandable to 66 input points and28 output relays and 8 voltage outputs.1.1.H Include a request-to-exit and door status contact input for each reader withoutthe need for additional modules.1.1.I Detect “forced entry” and “door left open”. A separate action is required foreach.1.1.J Allow mapping of readers to any output address within the same controller.1.1.K Support up to 64 time periods1.1.K.1 A total of 7 start/7 stop intervals, per time period, shall be included.1.1.L Support up to 999 authorization groups1.1.L.1 Each authorization group shall include one (1) time period.1.1.L.2 Each cardholder shall support four (4) authorization groups.1.1.L.3 Each authorization group shall have an alphanumeric description.1.1.M Support up to 365 user selected holidays.1.1.N Allow all unused door logic, such as door strike relays, request-to-exit inputs,and door status inputs to be assigned as general-purpose points.1.1.O Support optional modules for additional customization of inputs and outputs.The following modules shall be available:1.1.O.1 Output Point Module. A minimum of 16 additional output pointsshall be provided1.1.O.2 Combination Module. Where inputs and outputs are necessarywithin the same enclosure, a combination of 16 inputs and 16outputs shall be provided.1.1.P Support a minimum of 8,000 and expandable to 20,000 cardholderassignments.1.1.Q Support a minimum of 4,000 historical transactions in the event communicationsto the host is disrupted.1.1.Q.1 Each LPC transaction shall be time-stamped with the following:1.1.Q.1.a Date (Month, Day, Year)1.1.Q.1.b Time (Hours, Minutes)1.1.Q.1.c Message Text1.1.R Support the downloading of cardholder names in addition to the cardholdernumber.1.1.S Support “reader detection” in the event the reader has been removed or cut.No additional wires or switches shall be used. An alarm condition shall beannunciated.1.1.T Backup programmed data for a minimum of five (5) years without AC power.1.1.U Maintain historical information for a minimum of five (5) years without ACpower.1.1.V Support direct or voice grade 3002 phone line connection1.1.W Automatically adjusts for daylight savings time and leap year independent of thehost system.1.1.X Be supplied with battery backup for a period of four (4) hours.1.1.Y Support a variety of reader technologies. Only non-proprietary readers shall beapproved. Include manufacturer, model number and cut sheet with proposal.1.1.Y.1 Readers shall be provided with the ability of showing a red andgreen LED.1.1.Y.2 The LPC shall show the following characteristics using the bi-colorLED’s:1.1.Y.2.a Power LED (constant red LED)1.1.Y.2.b Card data being processed (fast blink red and greenLEDs)1.1.Y.2.c Access authorized (solid green LED)1.1.Y.2.d Denied access (constant red after card data processing)1.1.Y.2.e Escort authorized (Slow blink red and green LED’s)1.1.Y.2.f Two man rule (slow blink red/green LED’s)1.1.Y.3 Card read errors of four (4) or more within one minute shall bereported to the host.1.1.Z Support the following card/reader technologies as a minimum:1.1.Z.1 Magnetic Stripe1.1.Z.2 Proximity1.1.Z.3 Biometrics1.1.Z.4 Wiegand1.1.Z.5 Protech Barium Ferrite1.1.Z.6 Vehicle Identification1.1.Z.7 Bar Code1.1.Z.8 Keypad1.1.AA Support multiple technologies simultaneously.1.1.BB Support card plus pin, card, or pin only type readers Support a minimum of three (3) “Card Classes” which can be utilized withUser Programmable Logic to interact with external devices or functions, suchas lights, sirens, or HVAC.1.1.DD Integrate each physical input independent of its polarity.1.1.EE Maintain the expiration date for each cardholder. Once the date is reachedthe card will automatically be disabled. No access shall be authorized.1.1.FF Maintain a second expiration date for each cardholder. This date shall beused to prevent access to a unique group of readers, such as parking lots orrecreational facilities. Once the date has expired the card shall be disabledonly for this group of readers.1.1.GG Maintain three (3) access times for each door location; Standard, Long, andEgress.1.1.GG.1 STANDARD access time shall be used for the majority of thecardholders and shall support a range from 0-254 seconds.1.1.GG.2 LONG access time shall be assigned to cardholders who requireextra time to enter/exit a location, such a delivery persons, or tomeet American with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements. The Longaccess time shall support from 0-254 seconds. A Long shunt timeshall also be required to prevent a door held open alarm exceedingthe standard shunt time. The time shall not require additionalhardware nor be dependent on the host for the decision.1.1.GG.3 EGRESS time shall be used for request to exit devices and support atime between 0 - 254 seconds.1.1.HH Have the ability to maintain an automatic door unlock during specific hoursand days.1.1.II Be required to activate the automatic unlock only after the first valid cardaccess at that location within a pre-defined period of time.1.1.JJ Support three (3) “zones” of Anti-Passback; Building, Department, Parking.1.1.KK Support three (3) “levels” of Anti-Passback; Strict, Soft, and Lenient.1.1.KK.1 STRICT Anti-Passback prevents access after the first attempt andforwards a message to the host. An exit reader shall be used to exitthe door location.1.1.KK.2 SOFT Anti-Passback authorizes access with the use of the card thesecond time using an “in” reader. An event message shall beforwarded to the host indicating entry/exit out of sequence.1.1.KK.3 LENIENT Anti-Passback uses the Entry/Exit criteria, but allowsautomatic sequencing between Department and Building Status if notin proper sequence.1.1.LL Utilize User Programmable Logic (UPL) for the manipulation of inputs, cardstatus, outputs, and elevators.1.1.LL.1 Each LPC shall allow the following inputs to trigger UPL:1.1.LL.1.a Card Access / Card Denied1.1.LL.1.b P hysical Input Point1.1.LL.1.c Time periods1.1.LL.2 Each LPC shall support the following computations for UPL:1.1.LL.2.a Increment Count (range 0-65000)1.1.LL.2.b D ecrement Count (range 0-65000)1.1.LL.2.c Increment by Seconds or Minutes (0-65000)1.1.LL.2.d D ecrement by Seconds or Minutes (0-65000)1.1.LL.2.e Clear1.1.LL.2.f Reset1.1.LL.2.g Flip/Flop (Flip output toggle)1.1.LL.3 Each LPC shall support the following results from UPL:1.1.LL.3.a Activate / De-Activate1.1.LL.3.b S hunt / Un-Shunt1.1.LL.3.c Pause / Resume (suspend/restore)1.1.LL.3.d O verride for 1 Cycle1.1.LL.4 Escort/Visitor Control1.1.LL.4.a Maintain the assignment of access cards for VisitorControl. Each visitor shall be assigned an “EscortRequired” status requiring an employee or “EscortCapable” cardholder to grant a valid entry. The decisionshall not be dependent on the host.1.1.LL.4.b A ll visitor badges shall expire automatically at midnight ofthe date issued without operator intervention. Based uponprogrammed expiration date.1.1.LL.5 Two-Person Minimum Occupancy Rule (TPMOR) for high securityapplications.1.1.LL.5.a The TPMOR feature requires the first two- (2) people tobadge into an area at the same time before access isgranted. An exit reader shall be used for decrementingthe count.2 Execution2.1 The supplier shall install all system components and appurtenances in accordance withthe manufacturer’s instructions, and shall furnish all necessary interconnections, services,and adjustments required for a complete and operable system as specified and shown.Control signal, communications, and data transmission lines grounding shall be installedas necessary to preclude ground loops, noise, and surges from adversely affectingsystem operation. Provide mounting hardware as required. .2.2 All low voltage wiring outside the control console, cabinets, boxes and similarenclosures, shall be plenum rated where required by code. Cable not pulled throughconduits or placed in raceways, outlet boxes, junction boxes, or similar fittings withother building wiring.2.3 The supplier shall perform system testing to ensure it is operable to the manufacturer’sspecifications. The test report shall be submitted to the customer for approval and sign-off.3 Warranty3.1 The access control system shall be warranted for a period of one (1) year from the dateof acceptance.3.2 The supplier shall provide all services required to maintain the system in an operationalstate as specified by the manufacturer for a period of one (1) year after acceptance.3.3 The system supplier shall include a line item bill of materials included in the project andthe warranty associated with each.3.4 The system supplier shall maintain equipment stock for any high-usage equipment.。

一种主动阻尼式燃气作动器的设计及实验验证

doi:10.11832/j.issn.1000-4858.2021.02.028一种主动阻尼式燃气作动器的设计及实验验证杨敏勃】，杨磊2,康昌玺】，王瑞琦1(1.兰州空间技术物理研究所，甘肃兰州730000；2.某部军事代表室，甘肃兰州730000)摘要：为了减小导弹高超音速飞行时，其折叠式舵面在严酷的风载条件下展开到位时的冲击，设计了一种主动阻尼式内缩型燃气作动器，并研制了原理样机。

在对作动器的结构、工作原理进行介绍的基础上，设计了其主要零部件并进行了有限元分析。

确定了舵面风载荷模拟加载的方法并搭建了地面模拟加载实验系统。

建立了作动器工作过程的数学模型和仿真模型，并利用MATLAB/Simulink进行了仿真分析，获得了作动器的主要技术参数，进行了地面模拟加载实验验证，结果表明：在顺风载荷条件下，作动器的活塞拉杆先加速运动，然后减速运动，最后以较小的速度运动到位，因此作动器具有良好的负载自适应能力。

实验结果与仿真结果基本一致，可为后续工程应用提供参考。

关键词：作动器;模拟加载;数学模型;仿真分析;地面实验中图分类号:TH138文献标志码:B文章编号：10004858(2021)02-0177-08Design and Experiment Verification ofan Active Damping Gas ActuatorYANG Min-bo1,YANG Lei2,KANG Chang-xi1,WANG Rui-qi1(nzhou Institute of Physics Cast,Lanzhou,Gansu730000；itary Representative Office of the Army,Lanzhou,Gansu730000)Abstract:In order to reduce the impact of the folded control surface of the missile when it is unfolded under severe wind load condition in hypersonic flight,it5s necessary to design an active damping gas actuator and develop the principle prototype.Based on the introduction of actuator structure and working principle,the main parts of the actuator are designed,and analyed by finite element method.Then it gives the method of wind load simulation on the control surface,and also provides the ground simulation loading system.The mathematical model and simulation model of the working process of the actuator are established,and the main technical parameters of the actuator are obtained through the simulation analysis by MATLAB/Simulink.Finally,ground simulation loading experiment shows that under the condition of downwind load,the piston rod of the actuator firstly accelerates,then decelerates,and finally moves to the final position at a smaller speed,so the actuator has a good load adaptive ability.The result of the experiment is almost consistent with the result of the simulation analysis,so the result can be a reference for subsequent engineering application.Key words:actuator,simulation loading,mathematic model,simulation analysis,ground experiment收稿日期：2020-08-17作者简介:杨敏勃（1983—）,男，陕西兴平人，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事火工作动器技术研究。

2024年PCS7系统操作手册工程师培训

9
用户界面介绍
界面组成
PCS7用户界面包括菜单栏、工具栏、项目树、属性窗口等组成部分。
功能介绍
各部分功能包括文件操作、编辑操作、视图操作、调试操作等。
操作方法
通过鼠标点击或拖拽、键盘快捷键等方式进行操作。
2024/2/29
10
03 PCS7系统高级功能
2024/2/29
11
编程与组态
2024/2/29
20
与DCS系统集成
01
DCS系统概述
简要介绍DCS（分布式控制系统）的基本概念、架构和功能，以便工程
师了解其与PCS7的集成背景。
02
集成方式与通信协议
说明PCS7与DCS系统的集成方式，包括硬件连接、通信协议选择（如
OPC、Modbus等）以及相应的配置步骤。
2024/2/29
03
数据共享与控制协同
2024/2/29
22
06 PCS7系统培训总结与展望
2024/2/29
23
培训内容回顾
PCS7系统概述
介绍了PCS7系统的基本概念、架构和功能，使学员对系统有了全面的了解。
编程与组态
深入介绍了PCS7系统的编程语言和组态工具，包括梯形图、指令表、顺序功能图等编程语言，以及WinCC组态软件的使用方法。
2024/2/29
提高了实际操作能力
通过实践操作和案例分析，学员们掌握了PCS7系统的基本操作和维护技能，提高了工作效率和应对突发情况的能力。
增强了团队协作能力
培训过程中，学员们相互学习、交流经验，增进了彼此的了解和信任，有利于今后工作中的团队协作。
25
未来发展趋势及挑战

HDLC的帧格式介绍及模拟FCS简单生成

HDLC的帧格式介绍及模拟FCS简单生成在HDLC中，数据和控制报文均以帧的标准格式传送。

HDLC中的帧类似于BSC的字符块，但BSC协议中的数据报文和控制报文是独立传输的，而HDLC中的命令应以统一的格式按帧传输。

HDLC的完整的帧由标志字段（F）、地址字段（A）、控制字段（C）、信息字段（I）、帧校验序列字段（FCS）等组成.（1）标志字段(F)标志字段为01111110的比特模式，用以标志帧的起始和前一帧的终止。

标志字段也可以作为帧与帧之间的填充字符。

通常，在不进行帧传送的时刻，信道仍处于激活状态，在这种状态下，发方不断地发送标志字段，便可认为一个新的帧传送已经开始。

采用“0比特插入法”可以实现数据的透明传输。

（2）地址字段(A)地址字段的内容取决于所采用的操作方式。

在操作方式中，有主站、从站、组合站之分。

每一个从站和组合站都被分配一个唯一的地址。

命令帧中的地址字段携带的是对方站的地址，而响应帧中的地址字段所携带的地址是本站的地址。

某一地址也可分配给不止一个站，这种地址称为组地址，利用一个组地址传输的帧能被组内所有拥有该组一一的站接收。

但当一个站或组合站发送响应时，它仍应当用它唯一的地址。

还可用全“1”地址来表示包含所有站的地址，称为广播地址，含有广播地址的帧传送给链路上所有的站。

另外，还规定全“0”地址为无站地址，这种地址不分配给任何站，仅作作测试。

（3）控制字段(C)控制字段用于构成各种命令和响应，以便对链路进行监视和控制。

发送方主站或组合站利用控制字段来通知被寻址的从站或组合站执行约定的操作；相反，从站用该字段作对命令的响应，报告已完成的操作或状态的变化。

该字段是HDLC的关键。

控制字段中的第一位或第一、第二位表示传送帧的类型，HDLC中有信息帧（I帧）、监控帧（S帧）和无编号帧（U帧）三种不同类型的帧。

控制字段的第五位是P/F位，即轮询/终止（Poll/Final）位。

控制字段中第1或第1、2位表示传送帧的类型，第1位为“0”表示是信息帧，第1、2位为“10”是监控帧，“11”是无编号帧。

CompactPCI+a+Specification标准

P r o p e r t y o f M o t o r o l a F orI nternalUseO nl y-Ext ernalD is tr ibutionPr ohibi te d PICMG 2.0 R3.0 CompactPCI® Specification October 1, 1999P r o p e r t y o f M o t o r o l aF o r I n t e r n a l U s e O n l y - E x t e r n a l D i s t r i b u t i o n P r o h i b i t e dP r o p e r t y o f M o t o r o l aF orI nternalUseO nl y-Ext ernalD is tr ibutionPr ohibi te dRelease Note for PICMG 2.0 Revision 3.0 CompactPCI ® Specification October 1, 1999P r o p e r t y o f M o t o r o l aF orI nternalUseO nl y-Ext ernalD is tr ibutionPr ohibi te d Purpose This Release Note records some issues raised in the course of developing and balloting PICMG 2.0 Revision 3.0, the CompactPCI core specification. 1. System Management Bus pin assignments . This specification reserves pins on J1/P1 of all slots and J2/P2 of the System Slot for definition as I 2C System Management Busses by PICMG 2.9, CompactPCI System Management Specification. These signals have been tentatively assigned by the PICMG 2.9 as indicated in Section 3.2.7.7 and in Tables 13 through 16 with their notes. The IPMB_SDA pin is an I2C data bus connecting all slots in a backplane. The IPMB_SCL pin is the clock associated with that data line, and the IPMB_PWR pin is a power pin for the IPMB node. The data and clock pins providing System Slot access to platform devices from J2/P2 were designated ICMB_SDA and ICMB_SCL in the draft specification reviewed and adopted by the Executive Membership on October 1, 1999. These signal names are misleading, implying the use of an RS-485 UART bus as specified in the Intel IPMI documents. These signals are designated SMB_SDA and SMB_SCL in the released document. A second System Management power pin, designated ICMB_PWR in the executive draft, was also reserved on J2/P2 of the System Slot. As of the approval of PICMG 2.0 Revision 3.0, the PICMG 2.9 subcommittee is in doubt as to whether this pin will actually be used for power, and is considering assigning a different function to this reserved pin. The released specification accord designates this pin as SMB_RSV. 2. System Slot Hot Swap Signals . This specification designates Pin J1/P1 D15 as a short BD_SEL# (Board Select) signal in agreement with PICMG 2.1, CompactPCI Hot Swap Specification, but only on peripheral slots. The pin is shown as a ground on System Slots. Implementers of CompactPCI boards and systems should anticipate that this signal may also be designated as BD_SEL# on System Slots in PICMG 2.13, CompactPCI Redundant System Slot Specification. J1/P1 Pin B4 is designated as the HEALTHY# signal on System and Peripheral Slots in this specification. ###P r o p e r t y o f M o t o r o l a F orI nternalUseO nl y-Ext ernalD is tr ibutionPr ohibi te d PICMG 2.0 R3.0CompactPCI® SpecificationOctober 1, 1999P r o p e r t y o f M o t o r o l aF orI nternalUseO nl y-Ext ernalD is tr ibutionPr ohibi te d PICMG 2.0 R3.0 10/1/99ii ©Copyright 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 PCI Industrial Computers Manufacturers Group (PICMG).The attention of adopters is directed to the possibility that compliance with or adoption of PICMG ® specifications may require use of an invention covered by patent rights.PICMG ® shall not be responsible for identifying patents for which a license may be required by any PICMG ® specification, or for conducting legal inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. PICMG ® specifications are prospective and advisory only. Prospective users are responsible for protecting themselves against liability for infringement of patents.NOTICE:The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. The material in this document details a PICMG ® specification in accordance with the license and notices set forth on this page. This document does not represent a commitment to implement any portion of this specification in any company's products.WHILE THE INFORMATION IN THIS PUBLICATION IS BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE, PICMG ® MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY OF TITLE OR OWNERSHIP, IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE.In no event shall PICMG ® be liable for errors contained herein or for indirect, incidental,special, consequential, reliance or cover damages, including loss of profits, revenue, data or use, incurred by any user or any third pliance with this specification does not absolve manufacturers of CompactPCI equipment, from the requirements of safety and regulatory agencies (UL, CSA, FCC,IEC, etc.).PICMG ®, CompactPCI ®, and the PICMG ® and CompactPCI ® logos are registered trademarks of the PCI Industrial Computers Manufacturers Group.All other brand or product names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.P r o p e r t y o f M o t o r o l aF orI nternalUseO nl y-Ext ernalD is tr ibutionPr ohibi te d CompactPCI ® Core Specification PICMG 2.0 R3.0 10/1/99iii Contents1OVERVIEW.........................................................................................................................................91.1C OMPACT PCI O BJECTIVES ................................................................................................................91.2B ACKGROUND AND T ERMINOLOGY ....................................................................................................91.3D ESIRED A UDIENCE ...........................................................................................................................91.4C OMPACT PCI F EATURES .................................................................................................................101.5A PPLICABLE D OCUMENTS ................................................................................................................101.6A DMINISTRATION .............................................................................................................................111.7N AME A ND L OGO U SAGE .................................................................................................................112FEATURE SET..................................................................................................................................132.1F ORM F ACTOR .................................................................................................................................132.2C ONNECTOR .....................................................................................................................................152.3M ODULARITY ...................................................................................................................................162.4H OT S WAP C APABILITY ....................................................................................................................163ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS..................................................................................................173.1B OARD D ESIGN R ULES .....................................................................................................................173.1.1Decoupling Requirements......................................................................................................173.1.2CompactPCI Signal Additions...............................................................................................183.1.3CompactPCI Stub Termination..............................................................................................183.1.4Peripheral Board Signal Stub Length ...................................................................................183.1.5Characteristic Impedance......................................................................................................193.1.6System Slot Board Signal Stub Length ..................................................................................193.1.7Peripheral Board PCI Clock Signal Length..........................................................................193.1.8Pull-Up Location...................................................................................................................193.1.9Board Connector Shield Requirements.................................................................................203.2B ACKPLANE D ESIGN R ULES .............................................................................................................213.2.1Characteristic Impedance......................................................................................................213.2.2Eight-Slot Backplane Termination........................................................................................213.2.3Signaling Environment..........................................................................................................223.2.4IDSEL Assignment.................................................................................................................223.2.5REQ#/GNT# Assignment.......................................................................................................233.2.6PCI Interrupt Binding............................................................................................................243.2.7CompactPCI Signal Additions...............................................................................................253.2.8Power Distribution................................................................................................................283.2.9Power Decoupling.................................................................................................................293.2.10Healthy (Healthy#)................................................................................................................303.333 MH Z PCI C LOCK D ISTRIBUTION .................................................................................................303.3.1Backplane Clock Routing Design Rules................................................................................313.3.2System Slot Board Clock Routing Design Rules....................................................................313.464-B IT D ESIGN R ULES ......................................................................................................................313.566 MH Z E LECTRICAL R EQUIREMENTS .............................................................................................333.5.166 MHz Board Design Rules.................................................................................................333.5.266 MHz System Board Design Rules.....................................................................................343.5.366MHz Backplane Design Rules...........................................................................................343.5.466MHz PCI Clock Distribution.............................................................................................343.5.566 MHz System Slot Board Clock Routing Design Rules (35)3.5.666 MHz Hot Swap (35)3.6S YSTEM AND B OARD G ROUNDING (36)3.6.1Board Front Panel Grounding Requirements (36)3.6.2Backplane Grounding Requirements (36)3.7C OMPACT PCI B UFFER M ODELS (36)P r o p e r t y o f M o t o r o l aF orI nternalUseO nl y-Ext ernalD is tr ibutionPr ohibi te d PICMG 2.0 R3.0 10/1/99iv 4MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS................................................................................................374.1B OARD R EQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................................................374.1.13U Boards..............................................................................................................................374.1.26U Boards..............................................................................................................................374.1.3Rear-panel I/O Boards..........................................................................................................374.1.4ESD Discharge Strip.............................................................................................................384.1.5ESD Clip................................................................................................................................384.1.6Cross Sectional View.............................................................................................................394.1.7Component Outline and Warpage.........................................................................................394.1.8Solder Side Cover..................................................................................................................394.1.9Front Panels..........................................................................................................................484.1.10System Slot Identification......................................................................................................494.2R EAR -P ANEL I/O B OARD R EQUIREMENTS .......................................................................................524.2.1Mechanicals...........................................................................................................................524.2.2Power.....................................................................................................................................524.2.3Rear Panel Keying.................................................................................................................534.3B ACKPLANE R EQUIREMENTS ...........................................................................................................534.3.1Connector Orientation...........................................................................................................534.3.2Slot Spacing...........................................................................................................................534.3.3Slot Designation....................................................................................................................544.3.4Bus Segments.........................................................................................................................544.3.5Backplane Dimensions..........................................................................................................545CONNECTOR IMPLEMENTATION.............................................................................................585.1O VERVIEW .......................................................................................................................................585.1.1Location.................................................................................................................................585.1.2Housing Types.......................................................................................................................595.1.3Connector Tail Lengths.........................................................................................................595.1.4Backplane / Board Population Options.................................................................................595.2J1 (32-B IT PCI S IGNALS ).................................................................................................................595.3J2 C ONNECTOR ................................................................................................................................605.3.1Peripheral Slot 64-Bit PCI....................................................................................................605.3.2Peripheral Slot Rear-Panel I/O.............................................................................................605.3.3System Slot 64-bit PCI...........................................................................................................605.3.4System Slot Rear-Panel I/O...................................................................................................605.4B USSED R ESERVED P INS ..................................................................................................................605.5N ON -B USSED R ESERVED P INS .........................................................................................................605.6P OWER P INS .....................................................................................................................................605.75V/3.3V PCI K EYING ......................................................................................................................615.8P IN A SSIGNMENTS PACTPCI BUFFER MODELS...............................................................................................69B.CONNECTOR IMPLEMENTATION.............................................................................................73B.1G ENERAL .........................................................................................................................................73B.2C ONNECTORS ...................................................................................................................................73B.3A LIGNMENT .....................................................................................................................................73B.3.1Front Plug-In Board Alignment............................................................................................73B.3.2Rear Panel I/O Board Alignment..........................................................................................74B.3.3Backward Compatibility for Rear Panel I/O Boards. (74)P r o p e r t y o f M o t o r o l aF orI nternalUseO nl y-Ext ernalD is tr ibutionPr ohibi te d CompactPCI ® Core Specification PICMG 2.0 R3.0 10/1/99v TablesT ABLE 1. C ODING K EY C OLOR A SSIGNMENTS ..............................................................................................15T ABLE 2. B OARD D ECOUPLING R EQUIREMENTS ...........................................................................................17T ABLE 3. S TUB T ERMINATION R ESISTOR ......................................................................................................18T ABLE 4. B OARD C HARACTERISTICS .............................................................................................................19T ABLE 5. P ULL -UP R ESISTOR V ALUES ...........................................................................................................20T ABLE 6. B ACKPLANE C HARACTERISTICS .....................................................................................................21T ABLE 7. S YSTEM TO L OGICAL S LOT S IGNAL A SSIGNMENTS ........................................................................23T ABLE 8. S YSTEM TO L OGICAL S LOT I NTERRUPT A SSIGNMENTS ..................................................................24T ABLE 9. P HYSICAL S LOT A DDRESSES ..........................................................................................................27T ABLE 10. P OWER S PECIFICATIONS ...............................................................................................................28T ABLE 11. B ACKPLANE D ECOUPLING R ECOMMENDATIONS ..........................................................................30T ABLE 12. C ODING K EY C OLOR A SSIGNMENTS AND P ART N UMBERS ...........................................................61T ABLE 13. C OMPACT PCI P ERIPHERAL S LOT 64-B IT C ONNECTOR P IN A SSIGNMENTS ...................................62T ABLE 14 C OMPACT PCI P ERIPHERAL S LOT R EAR -P ANEL I/O C ONNECTOR P IN A SSIGNMENTS ....................63T ABLE 15. C OMPACT PCI S YSTEM S LOT 64-BIT C ONNECTOR P IN A SSIGNMENT .............................................64T ABLE 16. C OMPACT PCI S YSTEM S LOT R EAR -P ANEL I/O C ONNECTOR P IN A SSIGNMENTS ..........................65T ABLE 17. R EVISION H ISTORY . (67)P r o p e r t y o f M o t o r o l a F o r I n t e r n a l U s e O n l y - E x t e r n a l D i s t r i b u t i o n P r o h i b i t e d PICMG 2.0 R3.0 10/1/99vi This page is left intentionally blank.P r o p e r t y o f M o t o r o l aF orI nternalUseO nl y-Ext ernalD is tr ibutionPr ohibi te d CompactPCI ® Core Specification PICMG 2.0 R3.0 10/1/99vii IllustrationsF IGURE 1. 3U 64-B IT C OMPACT PCI F ORM F ACTOR ......................................................................................13F IGURE 2. 3U C OMPACT PCI B ACKPLANE E XAMPLE .....................................................................................14F IGURE 3. PCI S IGNAL T ERMINATION ...........................................................................................................22F IGURE 4. L OCAL 64 B IT I NITIALIZATION ......................................................................................................33F IGURE 5. ESD C LIP L OCATION ....................................................................................................................39F IGURE 6. 3U B OARD ....................................................................................................................................40F IGURE 7. 6U B OARD ....................................................................................................................................41F IGURE 8. F RONT S IDE B OARD ESD D IMENSIONS .........................................................................................42F IGURE 9. 3U R EAR -P ANEL I/O B OARD D IMENSIONS ...................................................................................43F IGURE 10. 6U R EAR P ANEL I/O B OARD D IMENSIONS ..................................................................................44F IGURE 11. R EAR P ANEL I/O ESD D IMENSIONS ...........................................................................................45F IGURE 12. C ROSS S ECTIONAL B OARD , C ONNECTOR , B ACKPLANE AND F RONT P ANEL V IEW ......................46F IGURE 13. C OMPONENT O UTLINE ................................................................................................................47F IGURE 15. C OMPACT PCI C OMPATIBILITY G LYPHS ......................................................................................48F IGURE 16. C OMPACT PCI L OGO ...................................................................................................................48F IGURE 17. 3U EMC F RONT P ANEL ..............................................................................................................50F IGURE 18. 6U EMC F RONT P ANEL ..............................................................................................................51F IGURE 19. 3U B ACKPLANE E XAMPLE - F RONT V IEW ..................................................................................53F IGURE 20. 3U B ACKPLANE D IMENSIONS .....................................................................................................56F IGURE 21. 6U B ACKPLANE D IMENSIONS .....................................................................................................57F IGURE 22. 3U C ONNECTOR I MPLEMENTATION ............................................................................................58F IGURE 23. 6U C ONNECTOR I MPLEMENTATION ............................................................................................58F IGURE 24. 5V S TRONG PCI M ODEL ............................................................................................................69F IGURE 25. 5V W EAK PCI M ODEL ...............................................................................................................70F IGURE 26. 3.3V S TRONG PCI M ODEL .........................................................................................................70F IGURE 27. 3.3V W EAK PCI M ODEL (71)P r o p e r t y o f M o t o r o l aF orI nternalUseO nl y-Ext ernalD is tr ibutionPr ohibi te d PICMG 2.0 R3.0 10/1/99viii This page is left intentionally blank.P r o p e r t y o f M o t o r o l aF orI nternalUseO nl y-Ext ernalD is tr ibutionPr ohibi te d 1. Overview CompactPCI ® Core Specification PICMG 2.0 R3.0 10/1/99Page 9 of 741 Overview 1.1 CompactPCI Objectives CompactPCI is an adaptation of the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)Specification 2.1 or later for industrial and/or embedded applications requiring a more robust mechanical form factor than desktop PCI. CompactPCI uses industry standard mechanical components and high performance connector technologies to provide an optimized system intended for rugged applications. CompactPCI provides a system that is electrically compatible with the PCI Specification, allowing low cost PCI components to be utilized in a mechanical form factor suited for rugged pactPCI is an open specification supported by the PICMG (PCI Industrial Co m-puter Manufacturers Group), which is a consortium of companies involved in utiliz-ing PCI for embedded applications. PICMG controls this specification.1.2 Background and Terminology Eurocard - A series of mechanical board form factor sizes for rack-based systems as used in VME, Multibus II, and other applications defined by the Institute of Electri-cal and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and International Electrotechnical Committee (IEC).ISA - Industry Standard Architecture. A specification by which Personal Com puters (PCs) add boards.PCI - Peripheral Component Interconnect. A specification for defining a common in-terconnect between logic components. Typically used for interconnecting high-speed,PC-compatible chipset components. The PCI specification is issued through the PCI Special Interest Group (PCI SIG).This specification utilizes several key words, which are defined below:may : A key word indicating flexibility of choice with no implied preference.shall : A key word indicating a mandatory requirement. Designers shall im-plement such mandatory requirements to ensure interchangeability and to claim conformance with the specification.should: A key word indicating flexibility of choice with a strongly preferred implementation.1.3 Desired AudienceCompactPCI exists to provide a standard form factor for those applications requiring the high performance of PCI as well as the small size and ruggedness of a rack mount system. CompactPCI provides a mechanism for OEM and end users to di-rectly apply PCI components and technology to a new mechanical form factor while。

西门子技术问题总汇

文档标题
如何设置模拟量输入模板 SM 431-7KF00的温度补偿？如何解决 SIMATIC BATCH 的 IL43基本设备上 hotfix 安装的问题？如果通过 PCS7 V6.1 SP1 DVD 单独安装 SIMATIC BATCH Report 需要注意哪些设置？为什么冗余模拟量输出模块的每个通道只有一半电流输出？使用WinCC/Web Navigator V6.1 SP1需要什么样的操作系统和软件？是否 COM PROFIBUS 可以使用所有版本的 GSD 文件？如何在 WinCC flexible 中组态与S7 控制器的 Profinet 连接? 如何在操作面板上设定定时器时间，同时如何输出定时器的剩余时间？数据块初始值与实际值的含义如何通过窗口对象滚动条步进调节过程值参数？使用 SINAUT ST7 向电子邮箱接受方发送文本信息 SMS 需要做何设置？可以使用CPU317-2PN/DP替代在iMap中组态的CPU315-2PN/DP吗? 什么情况下插入C-PLUG卡或者C-PLUG有什么作用? 通过一台PC，可以使用哪种方式访问与IWLAN/PB link PNIO或IE/PB link PNIO连接的PROFIBUS设备? 当在SINAUT网络中使用4线变压器应该注意哪些设置？在 SINAUT 网络中，使用MD3拨号调制解调器作为专线调制解调器时，要进行哪些设置？如何安装 DCF77 天线, 当选择 DCF77 天线时需要注意什么？使用SINAUT ST7向传真机发送文本信息时，需要进行哪些设置？在 SINAUT 项目中发送短消息必须进行哪些特殊服务的设置? 如何在S7-300 PN CPU和CP343-1之间建立一个open TCP 通讯连接，以及如何进行数据交换？如何在两个S7-300 PN CPU之间建立一个open TCP 通讯连接，以及如何进行数据交换？哪些控制系统可以成功与SINAUT ST7一起使用? 使用“零－Modem”电缆连接 TIM 模块应该注意什么？当用 SINAUT 诊断工具的ST1协议进行诊断时，为什么TIM的状态不能显示？ TIM 3V-IE 和 TIM 3V-IE Advanced 模块在以太网上通信时使用哪个端口号？如何对没有接入网络的S7-200CPU编程？掉电后，LOGO！的程序会丢失吗？从 PCS7 V6.1 起，为什么没有分配任何 hierarchy (PH) 的测量点(变量)通过编译不能在OS中自动创建相应的变量？在SFC中，如何实现从一个 Sequencer 跳出后回到另一个 Sequencer 的某个固定位置并继续执行？如何实现过程变量的平均值归档？存储文件的目标路径和备份可选路径有何作用？ WinCC变量归档中如何实现采集周期小于500ms的变量归档？为什么在 OS 上会显示如下信息“时间跳变通知－永久切换为从站模式”? 在西门子A&D产品支持网站是否可以下载关于ET200M的手册？在S7-400上怎样安装冗余电源？ UDT改变后怎样更新使用UDT产生的数据块。为什么在FB块中使用OUT变量赋值被调用FB块的IN变量时出现错误信息34：4469？如何查看4-mation导入-导出错误不能正确引导8212-1QU IBM/Lenovo M52 ThinkCentre 实时趋势更新缓慢的原因如何保存变量名字典CSV文件的格式

24-form simplified Tai Chi Chuan

24-form tai chi chuanMovementsmencing (Qǐshì), Preparation, Beginning2.Part the Wild Horse's Mane (Yémǎ Fēnzōng)3.White Crane Spreads Its Wings (Báihè Lìangchì), Stork/Crane Cools Its Wings4.Brush Knee and Step Forward (Lōuxī Àobù), Brush Knee and Twist Step5.Playing the Lute (Shǒuhūi Pípā), Strum the Lute, Play Guitar6.Reverse Reeling Forearm (Daojuan Gong), Step Back and Drive Monkey Away7.Left Grasp Sparrow's Tail (Zuo Lan Quewei), Grasp the Bird's Tail1.Ward Off (Peng)2.Rollback (Lu)3.Press (Ji)4.Push (An)8.Right Grasp Sparrow's Tail (You Lan Quewei)9.Single Whip (Danbian)10.W ave Hands Like Clouds (Yunshou), Cloud Hands, Cloud Built Hands, WaveHands in Clouds11.S ingle Whip (Danbian)12.H igh Pat on Horse (Gao Tan Ma), Step Up to Examine Horse13.R ight Heel Kick (You Dengjiao), Separate Right Foot, Kick with Right Foot14.S trike to Ears with Both Fists (Shuangfeng Guaner)15.T urn Body and Left Heel Kick (Zhuanshen Zuo Dengjiao)16.L eft Lower Body and Stand on One Leg (Zuo Xiashi Duli)1.Single Whip Squatting Down, Snake Creeps Down,2.Golden Rooster Stands on One Leg, Golden Bird Standing Alone17.R ight Lower Body and Bird Stand on One Leg (You Xiashi Duli)18.S huttle Back and Forth (Yunu Chuansuo), Fair Lady Works with Shuttles,(Walking Wood), Four Corners19.N eedle at Sea Bottom (Haidi Zhen)20.F an Through Back (Shan Tong Bei), Fan Penetrates Back21.T urn Body, Deflect, Parry, and Punch (Zhuanshen Banlanchui)22.A ppears Closed (Rufeng Sibi), Withdraw and Push, as if Closing a Door23.C ross Hands (Shizishou)Closing (Shoushi)Tai Chi 24 Form Tutorial.Yang family Tai Chi. IntroductionTai Chi is a higher level of Qigong, a moving meditation technique. It may look easy, but there are many layers in it, and behind the outside simplicity you will find the infinite inner complexity. That is why this style took over the world - it offers you a lot, much more than one can possibly achieve in a lifetime.Tai Chi (Tai Tzi) means "the great limit". Tsuan means "fist". The fist of the great limit. The "limit" is a metaphor here, as many other things in Chinese philosophy, there is no limit, but only our quest for it.Here you will learn Tai Chi Meditation technique of the style Yang, called after the master Yang Lu Chan.What you will get? The inner balance. It seems like a small thing, however it does change people's life to the best. First of all, Tai Chi improves people's health, both mental and physical (read the disclaimer, and contact your family doctor, if in doubts).There is a saying, that the "thought is real", meaning that whatever you think can become true. This is not quite right. The thought is real, if it is the ONLY thought, if we focus on it, fully. Most people cannot do it, as there is always some "mental noise" present in their heads. Qigong and Tai Chi can help you to "empty" your head. Then you need to just tell yourself, what you need - and your body will respond.Tai Chi helps us to gain control over our emotions. The "normal" person, when trapped in the negative emotion - stays there. A Tai Chi (Qigong) person is always aware of his / her state, and can change it, any moment. I don't think I have to tell about the influence our negative emotions have on our health - it is well known.Tai Chi is not only the self-healing and meditative technique - Tai Chi Martial Art is among the most powerfull combat techniques. However, the first step is still to learn to control the energy flow in your body, the "chi". Without "chi" it will be just the wrestling. You should not expect to learn to fight after you learn the "24 forms", as it is not intended as a self-defense technique, however, it will help you a lot, if you continue studying the "inner" styles of kung fu. Please read the disclaimerLearning Tai Chi MeditationOne disadvantage the book has, when you compare it to the live class is the fact, that in the class the teacher can repeat the "rules" many times. Like "keep your back straight". In the book I can only do it here and there, otherwise the book will be too long. Nevertheless, there is a reason teachers repeat these rules, and the reason is - the students, especially the beginners, break these rules EVERY time they can. This was your fair warning. Learn the "rules", or find some other name for what you are doing, as it is not going to be "Tai Chi".Chinese Pressure PointsIn the text, I am referring to some Chinese Pressure Points located on the energy meridians.Tai Chi 24 Form: SampleDan TjansIn Tai Chi, you will find references to 3 so called dan tjans: the lower dan tjan, the middle dan tjan and the upper dan tjan.The lower dan tjan is located 4 fingers (meaning - width of your fingers, not length) below the belly button, more or less at the central plane of your body. On the surface, below the belly button, it is represented by the point called tsi hai (the list of important points can be found at the web site).This dan tjan is the most important in Tai Chi and Qigong, most of our work has at least something to do with "awakening" it and bringing energy into it. The middle dan tjan is located at the middle line of the body, at the level of the heart.The upper dan tjan is located between eyes and about 2 inches in.In Qigong, we work a lot with middle and upper dan tjans, but here, in Tai Chi 24 Form we will only mention them for geometrical references, as "bring your hands up at the level of your middle dan tjan".Tai Chi Postures and Tai Chi StepsBefore we begin with Tai Chi 24 Form, we need to learn how to walk. This is very important, and if you do it wrong, then your Tai Chi will be no more than aerobics, and a very slow one, too. In this chapter we are going to learn Tai Chi Postures, that appear as the final positions between steps. In the next chapter we will take a look at the Tai Chi Steps, and in the "Rules and restrictions" chapter we will learn some more rules, that you should apply, while doing Tai Chi Meditation."Working depth".In Tai Chi, we can not walk on the straight legs. So we bend our knees.After you have bent your knees to bring your center of gravity to the "comfortable" depth, you are going to walk WITHOUT jumping up and down, your center of gravity should (almost, there are few exceptions) always move parallel to the ground.Your back should always (again almost always, there are exceptions) be straight, and your coccyx should be turned forward (no exceptions here).I am going to repeat this one in "rules" chapter below, but nevertheless: the knee is ALWAYS on top of the toes of the fully loaded foot (one that has 100 % weight on it). Not to the side, and especially not inside.Din booPronounced "din boo", as in "book".The 100 % of weight is on the back foot. In the "classical" din boo, the back foot should be at 45 degrees to the direction your body faces. By the "body" we mean hips, as all moves in Tai Chi are done "from hips", or (which is just another way of looking at it) from the lower dan tjan.The front foot should point the same way your hips are facing. This is one of the most important rules (see "Rules and restrictions" chapter), when the foot is "empty" (no weight on it), it is always pointing the same direction with the hips. You turn your hips, the empty foot turns, in the same time.The front foot touches the ground with the base of the toes only, the heel is up. If you draw the line from the heel of the back foot to the base of the toes of the front foot, you will find, that this line going the same way hips are facing.The front foot can be away from the back foot, or it can be near the middle of the inner edge of it - there are some fine distinctions and terminology to use, but for our purposes it is the same din bu position.Sui booIn the previous position, the heel of the back foot and the base of the toes of the front foot were on the same line.In this position, the front foot is shifted outside a little bit. If you move your front foot back in din bu position, it will meet the back foot, the middle of the outer edge of its sole. If you move your front foot back in sui boo, the heel of the front foot will pass the heel of the back foot, at a very close (perhaps, a 1 millimeter) distance.Ma booA "sideways" position. Weight is equally distributed between both feet. As we cannot say which foot is "empty", there is no restriction on the way your toes are pointing, it is possible to turn them to the sides a little. However, if you can, keep your feet parallel.You don't have to go down very deep, though, if you can, make it low, with your thighs parallel to the floor. Most people cannot do it - if they do it right, and it is OK.By "do it right" I mean: a) back is straight and coccyx turned forward. If you turn it back, your low back will have the S-shape, and this is where your Tai Chi Meditation progress stops. b) Knees on top of toes.Gun booPronounced "goon boo", as in "book".The weight is 70 % on the front foot, 30 % on the back foot. The knee of the front foot on top of the toes (it means - if you project it down, the projection will go there). The back is straight, no bending. The hips are turned in the same direction the toes of the front foot are. The back foot is almost parallel to the front foot (it is just a little bit turned outside). If you draw two parallel lines on the floor, and project the center of gravity on the floor, too, then it will be in the middle, between these lines, NOT closer to the line, that was drawn through the front foot.StepsThe main idea of Tai Chi is to follow the dao, where In turns into Yan, and Yan turns into In. The leg, that has weight on it is tense, it is "Yan". The "empty" leg is "In". We walk in such a way, that In and Yan are constantly changing places, allowing your legs to do a lot of work, without getting tired.So make sure, when you have the "empty" foot, that it is relaxed as much as possible.Hands, on the other way, should always be relaxed.Tai Chi Steps: Step forwardBend your knees at the "working depth". Bring your hands a little bit to the side (about the width of the shoulders), in front of you. The angle between your hands and the plane where your back is should be 30 degrees. Palms down.Hands should be "floating", as if they weight nothing, wrists should be straight. Elbows (it is one of the "rules") should not be pointing to the sides, instead, they should hung down, relaxed.Move your weight on the left foot. Do an "empty step" forward and a little bit to the side with your right foot. The heel goes down first.This is VERY important point, so let's talk about it in details. In Tai Chi 24 Form (see below, in "rules"), only the empty foot can move (there are exceptions, every time it happens, I will explicitly warn you). So before we do a step, we need to move all our weight to the other foot. ALL of it.This is not the way people walk on the street, they bring their foot in the air in front of them, and then fall on it. In Tai Chi, it is called "double weight" and is strictly prohibited. There is a martial explanation for it - when you are "falling", you are off balance, and your opponent will use it to his advantage.So, we need to bring our foot forward, and to put it on the ground BEFORE we begin shifting the weight. Which means, that the length of our steps depends on how deep down we brought our center of gravity, when we were choosing the "comfortable depth". Of course, one can sit down, do a step, and then go up... In Tai Chi is called "jumping up and down" and is illegal, too. From the martial arts perspective, when you "jump up", your balance is compromised, when you "jump down", your ability to move is limited.As for the "energy" point of view, if your center of gravity jumps up and down, the In does not turn into Yan, when you change legs, so your "dynamic meditation" is compromised, too.After you have brought an empty foot forward, move your weight on it. To do it, first straighten your left knee, while bending the right knee. When you did it, bring your left heel up, and only after that, lift your left foot.Note, that as our empty foot should always point same way hips are facing, we can step forward and to the side, but the toes should still point forward.As before, we should avoid the double weight. It means, that we should transfer the weight smoothly, and should NOT push with the back foot, to move few more inches forward (if you have to push against the ground with your back foot, in order to lift it, it means that your step was too wide).Note, that you go forward with your lower dan tjan, keeping your back straight, and your coccyx turned forward.Finally, bring the left foot towards the right foot. From this position you can do another empty step - with the left foot, so do not put it down.Tai Chi Steps: Step backThis is the opposite to the step forward, except the foot goes back, not back and to the side.In traditional form hands are at 90 degrees, at the level of the shoulders, palms up.Move your weight on the left foot. Keep the back straight.Do an empty step back. When the foot touches the ground, the leg is almost straight. "Almost" means, that the knee should still be slightly bent. However, if we put the foot down on the base of the toes, heel up, then how are we going to move our weight back? The knee is already straight, and we are not allowed to fall on the back foot...To solve this problem, bend the ankle, so that the foot goes down with its sole (actually, you should try to move it heel down, though of course, it is not possible).Move your weight to the back foot. Do not bend, move back with your min man point.Bring your front foot towards the back foot. To do it, first bring up the heel, then the toes.Tai Chi Steps: Step with turnLet's say, you want to do a step East. Then the initial position will be facing North-East.Bend your knees, bringing your center of gravity at the "comfortable depth". Move your weight on the right foot.Turn your hips (and of course, the left, "empty" foot will turn the same direction) 45 degrees to the left (East).Do an empty step with your left foot. The direction of the step should be forward and left, at 45 degrees to the direction of the step (we face East, we step South-East). However, as we (our hips) are facing East, so does our left foot, so it steps a bit sideways. The heel goes down, the sole is still up.Move 70 % of your weight on the front (left) foot. When most of your weight is on the front foot, the "foot faces the same way hips face" rule applies to the back (right) foot. So we need to turn it, so it is pointing forward (or almost forward, as we still have some weight on it). To turn the foot, move the heel outside, rotating the foot around the iun tsuan point.At the end, we are in the gun bu position.To do the next step, we need to move our weight (100 % of it) back on the right foot, and to turn hips 45 degrees left (South-East). The front (left) foot goes toes up (not vertical, they just go up a little), and turns together with hips.Keep in mind, that the rule "knee on top of the loaded foot" still applies.Move your weight forward, on the front (left) foot, and bring the right foot into the din boo position, so that it is near the middle of the inner edge of the left foot. You should be facing South-East now.You are in the initial position for the next step. To do it, turn right 45 degrees, do an empty step and so on.Tai Chi 24 Form. 1. Initial form.Facing North.Initial position: heels together, toes together, knees straight, but not locked (just slightly bent). Palms are turned towards the body, touching the sides of the thighs.In this position, enter the "Qigong state", the state of a complete mental relaxation, with no thoughts. Feel your body growing, and dissolving. Of course, at the beginning you will just pretend to be relaxed, later this state will become natural for you."Pull" your body together again, moving your attention and your weight to your right side, at the end, 100 percent of your weight should be on your right foot.Step to the left with your left foot, but keep your weight on the right foot. As your right knee remains straight, the only way to do it is by putting the left foot on its toes. First, the thumb of the left foot touches the ground, then the second toe (pointing finger), the third, and so on. In the same time, begin shifting your weight to the left.After all toes are on the ground, keep moving your weight to the left, so that the outer edge of the left foot gets in touch with the ground, first its front part, then the middle, then the outer side of the heel.At the end, your weight should be distributed equally between left and right feet.By moving your weight from the thumb, by the circle to the heel, you are creating the initial "spin", as all tai chi movements are based in thenever-ending circles. This same circular motion creates the initial spin in your lower dan tjan (feel it, or at least keep your attention there).Also notice, that the point in the middle of your foot (lao gun, see the list of points at the web site) should not be pressed against the ground, it is very close, but if you take a strip of paper, you should be able to push it under your foot, from inside. That means, that the weight is more on the outer edge of the foot, then on the inner side.After the weight is on both feet, we need to turn our palms so that they face backwards. To do it, first, lift your baby finger from the surface of your thigh, as if it "knows" where the palm will be, and is going there. Then lift the ring finger, and so on, every time turning the palm, too. The last, thumb is turning. Note, that all that was said at the web site about the way your palms should be in Qigong, applies to Tai Chi as well. The fingers should be straight, forming a line (not an arch) with the palm. There should be an arch between the thumb and the pointing finger (not a sharp angle), and there should be an arch between the thumb and a baby finger (which means the thumb should not be in the same plane where the palm is).Imagine, that your hands are very (infinitely) long, that they go down in the ground. Keep your attention at the points dzjan dzi at your shoulders, making sure the shoulders are relaxed and down.Bring your hands up-forward to the shoulder level, keeping the feeling that they are very long. Then (do not think of long hands anymore) bend your hands slightly, and allow your hands to go down, until the angle between them and your body is about 30 degrees. All this time your palms should be parallel to the ground.While bringing hands down, bend your knees, so that you sit down to the "working" depth (Chi Shi). The "working" depth is personal for everyone. Generally speaking, the deeper you sit, the better, but most people cannot do that AND in the same time to follow multiple rules and restrictions (that we aregoing to discuss). The way it is shown at the picture is fine for an average Tai Chi student.With your weight still on two feet, turn 45 degrees left, and move your hands a little bit to the sides, as if you are expanding. This feeling of "pushing out" is called KHAI.Move your weight to the right foot, in the same time bring your right hand up, and turn your left palm up, as if you are holding the large ball. The right palm should be at the level of your shoulder, and in terms of its horizontal position, somewhere at the level of your right nipple. The left hand should be at the level of the belly button, almost under the right palm.Note, that the elbows are almost straight, this is a general rule in Tai Chi - hands should be "long".In the same time, bring your left foot to the middle of the right foot. The left foot should touch the ground with the base of the toes (heel up), and (see the rules and restriction chapter, "coordinations") it should point in the same direction your hips and face are facing.At this point your right foot, left foot, hips and face are facing the North-West. At this point, the "separation of In and Yan" begins. From your perspective, it means few more restrictions (see below the discussion about a double weight).Tai Chi: Rules and restrictions.Keep your back straight.Sometimes you will have to bend forward, either because you are not flexible enough, or because the exercise requires so, but even then, do not move up your coccyx. Always have it turned forward, just a little. As the other part of thisrestriction, the shoulders should not go down. If you bend forward, do it with flat back, keeping your coccyx forward (which means, your low back will be stretched).The reason for this rule have a lot to do with the idea, that energy channels on your back should be straight. Bringing your coccyx back will create an extra curve in your low back, and the energy flow will stop (or will never start).Relax your shouldersKeep your shoulders relaxed and down. Always, except when explicitly told otherwise. The attention should be always paid to the dzjan dzi points, they should not go up.As was explained at the web site, the result of this rule is the "30 degrees" rule. Your hands should not be in the same plane with your back. Instead, they should go only as far as 30 degreed to this plane (except when explicitly told otherwise). If we bring our hands in the same plane with our back (down, up, or to the sides, does not matter), our shoulders automatically go up, which is wrong.Knee above the footThis rule applies when your weight is on the foot. The knee should be on top of your foot, and not to the side (especially, not inside). Tai Chi is known for healing the knee problems, but if you do not follow this rule, you may as well create ones.Do not look downThere is nothing there to look at. Look forward, at the direction of the exercise.Coordinations1. Hip and foot.Your "empty" foot (one that have no or almost no weight on it) should always point in the same direction where hips face.2. Elbow - knee.The way we move our elbows is coordinated with our knees.3. Palm and foot.The palm and foot are moving in synch.Coordinations will be explained in details when we describe corresponding exercises.Empty foot movesIn some Qigong forms we do have situations, when you move the "loaded" foot, one that has weight on it. In "24 forms" we do not have it, except for the first and the last forms, that are "transitional" entry and exit forms. In all other forms, you need to move the weight off the foot before you can move it.There should be no "double weight"A direct result of the previous rule. If we move the foot (which means it is not on the ground at the moment) it should be empty. No double weight.Keep the center of gravity steadyWhen walking, do not jump up and down.Long hands, straight wristsIn Tai Chi you will find, that elbows are generally less bent, than you would expect, if you had some prior martial arts experience. Thet is due to the fact, that the "energy" is moving better through the (almost) straight hands.Due to the same reason, you will almost newer bend the wrists, except for the very little angles up or down, or sideways. However, when you push, your lao goon points go forward, which is done by combining the angle at the elbow and wrist.There are no stopsIn some Tai Chi styles there are stops, but even there the chi keeps moving. In Tai Chi Chen style there are no stops. The motions are smoothly flowing into each other.Elbows downElbows should always be "hanging" down. From the martial point of view, the "elbow to the side" is an invitation for an opponent to either kick you in the armpit, or to break your shoulder.From the "energy" point of view, the "elbow to the side" means, that your shoulders are tense.Tai Chi 24 Form: 2. Part horse's mane.From the martial point of view, this is a "splitting block", it "splits" the opponent's attack ("le" in Chinese).So far, we ended up facing North-West. Keeping your right foot where it was, with 100 % of the weight on it, turn your hips (and of course, your "empty" left foot turns on the spot, as it is synchronized with your hips) West.Step with your empty left foot forward and left, at 45 degrees to the direction of the motion (which is West). Put is on the heel, toes up-forward.Here we need to discuss an important implication of the rule "only empty foot can move". If we walk with our knees straight, we will not be able to do a step and to keep the foot empty in the same time! Most people most of the time are walking by raising the foot and then by "falling" on it. It can not be done in Tai Chi, because we will get the "double weight".So we bend our knees, and keep our center of gravity at the same level, as we move.First, we do an "empty step", keeping ALL our weight on the back (in this case - right) foot. We need to end up with our feet at the width of our shoulders, and not on the straight line, so we step forward and to the side (at 45 degrees).Note, that before we stepped, we turned at the right foot. It is very important to realize, that the right foot is now pointing North-West (as it didn't move), and our hips are pointing West. It is not a violation, as the right foot is not "empty".However, when we step forward and to the side with our left foot, we MUST keep it pointing the same direction our hips point, which means, we step at 45 degrees forward and to the left, BUT our foot is pointing West, and notSouth-West.Simultaneously with this empty step, move your right wrist inside (to the left) down and then outside, while your left wrist should move inside, up and outside. At the end, the right wrist should be on top of the left wrist, almost touching it, the angle between wrists is almost 90 degrees.Note that the hands are "long" (do not bend elbows) during the entire form.Move your weight t the left foot. When you do it, the left knee will bend, to end up on top of the end of the left foot. Note: in some martial arts, like in Karate, the knee can not go that far, but in Tai Chi the rules are a bit different.In the same time, your hands should continue moving the same arches they was going, so that the right hand ends up forward and down, slightly wider then the width of shoulders, palm down, while the left hand ends up pointing forward and up, slightly wider then the width of shoulders.As you move your weight forward, your back (right) foot becomes "empty". Move the heel outside, so that the foot spins counter clockwise around the iun tsuan point, until it is almost parallel to the left foot (almost pointing west).。

Pcsc4Final

Interoperability Specification for ICCs and Personal Computer Systems Part 4. IFD Design Considerations and Reference Design Information
December 1997
Windows and Windows NT are trademarks and Microsoft and Win32 are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. PS/2 is a registered trademark of IBM Corporation. JAVA is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. All other product names are trademarks, registered trademarks, or servicemarks of their respective owners.
Interoperability Specification for ICCs and Personal Computer Systems Part 4. IFD Design Considerations and Reference Design Information
December 1997
1.
1.1
Scope
General Purpose of this Document
This document discusses design information for IFD devices compliant with the Interoperability Specification for ICCs and Personal Computer Systems. An ICC Reader Device (IFD), as depicted in Figure 1.1, is a hardware device that : • Provides an interface with the ICC, as described in Part 2 of this specification. • Communicates with the PC-Hosted IFD Handler software (described in Part 3 of this specification), through a given I/O channel. The purpose of this document is to present design information on several types of IFDs, and especially design information related to the I/O channel used by those IFDs to communicate with the PC.

828D简明调试手册_2019 4.8 SP4

第 2 章系统的连接 ............................................................................................................. 2-1 2.1 系统各部件的连接总图............................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 S120 书本型驱动与 828D 系统连接总图 .............................................................. 2-1 2.1.2 S120 Combi 一体型驱动与 828D 系统连接总图 .................................................... 2-2 2.2 部件说明.................................................................................................................. 2-3 2.2.1 SINUMERIK 828D PPU ...................................................................................... 2-3 2.2.2 输入输出模块 PP72/48D PN ............................................................................... 2-7 2.2.3 机床控制面板 MCP..........................................................................................2-10 2.2.4 编码器接口模块 SMC.......................................................................................2-13 2.2.5 DRIVE-CLiQ 集线器模块 DMC20.......................................................................2-13 2.2.6 驱动系统和伺服电机........................................................................................2-14 2.3 驱动器的连接 ..........................................................................................................2-19 2.3.1 SINAMICS S120 书本型驱动器的连接 ................................................................2-19 2.3.2 SINAMICS S120 Combi 驱动器的连接 ...............................................................2-21 2.4 系统通电.................................................................................................................2-23 2.4.1 通电前检查 ....................................................................................................2-23 2.4.2 第一次通电 ....................................................................................................2-24

华为安装和配置常用外购软件

AntiSpamming2850垃圾短信监控平台2850安装指南目录目录C 安装和配置常用外购软件......................................................................................................... C-1C.1 手动安装VCS ............................................................................................................................................................ C-1C.1.1 安装VCS 4.1 MP3 .......................................................................................................................................... C-1C.1.2 安装VCS 4.1 MP4 .......................................................................................................................................... C-7C.1.3 安装VCS 4.1MP4 RP3................................................................................................................................ C-13C.1.4 配置VCS......................................................................................................................................................... C-13C.2 自动安装VCS .......................................................................................................................................................... C-18C.2.1 USM安装顺序说明....................................................................................................................................... C-18C.2.2 登录USM服务器 ......................................................................................................................................... C-18C.2.3 添加软件源 ..................................................................................................................................................... C-19C.2.4 添加软件源许可证........................................................................................................................................ C-20C.2.5 定制安装模板................................................................................................................................................. C-21C.2.6 部署安装任务................................................................................................................................................. C-22C.2.7 安装后配置 ..................................................................................................................................................... C-23C.2.8 安装后检验 ..................................................................................................................................................... C-25C.2.9 卸载VCS......................................................................................................................................................... C-25C.3 安装数据库软件Agent........................................................................................................................................... C-26C.4 安装VCS客户端..................................................................................................................................................... C-26C.5 安装UltraPath for Linux......................................................................................................................................... C-26C.5.1 安装UltraPath for Linux应用程序 ........................................................................................................... C-27C.5.2 卸载UltraPath for Linux .............................................................................................................................. C-28C.6 安装DB2客户端......................................................................................................................错误！未定义书签。

SIMATICPCS系统概述

SIMATIC PCS系统概述1.SIMATIC PCS（Process Control System）是西门子公司开发的一款先进的工业自动化控制系统。

它采用最新的技术和先进的硬件设备，能够对各种生产过程进行全面的监控和控制。

SIMATIC PCS系统广泛应用于各个工业领域，如化工、能源、水处理、制药等。

2. 系统架构SIMATIC PCS系统由多个自主运行的模块组成，每个模块负责不同的功能。

以下是SIMATIC PCS系统的主要模块：2.1. I/O模块I/O模块用于与生产设备进行数据交换，它接收传感器和执行器的信号，并将其转化为数字信号。

通过I/O模块，SIMATIC PCS系统能够实时监测生产过程中的各种数据，并根据设定的逻辑进行相应的控制。

2.2. 控制器控制器是SIMATIC PCS系统的核心组件，它负责处理接收到的数据，并根据预设的算法进行控制。

控制器能够实现多个控制策略，如PID控制、模糊控制等。

2.3. 人机界面人机界面是SIMATIC PCS系统与操作人员交互的窗口，它提供了直观的图形界面，使操作人员能够对生产过程进行监控和控制。

人机界面还可以显示实时数据、生成报表和趋势图等。

2.4. 数据存储与管理数据存储与管理模块负责将系统收集到的数据进行存储和管理。

通过这个模块，用户可以对历史数据进行查询和分析，以便进行生产过程的优化和改进。

3. 功能特点3.1. 实时监控SIMATIC PCS系统能够实时监测生产过程中的各种数据，如温度、压力、流量等。

通过进行实时监控，操作人员可以及时发现并解决潜在的问题，保证生产过程的稳定和安全。

3.2. 自动控制SIMATIC PCS系统能够根据预设的控制算法自动对生产过程进行控制。

根据设定的控制策略，系统能够调整参数、控制执行器以及实现优化控制。

3.3. 数据分析SIMATIC PCS系统具备强大的数据分析功能，可以对收集到的数据进行统计和分析。

西门子过程控制系统 PCS 7 V7.0 SP1容错过程控制系统配置手册

商标
所有带有标记符号 ® 的都是西门子股份有限公司的注册商标。标签中的其他符号可能是一些其他商标，这是出于保护所有者权利的目地由第三方使用而特别标示的。
责任免除
我们已对印刷品中所述内容与硬件和软件的一致性作过检查。然而不排除存在偏差的可能性，因此我们不保证印刷品中所述内容与硬件和软件完全一致。印刷品中的数据都按规定经过检测，必要的修正值包含在下一版本中。
Siemens AG Automation and Drives Postfach 48 48 90327 NÜRNBERG 德国
A5E01235049-02 Ⓟ 07/2007
Copyright © Siemens AG 2007。本公司保留技术更改的权利
目录
1 2 前言 ........................................................................................................................................................... 7 容错的基本知识 ....................................................................................................................................... 11 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 3 为什么要使用容错过程控制系统...................................................................................................11 系统范围的可用性分析 .................................................................................................................14 PCS 7 冗余概念 ...........................................................................................................................15 PCS 7 冗余功能概述 ....................................................................................................................18 组态阶段的特点 ............................................................................................................................19 调试及操作阶段的特点 .................................................................................................................20 维修和系统扩展特点.....................................................................................................................21 可用性定义 ...................................................................................................................................22 备用模式定义................................................................................................................................22 冗余节点.......................................................................................................................................23

SIEMENSPCS使用入门

SIEMENSSIMATIC过程控制系统PCS 7使用入门手册前言，目录1 简介2 建立一个项目3 使用CFC编辑器4 使用输入/输出助手5 使用SFC编辑器6 编译，下载及测试7 使用操作员站版本 12/2000A5E00058928-04安全指南本手册包括应该遵守的注意事项，以保证你自己的生命安全以及保护产品和所连接的设备。

这些注意事项在本手册中是用符号进行突出强调，并根据危险等级注明如下：危险（Danger）表示假设若不采取适当的预防措施的话，将造成死亡，严重的人身伤害。

警告（Warning）表示假若不采取适当的预防措施的话，将可能造成死亡，严重的人身伤害。

告诫（Caution）表示假若不采取适当的预防措施的话，可能造成财产损失。

注意(Notice)表示假若不采取适当的预防措施的话，可能产生不合需要的结果和状态。

合格人员只有合格人员才允许安装和操作这一设备。

合格人员规定为根据既定安全惯例和标准进行试运行，接地和为电路、设备与系统加装标签的人员。

正确使用注意如下：警告本仪器及其元件只能用于产品目录或技术说明书中阐述的应用，并且只能与西门子批准或推荐的其它生产厂购买的装置或元件相连接。

本产品只有在正确运输、存贮、组装和安装的情况下，按推荐的方式运行和维护，才能正确安全地发挥其功能。

商标SIMATIC?，SIMATIC HMI?和SIMATIC NET?是SIEMENS AG的注册商标。

本系列文件中使用的其它名称也是注册商标：第三方厂商出于他们自己的目的引用任何注册商标都将侵犯商标所有者的合法权益。

违者要对造成的损失承担责任，保留所有权包括专利授权与实用模型，或者设计登记所产生的权利。

Siemens AGBereich Automatisierungs-und AutriebstechnikGeschaeftsgebiet Industrie-AutomatisierungssystemePostfach 4848 D-90327 Nurnberg拒负责任的声明我们已核对本手册的内容与所叙述的硬件和软件相符，因为差错难以避免，所以我们不能保证完全的一致，然而，本手册中的数据定期审查，并在下一版的文件中作必要的修改，欢迎提出改进建议。

PS 模拟器PCS 设置及使用教程

模拟器介绍PCSX2是目前发展最为迅速的PS2模拟器，作为第一款能模拟商业游戏的PS2模拟器，在经过几年的发展后，这款模拟器已经能够较为完美地模拟相当多的PS2游戏。

硬件需求首先需要知道的是，PS2的模拟对电脑的要求非常高，官方配置最低需求是支持SSE2的CPU（Intel CPU需要Pentium 4（奔腾4）以上，AMD CPU需要Athlon64以上（速龙64）），需要支持2.0顶点渲染的显卡，至少512MB 内存。

实际上，这个配置也只是能看看幻灯片而已，官方推配置为Intel Core 2Duo（扣肉2） 3.2GHz以上，显卡GeForce 8600GT以上，1GB 内存，如果是使用VISTA系统的话，内存提高到2GB。

即使是这个配置，依旧不要期待所有的游戏都能流畅运行。

官方也特别提到，到目前为止PCSX2只对双核CPU采取了优化措施，更多的内核对速度提升没有帮助。

实际上，从一些网友的反馈来看，多核，比如三核，甚至可能会产生一些问题。

另外，由于PCSX2的关键插件是针对Intel CPU的指令集优化的，在AMD上由于指令集支持不完善，效果不如Intel CPU，所以运行PCSX2推荐使用Intel CPU。

并且从网友的反馈来看，显卡也推荐采用Nvidia的显卡，ATI的显卡会略差一些。

使用准备首先需要的是下载模拟器，我们这里提供了两个版本，一个是官方1474测试版，一个是蓝色宇宙基于优化编译的PCSX2 1.020 Extremum，请自行选择下载安装。

推荐使用优化版以获得最好的速度。

如果你下载的是官方版本的话，需要另外下载PS2的BIOS文件，我们也提供了下载，将下载得到的BIOS文件解压到模拟器的BIOS文件夹下即可。

接下来就是运行模拟器了，在运行模拟器之前，我们要确认两件事：一是你的电脑上有PS2游戏的镜像文件，如果没有游戏镜像的话，结果很明显，我们也只能看看模拟器的界面而已；二是请尽量关闭其它程序，尤其是浏览器、聊天工具、播放器和word等高内存和CPU占用的程序，这些都会影响模拟器的运行速度。

整合王者技嘉C51双雄

整合王者技嘉C51双雄
KK
【期刊名称】《电脑迷》
【年(卷),期】2005(000)018
【摘要】NVIDIA最近几年的主板生意异常红火,几乎占领了AMD芯片组市场的半壁江山。

随着nForce2时代集成显卡的渐渐老去,新一代的集成显卡开始闪亮登场,它,就是NVIDIA的GeForce 6100系列。

【总页数】2页(P19-20)
【作者】KK
【作者单位】
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】TP334.7
【相关文献】
1.王者归来，电子科大夺得技嘉GTL2014西南赛区冠军 [J],
2.完败:中国王者的ESWC之旅亚洲双雄inf erno之战 [J], 我是个好人
3.E代双雄王者风范——林德推出电动叉车(E25S/E30S) [J], 俞剑敏
4."6系列"王者技嘉P67A-UD7主板 [J], 邓裴
5.未来时速决胜王者技嘉INTEL 975X全国超频大赛总决赛 [J], Quasar
因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。

反恐绝密档案化残局为胜局

反恐绝密档案化残局为胜局
Roger
【期刊名称】《电子竞技》
【年(卷),期】2007(000)011
【摘要】本期战报为大家点评的是NGL比赛中的一场精彩对决,比赛的双方分别是ATTAX和MYM。

特别是MYM,由于有前SK的领军人物——广为中国CSER 所熟悉的elemeNt,所以很受大家的关注。

比赛综述:毫无疑问,这是一场精彩的比赛,从双方的实力来看,非常平均,而且双方都有猛将坐镇,保证了比赛的观赏性。

正因为双方实力的势均力敌,所以那些喜欢看CS精彩集锦的朋友,我不推荐你们看这一场比赛,从某种意义上来说,这一场比赛甚至有一些沉闷,双方的队员并没有特别突出的个人发挥,1vN的表演很少,而且场面上节奏不算快,比起前几期上来双方就直接火拼,这一场比赛的双方都沉稳许多。

或许是因为两个队伍风格的原因所致,这一场比赛从一开始就进入了拉锯。

虽然场面上并不明显,但是仔细观看比赛就能体会出双方队员的那种紧张。

双方一直都在考验
【总页数】1页(P)
【作者】Roger
【作者单位】
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】G899
【相关文献】
1.伊罗生主编《中国论坛》的变故——从共产国际绝密档案说起 [J], 孔海珠
2.全球化信息化背景下我国网络恐怖活动及其犯罪立法研究——兼评我国《刑法修正案(九)(草案)》和《反恐怖主义法(草案)》相关反恐条款 [J], 皮勇
3.反恐绝密档案 [J], 罗杰
4.反恐绝密档案愚人节的礼物 [J],
5.蛋鸡业“绝密档案”解析 [J], 李克俭
因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

1.
Introduction
The PC/SC Workgroup, a joint effort of Bull CP8, Gemplus, Hewlett-Packard, IBM Corporation, Microsoft, Schlumberger, Siemens Nixdorf, Sun Microsystems, Toshiba and VeriFone was initiated to develop a specification that can facilitate the interoperability necessary to allow Integrated Circuit Card (ICC) technology to be effectively utilized in the PC environment. In addition to development of the specification, the PC/SC Workgroup members are committed to implementation of both hardware devices and PC system components necessary to validate the design efforts. This is deemed a critical step in the process of moving toward accepted standards and will provide a base of experience from which to further refine and/or enhance this specification. The PC/SC Workgroup will retain ownership of this specification until such time as it can be submitted and accepted by a formal standards body. The Workgroup will work with other interested parties to make this happen as quickly as possible. Until that time, the PC/SC Workgroup will support the general review by the PC and ICC communities at large, and evolution of the specification as necessary to respond to this general review process. This specification is available on a royalty-free basis to any party wishing to implement a compliant product. 1.1 Motivation
Contents
1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Motivation Objectives Organization of this Specification Target Audience 1 1 2 3 3 4 4 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 11 12 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14
Interoperability Specification for ICCs and Personal Computer Systems Error! Reference source not found. Part 1. Introduction and Architecture Overview
Interoperability Specification for ICCs and Personal Computer Systems
Part 1. Introduction and Architecture Overview
Bull CP8, a Bull Company Gemplus SA Hewlett-Packard Company IBM Corporation Microsoft Corporation Schlumberger SA Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG Sun Microsystems, Inc. Toshiba Corporation VeriFone, Inc. Revision 1.0 December 1997
Interoperability Specification for ICCs and Personal Computer Systems Error! Reference source not found. Part 1. Introduction and Architecture Oveects 2.4.1 System 2.4.2 User 2.4.3 Process 2.4.4 Terminal 2.4.5 ICC 2.4.6 IFD 3. DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND SYMBOLS
1996, 1997 – Bull CP8, Gemplus, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Microsoft, Schlumberger, Siemens Nixdorf, Sun Microsystems, Toshiba, and VeriFone. All Rights Reserved. Page i
1.5 Related Documents 1.5.1 ICC-Related Standards 1.5.2 Personal Computer Interface Specifications 2. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE AND COMPONENTS OVERVIEW 2.1 Architecture overview 2.1.1 Integrated Circuit Card ( ICC) 2.1.2 Interface Device (IFD) 2.1.3 Interface Device Handler (IFD Handler) 2.1.4 ICC Resource Manager 2.1.5 Service Provider 2.1.5.1 ICC Service Provider 2.1.5.2 Cryptographic Service Provider 2.1.6 ICC-Aware Application 2.2 2.3 Specification Breakdown System Requirements
Copyright © 1996, 1997, Bull CP8, Gemplus, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Microsoft, Schlumberger, Siemens Nixdorf, Sun Microsystems, Toshiba and VeriFone. All rights reserved. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DISCLAIMER THIS SPECIFICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH NO WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR ANY WARRANTY OTHERWISE ARISING OUT OF ANY PROPOSAL, SPECIFICATION, OR SAMPLE. NO LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED OR INTENDED HEREBY. BULL CP8, GEMPLUS, HEWLETT-PACKARD, IBM, MICROSOFT, SCHLUMBERGER, SIEMENS NIXDORF, SUN MICROSYSTEMS, TOSHIBA AND VERIFONE DISCLAIM ALL LIABILITY, INCLUDING LIABILITY FOR INFRINGEMENT OF PROPRIETARY RIGHTS, RELATING TO IMPLEMENTATION OF INFORMATION IN THIS SPECIFICATION. BULL CP8, GEMPLUS, HEWLETT-PACKARD, IBM, MICROSOFT, SCHLUMBERGER, SIEMENS NIXDORF, SUN MICROSYSTEMS, TOSHIBA AND VERIFONE DO NOT WARRANT OR REPRESENT THAT SUCH IMPLEMENTATION(S) WILL NOT INFRINGE SUCH RIGHTS.
The Integrated Circuit Card (ICC) is an intrinsically secure computing platform ideally suited to providing enhanced security and privacy functionality for applications running within general purpose computing environments such as the personal computer (PC). ICCs are capable of providing secure storage facilities for sensitive information such as: • Private keys. • Account numbers. • Passwords. • Medical information. At the same time, the ICC provides an isolated processing facility capable of using this information without exposing it within the PC environment where it is at potential risk from hostile code (viruses, Trojan horses, and so on). This becomes critically important for certain operations such as: • Generation of digital signatures, using private keys, for personal identification. • Network authentication based on stored secrets. • Maintenance of electronic representations of value (that is, prepaid purchase credits).