OG12 语法 1~60 中文翻译
高级英语第一册修订本第12课Lesson12TheLoons原文和翻译
The LoonsMargarel Laurence1、Just below Manawaka, where the Wachakwa River ran brown and noisy over the pebbles , the scrub oak and grey-green willow and chokecherry bushes grew in a dense thicket . In a clearing at the centre of the thicket stood the Tonnerre family's shack. The basis at this dwelling was a small square cabin made of poplar poles and chinked with mud, which had been built by Jules Tonnerre some fifty years before, when he came back from Batoche with a bullet in his thigh, the year that Riel was hung and the voices of the Metis entered their long silence. Jules had only intended to stay the winter in the Wachakwa Valley, but the family was still there in the thirties, when I was a child. As the Tonnerres had increased, their settlement had been added to, until the clearing at the foot of the town hill was a chaos of lean-tos, wooden packing cases, warped lumber, discarded car types, ramshackle chicken coops , tangled strands of barbed wire and rusty tin cans.2、The Tonnerres were French half breeds, and among themselves they spoke a patois that was neither Cree nor French. Their English was broken and full of obscenities. They did not belong among the Cree of the Galloping Mountain reservation, further north, and they did not belong among the Scots-Irish and Ukrainians of Manawaka, either. They were, as my Grandmother MacLeod would have put it, neither flesh, fowl, nor good salt herring . When their men were not working at odd jobs or as section hands on1 / 23the C.P. R. they lived on relief. In the summers, one of the T onnerre youngsters, with a face that seemed totally unfamiliar with laughter, would knock at the doors of the town's brick houses and offer for sale a lard -pail full of bruised wild strawberries, and if he got as much as a quarter he would grab the coin and run before the customer had time to change her mind. Sometimes old Jules, or his son Lazarus, would get mixed up in a Saturday-night brawl , and would hit out at whoever was nearest or howl drunkenly among the offended shoppers on Main Street, and then the Mountie would put them for the night in the barred cell underneath the Court House, and the next morning they would be quiet again.3、Piquette Tonnerre, the daughter of Lazarus, was in my class at school. She was older than I, but she had failed several grades, perhaps because her attendance had always been sporadic and her interest in schoolwork negligible . Part of the reason she had missed a lot of school was that she had had tuberculosis of the bone, and had once spent many months in hospital. I knew this because my father was the doctor who had looked after her. Her sickness was almost the only thing I knew about her, however. Otherwise, she existed for me only as a vaguely embarrassing presence, with her hoarse voice and her clumsy limping walk and her grimy cotton dresses that were always miles too long. I was neither friendly nor unfriendly towards her. She dwelt and moved somewhere within my scope of vision, but I did not actually notice her very much until that peculiar summer when I was eleven.4、"I don't know what to do about that kid." my father said at dinner one evening. "Piquette T onnerre, I mean. The damn bone's flared up again. I've had her in hospital for quite a while now, and it's under control all right, but I hate like the dickens to send her home again."5、"Couldn't you explain to her mother that she has to rest a lot?" my mother said.6、"The mother's not there" my father replied. "She took off a few years back.Can't say I blame her. Piquette cooks for them, and she says Lazarus would never do anything for himself as long as she's there. Anyway, I don't think she'd take much care of herself, once she got back. She's only thirteen, after all. Beth, I was thinking——What about taking her up to Diamond Lake with us this summer?I was thinkingA couple of months rest would give that bone a much better chance."7、My mother looked stunned.8、"But Ewen -- what about Roddie and Vanessa?"9、"She's not contagious ," my father said. "And it would be company forVanessa."10、"Oh dear," my mother said in distress, "I'll bet anything she has nits in her hair."11、"For Pete's sake," my father said crossly, "do you think Matron would let her stay in the hospital for all this time like that? Don't be silly, Beth. "12、Grandmother MacLeod, her delicately featured face as rigid as a cameo , now brought her mauve -veined hands together as though she were about tobegin prayer.13、"Ewen, if that half breed youngster comes along to Diamond Lake, I'm not going," she announced. "I'll go to Morag's for the summer."14、I had trouble in stifling my urge to laugh, for my mother brightened visibly and quickly tried to hide it. If it came to a choice between Grandmother MacLeod and Piquette, Piquette would win hands down, nits or not.15、"It might be quite nice for you, at that," she mused. "You haven't seen Morag for over a year, and you might enjoy being in the city for a while. Well, Ewen dear, you do what you think best. If you think it would do Piquette some good, then we' II be glad to have her, as long as she behaves herself."16、So it happened that several weeks later, when we all piled into my father's old Nash, surrounded by suitcases and boxes of provisions and toys for my ten-month-old brother, Piquette was with us and Grandmother MacLeod, miraculously, was not. My father would only be staying at the cottage for a couple of weeks, for he had to get back to his practice, but the rest of us would stay at Diamond Lake until the end of August.17、Our cottage was not named, as many were, "Dew Drop Inn" or"Bide-a-"Bide-a-Wee," or "Bonnie Doon”. The sign on the roadway bore in austere Wee," or "Bonnie Doon”. The sign on the roadway bore in austere letters only our name, MacLeod. It was not a large cottage, but it was on the lakefront. You could look out the windows and see, through the filigree of the spruce trees, the water glistening greenly as the sun caught it. All around the cottage were ferns, and sharp-branched raspberrybushes, and moss that had grown over fallen tree trunks, If you looked carefully among the weeds and grass, you could find wild strawberry plants which were in white flower now and in another month would bear fruit, the fragrant globes hanging likeminiaturescarlet lanterns on the thin hairy stems. The two grey squirrels were still there, gossiping at us from the tall spruce beside the cottage, and by the end of the summer they would again be tame enough to take pieces of crust from my hands. The broad mooseantlers that hung above the back door were a little more bleached and fissured after the winter , but otherwise everything was the same. I raced joyfully around my kingdom, greeting all the places I had not seen for a year . My brother , Roderick, who had not been born when we were here last summer , sat on the car rug in the sunshine and examined a brown spruce cone, meticulously turning it round and round in his small and curious hands. My mother and father toted the luggage from car to cottage, exclaiming over how well the place had wintered, no broken windows, thank goodness, no apparent damage from storm felled branches or snow.18、Only after I had finished looking around did I notice Piquette. She was sitting on the swing her lame leg held stiffly out, and her other foot scuffing the ground as she swung slowly back and forth. Her long hair hung black and straight around her shoulders, and her broad coarse-featured face bore no expression -- it was blank, as though she no longer dwelt within her own skull, as though she had gone elsewhere.I approached her very hesitantly.19、"Want to come and play?"20、Piquette looked at me with a sudden flash of scorn.21、"I ain't a kid," she said.22、Wounded, I stamped angrily away, swearing I would not speak to her for the rest of the summer . In the days that followed, however , Piquette began to interest me, and l began to want to interest her . My reasons did not appear bizarre to me. Unlikely as it may seem, I had only just realised that the T onnerre family, whom I had always heard Called half breeds, were actually Indians, or as near as made no difference. My acquaintance with Indians was not expensive. I did not remember ever having seen a real Indian, and my new awareness that Piquette sprang from the people of Big Bear and Poundmaker , of Tecumseh, of the Iroquois who had eaten Father Bréthe Iroquois who had eaten Father Brébeuf's heart--all this gave her an instant beuf's heart--all this gave her an instant attraction in my eyes. I was devoted reader of Pauline Johnson at this age, and sometimes would orate aloud and in an exalted voice, West Wind, blow fromyour prairie nest, Blow from the mountains, blow from the west--and so on. It seemed to me that Piquette must be in some way a daughter of the forest, a kind of junior prophetess of the wilds, who might impart to me, if I took the right approach, some of the secrets which she undoubtedly knew --where the whippoorwill made her nest, how the coyote reared her young, or whatever it was that it said in Hiawatha.23、I set about gaining Piquette's trust. She was not allowed to go swimming, with her bad leg, but I managed to lure her down to the beach-- or rather, she came because there was nothing else to do. The water was always icy, for the lake was fed by springs, but I swam like a dog, thrashing my arms and legs around at such speed and with such an output of energy that I never grew cold. Finally, when I had enough, I came out and sat beside Piquette on the sand. When she saw me approaching, her hands squashed flat the sand castle she had been building, and she looked at me sullenly, without speaking.24、"Do you like this place?" I asked, after a while, intending to lead on from there into the question of forest lore .25、Piquette shrugged. "It's okay. Good as anywhere."26、"I love it, "1 said. "We come here every summer."27、"So what?" Her voice was distant, and I glanced at her uncertainly, wondering what I could have said wrong.28、"Do you want to come for a walk?" I asked her. "We wouldn't need to go far. If you walk just around the point there, you come to a bay where great big reeds grow in the water, and all kinds of fish hang around there. Want to? Come on."29、She shook her head.30、"Your dad said I ain't supposed to do no more walking than I got to." I tried another line.31、"I bet you know a lot about the woods and all that, eh?" I began respectfully.32、Piquette looked at me from her large dark unsmiling eyes.33、"I don't know what in hell you're talkin' about," she replied. "You nuts or somethin'? If you mean where my old man, and me, and all them live, you better shut up, by Jesus, you hear?"34、I was startled and my feelings were hurt, but I had a kind of dogged perseverance. I ignored her rebuff.35、"You know something, Piquette? There's loons here, on this lake. You can see their nests just up the shore there, behind those logs. At night, you can hear them even from the cottage, but it's better to listen from the beach. My dad says we should listen and try to remember how they sound, because in a fewyears when more cottages are built at Diamond Lake and more people come in, the loons will go away."36、Piquette was picking up stones and snail shells and then dropping them again.37、"Who gives a good goddamn?" she said.38、It became increasingly obvious that, as an Indian, Piquette was a dead loss. That evening I went out by myself, scrambling through the bushes that overhung the steep path, my feet slipping on the fallen spruce needles that covered the ground. When I reached the shore, I walked along the firm damp sand to the small pier that my father had built, and sat down there. I heard someone else crashing through the undergrowth and the bracken, and for a moment I thought Piquette had changed her mind, but it turned out to be my father. He sat beside me on the pier and we waited, without speaking.38、At night the lake was like black glass with a streak of amber which wasthe path of the moon. All around, the spruce trees grew tall and close-set, branches blackly sharp against the sky, which was lightened by a cold flickeringof stars. Then the loons began their calling. They rose like phantom birds from the nests on the shore, and flew out onto the dark still surface of the water.40、No one can ever describe that ululating sound, the crying of the loons, and no one who has heard it can ever forget it. Plaintive , and yet with a qualityof chilling mockery , those voices belonged to a world separated by aeon from our neat world of summer cottages and the lighted lamps of home.41、"They must have sounded just like that," my father remarked, "before any person ever set foot here." Then he laughed. "You could say the same, ofcourse, about sparrows or chipmunk, but somehow it only strikes you that way with the loons."42、"I know," I said.43、Neither of us suspected that this would be the last time we would ever sit here together on the shore, listening. We stayed for perhaps half an hour, and then we went back to the cottage. My mother was reading beside the fireplace. Piquette was looking at the burning birch log, and not doing anything.44、"You should have come along," I said, although in fact I was glad she had not.45、"Not me", Piquette said. "You wouldn’ catch me walkin' way down there jus' for a bunch of squawkin' birds."46、Piquette and I remained ill at ease with one another. felt I had somehow failed my father, but I did not know what was the matter, nor why she Would not or could not respond when I suggested exploring the woods or Playing house. I thought it was probably her slow and difficult walking that held her back. Shestayed most of the time in the cottage with my mother , helping her with the dishes or with Roddie, but hardly ever talking. Then the Duncans arrived at their cottage, and I spent my days with Mavis, who was my best friend. I could not reach Piquette at all, and I soon lost interest in trying. But all that summer she remained as both a reproach and a mystery to me.47、That winter my father died of pneumonia, after less than a week's illness. For some time I saw nothing around me, being completely immersed in my own pain and my mother's. When I looked outward once more, I scarcely noticed that Piquette T onnerre was no longer at school. I do not remember seeing her at all until four years later , one Saturday night when Mavis and I were having Cokes in the Regal CaféCokes in the Regal Café. The jukebox was booming like tuneful thunder . The jukebox was booming like tuneful thunder , and beside it, leaning lightly on its chrome and its rainbow glass, was a girl.48、Piquette must have been seventeen then, although she looked about twenty. I stared at her , astounded that anyone could have changed so much. Her face, so stolidand expressionless before, was animated now with a gaiety that was almost violent. She laughed and talked very loudly with the boys around her . Her lipstick was bright carmine, and her hair was cut Short and frizzily permed . She had not been pretty as a child, and she was not pretty now, for her features were still heavy and blunt. But her dark and slightly slanted eyes were beautiful, and her skin-tight skirt and orange sweater displayed to enviable advantage a soft and slender body.49、She saw me, and walked over. She teetered a little, but it was not due to her once-tubercular leg, for her limp was almost gone.50、"Hi, Vanessa," Her voice still had the same hoarseness . "Long time no see, eh?"51、"Hi," I said "Where've you been keeping yourself, Piquette?"52、"Oh, I been around," she said. "I been away almost two years now. Been all over the place--Winnipeg, Regina, Saskatoon. Jesus, what I could tell you! I come back this summer, but I ain't stayin'. You kids go in to the dance?"53、"No," I said abruptly, for this was a sore point with me. I was fifteen, and thought I was old enough to go to the Saturday-night dances at the Flamingo. My mother, however, thought otherwise.54、"Y'oughta come," Piquette said. "I never miss one. It's just about the on'y thing in this jerkwater55、town that's any fun. Boy, you couldn' catch me stayin' here. I don' givea shit about this place. It stinks."56、She sat down beside me, and I caught the harsh over-sweetness of her perfume.57、"Listen, you wanna know something, Vanessa?" she confided , her voice only slightly blurred. "Your dad was the only person in Manawaka that ever done anything good to me."58、I nodded speechlessly. I was certain she was speaking the truth. I knewa little more than I had that summer at Diamond Lake, but I could not reach her now any more than I had then, I was ashamed, ashamed of my own timidity, the frightened tendency to look the other way. Yet I felt no real warmth towards her-- I only felt that I ought to, because of that distant summer and because my father had hoped she would be company for me, or perhaps that I would be for her, but it had not happened that way. At this moment, meeting her again, I had to admit that she repelled and embarrassed me, and I could not help despising the self-pity in her voice. I wished she would go away. I did not want to see her did not know what to say to her. It seemed that we had nothing to say to one another.59、"I'll tell you something else," Piquette went on. "All the old bitches an'biddies in this town will sure be surprised. I'm gettin' married this fall -- my boy friend, he's an English fella, works in the stockyards in the city there, a very tallguy, got blond wavy hair. Gee, is he ever handsome. Got this real Hiroshimaname. Alvin Gerald Cummings--some handle, eh? They call him Al."60、For the merest instant, then I saw her. I really did see her, for the first and only time in all the years we had both lived in the same town. Her defiantface, momentarily, became unguarded and unmasked, and in her eyes there was a terrifying hope.61、"Gee, Piquette --" I burst out awkwardly, "that's swell. That's really wonderful. Congratulations——good luck--I hope you'll be happy--" wonderful. Congratulations62、As l mouthed the conventional phrases, I could only guess how great her need must have been, that she had been forced to seek the very things she so bitterly rejected.63、When I was eighteen, I left Manawaka and went away to college. At the end of my first year, I came back home for the summer. I spent the first few days in talking non-stop with my mother, as we exchanged all the news that somehow had not found its way into letters-- what had happened in my life and what had happened here in Manawaka while I was away. My mother searched her memory for events that concerned people I knew.64、"Did I ever write you about Piquette T onnerre, Vanessa?" she asked one morning.65、"No, I don't think so," I replied. "Last I heard of her, she was going to marry some guy in the city. Is she still there?"66、My mother looked Hiroshima , and it was a moment before she spoke, as though she did not know how to express what she had to tell and wished she did not need to try.67、"She's dead," she said at last. Then, as I stared at her, "Oh, Vanessa, when it happened, I couldn't help thinking of her as she was that summer--so sullen and gauche and badly dressed. I couldn't help wondering if we could have done something more at that time--but what could we do? She used to be around in the cottage there with me all day, and honestly it was all I could do to get a word out of her. She didn't even talk to your father very much, althoughI think she liked him in her way."68、"What happened?" I asked.69、"Either her husband left her, or she left him," my mother said. "I don't know which. Anyway, she came back here with two youngsters, both only babies--they must have been born very close together. She kept house, I guess, for Lazarus and her brothers, down in the valley there, in the old T onnerre place.I used to see her on the street sometimes, but she never spoke to me. She'd put on an awful lot of weight, and she looked a mess, to tell you the truth, a real slattern , dressed any old how. She was up in court a couple of times--drunk and disorderly, of course. One Saturday night last winter, during the coldest weather, Piquette was alone in the shack with the children. The T onnerres made home brew all the time, so I've heard, and Lazarus said later she'd beendrinking most of the day when he and the boys went out that evening. They had an old woodstove there--you know the kind, with exposed pipes. The shack caught fire. Piquette didn't get out, and neither did the children."70、I did not say anything. As so often with Piquette, there did not seem to be anything to say. There was a kind of silence around the image in my mind of the fire and the snow, and I wished I could put from my memory the look that I had seen once in Piquette's eyes.71、I went up to Diamond Lake for a few days that summer, with Mavis and her family. The MacLeod cottage had been sold after my father's death, and I did not even go to look at it, not wanting to witness my long-ago kingdom possessed now by strangers. But one evening I went clown to the shore by myself.72、The small pier which my father had built was gone, and in its place there was a large and solid pier built by the government, for Galloping Mountain was now a national park, and Diamond Lake had been re-named Lake , for it was felt that an Indian name would have a greater appeal to tourists. The one store had become several dozen, and the settlement had all the attributes of a flourishing resort--hotels, a dance-hall, cafes with neon signs, the penetrating odoursof potato chips and hot dogs.73、I sat on the government pier and looked out across the water. At night the lake at least was the same as it had always been, darkly shining and bearing within its black glass the streak of amber that was the path of the moon. There was no wind that evening, and everything was quiet all around me. It seemed too quiet, and then I realized that the loons were no longer here. I listened for some time, to make sure, but never once did I hear that long-drawn call, half mocking and half plaintive, spearing through the stillness across the lake.74、I did not know what had happened to the birds. Perhaps they had gone away to some far place of belonging. Perhaps they had been unable to find such a place, and had simply died out, having ceased to care any longer whether they lived or not.75、I remembered how Piquette had scorned to come along, when my father and I sat there and listened to the lake birds. It seemed to me now that in some unconscious and totally unrecognized way, Piquette might have been the only one, after all, who had heard the crying of the loons.第十二课 潜水鸟潜水鸟玛格丽特玛格丽特 劳伦斯劳伦斯马纳瓦卡山下有一条小河，叫瓦恰科瓦河，浑浊的河水沿着布满鹅卵石的河床哗哗地流淌着，河边谷地上长着无数的矮橡树、灰绿色柳树和野樱桃树，形成一片茂密的丛林。
OG12语法手册 by zyls
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Unit12笔记
Unit 12语法笔记1.Show+ 宾格+东西= Show +东西to宾格“把…东西给某人看”e.g. Show me your new book, please.= Show your new book to me, please.与“Give + 宾格+东西= Give+东西to宾格”用法相同①请把你的演出服装给他们看一下。
②请把他的新领带给我。
人称代词主格宾格第一人称Iwe第二人称youyou第三人称he she it they2.with the big muscles “with”具有……特征翻译：那个大眼睛女孩是谁？那个黑头发的漂亮女孩是谁？那个撑着红色雨伞的帅小伙是谁？3....but ...“但是”表示转折...and ...“和”表示意思相近e.g. They're both small, but they're strong.My school bag is heavy and our school bus is full of people.4. a handsome young man多个形容词顺序：先大小后颜色 a ruler （long silver）先模糊后具体（容易看出的放后面）two shirts（clean lovely）年龄放在描述词后 a teacher （old tall）an/a man （ugly young）最后国籍a/an actress ( English beautiful)5. Just like you!此处like是介词，后加代词宾格6.可数名词变复数规则①一般情况下，在单词后直接加s.例：apple--apples , ruler---rulers②以s,x,ch, sh 结尾的单词，在单词后加es. 例：bus---buses, box--boxes,watch--watches, brush--brushes.③以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，把y变为i,再加es. 例：baby--babies以元音字母加y结尾的单词，直接加s . 例：boy--boys④以f或者fe结尾的单词，把f或者fe变为v,再加es.例：knife ---knivesleaf---leaves⑤部分以o结尾的单词，加es . 例：tomato ---tomatoes, potato---potatoe s⑥特殊的单词：man--men ,woman--women, people --people ,child --children ,sheep--sheep,fish--fish。
OG使用指南
）语法：OG+曼哈顿Step 1：1周完成任务①每天完成曼哈顿两个章节的阅读，并总结自己的笔记和体会；②每天完成曼哈顿每个章节后面规定的语法题目；错题先自己纠错，标记错误的原因，回想曼哈顿的知识点对应；Step 2: 3天完成任务①每天完成OG语法五十题，尽量用自己曼哈顿里面看到的知识点做题；②粗看OG的解释，对应知识点又是什么；划出来重要的语法知识点；Step 3：4天完成任务①每天认真阅读OG后面的35题语法解释；体会OG怎么定义这个语法错误的；②总结和归纳曼哈顿的语法知识点笔记：四类四个方向，自己总结对应进去；主谓，修饰，比较并列和指代；Step 4：4天完成任务①每天阅读和翻译OG 35句正确句子；②复习自己总结过的曼哈顿笔记一遍；每天复习一个重点；Step 5：2天完成任务①每天完成Prep+OG的题目50题，模棱两可的题目要查清楚为什么错；②用曼哈顿的知识点+OG的知识点对OG后面的黑体字知识点进行总结；Step 6：4天完成任务①对OG每道题目进行归纳，总结到黑体字和对应曼哈顿语法的知识点；②从黑体字的知识点分类对OG每道题目后面的解释详细看；比如一天就看这几个知识章节的OG题目；Step 7：4天完成任务①每天做语法20-30题，然后也顺带继续看看OG；②从句意和形象化思路上看每句话；这些正确的选项为什么很舒服；2) 逻辑：OG+曼哈顿：Step 1： 5天完成任务①每天完成OG25道逻辑题目；知道自己为什么错；②每天阅读曼哈顿逻辑一章，了解逻辑基本概念的定义：结论，假设，前提；③了解逻辑中的削弱，加强，假设结论题什么意思？怎么做；Step 2： 6天完成任务①每天完成OG 20道逻辑题目后面的讲解阅读；认真阅读后面的reasoning；②了解逻辑链，找到OG每道题目的结论，他的前提是什么，假设是什么；③每天的这20道题目，用一句话概括出来，和什么相关作用于什么；Step 3：4天完成任务①完成四类逻辑题型的正确选项总结和错误选项的总结；②通过每个专题知识点，对题目进行总结：削弱加强；假设结论，其他；Step 4： 5天完成任务①每天翻译25句英语逻辑翻译；②复习自己总结过的对应知识点；每种类型的逻辑题；Step 5： 5天完成任务①每天做25道逻辑题目，凭感觉做；②认真看选项他是怎么定义的；3）阅读：OGStep 1：5天完成任务：OG的文章一天4篇，每天做一遍分析一遍，分析的时候要写出每篇文章的逻辑简图，文章的整体中心思想和每段段落大意。
OG语法包
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GMAT官方指南12版本 语法SC部分详细解析(中文)
A当中的until almost 1900，前后都用逗号隔开，修饰的对象模糊，可能是前半句，也有可能是后半句。
Althoughvariouseighteenth- and nighteenth-century Americanpoetshad professedan interest in Native American poetry andhad pretendedto imitate Native American forms in their own works,itwasnot until almost 1900 that scholars and critics seriouslybeganstudying traditional Native American poetry in native languages.it做形式主语
4.Of all the vast tides of migration that have swept through history,maybenoneismore concentrated asthe wavethatbrought12 million immigrants onto American shores in little more than three decades.
6.In late 1997,the chambersinside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure atGizawere closedto visitors for cleaning and repairdue to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such level so that salt from the stone was crystallizingand fungus was growing on the walls.
GMAT备考资料
GMAT核心资料篇所谓核心资料，也可以理解为准备GMAT考试的最高优先级的资料。
原则上来说，非真题的备考资料基本不推荐。
Official Guide for GMAT Review（官方指南，以下简称OG）OG即official guide for GMAT Review，由GMAC出版的官方指南，目前最新版本为第12版，论坛上简称OG12。
依次类推以前的版本有OG11，OG10。
下表列出目前可以见到的三个OG版本的始发年份和构成。
版本始发年份构成OG 10 1999 综合，共一本OG 11 2005 综合+语文分册+数学分册，共三本OG 12 2008 综合+语文分册+数学分册，共三本OG是最基本同时也是最官方的备考资料，其中所有的题目均是过去实战中的原题，给出的题目解析也充分体现了GMAC的出题角度和考察内容。
在备考GMAT时，我唯一强烈建议大家购买纸质档的两本书：OG12综合与OG12语文分册。
在OG中最有用的部分是语法部分的解释，认真地用心体会，解析里面的每一句话都不应该错过。
“OG每看一遍都会有新的收获！”——这是很多前辈都赞成的备考真理。
据观察，OG本身所体现的考点和标准也不断有所变化。
例如曾经OG10中允许使用的部分语法点在OG12中视为绝对错误的用法。
所以推荐大家使用最新版的OG。
切记，OG的解释是最官方的说法，如果遇到与其他非真题资料相矛盾的地方，请选择相信OG；在语法部分，细心研读的同学会发现阅读和逻辑的文章中出现语法并不允许的用法，也请不要钻牛角尖，相信语法部分的解释。
因为阅读和逻辑的文章原稿并不是GMAC本身所写，也不是商业类文章，难免出现与语法相矛盾的地方。
PREP破解GMAT官方免费提供了GMAT模考软件GMATPrep，其界面与真实考试完全相同，但是我们只能做两套模拟题。
有前辈发现GMATPrep中事实上内置了一个很大的题库，Prep破解即前辈从GMATPrep中还原出来的完整题库，全部属于真题，且有标准答案，是分项突破时很好的练习材料。
(完整版)新版人教版八年级上英语语法聚焦翻译(全)
Unit 1 Grammar Focus1、你去哪里度假了？我去纽约市了。
2、你和别人一起出去了吗？（对比：你和谁一起去了？）不，没有人在这儿。
每个人都在度假。
3、你买特别的东西了吗？是的，我为我爸爸买了些东西。
不，我没买任何东西。
4、食物怎么样？所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃！5、大家都玩得很开心吗？哦，是的。
一切都很棒。
Unit 2 Grammar Focus1、你周末通常做什么？我总是锻炼。
2、他们周末做什么？他们经常帮助做家务。
3、她周末做什么？她有时候去购物。
4、你多久看一次电影？我大概每月去看一次电影。
5、他多久看一次电视？他几乎不看电视。
6、你去购物吗？不，我从不去购物。
Unit 3 Grammar Focus1、汤姆比萨姆聪明吗？不，不是。
萨姆比汤姆聪明。
2、塔拉比蒂娜外向吗？不，不是。
蒂娜比塔拉外向。
3、你和你姐姐一样友好吗？不，不是。
我更友好。
4、塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力吗？是的，她是。
5、谁在学校谁更努力？蒂娜认为她比我学习努力。
Unit 4 Grammar Focus1、最好的电影院是哪家？城镇影院。
它离家最近。
而且在那里你可以最快地买到电影票。
2、城镇上最差的服装店是哪家？梦想服装店。
它比蓝月亮服装店更差。
它的服务最差。
3、你认为调幅970兆赫怎么样？我认为调幅970兆赫相当差。
它的音乐最糟糕。
Unit 5 Grammar Focus1、你想看新闻节目吗？是的，我想看。
/不，我不想看。
2、今晚你打算看什么？我打算看《我们过去的日子》。
3、你期待能从情景喜剧中学到什么？你可以学到一些很棒的笑话。
4、你为什么喜欢看新闻节目？因为我希望了解世界各地发生的事。
5、你认为谈话节目怎么样？我不介意它们。
/我无法忍受它们！/我喜欢看它们！Unit 6 Grammar Focus1、你长大以后打算做什么？我想成为一名工程师。
2、你打算怎样去做呢？我打算努力学习数学。
3、你打算去哪儿工作？我打算去上海。
OG中所有SAT语法固定搭配总结
OG中所有SAT语法固定搭配总结!!!1. as +adj./adv.+as (老OG Test 1/新OG Test 6/06年1月)2. either…or… (老OG Test 1/新OG Test 3/新OG Test 4)3. be grateful for doing(老OG Test 1)4. sth. be familiar to sb./sb. be familiar with sth.(老OG Test 1、08年5月)5. prevent…from doing (老OG Test 1/老OC Test 1/09年5月)6. discourage…from doing(老OG Test 1)7. keep…from doing (老OG Test 1)8. as much…as…(老OG Test 1)9. an appraisal of….对…的评价(老OG Test 1)10. be determined by由…决定(老OG Test 1) determined on 专心致力于/ to 有做…的决心11. be identified by…as… (老OG Test 1/新OG Test 2)12. preoccupation with 全神贯注做…(老OG Test 1/新OG Test 4)13. count on 依靠;指望(老OG Test 1)14. a determination to do (老OG Test 1)15. be prized for(老OG Test 1/新OC Test 1)16. think it +adj.+to do(新OG Test 1)17. neither…nor (新OG Test 1/新OG Test 2)18. be contrary to (新OG Test 1)19. at a distance(新OG Test 1)20. be capable of doing (新OG Test 1/老OC Test 3/05年10月/09年5月)21. long since forgotten(新OG Test 1)22. require sb. to do (新OG Test 1/05年3月/08年1月)23. be certified as 证明(新OG Test 1)24. In addition to doing(新OG Test 2)25. a means of (新OG Test 2/06年1月)26. obsession with (新OG Test 2/新OC Test 1)27. arrive in/at (新OG Test 2)28.offers of(新OG Test 2)29. help sb. with (新OG Test 2)30. inauguration of (新OG Test 2)31. fight back to回击，抵抗(新OG Test 3)32. differ from (新OG Test 3)33. gain the respect of (新OG Test 3)34. depend on…for (依靠客观的依据)(新OG Test 4)depend upon 取决于/ 依靠，信赖35. vote against 投票反对(新OG Test 4)36. hope to do (新OG Test 4)37. be honored by…as…(新OG Test 4)38. account for对…负责任；说明原因，解释(新OG Test 4/新OG Test 10)39. be absorbed in 集中精力做某事，专心于(新OG Test 4)40. use…to do (新OG Test 5/老OC Test 4)41. be sensitive to doing 对…感到敏感，灵敏(新OG Test 5)42. keep off 让开，不接近(新OG Test 5) keep out of 把…关到外面不让进入43. be disruptive（分散性的，破坏性的）to (新OG Test 6)44. be necessary for+ 人称代词（对…有必要）/ to+ sth/ do(新OG Test 6)45. a threat to doing/ sth.(新OG Test 6/新OG Test 10)46. take pride in (= be proud of)(新OG Test 6)47. apprehension about (新OG Test 6) ?48. be sympathetic for(新OG Test 6) sympathetic共鸣的，同情的49. the reason be that (新OG Test 6)Just as+句子, (so)+句子(新OG Test 7/老OC Test 4/老OC Test 5、08年10月真题)51. attribute to (新OG Test 7)52. force sb. to do (新OG Test 7)53. inaccessible to (新OG Test 7)54. regard…as…(新OG Test 7)55. long since gone(新OG Test 7)56. migrate from…to…(新OG Test 7)57. compound in (新OG Test 8)58. attempt to do (新OG Test 8/新OC Test 1)59. threaten to do (新OG Test 8)60. protest sth./protest against sth. 抗议，对…提出异议(新OG Test 8)61. insist on sth./(in) doing sth.(新OG Test 8)62. the decline of (新OG Test 8)63. continue to do继续做另一件事/ continue doing继续做一件事(新OG Test 8)64. contribute to (新OG Test 9)65. expect sb. to do (新OG Test 9)66. react to sth. (新OG Test 9/05年3月)67. be adaptable to sth. (新OG Test 9)68. far from (新OG Test 9)69. inconsistent with (新OG Test 9/05年10月)70. be intolerable to sb. (新OG Test 9)71. allow sb. to do (新OG Test 10)72. draw on/upon利用(新OG Test 10)73. available to (新OG Test 10)74. manage to do (新OG Test 10)75. engage in sth./doing (新OG Test 10)76. make it +adj.+to do (新OG Test 10)77. attest to sth.证实，证明(新OG Test 10)78. dress in (新OC Test 1)79. have an understanding of (新OC Test 1)80. discharge…from (新OC Test 1)81. apply to (新OC Test 1)82. at the expense of 由…支付费用；以…为代价(新OC Test 1)E.g. He refused to travel at the expense of the company and paid for the trip himself. She completed the work at the expense of her health.83. fall into decline(新OC Test 1) fall into place 逐渐理解84. particular about 讲究，挑剔(新OC Test 1)85. thump（重击）sb. to do (新OC Test 1)86. specialize in (新OC Test 1)87. get rid of (新OC Test 2)88. rise to fame as成名，名声大振(新OC Test 2)89. a revolt against 反感，厌恶(新OC Test 2)90. be proud of(新OC Test 2)91. feel disappointed about 对…感到失望(新OC Test 2)92. urge sb. to do(新OC Test 2)93. succeed in doing (新OC Test 2/ 06年1月)94. enable sb. to do (新OC Test 2)95. put questions to (新OC Test 2)96. can/cannot help but do= cannot help (doing) (新OC Test 2)97. devote to sth./doing (新OC Test 2)98.evoke by doing (新OC Test 2)99. in an effort to do (新OC Test 3)100. adapt…to…(新OC Test 3)101. an advocate of…(新OC Test 3)102. make sure to do/that (新OC Test 3)103. disposal of(新OC Test 3/05年10月)104. on the verge of doing(新OC Test 3)105. award…to sb. for sth.(新OC Test 3/老OC Test 1)106. set a record创造纪录(老OC Test 1)107. be surprised by (老OC Test 1)108. be helpful to（对…有用doing (老OC Test 1)109. meet with符合；偶然遇见；遭受(老OC Test 1)110. concern about (老OC Test 1)111. be confident about (老OC Test 1)112. in one’s zeal to do (老OC Test 1)113. the same…as…(老OC Test 1)114. inspire sb. to do (老OC Test 1)115. see sb。
英语零基础语法数词
1. once 一次single 单一的singleness 单一；单身single-handed 独手的，只用一只手的2. pair 双，对double 两倍的double-decker 双层床；双层电车double-chinned 双下巴的3. quarter 四分之一；一刻钟；两角五分钱（美国、加拿大的）three quarters 四分之三4. dozen 十二，一打two dozen of 两打……dozens of 好几打，很多的in dozens 成打的dozenth = twelfth 第十二a baker's (/ printer's / long) dozen 十三个（baker's dozen的来源：起初面包师在制作面包时偷工减料，克扣份量。
这种做法弄得民怨沸腾，最后官方不得不专门为面包师们制订了投料标准，凡达不到标准的就要受到处罚。
为了避免被罚，面包师们就在出售面包时每打多给一个，即十三个为一打。
）5. score 二十three score and ten 七十two score of 四十个……scores of 大批的in scores 大量地，大批地6. fortnight 十四日，两星期fortnightly 两星期一次的；双周刊7. decade 十年century 百年，世纪bicentenary 二百周年（的）octocentenary 八百周年（的）millenary / millennium 千年，千年期基数词和它的修饰语一、注意基数词与其他词连用时的位置关系：The first two years have been very successful.开头两年非常成功。
Look at the three young men.看那三个年轻人。
These are for my two daughters.这些是给我那两个女儿的。
Any two people will do.任何两个人都可以。
OG语法点速查
og代表OG12的题号，ng代表OG13的新题题号。
方便速查目录1.Agreement 一致 (1)I. Noun-verb agreement 主谓一致........................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
II. Pronoun agreement 指代一致 .......................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
2.Diction 措词 (7)3.Grammatical construction 语法结构 (13)I. Fragments 句子断裂 (13)II. Run-on sentences 独句混合 (14)III. 结构规则 (15)4.Idiom 惯用语 (25)5.Logical Predication 逻辑推断 (35)6.Parallelism 平型结构 (39)7.Rhetorical Coustruction 修辞结构 (45)8.Verb Form 动词形式 (49)时态 (49)情态动词 (52)主被动 (52)助动词 (52)语气(虚拟) (53)1.Agreement 一致I. Noun-verb agreement 主谓一致1.主语和谓语,单复数要一致：og1a；og12b；og13c；og27bce；og55d；og60ac；og66de；og68b；og78b；og80；og95a；og126b；og129a；og133a；ng7ad；ng107a2.完整句子必有谓语（被动不能少be动词），包括从句。
og13de；og18d；og19e；og21b；og23d；og45a；og48a；og56d；og98be；og108b; ng1ac；ng132a；3.定语从句谓语, 和先行词一致。
og33b；og103c；4.主系表的数都要一致。
新概念英语第二册Lesson12Goodbyeandgoodluck课文讲义
新概念英语第二册第12课Lesson 12 Goodbye and good luck 再见，一路顺风Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison, will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow. We will meet him at the harbour early in the morning. He will be in his small boat, Topsail.Topsail is a famous little boat. It has sailed across the Atlantic many times. Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock so we shall have plenty of time. We shall see his boat and then we shall say goodbye to him. He will be away for two months. We are very proud of him. He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic.New words and expressions 生词和短语luck n. 运气，幸运captain n. 船长sail v. 航行harbour n. 港口proud adj. 自豪important adj. 重要的课文注释2.the Atlantic 大西洋，全称为'the Atlantic Ocean'.参考译文我们的邻居查尔斯.艾利森船长明天就要从朴次茅斯启航了。
明天一大早我们将在码头为他送行。
他将乘坐他的‘涛波赛’号小艇。
“涛波赛”号是艘有名的小艇，他已经多次横渡大西洋。
艾利森船长将于8点钟启航，因此我们有充裕的时间。
【精美制作】新概念第二册 Lesson 12
Section 2
Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock so we shall have plenty of time.
We shall see his boat and then we shall say goodbye to him.
Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock, so we'll have plenty of time. 词组：set out 出发 / 动身去某地 = set off Tom and I set off early in the morning.（We started our journey.） 我和汤姆一早就出发了。 Jansen set up a new world record for the 400metres. 珍森为400米跑创造了一个新的世界纪录。 词组：plenty of+ 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词 = enough 大量的，丰富的
be back
end
be over
翻译： 他要离开五年。 He will be away for five years. 他父亲已经去世三年了。 His father has been dead for three years.
He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic. 词组：take part in 参加 之前学过的表示“报名参加”的短语： enter for 语法：across the Atlantic 是介词短语做定语 (＞2 words)， 放在被修饰词的后面，我们称之为后置定语。
高中英语北师大unit12词汇解析
1、owe重要考点1Owe it to sb to do sth/that 从句其实就是owe sth. to sb. 的变形只不过sth.较长，使用了形式主语it，真正的主语为to do 或that 引导的从句学生感悟：参看一轮书例句3 和例句5重要考点2Owing to 因为，由于这个词的近义词有：Because of; on account of; due to 注意这些词都不能接句子，需要接n或doing 学生练习：由于恶劣的天气，航班延误了几个小时Owing to the bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.重要考点3Owe 和own 的区别词性区别owe 动词own 既可以作形容词也可以作动词举例：Tom 有一辆红色的车Tom owns a red car.这是我自己的车This is my own car.2、absorb重要考点1具体词义要牢记例句感悟：Plants absorb oxygen.The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.It's difficult to absorb all the information at once.He has absorbed in this hobby for several years.重要考点2Be absorbed in doing sth全神贯注做某事学生练习：他如此专注于学习以至于忘记了吃午饭。
He was so absorbed in studying that he forgot to have lunch.拓展延伸：请将上句改为倒装句：So absorbed was he in studying that he forgot to have lunch.请将此句改为过去分词作状语的句子：Absorbed in studying, he forgot to have lunch.3、get used to略讲4、exchange重要考点1：汉语意思除了有“交换”之外，还有“交流”的含义。
OG12阅读中文翻译
OG12阅读中文翻译&逻辑简图这是第一篇的，也就是P358的【】内涉及为题号，黄色为考点，红色的不太确定意思的。
E（一种可以通过减少生产过程使环境冲击最小化的方法）成为全球公司的目标，很多公司意识到这样的创新可以节省开支。
PS和GC看到这种发展是值得称赞的，但是认为简单地使用E发明可能会实际上在未来给环境施压更大的压力。
这样的创新减少了生产中的浪费但是并没有改变制造出的产品数量或者那些产品在使用和丢弃过程中造成的浪费。
【3】实际上，大部分公司研发E只是为了增加利润和增长。
此外，并不能保证由于E增加的经济增长会用在其他E的途径上。
【2】因为在现在全球市场上，更多的利润可能会成为再投资老形式不E 产业的资本。
即使一个广泛使用E产业的系统可能，当它变大时，比一个小却不那么E的系统产生更多浪费和破坏更多环境和物种。
S和C主张为了保护全球环境和维持经济增长，企业必须发展一个新的可以减少材料使用量和降低浪费的方法。
专门地注意提供一个按照既定思路又引人注目的业务案例的E，可能会将公司从追求不同产品和商业模式中拉开。
所谓的逻辑简图：E is a goal …PS &GC +, but …, indeed …, moreover …, Even … (eg.),SC: to …, businesses must …PS，那红色部分几乎是用灵格斯译的，原文是which offers a compelling business case according to established thinkingP360最近的一项调查提供了P时代末期食肉动物捕食的力量。
研究者比较了现在食肉动物和36，000至10，000年前食肉动物的齿痕，那些被保存在LA的RLB坑。
已经灭绝的物种造成的齿痕破裂程度比现在物种造成的要显著。
考虑这个发现的可能解释，研究者排除了统计偏差【7】因为在化石样本中老的个体并没有特别显著。
千行OG12语法解释
题号 考点 主谓一 致； 主动优 于被 动：
题目 The Glass House Mountains in Queensland, Australia, were sighted in 1770 by the English navigator Captain James Cook, bv whom thev were named supposedly because its sheer wet rocks glistened like glass. (A) by whom they were named supposedly because its (B) by whom they were named supposedly and their (C) naming them supposedly since their (D) who so named them supposedly because their (E) who so named it since supposedly their
Diabetes, together with its serious complications, ranks as the nation's third leading cause of death, surpassed only by heart disease and cancer. addict ive clause （manh attan 上面的 知识 5 点）； 主谓一 致； mispla ced modifi er (A) ranks as the nation's third leading cause of death, surpassed only (B) rank as the nation's third leading cause of death, only surpassed (C) has the rank of the nation's third leading cause of death, only surpassed (D) are the nation's third leading causes of death, surpassed only (E) have been ranked as the nation's third leading causes of death, only surpassed
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1 英国航海家James Cook船长于1770年目睹了澳大利亚昆士兰的玻璃屋山脉（The Glass House Mountains），并因其透明潮湿的岩石在闪烁时如同玻璃而将其命名为玻璃屋山脉。
2 尽管零售业的猛增燃起了一种经济回暖的希望，但许多经济学家认为，没有大量的消费资金，这种回暖不会持久。
3 尽管18、19世纪美国诗人都声称对美洲印第安的诗歌感兴趣，并假装在自己的作品中模仿，但直到1900，学者与批评家才开始对用土语创作的传统美洲印第安诗歌进行严肃研究。
4 在贯穿历史的所有大规模移民浪潮中，或许没有任何一次比在不到30年里就将120万移民带上美洲大陆的那一次更受关注。
5 糖尿病及它引起的并发症位居全国主要致死疾病第三位，仅次于心脏病和癌症。
6 在1997年后期，为了清洁与整修，吉萨金字塔内的密室向游客关闭，这是由于游客呼吸产生的湿气加大了密室内的湿度导致了石头中盐分的结晶。
7 由于该公司计算机产品的销量超过了测量仪器的销量，公司便更愿意去竞争那些曾经会让给竞争对手的大众消费市场。
8 被广泛接受的宇宙大爆炸理论认为宇宙始于200亿年前的一次爆炸性的瞬间，并由此开始膨胀。
9 如同Brontës 和Brownings的盲目崇拜一样，James Joyce 和Virginia Woolf 也经常倾向于模糊艺术家和（普通）人类间的界限。
10 食肉性哺乳动物能在存活在一种可能会致死的体温下，因为他们拥有一种热交换系统可以防止大脑过热。
11 用泥和土建造坚实围墙的方式有许多种，但最被广泛采用的是先将泥土做成砖块，在初步的风干与晒干之后将它们在土臼中堆砌起来。
12 越来越多的存货，如果/当（when）没有与之相对的销量的增加，会导致生产的缩减，这种减缩会阻碍经济发展。
13 新一轮国内销量（home sales）的猛增以及每周失业情况申报的减少表明了经济（状况）没有如分析家之前所预测的那么不景气。
14 太阳黑子，（即）气体旋风与强烈电磁活动的结合，在太阳表面呈现以黑色斑点，但从未在太阳的两级和赤道上出现过。
15 为告诫计算机在美国是不安全的，国家科学院要求国家修补计算机安全程序，制定新的紧急回应小组，并建立专门的非政府组织来负责计算机安全性计划。
16 零售销量在八月份上涨了0.8个百分点（0.8 of 1 percent），7-9月的个人消费将会是上一季度（1.4%增长率）的两倍。
17 委员会要求广告商限制对那些不含有色素或调味品添加剂、化学防腐剂以及其他任何合成物质的食品使用“纯天然”这个词。
18 植物比菌类获取碳更高效，它以二氧化碳的形式吸收，并转换成富含能量糖类。
19 易洛魁族人（Iroquois）主要是耕种者，尽管他们也会钓鱼和捕猎来补充玉米、南瓜和大豆的种植。
20 与蜜蜂不同，小黄蜂能重复蛰刺而不死亡，此外，它们带有一种导致剧烈疼痛的烈性毒液。
Unit 221 在过去20年里积累了大量的关于人脑及其自人出生到成年的成长的知识，神经学家已经得到关于人脑的生长和婴儿是如何习得语言的可靠的结论。
22 没有任何一个对犯罪动机的说明的尝试能够解释为什么有所谓的犯罪理由的人没有犯罪，相反地，为什么那么多没有理由的人犯罪了。
23 过去被设计为将重量集中在金属的中心的铁饼，现在被铅填充在了周围，这从而增加了稳定性，而且能仍得远。
24 每种动物物种的几乎所有的组织类型中，dioxin引发某些酶的产生。
这种酶使得生物体新陈代谢（分解）这种产生酶的化学刺激物（dioxin），或使得这种化学刺激物（dioxin）变得无害。
25 根据诸多古代作家的记载，学者们绘制了一幅早在公元前六世纪时的部落中的活动。
这个部落是一个全部由女性组成的部落，并崇拜一位女神，在拉丁语里叫作Bona Dea，即“善之神”（the good goddess）。
26 Emily Dickinson，在Susan 嫁给Emily的哥哥前几年直到1886年Emily逝世前不久，写给Susan Huntington Dickinson 的信超过她写给任何其他人的信。
27 古生物学家认为在Burma出土并据推测（至今）已有40到44百万年历时的猿人鄂骨为人类进化史添上了重要的一步。
28 基于先前秘鲁沿海地区的文明，Mochica人建立起了他们自己复杂的社会，并依靠玉米和大豆的种植、鱼类和海产品、以及发掘其他野生与本土的资源。
29 18世纪末见证了股价的产生，在何种形势下，那些囤集居奇的男人女人们获得利益，得到前所未有的股票价格，并且无论他们何时出现，都刺激了巨大的利益。
30 对17世纪非洲Ashantination的成员而言，带有木质框架的兽皮盾是不可或缺的军事器材，它可以用来保护战士不受敌人剑和矛的伤害。
31 尽管许多同仁确信基因是相对单一和静态的，Barbara McClintock 坚持她那关于基因是如何起作用的更为复杂的观点，并于1983年，81岁（高龄）时因其发现了玉米种的基因会从一个染色体转移到另个一染色体，被颁给了诺贝尔奖。
32 伽利略认为，自然现象，作为物理法则的体现，对一个在一艘在水中平稳行进的船的甲板的人与一个站立在陆地上的人是一样的。
33 由于电脑芯片的过度供给导致了价格下跌，制造商宣布它将通过每月关闭工厂两天的做法来削减生产。
34 除了博物馆当前面临的资金流危机问题，它的存活还依靠它是否可以扩大会员并且放弃拥挤的处所渠道一个能存放并且展出馆内12000余件展品的地方。
35 随着昨天宣布的生产价格的降低，今天公布的强劲的零售数值似乎说明了尽管经济增长缓慢，但还没不至于衰退。
36 男性打扮，并使用Rober Shurtleff作为名字，Deborah Sampson，作为第一位取得军饷的女性，在1782年，（年仅）22岁时，参加了大陆军，曾三度受伤，（最终）因为疾病而在1783年被要求离队。
37 尽管吸血虫病不是致命的，但是因为它使人虚弱，这使得它成为许多发展中国家的经济毒瘤。
38 1850年，Lucretia Mott 出版了她的论文《论女性》，是一篇呼吁女性（拥有与男性）平等的法律政治权力，呼吁改变已婚女性财产法的论文。
39 1527年，亨利八氏试图废除他与凯瑟琳娜皇后的婚姻，来与安娜结婚。
40 Tonegawa 博士因发现了机体是如何能够通过不断的改变基因来适应数量看似无尽多的抗体，每一个基因专门针对一种入侵细菌和外来物质赢得了诺贝尔奖。
41 为了发展更为精确地人口预测，人口统计学家必须要知道比现在更多的决定生于的社会和经济因素。
42 科学家已经发现地球上现存的最大最古老的生物体，巨大的菌类。
它是一种蘑菇的细丝和根装的触毛。
这种根装细丝是由10000年前受精孢子生产并在密西根州森林土地上绵延了30多公顷。
43 老挝国土面积与德国相近但只有四百万人口。
大部分的人都是山间部落的成员，安置在北面几乎无法到达的山谷里。
44 The Bostonians 的情节专注于Olive 长官，一位积极地女权主义，和Basil Ransom，她富有魅力却愤世嫉俗的妹妹直之间的冲突。
这个冲突产生于她们同时发现自己已经被统一为年轻人吸引之时。
这位青年人演说的才能赢得了她热烈的追随。
45 类星体，宇宙中里地球最远的看得见的天体，离地球近几十亿万光年，被认为在地球发展初期银河系的核心。
46 在古代西藏，当地工匠绝大多数的创造才能都被用到了佛像的创造中，以及建造与装饰安放他们的庙宇上。
47 五只刚刚长成的海鹰今年夏天离开了苏格兰西部的鸟巢，使得自从1975年从挪威迁徙，34只野生鸟类成功地受到哺育。
48 在1731年，亚历山大教皇开始翻译《伊利亚特》。
这是一部花费了他7年时间完成的译著，也是被与教皇同时代的文学评论家Samuel Johnson称作任何语言中最伟大的一部译著。
49 自动传输带系统，这个又Henry Ford 模仿Ransom Olds 引进的装备线技术，将装备Model T所需的时间，从一天半减少到93分钟装备。
50 根据一些分析家的分析，股市的收益反映了一种信心的增长，即，经济将会规避年初大多数人所担心的衰退，而是一种“软着陆”，随之而来的是上也会动的逐步增加。
51 一项新的调查表明日常生活中对话速度太快以至于阻碍了孩子区分独立音节和词汇的能力，导致他们无法搞清说话的意思。
52 对Josephine Baker而言，在流亡国外还远不是一种潮流的时候，巴黎就是她的故乡了。
并且，在二战期间他在法国做一名演员以及抵抗组织（The Resistance）中的一员。
53 19世纪化学家Humphry Davy在他的“论光与热”的论文中展现了他早起实验的结构。
这是一篇批判了自Robert Boyle以来的化学的评论文。
也是一部Davy希望创立的新化学的论文。
54 报道建议一员应该淘汰无用的床位，合并昂贵的服务医院项目并且利用其他空间。
55 许多房屋建造者提供了“租买”项目。
这个项目使那些没有足够存款支付常规定金的家庭能搬进新家并将部分的租金作为购买之用。
56 许多最早知道的印度教众神追溯到Kushan帝国。
这些神像不是由Mathura（马图拉）有斑点的砂岩制成就是Gandharan的灰色片岩。
57 （我们）不能怪罪那些未能预测到微电脑技术的影响的教育者们，因为Alvin Toffler，最著名的的学生之一，在出版于1970年的小说Future Shock中也没有提及微电脑。
58 作为苏格兰启蒙运动中的领袖人物，Adam Smith写了两本主要的书。
这书对民主资本主义（的意义）就如同马克思的《论资本》对社会主义（的意义）。
59 奥林匹克运动会旨在保持希腊好战城邦之间的和平。
因为在这个月中宣布一份神圣的停战协议。
60 尽管所有的国家都面临相近的工业污染问题，但是主导产业和国家的环境显然决定了污染产生的种类和数量，以及处理的花费。