【全国百强校word】重庆市第八中学2018届高三高考适应性月考(五)理综化学试题
重庆八中2018届高考适应性月考(五)理综物理试题 Word版含答案
重庆八中2018届高考适应性月考（五）理综物理试题二、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，第14～18题只有一项符合题目要求，第19～21题有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错或不选的得0分。
14.下列说法不正确的是A.光电效应和康普顿效应揭示了光的离子性的一面B.波尔提出电子的轨道是量子化的，轨道半径越小，能量越低，动能越小C.卢瑟福提出了原子核式结果模型D.汤姆孙根据阴极射线在电场和磁场中的偏转判断它的本质是带负电的粒子流15.一理想变压器原、副线圈匝数比n1:n2=11:4。
原线圈与正弦交变电源连接，输入电压u如图6甲所示，副线圈仅接入一个R=20Ω的电阻。
则A.副线圈输出电压的频率为100HzB.与电阻并联的电压表的示数是C.变压器的输入功率是D.经过5s电阻产生的热量为1.6×103J16.如图7所示，带正电的小球以一定的初速度v0竖直向上抛出，能够达到的最大高度为h1；若加上水平方向的匀强磁场，且保持初速度仍为v0，小球上升的最大高度为h2；若加上水平方向的匀强电场，且保持初速度仍为v0，小球上升的最大高度为h3；若加上竖直向上的匀强电场，且保持初速度仍为v0，小球上升的最大高度为h4，不计空气阻力。
则下列说法错误的是A.一定有h1=h3B.一定有h1<h4C.无法判断h2与h4的大小D.一定有h1>h217.如图8所示，可视为质点的小球位于半径为R的半圆柱体左端点A的正上方某处，以初速度水平抛出该小球，其运动轨迹恰好能与半圆柱体相切于B 点。
过B 点的半圆柱体半径与水平方向的夹角为60°，则半径R 的大小为(不计空气阻力，重力加速度g=10m/s 2)218.一宇航员到达半径为R 、密度均匀的某星球表面，做了如下实验：用不可伸长的轻绳拴一质量为m 的小球，上端固定于O 点，如图9甲所示，在最低点给小球某一初速度，使其绕O 点的竖直面内做圆周运动，测得绳的拉力F 大小随时间t 的变化规律如图乙所示。
重庆市第八中学2018届高考适应性月考卷(五)理综-答案
重庆市第八中学2018届高考适应性月考卷（五）理科综合参考答案一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分。
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13答案 B A D C B C B A B C A C D 二、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，第14~18题只有一项符合题目要求；第19~21题有多项符合题目要求，全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分。
题号14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21ABD 答案 B D C A C AC AD【解析】1．植物细胞壁的主要成分是纤维素和果胶，细菌细胞壁的主要成分是肽聚糖，A错误。
人体细胞无细胞壁，溶菌酶对人体自身正常细胞不起破坏作用，B正确。
细菌无内质网，C错误。
唾液不属于体液，唾液中的溶菌酶抵御入侵细菌属于免疫系统的第一道防线，D错误。
2．光合作用所利用的光都是可见光，叶绿体色素吸收蓝紫光和红光最多，不吸收紫外光，A 错误。
用高倍镜观察黑藻叶时，能观察到叶绿体的形态和分布，不能观察到叶绿体的结构，B正确。
根尖分生区细胞被药液处理后，细胞已经死亡，用显微镜能观察到各个时期细胞内染色体的存在状态，C正确。
蛋白质与NaOH不反应，不能观察到紫色反应，D正确。
3．从血管进入组织液要穿过血管壁，进、出细胞要至少穿过两层细胞膜，A错误。
CO2可作为调节因子，参与到体液调节中，B错误。
内环境的各种化学成分和理化性质在不断变化，不是固定不变的，C错误。
组织液回流淋巴受阻或毛细血管壁通透性增加，会使组织液蛋白质增多，渗透压增大，导致组织水肿，D正确。
4．通过水稻恶苗病发现的植物激素是赤霉素，其具有促进果实发育、促进种子萌发的作用，A正确。
植物生长发育根本上是基因组在一定的时间和空间上程序性表达的结果，光照等因素的变化会引起植物体内包括植物激素在内的多种变化，进而对基因组的表达进行调节，因此激素调节只是植物生命活动调节的一方面，B正确。
重庆市第八中学2018届高考适应性月考卷(五)理数-答案
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重庆市第八中学2018届高考适应性月考卷
重庆市第八中学2018届高考适应性月考卷（五）语文注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
在试题卷上作答无效。
3．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
满分150分，考试用时150分钟。
一、现代文阅读（35分（一）论述类文本阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。
前不久，中国人民银行发布公示，受理了某公司的个人征信业务申请。
这意味着由央行牵头、数家企业联手的征信机构，又迈出筹建的关键一步，引发社会关注。
建立国家级网络金融个人信用基础数据库，实现为中国人信用打分，这一中国金融业的大事，或将重塑中国的信用市场。
近年来，互联网金融的发展带来信用数据的激增。
现代社会，信贷数据早已不止于银行流水，个人信用信息已汇成数据海洋。
早在3年前，央行授予8家机构征信资格，鼓励积极探索。
但实践发现，各市场主体对自己征得的信用信息有“独享”倾向；在“多头征信”架构下，数据的独立性、公正性及隐私性也存在问题。
防止数据寡头、消灭数据孤岛，以更高级别的征信基础架构实现数据的互联互通，这正是把信用信息统一置于更高层级平台管理的初衷。
习总书记指出，要加强社会信用体系建设，健全符合我国国情的金融法治体系。
个人征信体系不完善，信用服务市场就难以发展。
一段时间内，“网贷”成为热门话题，大学生网贷最终酿成悲剧者并不鲜见，其中一个重要因素就是借新还旧、多头借贷。
究其根源，正是企业难以有效获得个人信用信息，信用信息难以共享，相关征信产品供给严重不足。
当互联网金融日益成为借贷的重要渠道，谁来及时高效地提供可靠的“信用分”？如果供给迟迟跟不上，不但“网贷”的病难以根治，互联网金融的风险也容易累积。
而一旦相应体系得以确立，信用市场的交易成本将显著下降，互联网金融市场的健康度也将得以提升。
重庆市第八中学2018届高三上学期第一次适应性考试理综物理试题 含解析
二、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，第14~18题只有一项符合题目要求；第19~12题有多项符合题目要求，全部选对的得6分，选对但不全得得4分，有选错的得0分。
14．下列说法正确的是A．亚里士多德提出物体的运动不需要力来维持B．伽利略用“月—地检验”证实了万有引力定律的普适性C．物体做曲线运动时，速度一定变化D．物体在恒力作用下一定做直线运动【答案】C【解析】考点：考查万有引力定律及其应用；曲线运动；开普勒定律．【名师点睛】本题考查了曲线运动、万有引力定律以及力和运动的关系对应的物理学史，要注意正确理解曲线运动的性质，知道曲线运动的条件和对应的特例，如平抛运动和圆周运动等．15.如图3所示，固定天花板与水平面夹角为θ(0<θ<90°),一木块在水平推力F作用下始终保持静止状态，则下列判断正确的是A．天花板与木块间的弹力可能为零B．天花板与木块间的摩擦力可能为零C．推力F逐渐增大的过程中，木块受天花板的摩擦力一定增大D．推力F逐渐增大的过程中，木块受天花板的摩擦力一定不变【答案】C【解析】试题分析：A、B、木块在重力作用下，有沿天花板下滑的趋势，一定受到静摩擦力，则天花板对木块一定有弹力．故A、B错误；C、D、木块受力如图所示：根据平衡条件得f=G sinθ+F cosθ，当逐渐增大F的过程，木块受到的静摩擦力f增大．故C正确，D错误．故选C.考点：考查共点力平衡的条件及其应用；摩擦力的判断与计算．【名师点睛】本题考查分析物体受力的能力．对于弹力和摩擦力的关系要理解：两物体间有摩擦力，一定有弹力．16.如图4所示，AB、BC为不同倾角的固定斜面，某物体从AB上的某点静止释放，在BC斜面上速度减为零并静止。
设物体经过B点时无能量损失。
该过程物体运动的总路程为15m，所用总时间为10s，在此过程中，物体速度的最大值为A．1.5m/s B.3m/s C.4m/s D.5m/s【答案】B【解析】考点：考查匀变速直线运动规律的综合运用．【名师点睛】解决本题的关键掌握匀变速直线运动的运动学公式和推论，并能灵活运用，有时运用推论求解会使问题更加简捷，本题也可以结合速度时间图线，抓住围成的面积表示位移进行求解．17.已知行星Kepler-186f绕恒星Kepler452做匀速圆周运动，其周期为T1；某人造卫星在离地高度等于地球半径的圆形轨道上饶地球做匀速圆周运动，其周期为T2.恒星Kepler452的质量与地球的质量之比为p，行星Kepler-186f饶绕恒星Kepler452运动的轨道半径与地球半径之比为q，则T1、T2之比为A ．38qpB.38pqC.3qpD.3pq【答案】A【解析】试题分析：设行星Kepler-186f质量为m186，恒星Kepler452质量为M456，行星Kepler-186f 绕图 4恒星Kepler452做匀速圆周运动轨道半径为r 1,根据万有引力提供向心力,有：2452186186122114M m G m r r T π=，解得：23114524r T GM π=①,人造卫星在离地高度等于地球半径的圆形轨道上绕地球做匀速圆周运动,由万有引力提供向心力有：22224M m G m r r T π=地,解得：23224r T GM π=地②,联立①②得：23311322452188M T r q q T r M p p=⨯=⋅=地，故A 正确，B 、C 、D 错误；故选A.考点：考查万有引力定律及其应用．【名师点睛】本题关键是明确卫星的动力学原理，然后根据万有引力等于向心力列式分析，注意不是围绕同一中心天体运动的，要注意构建物理模型．18.直角坐标系xoy 中，A 、B 两点位于x 轴上，坐标如图5所示，C 、D 位于y 轴上。
重庆市第八中学2018届高三高考适应性月考(五)理综化学试题Word版含答案
和等于X、Y的质子数之和，X、Y、Z的最外层电子数之和等于W的核外电子数。
下列说法错误的是说法正确的是Ⅲ代表A2-），根据图示判断，下列说法正确的是2O8)。
设计简要流程如图18：学式)。
H 2SO3)=6.0×10-9，忽略SO32-的第二步水解，则Ksp(CaSO3)=_______________。
业硫化碱法制取硫代硫酸钠，其反应装置及所需试剂如图20：_______________________。
产品的损失，其具体操作是_________________________。
中加入20mL 0.0lmol·L-1KIO3溶液，并加入过量的KI并酸化，发生下列反应：5I-+IO3-+6H+=3I2+3H2O，。
、1366.8 kJ·mol-1，则ΔH=_____________。
1，回答下列问题：g) ΔH=-29.1kJ/mol。
向体积为1L的密闭容器中充入3mol CH3OH(g)和3mol CO(g)，测得容器内的压入2mol CH3OH 和1mol HCOOCH3后，平衡_______移动(填“正向”“逆向”或“不”)，原因是___________________。
位上的二氯代物有______________种.晶体密度d=_______________g·cm-3有六元环和八元环呈线性片状结构，并且可以降解。
热反应，降低温度向正反应方向进行，压强更小。
重庆八中2018届高三适应性月考(五)英语试卷(含答案)
2018届重庆市第八中学高三高考适应性月考（五）英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers now?A. In a reading-room.B. In a restaurant.C. On a plane.2. What are the speakers talking about?A. A delayed parcel.B. A friend Tony.C. The bad weather.3. What’s the man doing now?A. Seeing a doctor.B. Watching TV.C. Singing a song.4. What is probably the man’s job?A. A porter.B. A salesman.C. A repairman.5. What does the man mean?A. He doesn’t like the woman at all.B. He can’t find the way to the cinema.C. He is not willing to watch the film.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
重庆市2018-2019学年高三适应性月考(五)理科综合试题(物理部分)_word版含全部答案
秘密*启用前重庆市第八中学2019届高考适应性月考卷(五)理科综合（物理部分）本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
第I卷第1页至第5页，第Ⅱ卷第6页至第16页。
考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
满分300分。
考试用时150分钟。
第I卷二、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题6分，每小题给出的四个选项中，第14-17题只有一项是符合题目要求的，第18-21题有多个选项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分。
14.下列说法正确是x 图像，则下15.如图4所示是A、B两质点从同一地点沿同一直线运动的t列说法正确的是A. A质点做匀速直线运动B.4s时A、B两质点相距最远C.前4s内A、B两质点的平均速度相同D. B质点前4s内做加速运动，后4s做减速运动16.如图5所示，两个相同的小球A、B用两根轻绳连接后放置在圆锥筒光滑侧面的不同位置上，绳子上端固定在同一点0，连接A 球的绳子比连接B 球的绳子长，两根绳子都与圆锥筒最靠近的母线平行．当圆锥筒绕其处于竖直方向上的对称轴OO ’以角速度ω匀速转动时，A 、B 两球都处于筒侧面上与筒保持相对静止随筒转动。
下列说法正确的是 A ．两球所受的合力大小相同B ．A 球对绳子的拉力等于B 球对绳子的拉力C ．A 球对圆锥筒的压力小于B 球对圆锥筒的压力D ．两球所需的向心力都等于绳子拉力的水平分力17.一物体由某一固定的足够长斜面的底端以初速度0υ沿斜面上滑，物体质量m=0.5kg 。
斜面的倾角037=θ，物体动能Ek 随离开斜面底端的距离s 变化的图线如图6所示，g 取10m/s 2，不计空气阻力，则以下说法正确的是 A. 斜面与物体间的动摩擦因数μ=0.5 B. 物体沿斜面上滑过程机械能损失为25J C. 物体从最高点下滑过程的加速度大小为10m/s 2D. 物体从底端开始运动到再次回到底端运动总时间为2s18.如图7所示，在虚线所示宽度为d 的范围内，存在竖直向下电场强度为E 的匀强磁场，某种正离子（质量为m ，电荷量为q ）以初速度为0υ垂直于左边界射入，离开右边界时偏转角度为θ。
重庆市第八中学2018届高考适应性月考卷(五)理数-试卷
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【高考模拟】重庆市第八中学2018届高三高考适应性月考(五)理综化学试题Word版含答案
7、化学与生产、生活密切相关，下列说法不正确的是A.酸雨样品露天放置一段时间，酸性增强，是因为发生了氧化还原反应B.将草木灰与NH4H2PO4混合施用，可更好为植物全面提供N、P、K 三种营养元素C.纳米铁粉可将地下水中的NO3-转化为N2，是因为纳米铁粉具有还原性D.生活中常用可溶性铝盐净水，可加速水中悬浮物沉降8、设N A为阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列说法正确的是A.S+2KNO3+3C= K2S+3CO2↑+N2↑每生成0.5mol N2，反应中转移电子数为6N AB.a g C2H4和C3H6混合气体含有的原子数目为a N A/14C.lL 0.2mol/L NaHCO3溶液中含HCO3- 和CO32-的离子数之和为0.2N AD.1mol·L-1的NaClO溶液中含有ClO-的数目小于N A9、化合物a、b的结构简式如图3所示，下列说法正确的是A.化合物b不能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色B.a的消去产物中最多有15个碳原子共面C.a、b均能发生还原反应、取代反应、消去反应D.b分子发生加成反应最多消耗4mol H210、前20号元素W、X、Y、Z原子序数依次递增，W原子最外层电子数是次外层的3倍，X的简单离子半径在同周期中最小。
W、Z的质子数之和等于X、Y的质子数之和，X、Y、Z的最外层电子数之和等于W的核外电子数。
下列说法错误的是A.W与X的简单离子具有相同的电子层结构B.1mol Y的最高价氧化物含共价键数目为4N AC.X、Z分别与W形成的化合物都具有相同类型的化学键D.X、Y的单质均可以和Z的最高价氧化物对应的水化物溶液反应11、下列实验操作、现象和结论均正确的是12、用甲醇燃料电池作电源，用铁作电极电解含Cr2O72-的酸性废水，利用生成的Fe2+可将Cr2O72-转化成Cr(OH)3沉淀而除去，装置如图4。
下列说法正确的是A.由b口加入物质为O2B.燃料电池负极的电极反应式为CH3OH+8OH--6e-= CO32-+6H2OC.电解过程中，Fe(I)质量减少，Fe(Ⅱ)上有气体产生D.电路中每转移6mol电子，最多有lmol Cr2O72-被还原13、常温下，向20mL0.2 mol·L-1H2A溶液中滴加0.2 mol·L-1NaOH溶液。
重庆市第八中学2018届高三高考适应性月考(五)英语试题
重庆市第八中学2018届高三高考适应性月考（五）英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择The Most Popular Cultural Attractions in the WorldThese are the top experiences, tours, and activities, according to TripAdvisor’s new travel trend report. Add them to your list.The VaticanMore than just the headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church and home to the Pope, the Vatican is a treasure of art and architecture. Its museums display an enormous collection of classical sculptures and Renaissance masterp ieces, including Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel and Raphael’s Stanze di Raffaello. Prepare for your trip with a deeper look inside the Vatican.Chicago Architecture River Cruise (游览)So many beautiful buildings, so little time. What better way to view them all than on an architecture-focused cruise on the Chicago River? The 75-minute cruise takes travelers on a journey through the fascinating history of its most storied structures, including the Willis Tower, John Hancock Center, and Riverside Plaza.Warner Bros. StudioThe magical wizarding world of Harry Potter draws devotees from near and far. A walking tour gives visitors a behind-the-scenes look at the film - the set, costumes, props, and more. Pro tip: This exciting experience tends to sell out, so be sure to book in advance.Sagrada FamiliaDesigned by noted Catalan architect Antoni Gaudf, the Sagrada Familia, in Barcelona, Spain, is the largest unfin¬ished Roman Catholic church in the world. The monumental basilica (教堂) has been under construction since 1882. With waits often in excess of three hours, a priority access tour with guide is a great idea.1．If you want to appreciate an attraction on the water, you should go to . A．Vatican B．SpainC．America D．Britain2．Which of the following activities needs to be booked beforehand?A．Visiting Warner Bros. Studio.B．Having a cruise on the Chicago River.C．Enjoying the Renaissance masterpieces.D．Appreciating the church designed by Gaudi.3．What is true about the Sagrada Familia?A．Its construction didn’t start until 1882.B．The Pope is living in the church now.C．It’s the largest Roman Catholic church.D．Visiting it often takes less than 3 hours’ waiting.Eleven years ago, the world as I knew it ended. My husband of 19 years was diagnosed with terminal cancer. Over the course of seven months，Bill went from beating me silly at tennis to needing my help to go to the bathroom. It was the best seven months of my life.Maybe I don’t actually mean that. But it was certainly the time when I felt most a live. I discovered that the minor complaint of an annoying coworker, or a flat tire pales in comparison with the beauty of sincere laughter, or the smells of a bakery. There were moments of joy, laughter, and tenderness. After Bill’s diagnosis and brain su rgery, I found clinical trials and talked to doctors in Texas, Pennsylvania, and New York. It gave me a sense of purpose.In the latter days, being Bill’s caregiver also meant being fully present for as many moments of every day as possible. During his last weekend, we had dinner together. Later, a relative visited. I noticed that she’d changed her appearance, and not in a good way. It was the kind of thought I’d usually keep to myself. Just then, Bill voiced exactly what I’d been thinking, in that truthful way he had, and I found myself laughing out loud.I thought I could look after this man forever. However, he would be dead in four days.Eleven years later, I haven’t started a foundation to cure cancer. I haven’t left the news business to get a medical degree. But every day, I try to again be the person I became during those seven months. I try to be a little less judgmental, a little more forgiving and generous. I am a better person for having been Bill’s caregiver. It was his last, best gift to me.4．What is true about her husband?A．He was a bad tennis player.B．He felt weak because of his brain surgery.C．He had to talk to doctors in different cities.D．He had to be accompanied mostly during his illness.5．What does the underlined word “pales” in Parag raph 2 mean?A．Turns whiter than usual. B．Seems less important.C．Becomes more significant. D．Proves unreasonable.6．The story of their relative in Paragraph 4 is used to show .A．being a caregiver requires much time and effortB．one needs to speak out his own thoughts truthfullyC．change in appearance is a necessary part of one’s lifeD．life needs a sense of humor even faced with hardships7．What is the best title of the passage?A．The Best Time of My Life B．The Greatest Gift to MeC．My Loving Husband D．A Caregiver’s Hard WorkDo you use online ratings and reviews to decide which products and services to buy? Well, we just found out that those ratings may not always lead to the best choices.Online reviews should be helping us make good decisions about what to spend our money on. However, they do help us make decisions — just not necessarily the best ones, according to a new study led by Derek Powell, PhD of Stanford University.Specifically, the study reveals that we tend to buy a product that has more reviews than a product that has less, even if the product with more reviews has lower ratings. When given a choice between two products that have equally bad reviews, we’re still willing to buy the one with more reviews. Dr. Powell asked several hundred people to look at a series of cell phone cases, presented in pairs along with the average user rating and number of reviews for each case, and then indicated which they preferred. The result was that the participants tended to choose the case that had more reviews, rather than better reviews.This herd-mentality is a function of social learning, the process by which new behaviors are learned through observing the behavior of others: “The Internet now provides social evidence on an unprecedented scale. However, properly adopting this evidence requires a capacity for statistical inference.”“Consumers try to use information about other people’s experiences to make good choices, and retailers (零售商) have an motivation to channel consumers toward products they will be satisfied with,” Dr. Powell added. “Our data suggest that retailers might need to rethink how reviews are presented and consumers might need to do more to educate themselves about how to use reviews to guide their choices. That includes absorbing the idea that a larger number ofreviews is not a reliable indicator of a product’s quality.8．Which product do we intend to buy?A．A product with more reviews and no ratings.B．A product with fewer reviews and lower ratings.C．A product with more reviews and lower ratings.D．A product with fewer reviews and higher ratings.9．According to the research, we will make a purchase after .A．observing the behavior of other customersB．analyzing statistics carefullyC．educating ourselves to use reviews properlyD．referring to our former experiences10．What will Dr. Powell agree with?A．No review is reliable when customers buy things online.B．Customers should rethink the way reviews are shown.C．The retailers should teach customers how to use reviews.D．It is not wise to follow the crowd when customers make a purchase.11．What’s the purpose of the passage?A．To argue. B．To inform.C．To persuade. D．To prove.New Zealand plans to bar foreigners from purchasing existing homes. The ban is expected to become law this year. It aims to slow the rising housing prices and protect New Zealanders interested in buying a home.The Labour Party government believes that foreign investors have pushed many possible first-time home buyers and families out of the housing market. Last year, median housing prices across the country rose by 5.8 percent, to over $405,000. Housing prices rose even more in New Zealand’s capital city, Wellington. Price there rose by more than 18 percent over a12-month period that ended in June 2017.The rising prices have pushed home ownership outside the reach of many possible buyers. One home owner told VOA he feels sorry for the younger generation. “I just believe the market has made it impossible for them to get into the housing. ’’ J ust 25 years ago, three out of every four New Zealanders lived in their own homes. Now the rate is 64 percent —and falling.The plan to ban foreigners from buying existing homes has yet to be approved. But the measure, called the Overseas Investment Amendment Bill, passed its first reading in parliament in December. Restricting foreign ownership of housing has been tried in other countries, including Switzerland, “If foreign investors are looking to put their cash into New Zealand, if it then forces u p the price of property, people cannot afford to live anymore.” says Norman Gemmell, chair of public finance at Victoria University.Critics say foreign investors have had only a small effect on the cost of housing. Low interest rates, limited supply and immigration have also driven up house prices.Housing prices continue to make solid gains across the country. And for many New Zealanders, the dream of owning a home is as distant as ever.12．Which is the main factor of the high housing prices, according to the Labour Party government?A．Low interest rates. B．Domestic investors. C．Immigration. D．Foreign buyers.13．What is true about the housing condition in New Zealand?A．Housing prices rose by over 18 percent over a year.B．The housing prices of the capital city rose the least.C．The rate of New Zealanders living in their own houses is decreasing.D．The country has witnessed the highest rise of housing prices up to now.14．What do we know about the ban against housing buying of foreigners?A．It has been approved in New Zealand so far.B．It has won the support of people from all walks of life.C．Similar bans have been adopted in some other countries.D．It will definitely make New Zealanders harder to own a home.15．What does the passage mainly talk about?A．It is hard for the locals to buy a house in New Zealand.B．A ban on stopping foreign home buyers will take effect in New Zealand.C．The prices of houses have been rising sharply in New Zealand.D．There are many reasons for high housing prices in New Zealand.二、七选五It is what failed dieters have long suspected: 16．Scientists have confirmed that themajority of overweight people who try to lose weight either by cutting calories or exercising will return to their former size.Fewer than 10 percent of the 12 million Britons who go on a diet each year succeed in losing significant amounts of weight and 17．The scientists, from the Medical Research Council’s National Survey of Health and Development, followed 5,362 men and women from their birth in 1976 and 20,000 from birth in 1988, measuring their weight and blood pressure and assessing their lifestyles. They found both groups began gaining weight in the 2000s and had steadily increased in size ever since.Dr. Rebecca Hardy, the council’s program leader on body size, said, “Once people become overweight, they continue without doubt upwards.18．It is better to avoid getting fat in the first place. For men, weight goes up steadily through life.19．Experts have suggested evolution means we are programmed to put on weight rather than lose it. Dieting can make this tendency worse as decreasing calorie intake causes the body to go into starvation mode and reduce the amount of energy it naturally expends, making it even harder to lose weight.20．So eating less and taking more exercise can increase fitness and lower blood pressure.A．They hardly ever go back down.B．Overweight people are born fat.C．Fat people really can’t keep the weight off.D．most of those do put it all back on again within a year.E.few of those can keep on exercising and eating less food.F.For women, it starts slowly and accelerates in the mid-thirties.G.But the study’s findings do not mean dieting is pointless and useless.三、完形填空Louis Cha, better known by his pen name Jin Yong, is an established writer of the classic Chinese Wuxia novel series The Condor Trilogy, A Hero Born.Cha 21 to Cambridge University for a master’s degree. Aged 81, he became one of the oldest students to 22 in the university’s history.Cha and his wife left their finely-furnished house in Hongkong and rented a much 23 one near Cambridge. It was 24 that after a careful discussion they hired an Italian25 so that they could eat Chinese food in an Italian style.Every day, Cha 26 a schoolbag containing books and materials for class. As a famous kung fu 27 , he has many fans. Whenever asked for his signature, he would28 them politely and tell them if instead of 29 class, he was taking a walk or having a coffee, he would 30 for them.“Cha used to go to class by bike. However, his wife 31 that cars in the campus might knock him down. Then, the bike was 32 , but Cha called himself an old man with little sense of 33 and before long he 34 the car too. Now he uses a taxi.”When Cha was very 35 , his mother once compared him to his star cousin Xu Zhimo who went to Cambridge. Cha was a little 36 , determining to prove himself by studying in Cambridge too. 37 , the most important reason is his strong thirst for knowledge. Cha said, “Some people think I am not 38 to be the director of Literature School in Zhejiang University. I don’t retort (反驳), but I can always 39 my own knowledge.”As the most accomplished and highly productive founding father of Chinese Wuxia classics, Cha’s consistent 40 to learn really deserves our admiration. 21．A．applied B．graduated C．appealed D．entitled22．A．enter B．enroll C．write D．show23．A．shabbier B．costlier C．bigger D．brighter24．A．serious B．challenging C．considerate D．interesting 25．A．babysitter B．nurse C．chef D．teacher26．A．sends B．carries C．holds D．chooses27．A．scholar B．director C．artist D．novelist28．A．refuse B．accept C．approve D．appreciate29．A．delivering B．skipping C．conducting D．attending 30．A．interpret B．write C．sign D．explain31．A．expected B．predicted C．feared D．argued32．A．changed B．replaced C．destroyed D．exchanged33．A．humor B．business C．direction D．achievement34．A．gave up B．took up C．sold out D．used up35．A．old B．young C．sick D．lazy36．A．sad B．surprised C．demanding D．jealous37．A．However B．Therefore C．Furthermore D．Consequently38．A．welcomed B．qualified C．recruited D．elected39．A．test B．show C．prove D．increase40．A．hesitation B．intelligence C．willingness D．ability四、用单词的适当形式完成短文Chomolungma, “Goddess Mother of the World,” the local name of Mount Everest, is a fitting name for the 41．(high) peak on earth. Mount Everest 42．(worship) by followers of the Buddhist religion, and two temples, respectively in Nepal (尼泊尔) and China have been built 43．(face) the peak.In 1852, a British surveyor excitedly burst into his supervisor’s office and made an 44．(announce): “Sir, I have discovered the world’s summit!” Thus the world outside the Himalayas learned of Everest’s claim to fame. However, the remoteness of the peak, its “thin air,” the 45．(predict) climate, and political and religious reasons delayed the first climbing plan. It was not until 1921 46．an attempt was made.Numerous later expeditions failed,47．each time, climbers got closer to the summit. New equipment, including oxygen 48．(tank) for the thin air, helped.49．May 29, 1953, a New Zealand beekeeper named Hillary and his Nepalese guide Tenzig reached the top of the world and planted 50．national flags.五、短文改错51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
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7、化学与生产、生活密切相关，下列说法不正确的是A.酸雨样品露天放置一段时间，酸性增强，是因为发生了氧化还原反应B.将草木灰与NH4H2PO4混合施用，可更好为植物全面提供N、P、K 三种营养元素C.纳米铁粉可将地下水中的NO3-转化为N2，是因为纳米铁粉具有还原性D.生活中常用可溶性铝盐净水，可加速水中悬浮物沉降8、设N A为阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列说法正确的是A.S+2KNO3+3C= K2S+3CO2↑+N2↑每生成0.5mol N2，反应中转移电子数为6N AB.a g C2H4和C3H6混合气体含有的原子数目为a N A/14C.lL 0.2mol/L NaHCO3溶液中含HCO3- 和CO32-的离子数之和为0.2N AD.1mol·L-1的NaClO溶液中含有ClO-的数目小于N A9、化合物a、b的结构简式如图3所示，下列说法正确的是A.化合物b不能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色B.a的消去产物中最多有15个碳原子共面C.a、b均能发生还原反应、取代反应、消去反应D.b分子发生加成反应最多消耗4mol H210、前20号元素W、X、Y、Z原子序数依次递增，W原子最外层电子数是次外层的3倍，X的简单离子半径在同周期中最小。
W、Z的质子数之和等于X、Y的质子数之和，X、Y、Z的最外层电子数之和等于W的核外电子数。
下列说法错误的是A.W与X的简单离子具有相同的电子层结构B.1mol Y的最高价氧化物含共价键数目为4N AC.X、Z分别与W形成的化合物都具有相同类型的化学键D.X、Y的单质均可以和Z的最高价氧化物对应的水化物溶液反应11、下列实验操作、现象和结论均正确的是12、用甲醇燃料电池作电源，用铁作电极电解含Cr2O72-的酸性废水，利用生成的Fe2+可将Cr2O72-转化成Cr(OH)3沉淀而除去，装置如图4。
下列说法正确的是A.由b口加入物质为O2B.燃料电池负极的电极反应式为CH3OH+8OH--6e-= CO32-+6H2OC.电解过程中，Fe(I)质量减少，Fe(Ⅱ)上有气体产生D.电路中每转移6mol电子，最多有lmol Cr2O72-被还原13、常温下，向20mL0.2 mol·L-1H2A溶液中滴加0.2 mol·L-1NaOH溶液。
有关微粒的物质的量变化如图5所示（其中Ⅰ代表H2A，Ⅱ代表HA-，Ⅲ代表A2-），根据图示判断，下列说法正确的是A.当V( NaOH )= 20mL时，pH<7B.当V(NaOH)= 20mL时，溶液中离子浓度大小关系为c(Na+)>c(A2-)>c(OH-)>c(HA-)>c(H+)C.当V(NaOH)= 10mL时，有c(Na+)=2[c(HA-)+c(A2-)+c(H2A)D.当V(NaOH)= 30mL时，2c(H+)+3c(H2A)+c(HA-)= 2c(OH-)+c(A2-)26、（14分）某工厂为了节能减排，将烟道气中SO2和含Ca(OH)2、NaOH的废碱液作用，经过一系列化学变化，最终得到石膏和过二硫酸钠(Na2S2O8)。
设计简要流程如图18：（1）操作a的名称是____________________。
废碱液经操作a得到的固体为___________(填化学式)。
（2）向溶液I中通入足量的空气发生反应的化学方程式为_____________________________。
（3）已知用惰性电极电解SO42-可生成S2O82-，其过程如图19所示，S2O82-中S的化合价为__________，阳极生成Na2S2O8的电极反应式为____________________________；在整个流程中可以循环利用的物质是H2O 和_________________ (填化学式)。
（4）若制取1mol Na2S2O8且阳极有11.2L的氧气产生(标准状况)。
则电解生成的H2在标准状况下的体积为______________L。
（5）烟道气中的SO2可用石灰水吸收，生成亚硫酸钙浊液。
常温下，测得某纯CaSO3与水形成的浊液为9，已知K a1 (H2SO3)=1.8×10-2，K a2 (H2SO3)=6.0×10-9，忽略SO32-的第二步水解，则Ksp(CaSO3)=_______________。
27、(15分) 硫代硫酸钠(Na2S2O3·5H2O) 俗名“大苏打”。
易溶于水，难溶于乙醇，沸点为100℃，酸性或加热条件下易分解。
某实验室模拟工业硫化碱法制取硫代硫酸钠，其反应装置及所需试剂如图20：回答下列问题：（1）装置A可用于观察SO2的生成速率，其中的液体最好选择_____________(填序号)。
若装置堵塞使气流不畅，则A中的现象为_______________________________。
a.蒸馏水b.饱和Na2SO3溶液c.饱和NaHSO3溶液d.饱和NaHCO3溶液（2）尾气处理可以选择以下装置中的________(填序号)。
（3）反应过程中若pH值小于7则会降低产率，请用离子方程式解释原因：_________________________。
（4）请写出装置C中发生反应的化学方程式：_________________________。
（5）反应结束后，取C中混合物趁热过滤，取滤液于蒸发皿中，______________，抽滤，洗涤，低温下干燥得产品。
洗涤时要尽量减少产品的损失，其具体操作是_________________________。
（6）为检验制得的产品的纯度，该实验小组称取4g 的产品配制成250mL 硫代硫酸钠溶液，并用间接碘量法标定该溶液的浓度：在锥形瓶中加入20mL 0.0lmol·L-1KIO3溶液，并加入过量的KI并酸化，发生下列反应：5I-+IO3-+6H+=3I2+3H2O，再加入几滴淀粉溶液，立即用所配的Na2S2O3溶液滴定，发生反应：I2+2S2O32-=2I-+ S4O62-，实验数据如下表：当滴入最后一滴Na2S2O3溶液时，溶液___________，且半分钟内不变化，则达到终点。
计算该产品的纯度是____________________________。
28、（14分）运用化学反应原理研究碳、氮的单质及其化合物的反应对缓解环境污染、能源危机具有重要意义。
（1）乙醇是一种重要的燃料，工业上利用乙烯制酒精：C2H4(g)+H2O(l)=C2H5OH(l) ΔH，已知乙烯、乙醇的燃烧热分别是1411.0kJ·mol-1、1366.8 kJ·mol-1，则ΔH=_____________。
（2）用Cu2Al2O4作催化剂，一定条件下发生反应：CO2(g)+CH4(g)CH3COOH(g)，温度与催化剂的催化效率和乙酸的生成速率的关系如图21，回答下列问题：①200~250℃时，乙酸的生成速率升高的主要原因是____________________________。
②300~400℃时，乙酸的生成速率升高的主要原因是____________________________。
（3）甲醇作为一种重要的化工原料。
在一定条件下可利用甲醇羰基化法制取甲酸甲酯，其反应原理可表示为CH3OH(g)+CO(g)HCOOCH3(g) ΔH=-29.1kJ/mol。
向体积为1L的密闭容器中充入3mol CH3OH(g)和3mol CO(g)，测得容器内的压强(p: kPa) 随时间(t: min) 的变化关系如图22 中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ曲线所示：①Ⅱ和Ⅰ相比，Ⅱ中改变的反应条件是_______________________。
②Ⅲ和Ⅰ相比，Ⅲ中改变的反应条件是_________________，判断的理由是________________________。
③反应Ⅰ在5min 时达到平衡，在此条件下从反应开始到达到平衡时v(CH3OH)= ________________。
④反应Ⅱ在2min 时达到平衡，平衡常数K(Ⅱ)= ______________。
在体积和温度不变的条件下，在上述反应达到平衡Ⅱ时，再往容器中加入2mol CH3OH 和1mol HCOOCH3后，平衡_______移动(填“正向”“逆向”或“不”)，原因是____________________________________________。
35、[化学一一选修3：物质结构与性质] (15分)硼系高温超导材料都具有良好的应用前景。
回答下列问题：（1）B的基态原子价电子排布式为____________________。
BF3的立体构型是_____________________。
H3BO3为一元酸，与足量NaOH溶液反应得到[B(OH)4 ]-，[B(OH)4]-中B的杂化轨道类型为__________________________。
（2）NaBH4被认为是有机化学上的“万能还原剂”，NaBH4的电子式为_________________，其中三种元素的电负性由大到小的顺序是__________________________。
（3）硼与氮形成类似苯的化合物硼氮苯(B3N3H6)，俗称无机苯(如图29)。
硼氮苯属于____________（填“极性”或“非极性”）分子，其间位上的二氯代物有______________种.（4）NH4BF4 (氟硼酸铵)是合成氮化硼纳米管的原料之一。
1mol NH4BF4含有_________mol 配位键。
（5）硼与镁形成的高温超导材料晶体结构如图30 所示（B在六棱柱柱体内）。
该六方晶胞中镁原子与硼原子的数量比为_____________，晶体密度d=_______________g·cm-336、【化学一一选修5：有机化学基础】（15分）如图31，现有芳香族化合物A，分子式为C8H8O3，含有两种官能团，A 的核磁共振氢谱存在6组峰。
高聚物H不能降解，而高聚物F中含有六元环和八元环呈线性片状结构，并且可以降解。
已知：①酚羟基极易被氧化；②—CHO+(C6H5)3P=CH一R→—CH=CH—R+(C6H5)3P = O；③。
（1）化合物A中的官能团名称为_______________。
反应(Ⅱ) (Ⅳ)的反应类型分别是_______________。
（2）化合物H的结构为____________________________。
（3）有同学提出可以将A 与KMnO4直接氧化反应得到E，请解释这样反应的不恰当之处。
___________________________________________。
（4）反应(Ⅰ) 的化学方程式为________________________________，反应(Ⅵ) 的化学方程式为________________________________。