上海市浦东新区2018-2019学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题 含解析

2018-2019学年浦东新区第二学期高一英语期中试卷Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary 17%Section A 8%Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The way we tell stories has naturally changed since Aristotle defined the rules of tragedy about 2,500 years ago. According to him, the role of storytelling is to imitate life and make us feel emotions. And that’s exactly what storytelling as we know it has done very well since then. But there is an aspect of life ___1___ storytelling could never really reproduce. It is the notion of choices.Choices are a very important part of our lives. We as individuals ___2___ (define) by the choices we make. As an interactive writer, ___3___ (fascinate) with the idea of recreating this notion of choices in fiction, I have tried to put the audience in the shoes of the main characters. ___4___ (explore) a way to achieve this is what I did in the past 20 years of my life.So do you have an idea of ___5___ my work is about as an interactive writer? Where a writer needs to deal with time and space, as an interactive writer, I need to deal with time, space and possibilities.I need to think about all the possibilities ___6___ the characters could encounter different people and different things in a given scene and try to imagine everything that ___7___ happen.The interactive writer’s experience is very unique, ___8___ it is the result of the cooperation between a writer creating this narrative landscape and the player making his own decisions, telling his own story and becoming the cowriter but also the coactor and the codirector of the story. Interactive storytelling is a revolution in the way we tell stories.【答案】1. that2. are defined3. fascinated4. Exploring5. what6. that7. may 8. because【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者讲述了自己作为互动作家的独特经历。

【1题详解】考查定语从句。

句意：但生活中有一个方面是讲故事永远无法重现的。

分析句子结构可知此处为定语从句，主句以there be开头，先行词为物，且从句中缺少reproduce的宾语时常用that或which引导定语从句，故填that。

【2题详解】考查时态语态。

句意：我们作为个体是由我们所做的选择所定义的。

individuals 与define之间是被动关系，且为一般情况，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are defined。

【3题详解】考查非谓语动词。

句意：作为一个互动的作家，我着迷于在小说中再现这种选择的概念，我试着让读者站在主要人物的立场上思考。

be fascinated with表示“着迷于”，此处去掉be作状语，故填fascinated。

【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。

句意：探索实现这一目标的方法是我过去20年里一直所做的事情。

此处用动名词作主语，故填Exploring。

【5题详解】考查宾语从句。

句意：你知道作为互动作家我的工作是什么吗？此处为跟在of后的宾语从句，从句中的about缺少宾语，故填what。

【6题详解】考查同位语从句。

句意：我需要考虑角色在给定场景中遇到不同的人和事的所有可能性，并试着想象可能发生的一切。

分析句子结构可知，此处为同位语从句，从句结构完整，用that解释说明possibilities的内容，故填that。

【7题详解】考查情态动词。

句意参考上题解析，根据句意可知此处表示“可能”，故填may。

【8题详解】考查连词。

句意：互动作家的经历是非常独特的，因为它是创作叙事场景的作家和做出自己的决定的玩家之间合作的结果。

前后是因果关系，此处表示原因，故填because。

Section B 9%Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be usedonce. Note that there is one word more than you need.The brain is a seemingly endless library, whose shelves house our most precious memories. To allow new memories to form, old information is sometimes pushed out of the brain.Previous studies have shown that learning new information can lead to ____9____. But in a new study, researchers showed for the first time how this effect ____10____ in the brain.In daily life, forgetting actually has clear ____11____. Imagine, for instance, that you lost your bank card. The new card you receive will come with a new personal identification number (PIN). Each time you remember the new PIN, you gradually forget the old one. This process improves access to ____12____ information, without old memories interfering.And most of us may sometimes feel ____13____ when old memories interfere with new, relevant memories. Consider trying to remember where you parked your car in the same car park you were at a week earlier. This type of memory is particularly interfering.When we get new information, the brain automatically tries to combine it with existing information by ____14____ associations. And when we retrieve（检索）information, both the desired and ____15____ but irrelevant information is recalled.The majority of previous research has focused on how we learn and remember new information. But current studies are beginning to put greater ____16____ on the conditions under which we forget, as its importance begins to be more appreciated.A very small number of people are able to remember almost every detail of their life. Though it may sound like an advantage to many, people with this rare condition often find their ____17____ ability troublesome. In a sense, normal forgetting may help to ensure our brain doesn’t become too full.【答案】9. D 10. G11. F 12. H13. B 14. E15. A 16. C17. J【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在一项新的研究中，研究人员首次展示了学习新信息会导致遗忘这种效应是如何在大脑中发生的。