新四级第六部分translation
2020年6月英语四级翻译真题及答案
2020年6月英语四级翻译真题及答案2020年6月英语四级翻译真题及答案Part VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions Directions：： Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上; 请在答题卡2上作答。
87. The university authorities did not approve the regulation, ________________(也没有解释为什么也没有解释为什么也没有解释为什么).). 88. Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she _____________(能被分配做另一项工作能被分配做另一项工作).).89. John rescued the drowning child______________________________________(______________________________________(冒着自己生命危险冒着自己生命危险冒着自己生命危险).).90. George called his boss from the airport but it _______________________________(_______________________________(接电话的却是他的助手接电话的却是他的助手接电话的却是他的助手).).91. Although he was interested in philosophy,________________________(________________________(他的父亲说服他他的父亲说服他他的父亲说服他) majoring in law.) majoring in law. 参考答案Part VI Translation87. ① nor did they make any explanation;② nor did they give the reason for doing so;③ and didn’t explain thereasons either88. ① could be assigned to another job;② could be assigned to do another job89. at the risk of his own lifeistant who answered / picked up the90. ① was his assphone;② turned out that his assistant answered / picked up the phone;③ turned out to be his assistant91. his father persuaded him into / talked him into。
全新版大学英语第四册Unit6
Unit 6T ext A Old Father Time Becomes a T errorIn many ways, the style of this piece is typical of a certain variety of journalism. It is clearly not a new story, but nonetheless belongs within the pages of a newspaper. Such writing finds its home in the editorial or comment section where journalists and others contribute regular or occasional columns reflecting on topical issues.Unlike news stories where reporters are expected to confine themselves to the facts; such columns are intended to give free range to the expression of personal opinion. At the same time, particularly in the more serious papers (and the paper from which this comes, the Financial Times, certainly belongs to this category) the writer is expected display this familiarity with the problem under discussion.This is frequently achieved by employing concession. Thus, here the writer, having outlined the problem of the pressure of time, goes on to concede that not everybody is affected to the same extent. He then details the differences that exist before returning to his more general point and concluding with his solution, another characteristic ingredient of such editorial articles.His general conclusion is hardly new, having been advice offered by philosophers for as back as one cares to go, but gains novelty set against the context to recent technological developments.Although not a news story, the article nevertheless shares with newspaper reporting in general a taste for seeking support from the use of direct quotations from a number of different people. These quotations are provided together with the name of the person and background information on them.These details add human interest and support the argument by reference to the utterances of someone who appear to be in a position to know. As the quotations record spoken rather than written English, the tone of language is often colloquial. The frequent peppering of an article with this type of direct quotation stands in contrast to what is usual in a more purely academic essay.TIntroduction of the Author:•Richard TomkinsTheconsumer industries editor of the Financial Times, where he has been a member of the editorial staff since 1983. He is currently based at the company’s London headquarters, whe re he leads a team of journalists covering the consumer goods sector and writes about consumer trends, Tomkins was born in Walsall, England, in 1952. His formal education ended at the age of seventeen.Before becoming a journalist, he was a casual laborer, a factory worker, a truck driver, a restaurant cashier, a civil servant, and an assistant private secretary to a government minister. He left government service in1978 to hitchhike around the world, and on returning to the U.K. in 1978,joined a local newspaper as a trainee reporter.He joined the Financial Times as a sub-editor(副编辑, 副主编) four years later. In this selection, he discusses the time squeeze that many people are experiencing and offers a way of combating the problem.Part IIPre-questionsPPre-questions1. How does the singer treat his diary? Why? (He treats it as a friend, to whom he can pour out hisinmost feelings.)2. Can we infer what attitude the singer takes towards the pace of life today? (It’s unwise forpeople to be always in a rush, so much so that they don’t have time either for each other or for themselves.)3. Do you keep a diary? What sort of things do you write about?4. What does the singer think about how other people spend their time?Part IIIComprehension Questions1, What did we use to expect from technology?2、In what ways have inventions such as the motorcar and the aircraft affected our life? And whatabout the advent of washing machine?3、What new burdens has technology produced apart from cramming work into our leisure time?4、How fast is information generated today as compared to a couple of centuries ago?5、What is Edward Wilson’s purpose in subscribing to sixty-old journals and magazine?6、What gives rise to our discontent with super abundance?7、Is everyone time-starved today? What percentage of the population is suffering under thestresses and strains of life today?8、What is stress envy, as conceived by Paul Edwards?9、How much free time has the average American gained since the mid-1960s?How are the gainsdistributed between the sexes?10、What is mean t by the “the growth of the work-life debate”?11、What does Godbey mean by saying “It’s the kid in the candy store”?12、For time stress, what remedy does the author offer?Part IV Language Points1. on the go / upon the go:(infml) active or busy [口]在进行活动, 忙碌; 刚要动身; 有醉意Examples:I’ve been on the go all week, preparing my thesis.I was on the go all day and went home at about 10’oclock in the evening.Part IV2. set about：begin（a task）；start（doing sth.）（used in the pattern：set about sth./doing sth.; no passive）开始, 着手; 散布(谣言) ; [口]攻击; [俚]接连殴打, 乱打Example:The school authorities must set about finding solutions to the campus security problems.My mom and I set about clearing up / clearing the table after the guests left. 动手收拾(餐桌)--set about one's work开始工作Part IVPart I*3. eat into:gradually reduce the amount of (sth. valuable); damage or destroy腐蚀; 侵蚀; 消耗; 用掉一部分(eat in在家里吃饭, eat out)Examples:All these car expenses are eating into our savings.Responsibilities at home and work eat into his time.Our holiday travel has eaten into the money we saved.我们的假日旅游耗费了我们积蓄起来的钱。
大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)-试卷261
大学英语四级改革适用（段落翻译）-试卷261(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Translation(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.Part Ⅳ Translation（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.道教(Taoism)是中国土生土长的宗教，已经影响了中国人两千多年。
道教有三个起源，最古老的是“ 黄帝”(Yellow Emperor)传说。
第二个来源是庄子的作品。
但最著名的是老子的《道德经》。
道家强调自由、自然、修身养性 (self-cultivation)，甚至追求永生 (immortality)。
道教对中国文化的许多领域都产生了深刻而持久的影响，包括艺术、哲学、医学和美食，并在东亚地区广泛流传。
（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Taoism is a Chinese native religion that has shaped Chinese life for more than 2,000 years. There are three sources of Taoism's origin, with the oldest being the legend of "Yellow Emperor". The second source is Zhuangzi's works, while the most famous one is Laozi's Dao De Jing. Taoism emphasizes freedom, nature, self-cultivation and even pursues immortality. Taoism has had a deep and lasting influence in many fields of Chinese culture, including the arts, philosophy, medicine, and cuisine. It has also spread widely throughout East Asia.)解析：解析：1．第1句有两个分句，其主语都是“道教”，翻译时可选用其中一个分句作为句子的主句，另一分句处理成状语或定语从句。
新标准大学英语第四册综合教程课后翻译—Translation
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Active reading 2: Resources
Translation
Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.
Today, while most of us marry for romantic reasons, marriage at its core is still a financial union. So much of what we want – or don’t want – out of life boils down to dollars and cents, whether it’s how hard we choose to work, how much we consume or how much we save.
Active reading 2: Resources
Translation
Translate the paragraph from English into Chinese: If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?
Translation
“A lot of the debates people have about money are code for how we want to live our lives,” said Betsey Stevenson, assistant professor of business and public policy at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School, who researches the economics of marriage and divorce. “A lot of the choices we make in how we want to live our lives involve how we spend our money.”
(完整word版)新标准大学英语四综合教程Unit1-6课文及翻译
If you ask me1If you ask me, real life is not all it's cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It's just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that's before I've had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I'm interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won't even last till the end of the year, let alone till I'm 60.3 I didn't really want to go out to work just yet. I mean, I wasn't a dropout and I knew I'd have to some day. According to any number of people "life's not a picnic", "there's no such thing as a free lunch". But given that I'd got a good degree, I thought I'd like to go on to get my master's. Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE) . Top school, very good for my CV. But I talked to my mum about it, and she said she couldn't afford to support me any more. I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics. She'd worked hard for 15 years to give me an education. My dad wasn't around most of the time, and when he was, he didn't have any money. He'd spent it gambling on the dogs or down the pub. So it came to the point when I just agreed with Mum, and bowed myself towards the inevitable.4 If you ask me, and despite everything you hear, fortunately there are some really nice people out there. Take Mike, for example. When I left university, what I thought was that my mum would feel obliged to look after me if I returned home. So I packed up my belongings and went to London to get a job. I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree. But by that time, there were no jobs left, and I didn't really want to end up in some boring office, doing photocopies and making the tea.5 Go anywhere you like in London and there's usually a good pub. The day I realized no one in the city was going to offer me a job, I went into The Salisbury on Leadenhall Street for a drink and something to eat. Mike the landlord was at the bar, pouring pints with one hand, making sandwiches with the other, and washing the glasses all at the same time—it's true, he really did seem to have three hands. He also seemed to know everyone, and greeted the regulars by name, getting their drinks ready with the question, "The usual today, is it?" I thought he looked kind of cool, he was doing what he did best, serving thirsty clients, and no one did it better. So I went up to him and asked him whether there was a job for me.6 Well, to cut a long story short, I started work in the pub one Friday lunch time. It was quite demanding work, but I liked it. People seemed to find me amusing and it made me feel better too. There was one middle-aged regular in a suit who always had a half of bitter and a ham and pickle sandwich, with the crusts cut off. When I saw Tony coming, I tried to have his lunch ready for him even before he asked. He was another one of those really nice people.7 If you ask me, spending money when you don't have any is dead easy. I began to think about how I'd spend my first month's wages. The flat where I was staying was expensive, and I just about had enough to cover the first month's substantial bills. But I calculated that there'dbe just enough money over to treat myself to something. Why not get a CD or maybe a plant to cheer up the flat? I thought.8 It was my birthday on pay day. Apart from Mike and Tony, I didn't have any friends in London. Seeing that I didn't have a boyfriend either, you can understand why I began to feel sorry for myself. So I ordered myself some flowers, and asked them to be sent with a little card, saying "With all my love Anon." The highlight of my birthday would be the confused look on the florist's eyes when he delivered them.9 Later that week, Tony came in as usual and sat down at the bar. "What's wrong with you? Where's that smile gone today?" I talked to him about... well, about pretty well everything, money, the master's, my birthday, the lot. He sympathized with me.10 Tony got up from his stool, and went over to talk to some of the others. Remember: The Salisbury is right in the heart of the city, so all the customers were in banking or insurance or the stock market. Next day he turned up with cheques to the value of £20,000. "This is a loan for you to set up your business. The only collateral you have is my trust in you that one day, you'll pay us back—if you can. And if you can't, too bad, that's the finance business for you. But I think you will."11 I didn't say anything for fear that I was going to cry. What were the odds on anyone being so nice?12 And the flowers? I redirected them to my mum, and they arrived for her on my birthday. She deserved them, don't you think?13 If you ask me, looking back after all these years, you only need one or two breaks in your life to succeed. The fact that the rest is hard work doesn't matter, it's still worth it.14 After a year working at The Salisbury, I got a place at the LSE, did my master's and found a job in an investment bank. I in vested the £20,000, and sold out before the 2008 crash.I paid back Tony and the other investors, with ten per cent annual interest, and set up my own firm. It exceeded all my expectations and is still a thriving business.15 Tony wrote me a thank-you note. He'd been in a car accident, and couldn't walk. The money I paid back would allow him to adapt his house so he could move around it in his wheelchair. This is what he wrote:16 "Thirty-five years in banking, and I've never made a better investment than the loan to you. You've repaid the money with interest, and my trust in you and your honesty 100-fold. If you ask me, investing in people gives the best return you can ever hope for."17 If you ask me, he's right. What do you think?依我看依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么好。
英语四级新改革英汉互译
英语四级新改革英汉互译四级英汉翻译一、四合院四合院是从明代的北京延续下来的古典建筑风格的住宅。
四合院之间的狭窄的街道被称为“胡同”。
一个四合院有园林包围着四个房子，有高高的围墙保护。
四合院与胡同都是人们常见到的，有超过700多年的历史，但是由于现在的城市改造和中国经济的发展，四合院慢慢地从北京消失。
Si He Yuan is a classical architecture style of residential hous?ing of Beijing citizens dated from the Ming Dynasty. The narrow streets between the Si He Yuan are called “Hutong，’s.A single implementation of Si He Yuan comprises of garden surrounded by four houses and protected by high walls. Si He Yuan with Hutong which have been very familiar to people，having a history of more than 700 years now suffer from the ur?ban renovation and economic development of China, and they are slowly disappearing from Beijing.二、茶马古道茶马古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)两边，生活着20多个少数民族。
不同的地方有着各自美丽而神奇的自然风景和传统文化，比如:大理，丽江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅鲁藏布江大峡谷和布达拉宫(Potala Palace)。
古道的两旁有庙宇、岩石壁画、骚站(post house),古桥和木板路，还有少数民族舞蹈和民族服装。
新四级翻译之--动词时态的翻译
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一般过去时
• 2.各大文明古国几乎都有自己的民族医药体 系, 其中又以中国的中医药体系最为完备, 成 就最大。
• Ancient civilizations all had their own national drug system, among which the Chinese system was the most comprehensive and achieved the greatest results.
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一般现在时
• 3.可以说, 中国的的中医药体系是古代医药 科学的最高表现。
• We could say that the Chinese traditional drug system is the supreme representation of the type . 委婉语
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一般现在时 • 4.中药绝大部分来源于天然植物, 其次是动
物、矿物等。 • Traditional Chinese drugs come mostly
from natural plants, with some from animals and minerals.
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Chinese Medicine
• As is commonly known, until the most recent centuries people fought against disease with traditional drugs.Ancient civilizations all had their own national drug system, among which the Chinese system was the most comprehensive and achieved the greatest results.We could say that the Chinese traditional drug system is the supreme representation of the type .Traditional Chinese drugs come mostly from natural plants, with some from animals and minerals.There are about 5000 traditional drugs in use across China, and countless prescriptions made with those drugs.
英语四级翻译练习Translation
这种形式的手工艺代代相传，现在已经在中国 和世界各地越来越受欢送。
The handicraft has been passed down from one generation to another and now enjoboth at home and abroad.
Thank You!
谢谢！
中国结最初是由手工艺人创造的，经过数百 年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺 术和工艺。在古代，人们用它来记录事件， 但现在主要是用于装饰的目的。“结〞在中 文里意味这爱情丶婚姻和团聚,中国结常常作 为礼物交换或用作饰品祈求好运和辟邪。这 种形式的手工艺代代相传，现在已经在中国 和世界各地越来越受欢送。
“Knot〞 signifies love, marriage and reunion in Chinese. Often used as gift exchange and decoration, Chinese knot is believed to bring good luck as well as ward off evil spirits.
由于食物对安康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力 在谷物，肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡。所以中餐 美味又安康。
As food is vital for our health, a good chef is always trying to strike a balance among grains, meat and vegetables. That’s why Chinese cuisine is tasty and healthy.
中国结最初是由手工艺人创造的，经过数百年 不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和 工艺。
The Chinese knot， originally invented by the craftsmen ， has become an elegant and colorful art and craft over hundreds of years’ improvement.
大学英语四级翻译课课件
Translation Certification and Training Opportunities
1
Certification Prog ram s
翻译师资格考试和翻译认证项目可以
Professional D evelopm ent
其重要的。
预算和时间限制下交付满意的工作。
专业的翻译师应该持证上岗并接受培
训。
3
Com m unity of Practice
翻译师需要在社区活跃，并保持与同 行的交流。这有助于知识的分享和翻 译技能的提高。
M achine Translation and Its Im pact on H um an Translation
M ajor Translation Theories and A p p ro ach es
1
Equivalence Theory
翻译的目标是保持源语言和目标语言
C om m unicative Theory
2
之间的等价关系，使用同样的表达形 式和文化背景。
翻译的目的是使得信息在不同的文化
背景下交流，并且翻译应该考虑读者
Im pact on the T ran s latio n Industry
机器翻译正在迅速改变翻
译的方式，创造出新的就
业机会和挑战。
Com parison between Translation and Interpretation
Tran s latio n 翻译是转换一种语言到另一种语言的过程。 它通常发生在文字之间。 翻译需要更好的时间管理和仔细的审核过程。 在翻译中，社会背景和文化因素至关重要。
大学英语4课文翻译unit6（2）
第六单元生活节奏课文A随着当今世界生活节奏日益加快，我们似乎一直在不停奔忙。
事情那么多，时间却那么少，我们该怎么办?里查德·汤姆金斯着手解决这一问题，并提出了建议。
时间老人成了可怕的老人理查德·汤姆金斯从前，我们以为技术发展会使我们的生活变得更安逸。
那时我们觉得机器会替代我们工作，我们则有越来越多的时间休闲娱乐。
但技术发展没有把我们解放出来，而是使我们成为奴隶。
新技术纷至沓来，令人目不暇接：一年涌现的技术创新相当于以前一千年。
而每一项新发明问世，就进一步吞噬我们的光阴。
比如，汽车曾使我们希望个人出行会方便得让人难以想像。
可如今，城市车辆运行得比马车时代还要慢，我们因交通堵塞而困在车内，徒然浪费生命。
飞机也曾有可能为我们拓展新天地。
问题是，飞机提供了新的天地。
其存在本身产生了对耗时的长途旅行的需求，这种旅行，如越洋购物，或远道前往地球的另一半参加会议，以前我们是根本无法想象的。
在大多数情况下，技术发展并未节省时间，而是使我们得以做更多的事。
在家里，洗衣机可望使妇女摆脱繁重的洗衣劳作。
但事实上，它们促使我们每天，而不是每星期换一次衣服，这就使熨洗衣物的工作量变成原来的7倍。
同样地，每周一次的沐浴为每日一次的淋浴所代替，使得用于个人穿着打扮的时间大大增加。
与此同时，技术发展不仅听任工作侵入我们的闲暇时间——带着便携式电脑去海滩综合症——而且添加了收发传真、电子邮件和语音邮件这些新的负担。
技术发展还向我们提供机会，在个人电脑上一连几小时处理软件故障，或把因特网上那些无用的信息塞进自己的大脑。
除去技术发展，因特网指出了我们为何感到时间如此紧迫的第二个原因：信息爆炸。
几个世纪以前，人类积累的几乎所有知识都能装在若干哲人的大脑之中。
四级的Translation
定语从句的翻译法
1. （在他手下工作的人）对他怕得要死。 The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. 2. (是他接到那封信)，说你叔叔去世了。 It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle.
3. 学校里发生了许多事情，（她的父亲并 不知道）。 A good deal went on in the school which her father didn’t know. 4.楼下有人要见你。 There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.
8. 说得好不如做得好。(增词) It is better to do well than to say well. 9. 头一遭借钱，下一遭就讨饭。(省词) First you borrow, then you beg. 10. 在那群人中，有些人每天站在那里，站 了一个月。（合译+使用从句） There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month.
3. 从全国各地来的人当中有许多是南方人。 （分译） There are men here from all over the country. Many of them are from the south. 4. 1844年，恩格斯与马克思相遇并成了好 朋友。（分译） In 1844, Engels met Marx, and then they became friends.
新视野第四册unit6翻译
1. Translate the following sentences into English.1. 假设你发现了你自己的同事受贿，你会不会无动于衷呢？(Use "suppose" asa conjunction.)Key for reference: Suppose you found out that your colleague takes bribes, would you just ignore it?2. 他如此固执，我们已对他失望了。
跟他争论一点意义都没有。
(give up on; it is + adjective + to do/that-clause)Key for reference: We've given up on him because he is so stubborn. It is pointless to argue with him.3. 他突然想到了一个加速实验进程的好办法，但组里的成员却对此意见不一。
(hit upon; speed up)Key for reference: He hit upon a good method to speed up the progress of the experiment, but opinions differed among members of the group on it.4. 今天我能够使自己的职业与兴趣相符，之前我是做不到的。
(square... with)Key for reference: Today I'm able to square my profession with my interest, which I wasn't able to do before.5. 要成为一名驾驶员，视觉上分辨红色与绿色的能力是必不可少的。
(distinguish between)Key for reference: The ability to visually distinguish between red and green is essential to becoming a driver.6. 这个组由七个人组成，他们经常见面，分享彼此的信息。
新英语四级段落翻译
新英语四级段落翻译推荐文章大学英文六级段落翻译热度：骂人的英语段落阅读热度：优美经典的英语段落热度：唯美简短的英语段落热度：优美简单的英语段落热度：四级段落翻译是四级考试的一个重点和难点，需要同学们花更多的心思去练习。
下面是店铺带来的新英语四级段落翻译，欢迎阅读!新英语四级段落翻译1As a boy and then as an adult, I never lost my wonder at the personality that was Einstein. He was the only person I knew who had come to terms with himself and the world around him. He knew what he wanted and he wanted only this: to understand within his limits as a human being the nature of the universe and the logic and simplicity in its functioning. He knew there were answers beyond his intellectual reach. But this did not frustrate him. He was content to go as far as he could.In the 23 years of our friendship, I never saw him show jealousy, vanity, bitterness, anger, resentment, or personal ambition. He seemed immune to these emotions. He was beyond anypretension. Although he corresponded with many of the world’s most important people, hisstationery carried only carried only a watermark -- W -- for Woolworth's.作为一个孩子，以后又作为一个成人，我一直对爱因斯坦的个性惊叹不已。
新视野大学英语第四册第六单元翻译
新视野大学英语第二版第四册读写教程课文翻译Unit62011-02-23 20:16Unit6_a商科学生有时对课程里包含商业道德课略感吃惊。
他们通常没意识到在很多国家，形形色色的贿赂行为正日益增多。
在某些国家，这已成为人们几百年来的一种生活方式。
假定在一场与政府官员的谈判中，贸易部长向你明确表示如能给他一大笔贿赂，那么你的商品拿到进口许可证就会容易得多，还可能避免他所说的“程序上的延误”。
现在的问题是：你是被迫掏钱呢，还是坚持原则？高尚的道德标准说起来容易，但实际上人们在这种情况下究竟会怎么做呢？早些时候，一家英国汽车制造商被指控利用一笔基金行贿，并进行其他一些可疑运作，如给代理商和客户高额回扣、提供额外折扣、向一些在瑞士银行开的匿名账户汇款等。
这家汽车公司否认了这些指控，后来指控也被撤销了。
然而，当时英国汽车业里就有人准备私下里说：“瞧，我们这一行竞争激烈，每年我们汽车的海外销售额超过10亿英镑。
如果花几百万英镑能让一些客户高兴，谁会有损失呢？我们不这样干，别人也会这样干的。
”很容易产生这样的印象：贿赂以及其他可疑开支正日渐增多。
的确，这似乎已成为商界的一个事实。
仅举一例：美国第三大汽车制造企业克莱斯勒汽车公司透露，它在1971至1976年间共发生了250万美元的可疑开支。
这一事实的披露，使克莱斯勒与其他300多家美国公司一样，向美国证券交易委员会承认自己近年曾有过某种形式的支出，像贿赂、额外打折等。
为方便讨论起见，我们可将这些支出分为三大类。
第一大类是那些为政治目的或为获得大宗合同所付出的大笔款项。
比如，有一家美国企业曾因可能违反美国商业法规而受调查，当时它捐出一大笔款项支持一位总统候选人。
后来发现，这家公司也打算资助美国推翻智利政府的秘密行动。
这一大类也包括为得到武器销售或重大的石油、建筑等项目的合同而向权势家族及其身边的顾问所付出的大笔款项。
在一桩涉及对伊朗武器销售的案子中，一位证人声称一家英国公司曾付给某“洽谈人”100万英镑。
新21世纪大学英语综合教程4 Unit6译文 Back Down to Earth 重回地面
重回地面里克·汉普森一个美国式的讽刺：摩天大楼需求不足。
在这个发明了摩天大楼的国度中，目前在建的最高私人建筑是一幢只有30层的小玩意儿。
但在海外，高耸的大楼几乎直达天际。
在马来西亚的吉隆坡，双峰塔高耸入云。
它们将成为世界上最高的建筑，这也是世界最高这一头衔首次旁落他国。
世界最高建筑或许将永远坐落于海外了。
而在10年前，世界最高的10幢摩天大楼散落在美国的3座城市。
就在1993年，还有不少人提议要建造下一幢世界第一高楼。
但是一幢都没有建起来。
如今，全国在建的楼房中，只有10幢楼超过20层。
到本世纪末，世界前十大高楼中，将有6幢坐落在东南亚。
美国的高层建筑是否已经走过了辉煌期？美国建筑的标志性成就是否就此日薄西山了？“摩天大楼只是一个时代的艺术品，那是一个技术薄弱、交通缓慢、因此人们不得不聚在一起工作的时代。
”位于马萨诸塞州的从事市场和经济研究的康纳特公司总裁大卫·贝奇这样说道。
“现在人们不需要新的高楼了，因此，没有理由再建造一幢帝国大厦。
”事实上，伯利恒钢铁公司去年已经关闭了65年前为建造帝国大厦提供钢材的炼钢厂，这表明了高层建筑正走向没落。
如今，美国的城市中有许多高楼内无人办公，至少到本世纪末，对高层建筑不会再有更多的需求了。
在美国，大约43% 的办公用房是在过去10年建造的。
当时，为了满足对办公场地喷井式的需求，开发商蜂拥而上造楼。
以波士顿为例，办公场地从2100万平方英尺激增至4500万平方英尺。
然而，1987年股市暴跌后，经济增长减缓了。
全国城市办公用房的空置率高达16.7%，比房地产界内人士认为正常的空置率高2.5倍。
在一些大城市，空置率甚至超过了30%。
在西雅图市，无论是建于1914年的历史第一高楼史密斯塔，还是建于1990年的最后一栋摩天大楼西雅图市政府大厦，都无法用租金来支付贷款利息。
62层高的西雅图市政府大厦造价高达两亿美元，今年初以半价出售。
这座高楼的占用率从来没有超过50%，投资者落得血本无归。
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CET4翻译部分讲解考试的最后一个阶段是翻译，5分钟处理5个句子。
四级阶段考生受词汇量和知识结构影响，基本缺乏双语翻译的训练和技巧，所以只是蜻蜓点水般做一些知识点练习，题目并非中高级口译资格证书考试的考生所形容的：“翻译难，难于上青天。
”四级试卷上的翻译部分，说其简单无非有三，其一，考题只考查汉译英，没有英译汉。
大学英语精读教材中，每课都有汉译英译句练习，应该是学生非常熟悉的题型。
相比较，考研翻译中的长句英译汉则把考生难得死去活来；其二，内容单纯，不需要专业理论知识。
题目内容既没有高难度的新闻翻译、文学翻译，也不涉及科技经贸翻译中的专业知识，只是一般的短句翻译，没有大主题语境，也谈不上翻译的“信、达、雅”标准，四级程度学生可以manageable。
第三，名为翻译，实为补全句子，考查语法结构和词组运用知识。
每句只涉及15个左右的英语词，需添入的部分也只有3到8个单词，其中隐含着四级水平考生应当掌握的句型、语法、词组知识点。
以下是样题所提供的5个翻译句子，我们根据其内容来推测可能考查的知识点：87.The substance does not dissolve in water _______________(不管是否加热)。
本句意为：不管是否加热，这种物质都不会溶解于水。
前半句所给的信息并不重要，考生凭四级词汇知识可以理解substance(物质)和dissolve(溶解)两个单词的意义。
考虑提示部分的汉语，“不管…是否…”即“whether… or …”，很容易找到这个对应结构。
关键点在于对“加热”的理解，是主动还是被动处理，从上下文意义推断出是water 被加热，所以我们采用被动方式，即whether (it is) heated or not，填入部分作让步状语从句，it is可以被省略。
考查重点：从句知识：尤其让步状语从句，注意复习whether… or…, though, no matter how等表达的用法。
分词用法：注意辨别现在分词和过去分词，同时考虑动词被动语态的运用。
88.Not only ___________________(他向我收费过高)，but he didn’t doa good repair job either.本句意为：他不但向我收费过高，而且东西修理得不怎么样。
本句中要考虑两个层面，首先是动词“收费”的对应词，应当是“charge”。
“过高”则往往使用too high或too much, 由于主体内容是金钱而不是温度，我们用经常搭配的“much”。
更加巧妙的用词是“overcharge”，恰好可以把意思归并到一起。
还要考虑的是本句中“not only…but…”结构中出现了否定词前置到句首的现象，自然是倒装句的标志。
结合后半句的一般过去时形式，我们不得不把助动词did提炼出来，按照倒装结构翻译成“Not only did he charge me too much”或者“Not only did he ove rcharge me”。
考查重点：倒装句结构中的否定词前置现象。
类似的知识点还要注意Never/Neither/Hardly/Scarcely等否定词在句首的倒装情况。
89. Your losses in trade this year are nothing ______________________(与我的相比)。
本句意为“你在生意中的损失与我的相比不值一题。
”翻译时有两个知识点容易出错，首先，“与…相比”考查词组知识，四级程度同学应当掌握“compared with”或者“in comparison with”, 但常有考生把“compare with”与“compare to”(把…比做)混淆，或者没有考虑过去分词形式。
此外，“我的”应当使用物主代词所有格“mine”，此处不宜写成“my losses”。
考查重点：词组知识：需要考生把握大批类似compare with以及名词形式in comparison with的词组或短语，其中固定搭配需要使用的介词／副词非常重要。
分词形式：在句子中做修饰成分与前者构成主动被动关系至关重要。
90. On average, it is said, visitors spend only _____________________(一半的钱) in a day in Leeds as in London.本句意为：据说，游客平均一天在利兹花掉的钱只有在伦敦的一半那么多。
显然本句在拿as…as…结构做文章。
因为是比较关系，把在Leeds和在London的费用做比较，所以后半句有明确的“as”一词。
空缺部分是要有“as”,还要有“half”和“money”。
关键是次序如何调理。
根据比较结构中的倍数原则，倍数数字放在最开始，接下去有关于量的as much n. as, 因此本句要填入“half as much money”。
考查重点：比较结构：本句考查同级比较中的倍数关系，类似表达还有twice as much(many) as…91. By contrast, American mothers were more likely__________________ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent.本句意为：相比较，美国的母亲们更可能把孩子的成功归因于天赋。
本句再次在词组方面进行考查，“把…归因于…”是大学英语四级考查率极高的一个语言点，有时表达因果关系最复杂的动词词组。
应当熟练把握“attribute…to…”的拼写和用法。
此外，不要忽略另外一个词的用法,“be likely to …”表示“容易”、“可能”等意义，稍不小心就会把to漏掉。
总之，需要填入的部分拼贴在一起就是“to attribute their children’s success to”。
2006年12月翻译真题1.Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to (适应不同文化中的生活).[ 06.12][解题步骤]:第一步：由it is not easy to可以推出，划线处应该接动词原形。
第二步：划分成分“适应不同文化的生活”核心谓语动词是“适应”，“不同文化的”作定语，“生活”作宾语。
第三步：(1).切块对应翻译：“适应”=adapt; adapt to; adapt oneself to；“生活”=life；“不同文化的”=different culture s(2).重新组合：adapt oneself to the life in different cultures[正确答案]：adapt oneself to the life/living in different cultures[翻译]：跨文化研究专家说，适应不同文化的生活不是一件容易的事情。
[考察知识点]：[词组固定搭配]adapt oneself to sth/doing sth“适应------”2.Since my childhood I have found that (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力).[解题步骤]:第一步：由Since my childhood I have found that可以推出，划线处应该填写一个句子，时态需要根据后面的汉语意思作进一步的确定。
第二步：划分成分“没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力”核心谓语动词是“比------更有吸引力”，“没有什么”作主语，“读书”作宾语，“对我”作状语。
第三步：(1).切块对应翻译：“比------更有吸引力”= be more attractive to s b，“没有什么”=nothing，“读书”=reading，“对我”=for/to me。
(2).重新组合：nothing is more attractive to me than reading[正确答案]：nothing is more attractive to me than reading[翻译]：从儿时起我就发现，没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力。
[考察知识点]：[比较级]nothing+比较级=最高级；时态：因为从句叙述的是现在的事情，所以用一般现在是即可。
3.The victim (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time.[解题步骤]:第一步：由The victim if he had been taken to hospital in time.可以推出，划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整，并且主句形式、时态根据后面的if he had been taken to hospital in time确定应该采取虚拟语气，是对过去的虚拟。
第二步：划分成分“本来会有机会活下来”核心谓语动词是“本来有机会------”，“活下来”作宾语。
第三步：(1).切块对应翻译：“本来有机会------”= would have a chance to do sth，“活下来”=survive(2).重新组合：would have a chance to survive.[正确答案]：would have/stand a chance to survive/of survival[翻译]：如果遇难者被及时送往医院的话，他本来会有机会活下来的。
[考察知识点]：[虚拟语气]与过去相反的虚拟语气，从句用had done，主句用would have done有机会做某事：have/stand a chance to do sth/of sth----[语法讲解]：“虚拟语气”考生应该注意以下几种虚拟语气的形式：第一种：由“ if ”引导的虚拟句子(1). 与现在的事实相反：[If --- + were/did---, --- + would do---]If I were you , I would marry him.如果我是你,就会嫁给他。
(2). 与过去的事实相反：[If --- + had done---, --- +would have done---]If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam.如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。
(3). 与将来的事实可能相反：[If ---+ should do---, ---+ would do---]If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ?如果明天下雨,你怎么办?第二种：用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词从句中从句谓语形式为：“---(should ) + do sth”(在美语中should常省去) 。