上外口译资料整理2
上外自考口译课本复习资料
1.经济全球化不断发展的背景下，贸易自由化问题日益受到人们的关注。
With economic globalization, trade liberalization has been attracting more attention.2.正确认识和把握经济全球化和贸易自由化问题，对促进全球经济健康发展具有重要意义。
The recognition and understanding of economic globalization and trade liberalization is key to the sound development of global economy.3.如果经济全球化和贸易自由化朝着合理的方向发展，就能促进有效而公正的配置世界资源，促进各国生产力的发展，促进全球多边贸易体制和公正合理的国际经济新秩序的建立，从而造福各国人民。
If economic globalization and trade liberalization go in the right direction, they will enhance fair and effective distribution of the world resources, national productivity, the build-up of multi-lateral global trade system and a new, fair international economic order, hence benefiting all.4.国际贸易的基本原则是平等互利.The basic principle of international trade is equality and mutual benefit.5.各国间出现贸易上的摩擦纠纷是难以避免的，关键在于要以冷静而明智的态度正确对待和处理摩擦。
上海外国语大学翻译硕士英语口译、英语笔译初试内容
上海外国语大学考研高翻英语口译、英语笔译今年初试内容变化总结上海外国语大学（以下简称“上外”）翻译硕士英语口译、英语笔译专业研究生统考初试内容相同，分别为思想政治理论、翻译硕士英语、英语翻译基础、汉语写作与百科知识。
其中，思想政治理论全国统一命题，翻译硕士英语、英语翻译基础、汉语写作与百科知识由上外单独命题。
1、翻译硕士英语：2014年至2016年，上外研究生统考翻译硕士英语题型分为三部分，分别为无选项完型填空、阅读理解以及写作。
无选项完型填空篇幅1000词上下，扣空15或20个；阅读理解部分为五道简答题，以上一部分完形填空文章为基础；作文要求400字以上。
而在2017年研究生统考中，上外翻译硕士英语科目改动较大。
改后题型分为两部分：阅读理解与写作。
阅读理解篇幅约为2500字（五页半B5纸），四道简答题；写作要求800到1000字。
总体上看，题量增多，难度加大，依然注重考生的理解能力、英语驾驭能力以及抗压能力。
2、英语翻译基础：近四年上外研究生统考中英语翻译基础科目题型较为稳定，一般为词条解释和英汉互译或目标语总结（即中到英或英到中总结）。
题量中等，难度中等。
2014年至2016年研究生统考试题中，翻译科目偏向于政经类文本；而2017年则偏向于考察文学类文本的翻译。
3、汉语写作与百科知识：往年上外汉语写作与百科知识（以下简称“百科”）题型相对固定，分为三部分：填空、成语以及写作。
填空部分一般为十五空，成语部分考察成语释义、出处及造句，无偏题怪题。
写作部分要求不少于1000字。
2017年百科考察题型变化较大。
改后题型为四道简答题和写作。
所以死记硬背不是上外风格，题型改革更倾向于考察考生基本文化常识以及独立思考能力。
上海外国语大学考研英语口译复习经验分享
上海外国语大学考研英语口译复习经验分享一、个人情况介绍我是二战的考生，第一年马虎大意，备考策略出现了无可挽回的差错。
对于英译汉没有一点的准备，觉得英语翻汉语是信手拈来的很自然的事，没想来翻译时全用初中的大白话，一个四字成语都没有，再就是综合英语考过了之后直接打击了我的信心。
所以考翻译时也是三心二意，没有集中精力。
没想到成绩下来综合英语是105，翻译104.出来成绩让我大跌眼镜。
综合100分以上的翻译却如此之低的实属罕见，说不出的滋味。
第二年备战本以为还有悔改，可惜还没是忽视了EC。
二、初试复习：1、综合英语：综合英语我没有做任何的复习，觉得那是十几年学英语的积累，无法短期内有所提高，所以就一心准备翻译了。
很多考生完形填空坐了一大堆，各种题型都做了大量练习。
最后也未必有效果。
不过可能要看个人的情况，不提倡有所为就是有所不为。
最后自己的综合考了108，本以为会高点，毕竟第一年那么难就考了105，虽然第一年传言说老师放水。
2、翻译：翻译就是张培基的两本，看多了就是没用，千万别去视译，要有耐心，思考了一个句子如何翻译再和原文对照，有时一个句子要花费很多时间去琢磨，总之翻译就是思维的练习，词汇的积累，看上去简单的翻译翻译起来未必那么得心应手。
另外，翻译时我喜欢做笔记，好的表达都记下来，没事时翻一下。
翻译练习量一天一篇为好，太多了没效果，不要因为翻了一篇被打击了就急着翻译下一篇以拯救自己的自信心。
最后，要点就是，不要忽视任何的句子，即使再简单或者再难，都要琢磨最好的翻译方法。
句型要多样，至于用不用大词，还是用浅显的词汇因人而异，很多人用大词也能得高分，用小词也可以，只要拿捏的好，都是可以的，以前认识一位用小词的高手，词汇量不是很大，但基础很扎实，基本不用生僻的词汇，最后翻译考了140多，这样的例子太多了，而用大词的人也就最多130.低点就只有120了。
用大词还是小词一直是考生争论的话题。
很多考生综合英语考的不到90，但翻译考的很好，120多，140的都有，说明翻译不要过于仰仗大词。
上外基础口译考试
上外基础口译考试
上外基础口译考试，全称为上海外语口译证书考试基础口译，是由上海外国语大学组织的一项英语水平测试。
该考试旨在测试考生在听、说、读、写、译等方面的综合能力和技能，以及在商务、旅游、外事等场景下的英语应用能力。
考试成绩可以作为评估考生英语水平的一种参考依据。
该考试共分为四个等级：基础口译、中级口译、高级口译和国际会议口译。
其中，基础口译是最低级别，也是考生进入更高级别考试的基础。
基础口译考试一般每年举行两次，分别在春季和秋季进行。
考试内容包括听力、阅读、翻译和口试四个部分，其中口试部分是考试的重点。
考生在通过基础口译考试后，可以获得上海外国语大学颁发的证书，证明其在基础口译方面的能力。
此外，对于符合条件的考生，还可以进一步申请上海外国语大学的“外语+职业”双学位项目，提升自己的职业竞争力。
以上是关于上外基础口译考试的一些基本信息，希望能对您有所帮助。
如果您还有其他问题或需要了解更多信息，请随时联系上外官方机构或相关专业人士。
上外高级翻译学院会议口译专业介绍
上外高级翻译学院会议口译专业报考资格、入学考试、课程内容、学制学费、毕业去向上海外国语大学会议口译专业不是研究生专业，没有研究生学历或者学位证书，只颁发“会议口译专业证书”。
高译教育整理了会议口译的相关内容，供大家了解。
1.概况会议口译专业作为国家“十五”、“211”重点项目于2003年设立在上海外国语大学高级翻译学院，是全国唯一由教育部专项拨款建设的同声传译教学基地。
本专业设在上海外国语大学高级翻译学院应用翻译系。
会议口译专业的使命是按照国际最高标准，提供全球一流的会议口译专业教育，以培养能胜任联合国、欧盟等国际组织、国际外交及各种国际会议同声传译和交替传译工作的专业会议口译员。
2.学制会议口译专业提供两年全日制研究生层次专业教育。
培训的重点为会议口译专业实践技能（交替传译和同声传译）。
完成学业并通过专业考试者，获得“会议口译专业证书”，证明其能胜任联合国、欧盟等国际组织，以及各种国际会议和外交场合的同声传译和交替传译工作。
3.报考资格凡已获得学士或以上学位（含应届毕业生，专业不限）并以英语或汉语为A语言（即“母语”）的中国大陆、港澳台以及海外人士均可报名。
4.入学考试入学考试主要考核：A语言的综合运用能力B语言的综合运用能力以及：对信息／逻辑的分析与总结能力清楚表达思想的能力沟通技巧世界知识反应灵敏度和心理素质入学考试由笔试和面试两个部分组成，其形式如下：笔试A（半天），语言/综合试卷，常见题型包括：（1）写作：针对所设定专题写出一篇文章。
（2）填空（cloze）与结语写作：要求考生填补文章里空缺的词条，并依照文章的总体思路与文体风格，写出逻辑一致、前后呼应的结语段落。
（3）改写(paraphrasing)：要求考生改写若干语句，文字不得与原文重复，但意思必须与原文一致。
（4）综合知识测试：包括国际知识、重要时事等。
笔试A结束后，考生再到语音室做5分钟左右的录音，以测试语音、语调、流畅度等。
口译教程汉英翻译1―13单元译文(上外出版社)(精)
Lesson 11.3 美国副总统复旦演讲韩市长,非常感谢您!谢谢您做介绍时的友好言辞。
今天我们很高兴来到这里。
我和我夫人为有这次机会再次来到中国访问感到荣幸。
感谢贵国对我们的欢迎,特别感谢复旦大学的热情接待。
我们为此感到不胜荣幸,谢谢你们!我们此行带来了布什总统和美国人民的良好祝愿。
我知道在座的许多人很快就要从这所优秀的大学毕业。
我听说贵校有极为严格的标准,得到复旦大学的学位代表着多年的刻苦攻读和自我约束。
我祝贺在座各位学业有成。
对各位老师坚持复旦大学 99年追求卓越的传统我深表钦佩。
1.4 Speech by Wang Guangya at Princeton UniversityLadies and Gentlemen,Good evening.I am honored to be invited to your seminar tonight. For me, for my colleaguesand for many other Chinese, Princeton has long been a familiar name. With a history longer than the country, it has produced many outstanding people, Woodrow Wilson, the 28th US president, Albert Einstein, the great scientist, and T. S. Eliot, the famous poet, to name but a few. As former president Bill Clinton said in 1996 at the celebrations for the 250th anniversary of Princeton,“At every pivotal moment in American history, Princeton, its leadership, faculty and its students have played a crucial role.”I am more pleased to learn that all of you have a keen interest in China. Though our two countries are geographically far apart, we have a great deal in common in the everyday life. While many Chinese enjoy Hollywood movies and McDonald’s fast food, many Americans find that their clothes and daily necessities are made in China. I hopet hat today’s seminar will help you gain a better understanding of China and its foreign policy, thus deepening further our friendship and cooperation.1.5 新工厂落成典礼上的讲话各位尊敬的来宾,女士们,先生们:下午好!欢迎大家前来参加我们公司在中国的首家新厂房的落成典礼! 感谢各位拨冗光临,与我们共同庆祝这一盛大的活动!我谨代表公司对今天来参加典礼的各位供应商、客户嘉宾、各位员工和业务伙伴说声“谢谢! ”公司管理层深深为我们的新工厂感到骄傲,我们能干的员工感到骄傲, 他们发展了工厂的业务,使之达到国际水平。
二级口译笔记
二级口译笔记
二级口译笔记主要涉及以下内容：
1. 主题信息：这是口译笔记的核心部分，包括主要观点、事实和数据。
应记录讲话者提到的具体信息，如日期、地点、人物和事件等。
2. 逻辑关系：这部分主要记录讲话者的论证过程、结论和转折点，帮助理解整体逻辑。
3. 个人理解：这部分包括对讲话内容的个人见解和总结，有助于后续的口译工作。
4. 关键词汇：这是专业口译必备的技能，涉及特定领域或行业的术语和词汇，需特别注意并准确记录。
5. 非语言信息：包括面部表情、手势、语调和语速等非语言信息，这些在口译中也非常重要。
6. 备用信息：这部分是额外的信息，可能对口译有所帮助，如讲话者的个人背景、文化背景等。
为了达到更好的笔记效果，建议使用特定的符号、缩写和颜色标记来提高记录速度，同时保证笔记的清晰和易于理解。
请注意，以上内容仅供参考，建议查阅官方资料或咨询专业人士获取更多准确信息。
口译三大理论简要汇总 上外英专考研
巴黎释义学派研究及批判（三角模型又释义模型，脱离语言外壳，会议口译办学模式）1.释义模型的形成Jean Herbert(1952)口译过程为理解，转化，表达。
缺陷：未涉及译者心理Julius Wirl研究口译心理过程，意义脱离源语语言外壳（deverbalization)（最早的“脱离假说”）Danica Seleskovitch（1962）：口译三分法—理解，意义与语言形式分离，重新表达（1978-1984）：a)口译大致分为语音感知，迅速抛弃语言外壳保留信息的思维特征(mental representation),用目的语表达。
b)这个过程不是线性过程，而是一个三角形过程（a triangular process)。
◆从该模型中可以看出，口译是一个从源语（听辨）—意义（理解）—目的语（表达）的过程。
◆这里虚线指的是术语，数字，名称等语言项的传译；而实线则是口译中主要的释义过程（interpretive process)。
三角模型中隐含的假设◆口译是一种有人的思维参与，受译者因素影响的心理活动。
◆口译的对象是讲话的意义，而非承载意义的语言外壳。
◆口译是一个意义的理解和再表达的过程，且在language pair相似的情况下包含一些代码转译活动。
（interpretive process+transcoding process)◆语言和思维是可以分离的,意义的理解与储存不需要语言符号的介入;在认知系统的参与下,译员对源语讲话进行解码,并将理解到的意义与源语讲话的语言符号和结构分离,以一种非语言的意识状态留存在大脑之中。
2.释义模型的贡献和不足2.1）贡献a)“后顾式”研究—“前瞻性”研究的飞跃“后顾式”研究重翻译规则，技巧，质量，研究对象为之前的口译成品；重客体轻主体。
“前瞻性”研究重翻译过程，描述，心理，研究对象是以意义为核心的口译过程；重主体轻客体，从人的认知思维入手研究口译过程。
b)加速了国际口译研究的认知心理学转向之前的学术界以语言学研究为导向，认为只有语言学理论才能解释翻译现象。
上外高翻会议口译经验
05年上外高翻会议口译专业入学考试经验谈(2007-06-08 21:47:51)转载其实4月22号就接到了上外高翻院的电话通知说我被录取了，到现在10天过去了，总算是清醒下来了。
忽然间发现自己不知不觉在bbw转悠了1年多，从大家的诸多贡献中也学到了不少，所以想借此机会谈一谈今年的考试情况，也算是尽自己的绵薄之力对各位的回报。
我想从3个方面谈谈今年的入学考试，即报考、笔试、面试。
1. 报考今年报考上外高翻会口专业的人数将近300。
从地域上看，真是五湖四海的都有，虽说大陆考生占了绝大多数，但一些港胞台胞还有国际友人也把目光投向了这个专业。
从报考人员的背景来看，也称得上是“丰富多彩”，有学生（本科生和研究生都有）、老师、记者、专职翻译等等。
并且据官方消息称不少人都纷纷放弃了优厚的工作待遇来报考，这份坚定实在是值得钦佩。
另外，有一点需要澄清，社会上传闻报考上外高翻会口专业需要专业八级或上海高口证，这纯属空穴来风。
确切的报考条件是，只需要有学士学位就能报考。
那些正在读本科最后一年的同学也可以报考。
2. 笔试今年的笔试安排在3月27号，笔试分为3部分：综合能力、视译、笔译。
综合能力8：30-11：00，视译12：00-13：30，笔译14：00-16：30。
大家可以看到，笔试要考一天，对体力也是个挑战。
下面说说每个部分的具体内容。
综合能力第一部分考查外语写作（中国考生写英文，外国考生写中文），2个题目选1个，一个是谈是否应该禁止大规模杀伤性武器，另一个是谈empowerment of women。
字数不少于850词。
第二部分考查名词解释，这些大多都是名人、缩略语、国家首都。
我记得的有IPR、PLO、MDGs、IAEA、IATA、capital of Kenya、capital of Iran、capital of Australia、Hugo Chavez、Tsang Yam Kuen。
这部分大约有40条需要解释的名词。
上外考研翻硕MTI翻译必备英汉词汇二
上外考研翻硕MTI翻译必备英汉词汇互译之二餐桌转盘Lazy Susan残奥会Paralympic Games仓储式超市stockroom-style supermarket藏书票book labels identifying a collector (or collection)舱外航天服extra vehicular activity suits (Chinese only spent 4 years in developing its own EV A (extra vehicular activity) suits. Putting on the suit will take about 14 hours. 我国用4年时间研制出了自己的舱外航天服。
航天服的拆包、组装、测试、穿着，整个过程要持续14个小时。
)参照国际通行做法follow standard international practices操办make arrangements草根工业grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises which take root among farmers and grow like wold grass)草药herbal medicine操纵比赛game-rigging (The Ministry of Public Security set up a special task force to investigate alleged game-rigging in September 2006, when rumors of under-table deals and fixing ran rife. 2006年9月，有关幕后交易和非法操纵的流言四起，为此公安部设立了一支特别工作组，负责调查此事。
)操纵股票市场manipulate the stock market操作系统operating system侧记sidelights层层转包和违法分包multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting 茶道sado差额拨款balance allocation差额投票differentail voting差额选举competitive election查房make/go the rounds of the wards查封close down插杠子poke one's nose into someone's businesses茶话会tea forum; tea party插件plug-in unit茶艺tea ceremony插嘴interrupt; chip in拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul差旅费expenses for business trips拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition拆迁费用removal expense拆迁户households or units relocated due to building demolition拆台let someone down; cut the ground from under someone's feet禅dhyana产假maternity leave产粮大省granary province产品更新换代upgrade of products产品构成product composition产品积压overstocked products; accumulation of inventories; stock pile; excessive inventory产品结构product mix产品科技含量technological element of a product产品生命周期分析LCA (Life Cycle Analysis)产权划转和产权变动the transfer of and changes in property rights of enterprises产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理"clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management "产权制度、产权关系property relations; property order产权转让transference of title of property搀水股票water-down stocks -- ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons inside a stock company or a business at a cost lower than their face value产销两旺both production and marketing thrive产销直接挂钩directly link production with marketing产业不景气industrial depression产业的升级换代upgrading of industies产业结构升级upgrading of an industrial structure产业升级upgrade industries产业政策industrial policy掺杂兑假mix in fake or inferior components唱对台戏put on a rival show长二捆LM-2E偿付能力solvency唱高调mouth high-sounding words常规裁军conventional disarmament常规武器conventional weapon长江后浪推前浪, 一代更比一代强As in the Yangtze River, the waves behind ride on the ones before: The new generation excels the old. 长江三峡和黄河小浪底水利枢纽工程the key water projects at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River and at Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River长江三角洲Yangtze River delta长江中下游the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River唱名表决roll-call vote场内交易人floor trader长跑a long-distance running敞蓬轿车open-topped limousine长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共"long-term coexistence,mutual supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or woe "长期国债long-term government bonds常设国际法庭permanent international tribunal唱双簧play a duet----collaborate; echo each other畅通工程Smooth Traffic Project长途电话long-distance calls场外证券市场over-the-counter market常委会standing committee常务董事managing director; executive director常务理事executive member of the council长线产品product in excessive supply畅销货best selling lines (All these articles are best selling lines. 所有这些产品都是我们的畅销货。
上海外国语大学考研翻硕MTI英汉短语必备之二
上海外国语大学考研翻硕MTI英汉短语必备之二和平解决台湾问题peaceful settlement of the Taiwan question和平演变peaceful evolution和气生财Harmony brings wealth贺岁片New Year's Film合同医院contract clinic核武器数量Nuclear Arsenal Size核销cancel after verification核心家庭nuclear family核心竞争力core competitiveness合业经营combined operation/ management合议庭collegiate bench合作演员co-star (The 20-year-old actress - who plays a teenage rocker in 'Bandslam' - has revealed she and her co-stars practised before their scenes by using a Nintendo Wii interactive games console. 这位在电影《乐团狂飙》中扮演摇滚少女的20岁女演员透露，她在开拍前曾经和她的合作演员用任天堂Wii互动游戏机一起演练过。
)合格的境内机构投资者qualified domestic institutional investor (QDII) 合格的境外机构投资者qualified foreign institutional investors (QFII) 合乎国情，顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people黑帮mafia gangs (China's Ministry of Culture has banned websites featuring or publicizing online games which glamorize mafia gangs. 中国文化部发布通知要求各地立即查处运营或宣传"黑帮"主题网络游戏的网站。
上外考研高翻笔译常用词汇整理之经济类二
上外考研高翻笔译常用词汇整理之经济类二accumulated earnings 积累收益a circular economy 循环经济a convenient method of payment 方便的付款方式an economic boom 经济兴旺an economic depression (slump, recession) 经济萎缩an economic takeoff 经济起飞anti-dumping measures 反倾销措施assets depreciation range 资产折旧幅度balance the two-way trade 保持双边贸易的平衡bonded/free trade area 保税区bonded warehouse 保税仓库bottleneck restrictions 瓶颈制约break regional blockades and trade monopolies 打破地区封锁和待业垄断capital market 资本市场cargo handling capacity 货物吞吐量commission/brokerage 佣金commodity economy 商品经济confessional/favorable terms 优惠条件cost and benefit analysis 成本收益分析cost-of-living index 生活费指数cross-border takeover 跨国并购currency depreciation/appreciation 通货贬值/升值current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表current asset losses in suspense 待处理流动资产损失current debt ratio 流动负债比率current fund employment rate 流动资金占有率current liability 流动负债current tangible assets 有形流动资产domestic funds 国内配套资金earning capacity 盈利能力E-commerce/E-business 电子商务economic aggregate 经济总量economic efficiency 经济效益economic growth point 经济增长点economic indicators 经济指标economic measure 经济手段economic strength 经济实力economy of scale 规模经济efficiency in operation 经营效率emerging market economy 新兴市场经济equity capital transaction 产权资本转让equity earnings 参股收益；股本盈利equity investment 股本投资equity ownership 资本所有权excessive consumption 超前消费export-oriented/outward-looking economy 外向型经济是extensive/intensive operation 粗放/集约经营fair trading practice 公平贸易行为financing channels 融资渠道fixed-assets accounting 固定资产核算fluctuate in line with market conditions 随行就市foreign exchange-earning enterprise 创汇型企业foreign exchange market 外汇市场foreign investment in actual use 实际利用外资general retail price index 社会零售物价总指数generous pension and healthcare plans 优厚的养老金和医疗卫生保障green power 财力；金钱gross foreign export value 外贸出口总额gross output value of industry and agriculture 工农业总产值guidance plan 指导性计划2-hour economic zone 两小时经济圈import/export quota 进出口配额in a period of transition 在过渡时期income tax return 所得税申报表income to net worth ratio 净值收益率industrial policy 产业政策industrial redeployment/relocation 产业转移inflation-proof bank savings 保值储蓄investment in fixed assets 固定资产投资investment portfolio 投资组合invisible trade 无形贸易ironclad job protection 铁饭碗knowledge economy 知识经济letters patent/certificate of patent 专利证书low-profit era 微利时代macro-economic control 宏观调控maintenance of value 保值majority shareholding 占有多数股权managerial decision-making process 管理决策程序managerial know-how 管理专门知识mandatory plan 指令性计划margins desired 期望的毛利market demand price 市场需求价格marketing channel 销售渠道，市场渠道market regulation 市场调节market value method 市价法medium-sized enterprise 中型企业merchandise inventory 商品库存mild inflation 温和通货膨胀negative growth 负增长non-core business 非主营业务non-performing loan 不良贷款outbound/overseas investment 海外投资petrol chemistry 石油化工property right market 产权市场public financing rate 财政purchasing power parity 购买力平价法qualitative analysis 定性分析quality guarantee 质量保证quantitative analysis 定量分析rate of return on equity 股本收益率risk investment/ venture capital 风险投资seller’s market 卖方市场social benefits/returns 社会效益start-up company 新兴企业state revenue 财政收入sub-prime crisis 次贷危机tax reduction and exemption 减免税收the globalization of capital 资本的全球化the Great Depression 经济大萧条The Internet of Things 物联网the law of demand/supply 需求/供应定律the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar 港币的联系汇率制the primary/secondary/tertiary industry (the service sector) 第一/第二/第三产业the real economy 实体经济the sub-prime mortgage market 房产次贷抵押市场tighten the money supply 紧缩银根total volume of retail sales of consumer goods 社会消费品零售总额total volume of retail sales 社会商品零售总额trade barrier 贸易障碍trademark registration 商标注册Lower export demand and reduced foreign direct investment are more likely to hit urban jobs harder.出口需求下降和外国直接投资的减少，更有可能使城市就业形势更为严峻。
上外中级口译第三版听力教程原文及讲解--RE2
中级口译听力教程第三版4AAn intermediate course of English listening. Third edition.Revision exercises two.Part A. Spot dictation. Listen and fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard from the recording.There is no doubt that today English is one of the most important and richest of the world’s languages. Probably the most significant factor accounting for the latter quality was the conquest of England by the Normans more than 900 years ago. The conquering Normans spoke French. Most of the inhabitants of the conquered nations spoke varieties of Anglo Saxon of Germanic origin. Of course the Normans were stronger than the logical inhabitants politically, and naturally their language became the language of the King’s court. It also became the language for written documents together with Latin, and was generally regarded as more literally, and somehow better than the language of the common people. In spite of the apparently being worse, however, the language of the ordinary inhabitants of England and especially the language spoken by the inhabitants of the central part of the country did not die out. For centuries the two languages continue to exist side by side. The individual most responsible for bringing them together was a customs official who lived in the late fourteenth century named Geoffrey Chaucer. Chaucer, whose Canterbury Tales is one of the most extraordinary works in English, practically created or at least made acceptable a new language, which was a combination of the more elegant French and the cruder and more powerful Germanic elements. Since Chaucer’s time the two languages had been woven closer and closer together forming the single language that we now know as English.Part B. Listening Comprehension.1. Statements. Listen and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you hear.1) Sandra’s research was completed a year ahead of schedule. So she can now relax herself from time to time for the rest of this year.2) The new employees were told to report to the personnel manager’s office on Wednesday morning. They would receive a week’s training.3) The sales representative had trouble getting his checks cashed. Because the accounting department found those checks were falsified.4) James thought he could retire after he had spent 30 years teaching, but didn’t. He needs to stay at the job for sometime.5) That he was accepted by the big firm surprised everyone but himself. It was obvious he was not quite qualified for the position.6) In the report submitted to the state council the economist underestimated the rate of inflation. They failed to see some important contributing factors.7) Susa n hoped that her friend would come on time, so they could catch the 9 o’clock coach, otherwise they would have to wait until 4 hours later.8) Scientists have been trying unsuccessfully for 50 years to develop a battery operated car, several key technical problems remain unsolved.9) This seaport on the southeastern coast is most active even during the winter. Those ports on the northern coast have to be closed for the winter.10) Yesterday afternoon I was about to leave the office for home when my secretary showedup. She said the president wanted to talk to me over the phone.2. Talks and conversations. Listen and choose the best answer to each question you hear. Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following talk.Today I will continue my discussion of the behavior of school of psychology. And tell you about what I feel of some problems related to behaviorism. The psychologist wishes to understand human behavior and the human mind. He or she must therefore design methods of investigating human beings as they actually live. The behavior school of psychology, however, has done almost all of its studies under laboratory conditions. Behaviorism seems to want respectability of natural science. But it uses the methods of 50 years ago. Furthermore behavior studies often do not make any great contributions, but the authors were covered this up with mathematical tables in statistics, which are not important for the study. To investigate human behavior in a more natural setting is difficult I admit. Nevertheless, there are at least 2 ways to carry out such a task.Questions:11) Where does the talk most probably take place?12) Who most likely is giving the task?13) What is the main idea of the talk?14) What does the speaker think is the best way to study human psychology?15) What does the next part of the talk most probably deal with?Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.Several months ago I decided it would be wise to investigate the possibilities of buying a life insurance policy. If for no other reason than because I understood it might be a good investment. I got the name of an insurance agent from a friend and called the agent to get some information. From the kinds of questions I put to him the agent could tell that I knew nothing about insurance, so he kindly offered to explore the matter with me in more detail to help me determine the kind of policy I ought to be considering. That evening he appeared at my door promptly at 7:30 without wasting time on amenities he spread his papers out on the kitchen table and launched into a lengthy explanation. I listened attentively as he talked about the differences between various types of policies, and he explained the kind of coverage he felt I ought to have, because of my age bracket and financial objectives. Towards the end of the evening he kindly helped me filled out the application for a 55,000 dollar policy. And then he asked if I could go to a doctor’s office on Friday for a physical examination. I don’t know why but it was not until the mention of the doctor’s appointment that I realized fully what was happening. I was about to sign a life time contract. Yet I had not really made the decision about whether I wanted to buy the policy or not. As a matter of fact the question of need for a decision for me one way or the other had not even come up. Suddenly I felt sure that I definitely did not want to buy the policy. However, since he had spent so much time with me I didn't want to make him feel that he had wasted his time. So I invented an excuse about things I had to do on Friday, and I assured him that I would call him in a few days. Actually I had no intention of going to see the doctor or of calling the agent again. I wanted to forget the whole thing.Questions:16) Why did the author of the passage telephone the insurance agent?17) Where did the author of the passage get the name of the insurance agent?18) What did the author do after talking with the insurance agent?19) Why didn’t the author tell the insurance agent the truth?20) Which of the following statements is true about the author of the passage?Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following conversation.M: Joe, could I have a word with you while you are having your coffee?W: Of course, David. Let’s find a quiet corn er over there.M: The manager asked me to tell you that he appreciated your efforts last year very much. W: Thanks, David. That makes me feel a lot better. I tried my best, you know. You can tell him that I am grateful for his confidence in me.M: Yes, I will certainly pass that on to him. Your sales figures for the last 2 years have been remarkably good.W: Manchester is a good area to work in. There are a lot of businesses opening all the time. I tried to make contact with the managers as soon as I know of a new company starting up. The early bird catches the worm as they say.M: I am sure that’s true. But there is more to that, isn’t it? Joe, you seem to be very confident and this helps your sales.W: Yes, I have been working on that for sometime. I think that if I appear confident as successful people are more likely to buy our goods.M: Well, you certainly seem successful at that. Your sales figures prove that. I was wondering if you could give a short talk tomorrow afternoon on the idea of being confident as a sales representative. Do you think you could put together something on that topic?W: I think I could manage. I will work on it this evening.M: I would be grateful if you could do that for me. I am sure the others would benefit from that kind of talk.W: About how long do you want me to speak for?M: Something like 20 minutes if that’s all right.W: And what sort of thing do you want me to talk about?M: Oh, how to build up your confidence, present yourself to customers, that sort of thing. W: I’ll work on it later then, David.M: Thanks, Joe. Let me take your coffee cup back for you. I think it is about time we got back to the conferences.Questions:21) Where does Joe work?22) When does David want Joe to talk?23) What does David want Joe to talk about?24) When will Joe prepare the talk?25) For how long does David want Joe to talk?Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following talk.W: Well, home computer owners fit into 3 main categories. You see there are the earnest ones, the game players, and the practical ones.M: Oh, yes, what do you mean?W: Well, earnest ones, they sought of walk away at learning how to program the thing for themselves. Then game players, they get hooked on playing those silly games you can buy an d don’t do much else. I call them silly games because I am not coordinated enough to begood at them myself. Then, thirdly, the practical ones, and that’s me. I don’t use the computer very often. But I have worked out some ways in which it can be helpful in everyday life. Well, I started off as an earnest computer owner. But I gave up being like that because of lack of success of programming.M: Like with the games.W: Exactly. Well, you know how easily I gave up. But this time it was going to be differen t. I tried and tried, but I had so many disasters. I blamed it on the instruction book. It was awful, not clear at all.M: Disasters say?W: Well, yes. You know that I had that Italian exam to take.M: Mm, I remember.W: Well, I had read a lot about how computers were useful in language teaching for giving boring but necessary grammar practice. Well, I had to learn a lot of Italian irregular verbs, soI decided to try and write a program to help me. Well, actually what I did was I tried to adapta program for French verbs found in a computer magazine.M: And the computer didn’t like Italian as much as French. It didn’t work.W: No, well, in a way it did, but not as I expected. I just couldn’t get the program right. The verbs kept appearing on the screen but jumping on low of the place. It was quite alarming really.M: It sounds like space invaders. What happened?W: Well, I tried again and again to get the program right. I kept altering it and testing it which meant typing in the list of verbs I want to learn each time I tested. Well, the result was programs never came quite right and I gave up in disgust. But after all those repetitions I found I had learned the verbs perfectly. There was nothing to do with the bloody program. It was just all those hours spent trying to sort it out.Questions:26) What are the man and woman mainly talking about?27) How many main categories do computer owners fit into according to the woman?28) Which type of computer owners are not mentioned in the conversation?29) What did the woman want the computer program to help her do?30) What finally happen to the woman according to the conversation?Part C. Listening and translation.1. Sentence translation. 3. Exercises.1. Sentence translation. Listen and translate each sentence you have heard into Chinese. Then write it in the space given below.1) How well have you prepared for your presentation next week? It’s a big contract and I don’t think we should take any chances.2) Women in general wear too many accessories at the same time, such as necklaces and rings. These can be an asset if worn in moderation.3) Learning a language is a laborious process and adjusting to the subtle cultural differences require much more time and patience than anyone can imagine.4) Including plenty and leafy green vegetables everyday may aide memory function and guard against Alzheimer’s disease, suggests a study of 3,700 seniors 65 and older.5) Growing old in America isn’t what it used to be. People are not only living longer, t hey arebetter educated and less likely to live in poverty.2. Passage translation. Listen and translate each passage you have heard into Chinese. Then write it in the space given below. You may take notes while you are listening.1) The American family is changing. It is becoming smaller, women are becoming more equal, and the divorce rate is high. But despite the high divorce rate marriage has never been more popular. The majority of divorced people remarry but only 2 percent marry more than twice. Most marriages last a long time, and a large proportion of divorces are from teenage marriages.2) Walking burns calories. It takes 3,500 calories to gain or lose one pound. Since a one hour walk at a moderate pace will burn up 300 to 360 calories by walking one hour every other day, you can burn up a pound and a half a month, or 18 pounds a year, providing there is no change in your intake of food. To lose weight faster walk an hour every day and burn up 3 pounds a month or 36 pounds a year.Revision 2Take chance 碰运气Asset /æset/ 有价值的或有用的特性或技能Moderation in moderation适度地, 不过分Women in general wear too many accessories at the same time such as necklaces and rings. There can be asset if worn in moderation.如果佩戴合理，这些可以突出你的个性Learning a language is a laborious process, and adjusting to the subtle cultural differences require much more time and patience than anyone can imagine.学习一门语言是一个艰辛的过程，而适应微妙的文化差异需要的时间和耐心是人们难以想象的。
上外中级口译英译汉精选15篇
英译汉15篇1. I think Chinese businesspeople tend to have business negotiations in a rather indirect manner, as opposed to the more direct style of American businesspeople, who are said to work with the “get- down-to-business-first” mentality.// The Chinese-type management encourages cooperation among employees, between the labor and the management, and gives employees a joy of participation and fulfillment, as well as a sense of pride in their work.// And most Chinese try to find the meaning of life through working in their jobs, and view work as essential for having membership in a community.// The American-type, or the top-down, management emphasizes efficiency, and competition among workers. The American work ethic seems to be more individual oriented. Traditionally, Americans work because it is the will of God, and often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.//我认为中国人在商务谈判时倾向于使用一种迂回婉转的方式，而那些被认为在工作时具有一种“公务为先”的心态的美国人则往往表现出较为直截了当的作风。
上外高翻ci会议口译专业
上外高翻ci会议口译专业摘要：一、引言二、上外高翻CI会议口译专业的背景与历史三、上外高翻CI会议口译专业的课程设置与师资力量四、上外高翻CI会议口译专业的学生发展与就业前景五、结论正文：一、引言上海外国语大学高级翻译学院（简称上外高翻）是我国著名的翻译学院之一，其中会议口译专业（CI）在国内外享有盛誉。
本文将详细介绍上外高翻CI 会议口译专业的相关情况。
二、上外高翻CI会议口译专业的背景与历史上外高翻成立于1993年，是我国最早成立的翻译学院之一。
CI会议口译专业自创立之初就致力于培养具备国际视野、专业技能和跨文化沟通能力的会议口译人才。
多年来，该专业已经为我国及世界各地的会议口译市场输送了大量优秀毕业生。
三、上外高翻CI会议口译专业的课程设置与师资力量CI会议口译专业的课程设置紧密围绕会议口译实践，包括交替传译、同声传译、口译技巧、口译实习等核心课程。
同时，还开设有多门跨文化沟通、语言学和翻译理论等选修课程，以全面提升学生的综合素质。
上外高翻拥有一支强大的师资队伍，包括国内外知名专家和学者，他们具备丰富的口译实践经验和教学经验。
四、上外高翻CI会议口译专业的学生发展与就业前景CI会议口译专业的学生在上外高翻接受严格的培训，不仅具备扎实的口译技能，还具有良好的跨文化沟通能力和较高的外语水平。
因此，他们在毕业后能够胜任各种国际会议、商务活动、政府官员出访等场合的口译工作。
近年来，CI会议口译专业的毕业生在国内外就业市场上表现优秀，受到了广泛好评。
五、结论综上所述，上外高翻CI会议口译专业在培养会议口译人才方面具有丰富的经验和高水平的教学质量。
0709-0903上外高口翻译真题重点词组及表达汇总
0709-0903翻译真题重点词组及表达汇总0709 中口汉译英坚定不移地走和平发展道路:unswervingly takes the road of peaceful development 必然选择: an inevitable choice鸦片战争: the Opium War受尽了列强的欺辱: suffer untold /utter/ deep humiliation from the big powers消除战争: eliminate war实现和平: safeguard / maintain peace独立富强: independence and prosperity民生幸福: where the people (can) lead a happy life孜孜以求的奋斗目标: the assiduously sought goal人口多，底子薄: with a large population, a weak economic foundation发展不平衡: unbalanced development作出积极贡献: make energetic contributions0803中口汉译英月球探测工程：lunar probe program千年奔月梦想：centuries-old dream--fly to the moon中华民族：the Chinese nation开启了......的时代：usher in an era of...走向深空，探索宇宙奥秘：explore the mysteries of deep space标志：indicate/mark有深空探测能力：with the capability to explore outer space进入......的行列：join推进：promote自主创新：homegrown innovation创新型国家：innovative country标志性成果：landmark achievement攀登世界科技高峰：scale the world heights of science and technology历史性跨越：a historical breakthrough和平开发利用外层空间：peaceful exploration and utilization of the outer space重大贡献：great contribution中华儿女：Chinese people辉煌成就：glorious achievements0809中口汉译英：消息灵通人士：well-informed source透露：disclose春节：Spring Festival家乐福：Carrefour新大新：Xindaxin第一次亲密接触：first intimate contact广州市政府：Guangzhou municipal government红娘：matchmaker情投意合：develop into affinity总经理：general manager笼统：general百货行业：retailing industry持有新组建的公司35%的股份：hold 35% of the new joint venture's shares按照：in compliance with国家有关部门政策：the polic ies decreed by state authorities concerned持股：hold shares0903 中口汉译英钟表上的秒针一下一下地移动：A watch or clock clicks away the seconds缩短：shorten撕下：tear off日历：calendar时间即生命: Time is life.珍视: cherish充实: enrich/ fulfill积极不懈地善为利用时间: strive to make the best use of time0709中口英译汉1. envy：嫉妒、羡慕（形容词envious）2. go in for：参加、追求、从事真题例句：Americans do not go in for envy.例句翻译：美国人并非善妒之辈。
上外出版社《口译教程》汉英翻译参考译文
上外出版社《口译教程》汉英翻译参考译文《口译教程》翻译参考译文（零财富）第一单元：口译基础概述1.什么是口译？口译是一种翻译形式，它通过听到的语言信息转换成目标语言的方式，帮助人们在跨文化交流中理解和沟通。
2.口译的重要性在当今全球化的世界中，口译在各个领域都扮演着重要角色。
它有助于跨国公司的商务谈判，国际会议的顺利进行，外交谈判的进行，以及在全球各地的旅游和文化交流中的应用。
3.口译的要素口译的要素包括听力技巧、分析能力、记忆力、口语表达能力和文化素养。
对于口译员来说，熟悉不同领域的词汇和专业术语也非常重要。
第二单元：口译的技巧和方法1.口译的技巧口译员需要具备良好的听力技巧。
这包括对语音、语调和语速的敏感，以及对口音和方言的了解。
此外，口译员还需要能够快速思考和分析，以便在听到内容后迅速转换成目标语言。
2.口译的方法在进行口译时，有几种常用的方法可以用来帮助口译员更好地完成任务。
这些方法包括同传和交替传译。
同传是在演讲或会议进行的同时进行翻译，而交替传译是在发言者讲完一段话后进行翻译。
第三单元：口译的质量控制1.口译的质量标准口译的质量取决于准确性、流利度和清晰度。
准确性是口译员最重要的标准之一，他们需要确保信息在转换过程中没有丢失或歪曲。
流利度则体现在口译员的语速和语调上，他们需要准确地表达原文的语气和感情。
清晰度是指口译员清晰地传达信息的能力，包括语言的发音和音调。
2.口译的质量控制方法为了确保口译的质量，口译员可以采取一些质量控制的方法。
这包括提前准备，了解涉及的话题和专业领域，以及熟悉相关的术语和短语。
此外，口译员还可以通过参加培训和继续教育来提高自己的技能和知识。
第四单元：口译的实践应用1.商务谈判在商务谈判中，口译员需要准确地传达双方的意图和要求。
他们需要了解相关的商业术语和行业背景，以便在谈判中提供准确的信息和建议。
2.国际会议口译在国际会议中起到重要的作用。
口译员需要在会议期间实时翻译，确保参与者能够理解和参与会议的讨论。
上外二级口译
上外二级口译
在当今社会，随着全球化进程的不断加速，外语能力越来越成为人们重要的技能之一。
在中国，上外二级口译考试一直备受关注，许多人都希望能够通过这一考试，证明自己的外语水平。
然而，想要在上外二级口译考试中取得好成绩，需要付出艰苦的努力和持续的学习。
首先，对于想要通过上外二级口译考试的人来说，平时的外语学习是非常重要的。
只有在日常生活中坚持学习外语，才能够建立起扎实的语言基础。
除了课堂学习，还需要通过阅读、听力、口语等多种方式来提高自己的外语水平。
只有在日积月累的学习过程中，才能够真正掌握外语知识，为考试做好充分的准备。
其次，对于口译考试来说，练习是至关重要的环节。
口译不仅要求考生具备良好的语言表达能力，还需要具备快速理解和转述能力。
因此，考生需要通过大量的练习来提高自己的口译能力。
可以找一些口语练习材料，进行模拟口译练习，提高自己的口译速度和准确度。
同时，也可以参加一些口译培训班或者找一些老师进行指导，帮助自己及时发现问题并及时纠正。
另外，在备考口译考试的过程中，掌握一些应试技巧也是非常重要的。
比如，在考试过程中要保持冷静，不要因为一时紧张而出现失误。
另外，在考试中要注意语速和语调的掌握，要保持自己的表达流畅和自然。
同时，在考试前可以多进行一些模拟考试，提前了解考试的形式和内容，为自己的考试做好充分的准备。
总的来说，想要通过上外二级口译考试，需要付出持续的努力和坚持不懈的学习。
只有在平时的学习中不断积累，不断练习，才能够在考试中有更好的表现。
希望所有备考口译考试的人都能够取得优异的成绩，实现自己的目标和梦想。
上外口译备考
上外口译备考应试上外法语口译专业，一定要打好基础，争取达到专四良好以上、dalf C1(上外对本科生源没有这些证书的要求，但试题的难易度是这样的)。
同时，针对上外的考试特点进行应试准备。
一、初试科目：1、政治2、翻译硕士法语3、法语翻译基础4、汉语写作与百科知识初试题型(以2022的真题题型为例)：1、翻译硕士法语(100分)1)十道俗语题(10分)，类似se ressembler commedeux______,se vendre comme des______2)选词填空(10分)，词是变形好的，难度比较低。
3)给文章做250-300的résumé，文章很长，大概有2000字，但是比较好理解，不至于读不懂。
4)汉译法和法译汉，比较短，也比较基础。
5)十五道文化常识选择题，地理历史文学文化经济电影什么都涉及到了!有的知识点考的很细，比如说勃朗峰有多高?希腊人在法国建立了哪个港口。
这科题型变化较大，上外往年也出现过的题型有：法语词组释义、阅读理解(翻译、resume、分析、发表观点)、350字作文。
2、法语翻译基础(150分)两篇法译汉70分两篇汉译法80分文章长度都适中，但是也要抓紧答，生词不多，翻译之前可以先通读一遍文章。
1)法译汉第一篇是生物多样性(biodiversité)，第二篇和家政服务人员(aide à domicile)有关2)汉译法第一篇是孔子学院院长讲话，第二篇是对当代学生压力原因的相关调查。
整体来说都是比较热门的话题，生词会标出。
注：初始分算法：四科总分+政策加分(上外自2021年的开始改为这样算了。
)政策加分：当过兵的、支过教的、当过村官儿的加10分;立过二等功的推荐免试录取。
1、词汇，主要是通过每天看新闻，将上面比较好的词和表达方法找出来，记在一个的小本子，没事可以看一看，加强记忆。
2、阅读，每天两篇法语新闻，不用贪多，但是一定要精度，不要范范读完就把文章扔掉。
上外基础口译 教程
上外基础口译教程外语口译是一项复杂而精细的技能，它要求译员能够流利地将一种语言翻译成另一种语言，同时传达出原文的精确意思和情感。
为了成为一名优秀的口译员，需要经过系统的培训和大量的实践。
口译员需要具备扎实的语言基础。
他们需要精通至少两种语言，包括母语和目标语言。
同时，他们还需要了解两种语言的文化背景和社会习俗，以便更好地理解和传达信息。
口译员需要具备良好的听力和口语技巧。
在口译过程中，他们需要迅速准确地听懂原文并将其翻译成目标语言。
因此，他们需要训练自己的听力，提高对不同口音和语速的适应能力。
同时，口译员还需要具备流利的口语技巧，以便准确地表达翻译后的意思。
口译员还需要具备良好的记忆和集中注意力的能力。
在口译过程中，他们需要准确地记住原文的内容，并在翻译时不断回顾和回忆。
同时，他们还需要集中注意力，以便及时捕捉原文的细节和重点。
口译员还需要具备良好的分析和判断能力。
在面对复杂的语言和内容时，他们需要快速分析和理解原文的意思，并做出准确的翻译。
同时，他们还需要根据不同的语境和需求，选择合适的翻译方法和技巧。
口译员还需要具备专业素养和职业道德。
他们需要保持中立和客观的立场，不对原文进行任何修改或加入个人观点。
同时，他们还需要保护原文的机密性和保密性，不泄露任何与工作相关的信息。
外语口译是一项高要求的技能，需要口译员具备扎实的语言基础、良好的听力和口语技巧、记忆和集中注意力的能力，以及分析和判断能力。
同时，口译员还需要具备专业素养和职业道德，以保证翻译的准确性和可靠性。
通过不断学习和实践，口译员可以提高自己的口译水平，成为一名优秀的口译员。
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上外口译资料整理——必背词群1、“…化”现代化→modernize市场化→marketize地区化→regionalize多极化→polypolarize干部队伍的革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化。
The ranks of the cadres become more revolutionary, younger in average age, better-educated and more professionally competent.Cadres are more revolutionary, younger, better-educated and more professional.国际关系民主化Democracy should be practiced in international relations.We should practice democracy in international relations.企业化→turn …into business institutions make…function as an enterprise集团化→incorporate…into an enterprise公开化→to be brought into the open股份化→transfer…into share holding如果两岸客运包机实现“节日化”，还可以向常态化发展。
节日化→on all festivals and holidays常态化→develop toward normalizationdevelop into a regular practicedevelop and normalize/regularize this practice2、“在…的…下”在改革开放的推动下→Thanks to the further push by the opening-up and reform在中国共产党的领导下→Under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party在盟友的帮助下→With its allies’ help在改革开放政策的带动下→Driven by the reform and opening-up policy3、“是”constitute/represent/form/prove/系表结构以外的形式……已是世界文化遗产之一...has been included in the World Cultural Heritage List旅游一直是人们增长知识、丰富阅历、强健体魄的美好追求。
Tourism has demonstrated the happy wish for more knowledge, varied experience and good health.21世纪头20年，是中国全面建设小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化的重要战略机遇期，也是中国旅游业发展的有利时期。
The first 20 years of the 21st century represents an important strategic period for China to achieve all-round construction of a better-off society and to speed up its socialist modernization.4、“对…表示赞赏”we appreciatewe’d like to express our appreciation for…we think highly of……deserve our admirationwe see something constructive/admirable/meaningful/inspiring in your…5、正向强化 +加强合作→strengthen cooperation促进发展→promote development增加机会→increase opportunities深化改革→deepen reform推动贸易→faci litate trade万能动词further6、“值得（我们）欣慰/高兴/欣喜/庆贺/的是…”It is gratifying/delightful/pleasing/wonderful/great (for us) to know/see…We/people are gratified/delighted/pleased/happy/glad to know/see…7、“是…的原因”be the instrument ofA generates/gives rise to/gives birth to/leads to/results in BAs a result/Consequently/Finally/…各国有着不同的发展历史、文化传统、政治制度和经济模式，这是亚太地区富有发展活力的重要原因。
Countries are different in history, cultural tradition, political system and economic model, which gives the region its very vigor and vitality.8、“问题”problem安全问题→security concerns/security issues/security threats台湾问题→Taiwan issue/problem/question根本问题→basic question原则问题→matter of principle找出问题→locate the fault扬声器有问题→There is a fault in the loudspeaker.我今天谈四个问题→I’d like to make four point s today.9、“方式”ways/approaches工作方式→work pattern管理/领导方式→style of management/leadership各种付款方式→various methods of payment经营方式→mode of operation生活方式→way of life/life style/mode of living运输方式→means/forms of transport方式更加隐蔽，手段更加残忍。
Their activities are becoming more secretive, and means more brutal.用和平谈判的方式解决问题solve a problem by peaceful negotiation他做什么事都有自己的一套方式。
He has a style of his own in everything.10、主张/坚持/提出/倡议/倡导stand for/maintain/hold/believe/agree/put forward/proposeadvocate/affirm/attest/avow/aver主张改革→favor reforms/in favor of reforms主张维护世界和平→stand for the maintenance of world peace坚持全面的、历史的、发展的观点persist in the comprehensive, historical and developmental viewpoint倡导禁止核武器→take the initiative in banning nuclear weapons11、“重点”重点项目→key project重点工作→focal point of the work重点发展→put priority on the development of sth重点推广→make sth the keystone of popularization主张改革→favor reforms/in favor of reforms重点支持生产区发展粮食生产→Support will be focused on increasing production in major grain producing areas.12、“工作”、”现象”、“形势”大多数美国人，尤其是少数民族，都确信美国经济制度中存在着不公正现象。
Most people in America, minority people in particular, are convinced that injustices exist in their economic system.最高级会议的准备工作继续进行。
Preparations for the summit meeting continued.promote innovation on a national scale促进全国的创新工作世界形势继续发生深刻变化。
The world is further witnessing deep changes.13、“充分发挥/发扬”充分发挥积极性→ give full play to one’s initiativebring one’s initiative into full play我们应当充分发扬自力更生的精神。
We should give full play to the spirit of self-reliance.科研机构转制为企业后，将建立现代企业制度，适应市场需要，从而充分发挥其研究、开发和创新的优势。
Scientific research institutions, when transformed into enterprises, shall establish the modern enterprise system and orient/gear themselves geared to the needs of the market, giving full play to their strength in research, development and innovation.14、“有利于…”beneficial/conducive/advantageous/wholesome/favorable/helpful中国将扶持有利于高新技术发展的资本市场。
China will help foster capital markets conducive to the development of high-tech industries.15、“携手”hand in hand/join hands/work jointly/make a concerted effort中国的科技部门将与国际科技界和全球经济界、商界携手共建新世界的创业平台。