电子专业英语Lesson 18 Comparison of DSP and ASP
电子信息专业英语要点总结
电子信息专业英语要点总结第一篇：电子信息专业英语要点总结重点词汇1.TDM——Time Division Multiplexing 时分复用FDM CDM 2.PCM——Pulse Code Modulation 脉冲编码调制3.PCI——Peripheral Component Interconnect 周边元件连接口4.IDE——Integrated Drive Electronics 集成驱动器电路5.AGP——Accelerated Graphic Port 加速图形接口B——Universal Serial Bus通用串行接口7.HDL——Hardware Description Language 硬件描述语言8.PLD——Programmable Logic Device 可编程逻辑器件 9.FPGA——Field Programmable Gate Array 现场可编程门阵列 10.ASIC——Application—Specific Integrated Circuit专用集成电路 11.DSP——Digital Signal Processor 数字信号处理器12.SoC——System-on-Chip 片上系统 13.Learnning curve 学习曲线14.IEEE——Institute of Electrical and Electrics Engineers 电气与电子工程师学会15.sample and hold circuit 采样与保持电路16.price/performance ratio 性能价格比 17.harvard architecture 哈佛结构 18.looping scheme 循环机制19.FFT——Fast Fourier transform 快速傅里叶变换 20.PCB——Printed Circuit Board 印刷电路板 21.SPS——Sample Per Second 每秒样本数 22.block diagram 方框图 23.Dolby Stereo 杜比立体声24.transmission bandwidth 传输带宽 25.signal-to-noise ratio 信噪比汉译英句子1.“信道”这个术语通常是指频分多址系统中的一个频率，时分多址系统中的一个时隙，码分多址系统中的一个代码或混合系统中的频率，时隙，代码中的某中组合。
电子行业电子工程专业英文词汇
电子行业电子工程专业英文词汇IntroductionIn the rapidly developing field of electronics, it is essential for professionals in the electronic engineering industry to be familiar with the relevant technical terms and vocabulary in the English language. This article ms to provide a comprehensive list of key English terms commonly used in the electronic engineering profession.Key Vocabulary1.Analog Circuit: A circuit that consists of analog electronics components, such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors, to process continuous-time signals.2.Digital Circuit: A circuit that operates using digital logic, utilizing binary digits (bits) to process and transmit information.3.Microcontroller: An integrated circuit that contns a CPU, memory, and input/output peripherals, designed for embedded systems.4.Integrated Circuit (IC): A microelectronic circuit that contns multiple electronic components, such as transistors and resistors, integrated into a single chip.5.Printed Circuit Board (PCB): A flat board made of non-conductive material on which electronic components are mounted and interconnected using conductive tracks.6.Signal Processing: Processing and manipulation of signals to extract relevantinformation or alter the characteristics of the signal.7.Semiconductor: A material with electrical conductivity between a conductor and an insulator, commonly used in electronic components such as diodes and transistors. 8.Transistor: A semiconductor device that amplifies or switches electronic signals and forms a key building block for electronic circuits.9.Resistor: An electronic component that restricts the flow of electric current, typically used to control voltage or current levels.10.C apacitor: An electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field and is used to store and release energy in electronic circuits.11.I nductor: An electronic component that stores energy in a magnetic field and is used in circuits for energy storage or filtering.12.D iode: A two-terminal electronic component that conducts current primarily in one direction, commonly used as a rectifier.13.V oltage: The electric potential difference between two points, measured in volts (V). 14.C urrent: The flow of electric charge, measured in amperes (A).15.R esistance: The opposition to the flow of electric current, measured in ohms (Ω).16.P ower: The rate at which work is performed or energy is transferred, measured in watts (W).17.F requency: The number of complete cycles of a periodic waveform that occur per second, measured in hertz (Hz).18.A mplitude: The maximum extent of a vibration or oscillation, measured from the equilibrium position.19.O hm’s Law: A fundamental law in electronics stating that the current flowingthrough a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across it, and inversely proportional to the resistance.20.K irchhoff’s Laws: A set of f undamentallaws in circuit theory that describe theconservation of electric charge and energy inelectrical circuits.ConclusionThis document provides a comprehensive list of key English terms commonly used in the electronic engineering profession. Familiarity withthese terms is essential for professionals in the electronic industry to effectively communicate and understand the technical aspects of their work. Further research and study of these terms will contribute to a deeper understanding of electronic engineering concepts and principles.。
电子信息工程 专业英语
1.Translate the following phrases into English.电子技术:Electronic Technology音频信号:Audio signal真空二极管:vacuum diode 半导体材料: semiconductor material分立元件:discrete component 大规模集成电路:large -scale integration circuit 电气触电:electrical contact 非线性特征: nonlinear characteristic运算放大器:operational amplifier 稳压器: voltage regulator反馈电路:feedback circuit 同相输入:non-inverting input 模拟计算机:analog computer 双列直插:dual-in-line正弦波振荡器:sinusoidal oscillator 张弛振荡器:relaxation oscillator数模转换: digital-to-analog converter信号处理:signal processing实时处理系统:real time processing system仿真器:emulator 存储单元:storage location数字滤波器:digital filter 传感器:transducer2.Translate the following phrases into Chinese.Electromotive force电动势; nonlinear resistor非线性电阻器; magnetic field磁场; dielectric constant介电常数; electric charge电荷;Information source信息来源; communication channel通信信道; message destination消息目的地; sensing element敏感元件;Natural frequency自然频率; reversible effect可逆效应; mutual inductance互感; address generator地址发生器; optical fiber光纤;Noise source噪声来源; Asynchronous transfer mode异步传输模式; negative feedback消极的反馈; alternating voltage交流电压;Sensitive measuring circuit敏感的测量电路; variable resistor可变电阻器; induced emf感应电动势3.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.①Electronics is a field of engineering and applied physics dealing with the design andapplication of devices, usually electronic circuits, the operation of which depends on the flow of electrons for the generation, transmission, reception, and storage of information.答案：电子学属于工程和应用物理学的范畴，一般研究由电子线路构成的设备的设计和应用。
电子工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
电子工程专业英语词汇(整理版)本文档旨在提供电子工程专业所涵盖的一些常用英语词汇，帮助读者增强在该领域的英语沟通能力。
以下是一些相关词汇的介绍和解释：1. Circuit（电路）2. Semiconductor（半导体）A semiconductor is a material that has a conductivity between that of an insulator and a conductor. It can control the flow of electric current and is widely used in electronic devices, such as diodes and transistors.3. Microcontroller（微控制器）4. Signal（信号）A signal refers to any form of information that can be transmitted, such as sound, light, or electron flow. In electronic engineering, signals are often manipulated and processed to carry information or control electronic devices.5. Amplifier（放大器）6. Integrated Circuit（集成电路）7. Digital Signal Processing（数字信号处理）Digital signal processing (DSP) refers to the manipulation of digital signals using algorithms and techniques. It involves converting an analog signal into a digital form, processing it using digital systems, and then converting it back to an analog signal if needed.以上是一些电子工程专业常用的英语词汇，希望对读者有所帮助。
电子信息类专业英语Unit 9 Digital Signal Processing
Unit 9 Digital Signal Processing
Figure 9.1 Analog-to-Digital Conversions
Unit 9 Digital Signal Processing
After a brief acquisition time, during which a sample is acquired, the sample and hold circuit holds the sample steady for the remainder of the sampling interval. This hold time is needed to allow time for an A/D converter to generate a digital code that best corresponds to the analog sample.
Unit 9 Digital Signal Processing
A digital signal is represented by a set of vertical lines with circles at the top to mark the quantization levels selected for each sample. The bit rate for an A/D converter is the Nfs, where fs is the sampling rate.
(完整版)电子技术专业英语
1、汉译英1)直流电路direct current circuits2)放大器（扩音器）amplifier3)模拟电子技术analog electronics4)半导体二极管semiconductor diode5)晶体管效应transistor effect6)微处理器microprocessor7)电气工程electrical engineering8)能源工程（或电力工程）power engineering9)通信工程telecommunications engineering10)内部器件internal devices11)电子元件electrical components12)欧姆定律Ohm law13)限制电流limit current14)分压器voltage divider15)晶体管偏置电路transistor biasing circuits16)阻碍电流block DC current17)存储点能store electrical energy18)感抗inductive reactance19)绝缘材料insulating material20)交流阻抗AC resistancea)通用仪表general-purpose meterb)模拟仪表analog meterc)交换测试笔reverse the test leadsd)机械调节mechanical adjuste)测量电阻measure resistancef)正向电压positive voltageg)测量电流measure currenth)电压幅度voltage amplitudei)双踪示波器dual-trace oscilloscopej)信号发生器signal generator21)PN结PN junction22)三极管bipolar transistor23)电子和空穴electron and hole24)稳压电源electronic power supply或steady DC voltage source25)桥式整流器bridge rectifier26)脉冲直流电pulsating DC27)二极管的正极anode of diode28)峰值电压peak voltage29)电容滤波器capacitor filter30)充电和放电charge and discharge31)稳压管Zener diode32)电器电子工程师学会IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)33)专业技术组织technical professional association34)基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff’s V oltage Law35)电压源voltage sources36)电荷守恒定律the law of conservation of electric charge37)在每一瞬时at every instant of time38)元件两端的电压voltages across elements39)无线电传输radio transmission40)频率调制或调频frequency modulation41)频域the frequency domain42)线性电阻linear resistor43)调幅波形amplitude modulation wave44)专用集成电路（ASIC）45)快速时间响应fast response time46)有效信号valid signal47)十进制数字系统decimal system48)逻辑运算logic operation1)控制信号线the control bus2)中断线interrupt lines1)结构化语言structured language2)局部变量local variables3)副作用side effect4)汇编语言指令assembly language instructions1)静止图像still image2)阴极射线管，显像管CRT or the cathode ray tube3)像素pixel4)电子束electron beam2、英译汉1)assembler language汇编语言2)alternating current circuits交流电路3)passive electrical circuits无源电路4)three phase circuits三相电路5)digital electronics数字电子技术6)logic gates逻辑门7)3D virtual reality image三维虚拟图像8)computer programming计算机编程9)major in（在大学里）主修10)advanced programming techniques高级编程技术1)known as capacitive reactance称为容抗2)with units ohms单位为欧姆3)prevent device from burning out防止器件烧掉4)has an AC resistance to AC current对交流电流由阻抗5)adjustment with a screw用一个螺丝调节6)in the shape of a cylinder 呈圆柱形式7)block DC current，but pass AC current阻直流通交流8)to vary the inductance改变电感9)be given by the formula 由公式给出10)the RF amplifier 音频放大器1)analog multimeter模拟万用表2)extended range扩展范围3)specific meters特殊仪表4)includes the function and range switches具有功能及范围选择旋钮5)present an electronic picture呈现一幅电子图像6)display the voltage waveform显示电压波形7)appear on the screen在屏幕上出现8)phase relationships相位关系9)an example例如，作为一个例子10)in series with the circuit串连接入电路1)Semiconductor material半导体材料2)forward biased正向偏置3)depend on the external circuit resistance取决于外部电路的电阻4)excessive reverse-biased voltage过高的反偏电压5)is directly proportional to the amount ofbase current是正比于基极电流6)may even appear almost as a short几乎可看成是短路7)cause stability problems for a transistorcircuit引起晶体管电路的稳定性问题8)digital technology数字技术9)the most popular technology最常用的技术10)use two complementary typeset oftransistors N-channel and P-channel用两种互补型的晶体管——N沟道和P沟道1)equipment operation设备的运行2)device that converts AC into DC把交流电转换成直流电的器件3)the power lines电源线4)depending on the value of DC voltageneeded 根据所需要的直流电压值5) a half-wave rectifier平波整流器6)so as to produce a constant DC output从而产生一个稳定的直流输出7)in the negative side of the capacitor在电容的负极8)flow through the load流过负载9)in the forward-biased condition在加正向偏置电压的条件下10) a series（current-limiting）resistor一个串联（限制电流）电阻1)current source电流源2)under this circumstance在这种情况下3)present the second of Kirchhoff’s laws给出基尔霍夫第二定律4)introduce the concept of a “loop”引入“回路”的概念5)An alternative statement of KVLKVL的另一种表述法6)voltages algebraically sum电压代数和7)sinusoidal steady-syate response正弦稳态响应8)ordinary household voltage日常用电的电压9)time-invariant circuit时不变电路10)percentage of modulation调制百分比reduce the power consumption减小消耗功率flip-flop 触发器the octal and hexadecimal systems当时钟脉冲信号来到时改变状态①直流电路direct current circuits②放大器（扩音器）amplifier③欧姆定律Ohm law④正极positive electrode⑤充电与放电Charge and discharge⑥无线电传输Radio transmission⑦模拟仪表Analogue Meters⑧模拟电子技术analog electronics⑨半导体二极管semiconductor⑩晶体管效应transistor effect⑪微处理器microprocessor⑫通信工程telecommunications engineering ⑬汇编语言assembler language⑭电子元件electrical components⑮限制电流limit current⑯分压器voltage divider⑰偏置电路biasing circuits⑱阻碍电流block DC current⑲感抗inductive reactance⑳容抗capacitive21正向电压positive voltage22扩展范围extended range23电压波形voltage waveform24连接入电路in series with the circuit25PN结PN junction 26三极管bipolar transistor27电子与空穴electron and hole28半导体材料semiconductor material29正向偏置forward biased30数字技术digital technology31桥式整流器bridge rectifier32稳压管Zener diode33电源线the power lines34在电容的负极in the negative side of the capacitor 在加正向偏置的条件下in the forward-biased condition一个串联电阻 a series (current-limiting)resistor35电压源voltage sources36在每一瞬时at every instant of time37无线电传输radio transmission38频率调制或调频frequency modulation39快速时间响应fast response time40有效信号valid signal41结构化语言structured language42局部变量local variables43副作用side effect44静止图像still image45阴极射线管pixel46电子束electron beam1.resistors are used to limit current flowing to adevice ,thereby preventing it from burning out, as voltage dividers to reduce voltage for other circuits, as transistor biasing circuits, and to serve as circuit loads.电阻常用做限流器，限制流过器件的电流防止烧坏器件，电阻也可用作分压器，以减小其他电路电压，还可以用在晶体管偏执电路中和作为电路负载。
专业英语复习V18
1. Transistors have many advantages over electron tubes. 晶体管比电子管有更多的优势2. We have to find out the current through and the voltage across the resistor.3.This circuit is a series circuit and this circuit is a parallel circuit.4. To make sure aliasing will not occur, sampling is always Preceded by low pass filtering.为了保证不会出现混叠，在采样之前总是要进行低通滤波。
5.The mathematical model derived by this method proves （证明）to be simple and of practical significance, thus creating good conditions for making optimal designs.用这种方法所导出的数学模型证明是比较简单的, 并且具有实用意义, 从而为进行最佳设计创造了良好的条件。
6. A transistor is allowed to operate at cutoff or in saturation, but not in its active region. 允许晶体管工作在截止状态或者饱和状态，不是放大状态。
7.In the latter the base is 10 (ten), and ten numerals, 0, 1, 2, 3, …, 9, are required to express an arbitrary number。
后者的基数是10，十个数字分别是0,1,2—9.用来表示任意数字。
机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 18
Unit 18 MicrocomputerI. Lead-inWhy is it important to know how a computer works? Easy, if you don't, it will be hard to control. Computers were never built to control us even though that is how it appears. Their creation was just another tool God gave man to use to benefit society. What can you do to learn more about computers? I have an easy answer. Just read, and use computers more. They are not that hard and with time you too can become the master over this tool.Computers, the ones we know and love have not been around all that long. The first home personal computer was not sold until 1977. We have come a long way since then. Did you know that in 1983 there were approximately 2 million personal computers in use in the United States. However, just 10 years later in 1993 the number had jumped to more than 90 million. And now in 2009 the number is estimated at over 200 million.Computers, today are small, fast, reliable, and extremely useful. Back in 1977 that really was not the case. However, they both operated in basically the same way. They both receive data, stored data, processed data, and then output data similar the way our own brain functions. This article deals with those 4 functions: Memory, Processing, Input, and Output.II. Word Stud yponent [kəm'pəunənt]n. 元件,部件,组件；成分,部分1) Cannot perform this operation on a component without a site.如果没有站点，将不能在组件上执行此操作。
电子信息工程专业英语(第三版)词汇表
电子信息工程专业英语(第三版)词汇表Aa portion of一部分a variety of各种各样的a mass of 大量的AC abbr. Alternating Current交流电accidental adj.意外的accumulator n．累加器acquisition n.获取，采集acquisition time采集时间acquisition time采集时间activate vt．激活active adj．有源的actuator n 致动器，执行器add-on n.附件administration邮电管理局address vt.从事，忙于address generator地址产生器address pointer地址指针addressing mode寻址模式adjustment n 调整，调节ADSL abbr. Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop非对称数字用户线adverse adj 不利的，相反的AFG Arbitrary Function Generator任意函数发生器aggregate v.聚集，合计AGP Accelerated Graphic Port 加速图形接口akin adj.同族的，类似的algorithm n.算法aliasing n.混叠现象alkaline adj.碱性的all in all 总而言之all of a sudden突然allocate vt.分配allocate vt.分配allow for 虑及，体谅allow for虑及，酌留alphanumeric adj.包括文字与数字的alter v.改变alternative n．选择ALU abbr Arithmetic Logic Unit算术逻辑单元aluminium n.铝ambient adj.周围的n.周围环境analogous adj.类似的analogy n.类似，类推ancillary adj.辅助的，副的anguish n 痛苦，苦恼angular frequency角频率annotation n.标注，注解antenna n.触角，天线anti-aliasing filter抗亍昆叠滤波器anti-aliasing filter抗混叠滤波器appliance n.用具，器具appliance n．用具，器县application interface 应用程序接口approach n. 方法appropriate adj.适当的approximation n.近似（值）approximation n.逼近，近似值archive vt.存档n.档案文件arena n.竞技场，舞台arena n.竞技场舞台arise from 由...引起；从...中产生arithmetic n 算数array n.阵列，数组array n.数组，阵列artificial adj.不自然的as a consequence 因此as always照常as opposed to .. 与...相反as yet到目前为止ASIC abbr. Application Specific Integrated Circuit专用集成电路ASIC Application Specific Integrated CircuitASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuit专用集成电路assembler n 汇编器assembly language汇编语言assignment n.赋值ASSP abbr. Application Specific Standard Product专用标准器件ASSP Application-Specific Standard Parts 专用标准器件assume vt 假定asynchronous adj.异步的asynchronous adj.异步的attenuator n.衰减器audiophile n.高保真音响爱好者auditorium n.会堂，礼堂auditory system听觉系统automatic variable自动变量automotive adj.汽车的AWG Arbitrary Waveform Generator任意波形发生器B(be) known as…称作……(be) capable of…具备……的能力(be) equivalerit to相当于……，等价于……(be) proportional to与……成比例back bias 反向偏压backplane n.背叛backside n.背部，后方backward compatible向下兼容bar graph条形图bargain n.交易，协议，廉价品barrier n.隔板，势垒，阻挡层base station 基站base station基站baseband n.基带baud n 波特be concerned with…对……关心be encumbered with为……所累be mad e up of由……组成be referred to as.... 被称作...be thought of as…被认为……beam splitter 分光镜behavioral synthesis 行为综合beneficial adj.有益的，受益的Bessel filter贝塞耳滤波器biased adj.加偏压的，有偏向的bill of materials材料单BIOS abbr．Basic Input Output System基本输入输出系统bipolar adj.双极性的bit vector位向量bland adj．平淡的block diagram方框图blow up 爆炸，放大blur v 使……模糊BNC bayonet neill-concelman 同轴电缆卡环形接头boast v．夸耀Bode plot伯德图bond n. 接头Boolean variable 布尔变量boost n.升压，放大boot n.启动，引导，自举boot sector引导扇区bootstrap n. 引导程序bootstrap loader 引导装入程序brake n.刹车branch instruction分支指令brief adj.短暂的bring up 捉出，引出browse v.浏览budget n．预算budget n．预算budgetary adj.预算的buffer n 缓冲器buffer n.缓冲器，缓冲区building block 构件，模块built-in adj.内置的bulky adj.体积大的bulky adj 容量大的，体积大的bunching n.聚束bus interface总线接口bus interface总线接口by one’s （own）bootstraps 通过自己的努力by way of 经由；作为Ccable n.电缆cable modem 线缆调制解调器cable TV 有线电视cache n.高速缓存CAD Computer Aided Design 计算机辅助设计calculable adj.可计算的，能预测的calculation-intensive algorithm运算密集型算法camcorder n.便携式摄像机candid adj.非排演的，偷拍的capacitive adj.电容性的capacitor n.电容器capacity n.容量，电容capture v .记录，输入carrier wave 载波cascade n 级联cathode n.阴极cauldron n.大锅炉CB citizens'band 民用波段CCD Charge Coupled Device 电荷耦合器件CD Compact Disc 光盘cell n.细胞，蜂房，电池cellular adj.蜂窝状的characterization n.描述，表征charge pump电荷泵chat n．聊天Chebyshev Type l filter切比雪夫1型滤波器chip rate码片速率chrominance n.色度circular adj.圆形的，循环的circular adj．循环的，环形的circular buffer循环缓冲区class n.类clear-cut adj．界限分明的clever adj.精巧的，灵巧的，巧妙的cliché n 空话，套话，废话clock jitter 时钟抖动clump n.块，团CMOS abbr. Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor互补金属氧化物半导体coding theory 编码理论coexist vi.共存cold boot 冷启动collide vi.碰撞，抵触collision n.碰撞，冲突combat v.反对防止come down to归结为，涉及commute v 通勤comparable adj.可比较的，比得上的comparator n.比较器comparator n 比彰芝器compatibility n.兼容性compelling adj.强制的compiler n.编译器complex plane复平面complex-frequency variable复频率变量complicate vt使复杂，使难做，使恶化comply vi.遵守comply with同意，遵守component n 组件computing n.计算，处理concerned adj.有关的concisely adv.简明地concurrent adj.并发的concurrent process并发进程conditional adj.条件的conditioning n 调节，调整conduct v传导conductivity n. 传导性，传导率configure vt.配置，设定conflict n．冲突，抵触conformance n.顺应，一致conjugate adj．共轭的consequently adv.从而，因此consist of...由……组成consolidated adj。
英语电子信息工程
The A/D converter chooses a quantization level for each analog sample. An N-bit converter chooses among 2N possible quantization levels. The larger the number of levels, the smaller the quantization errors, calculated as the difference between the quantized level and the true sample level. Most quantization errors are limited in size to half a quantization step Q. The quantization step size is calculated as Q=R/2N, where R is the full scale range of the analog signal and N is the number of bits used by the converter. The strength of the signal compared to that of the quantization errors is measured by dynamic range and signal-to-noise ratio.
To summarize, A/D comprises anti-aliasing, sampling, quantization and digitization. Once digital signal processing is complete, digital-to-analog (D/A) conversion (as shown in Figure 9.2) must occur. This process begins by converting each digital code into an analog voltage that is proportional in size to the number represented by the code. This voltage is held steady through zero order hold until the next code is available, one sampling interval later. This creates a staircase-like signal that contains frequencies above W Hz. These signals are removed with a smoothing low pass filter, the last step in D/A conversion.
电子信息工程专业英语
专业英语复习Lesson3Microprocessors (1)Lesson4Operational Amplifiers (2)Lesson8Clock Sources (3)Lesson12Personal Computer Systems (4)Lesson13Overview of Modern Digital Design (5)Lesson16Basic Concepts of DSP (6)Lesson19High Fidelity Audio (8)Lesson22Digital Image Fundamentals (9)Lesson25Choosing the right core (10)Lesson26Design Languages for Embedded Systems (11)Lesson27Choosing a Real-Time Operating System (12)Lesson28Signal Sources (13)Lesson3Microprocessors1.micron是“微米(百万分之一米)”2.data width是指算术逻辑单元ALU的字长3.MIPS Million Instructions Per Second每秒百万条指令4.Reset复位5.tri-state buffer三态缓冲器A tri-state buffer is a device that allows you to control when an output signal makes it to the bus.When the tri-state buffer's control bit is active,the input of the device makes it to the output.When it's not active,the output of the device is Z,which is high-impedance or,equivalently,nothing.There is no electrical signal is allowed to pass to the output.6.PipeliningA technique where the microprocessor fetches the next instruction before completing execution of the previous instruction,in order to increase processing speed.）流水线是一种在前一条指令全部执行完之前就开始取下一条指令，以提高处理速度的技术。
电子信息类专业英语Unit 18 Digital Television-文档资料
Unit 18 Digital Television
Over the past years, digital technology has rapidly changed
the world we live in. It changes the way we communicate, the way we do business and the way we learn. By way of example, the application of digital technology to our telephone service has not only improved the quality of service but has also enabled the development of value-added services such as interactive enquiry and phone-banking services. With the forthcoming third generation mobile phone technology, even multimedia services can be provided. The traditional television set will be turned into a multifunctional media receiver, meeting various demands of users.
Unit 18 Digital Television
This method provides a cleaner signal that is less
vulnerable to distortion. The difference in quality between digital television and regular television is similar to the difference between a compact disc recording (using digital technology) and an audiotape or long-playing record.
电子信息工程专业英语教程_第5版 题库
《电子信息工程专业英语教程(第5版)》题库Section A 术语互译 (1)Section B 段落翻译 (5)Section C阅读理解素材 (12)C.1 History of Tablets (12)C.2 A Brief History of satellite communication (13)C.3 Smartphones (14)C.4 Analog, Digital and HDTV (14)C.5 SoC (15)Section A 术语互译Section B 段落翻译Section C阅读理解素材C.1 History of TabletsThe idea of the tablet computer isn't new. Back in 1968, a computer scientist named Alan Kay proposed that with advances in flat-panel display technology, user interfaces, miniaturization of computer components and some experimental work in WiFi technology, you could develop an all-in-one computing device. He developed the idea further, suggesting that such a device would be perfect as an educational tool for schoolchildren. In 1972, he published a paper about the device and called it the Dynabook.The sketches of the Dynabook show a device very similar to the tablet computers we have today, with a couple of exceptions. The Dynabook had both a screen and a keyboard all on the same plane. But Key's vision went even further. He predicted that with the right touch-screen technology, you could do away with the physical keyboard and display a virtual keyboard in any configuration on the screen itself.Key was ahead of his time. It would take nearly four decades before a tablet similar to the one he imagined took the public by storm. But that doesn't mean there were no tablet computers on the market between the Dynabook concept and Apple's famed iPad.One early tablet was the GRiDPad. First produced in 1989, the GRiDPad included a monochromatic capacitance touch screen and a wired stylus. It weighed just under 5 pounds (2.26 kilograms). Compared to today's tablets, the GRiDPad was bulky and heavy, with a short battery life of only three hours. The man behind the GRiDPad was Jeff Hawkins, who later founded Palm.Other pen-based tablet computers followed but none received much support from the public. Apple first entered the tablet battlefield with the Newton, a device that's received equal amounts of love and ridicule over the years. Much of the criticism for the Newton focuses on its handwriting-recognition software.It really wasn't until Steve Jobs revealed the first iPad to an eager crowd that tablet computers became a viable consumer product. Today, companies like Apple, Google, Microsoft and HP are trying to predict consumer needs while designing the next generation of tablet devices.C.2 A Brief History of satellite communicationIn an article in Wireless World in 1945, Arthur C. Clarke proposed the idea of placing satellites in geostationary orbit around Earth such that three equally spaced satellites could provide worldwide coverage. However, it was not until 1957 that the Soviet Union launched the first satellite Sputnik 1, which was followed in early 1958 by the U.S. Army’s Explorer 1. Both Sputnik and Explorer transmitted telemetry information.The first communications satellite, the Signal Communicating Orbit Repeater Experiment (SCORE), was launched in 1958 by the U.S. Air Force. SCORE was a delayed-repeater satellite, which received signals from Earth at 150 MHz and stored them on tape for later retransmission. A further experimental communication satellite, Echo 1, was launched on August 12, 1960 and placed into inclined orbit at about 1500 km above Earth. Echo 1 was an aluminized plastic balloon with a diameter of 30 m and a weight of 75.3 kg. Echo 1 successfully demonstrated the first two-way voice communications by satellite.On October 4, 1960, the U.S. Department of Defense launched Courier into an elliptical orbit between 956 and 1240 km, with a period of 107 min. Although Courier lasted only 17 days, it was used for real-time voice, data, and facsimile transmission. The satellite also had five tape recorders onboard; four were used for delayed repetition of digital information, and the other for delayed repetition of analog messages.Direct-repeated satellite transmission began with the launch of Telstar I on July 10, 1962. Telstar I was an 87-cm, 80-kg sphere placed in low-Earth orbit between 960 and 6140 km, with an orbital period of 158 min. Telstar I was the first satellite to be able to transmit and receive simultaneously and was used for experimental telephone, image, and television transmission. However, on February 21, 1963, Telstar I suffered damage caused by the newly discovered Van Allen belts.Telstar II was made more radiation resistant and was launched on May 7, 1963. Telstar II was a straight repeater with a 6.5-GHz uplink and a 4.1-GHz downlink. The satellite power amplifier used a specially developed 2-W traveling wave tube. Along with its other capabilities, the broadband amplifier was able to relay color TV transmissions. The first successful trans-Atlantic transmission of video was accomplished with Telstar II , which also incorporated radiation measurements and experiments that exposed semiconductor components to space radiation.The first satellites placed in geostationary orbit were the synchronous communication (SYNCOM ) satellites launched by NASA in 1963. SYNCOM I failed on injection into orbit. However, SYNCOM II was successfully launched on July 26, 1964 and provided telephone, teletype, and facsimile transmission. SYNCOM III was launched on August 19, 1964 and transmitted TV pictures from the Tokyo Olympics. The International Telecommunications by Satellite (INTELSAT) consortium was founded in July 1964 with the charter to design, construct, establish, and maintain the operation of a global commercial communications system on a nondiscriminatory basis. The INTELSAT network started with the launch on April 6, 1965, of INTELSAT I, also called Early Bird. On June 28, 1965, INTELSAT I began providing 240 commercial international telephone channels as well as TV transmission between the United States and Europe.In 1979, INMARSAT established a third global system. In 1995, the INMARSAT name was changed to the International Mobile Satellite Organization to reflect the fact that the organization had evolved to become the only provider of global mobile satellite communications at sea, in the air, and on the land.Early telecommunication satellites were mainly used for long-distance continental and intercontinental broadband, narrowband, and TV transmission. With the advent of broadband optical fiber transmission, satellite services shifted focus to TV distribution, and to point-to-multipoint and very small aperture terminal (VSAT) applications. Satellite transmission is currently undergoing further significant growth with the introduction of mobile satellite systems for personal communications and fixed satellite systems for broadband data transmission.C.3 SmartphonesThink of a daily task, any daily task, and it's likely there's a specialized, pocket-sized device designed to help you accomplish it. You can get a separate, tiny and powerful machine to make phone calls, keep your calendar and address book, entertain you, play your music, give directions, take pictures, check your e-mail, and do countless other things. But how many pockets do you have? Handheld devices become as clunky as a room-sized supercomputer when you have to carry four of them around with you every day.A smartphone is one device that can take care of all of your handheld computing and communication needs in a single, small package. It's not so much a distinct class of products as it is a different set of standards for cell phones to live up to.Unlike many traditional cell phones, smartphones allow individual users to install, configure and run applications of their choosing. A smartphone offers the ability to conform the device to your particular way of doing things. Most standard cell-phone software offers only limited choices for re-configuration, forcing you to adapt to the way it's set up. On a standard phone, whether or not you like the built-in calendar application, you are stuck with it except for a few minor tweaks. If that phone were a smartphone, you could install any compatible calendar application you like.Here's a list of some of the things smartphones can do:•Send and receive mobile phone calls•Personal Information Management (PIM) including notes, calendar and to-do list•Communication with laptop or desktop computers•Data synchronization with applications like Microsoft Outlook•E-mail•Instant messaging•Applications such as word processing programs or video games•Play audio and video files in some standard formatsC.4 Analog, Digital and HDTVFor years, watching TV has involved analog signals and cathode ray tube (CRT) sets. The signal is made of continually varying radio waves that the TV translates into a picture and sound. An analog signal can reach a person's TV over the air, through a cable or via satellite. Digital signals, like the ones from DVD players, are converted to analog when played on traditional TVs.This system has worked pretty well for a long time, but it has some limitations:•Conventional CRT sets display around 480 visible lines of pixels. Broadcasters have been sending signals that work well with this resolution for years, and they can't fit enough resolution to fill a huge television into the analog signal.•Analog pictures are interlaced - a CRT's electron gun paints only half the lines for each pass down the screen. On some TVs, interlacing makes the picture flicker.•Converting video to analog format lowers its quality.United States broadcasting is currently changing to digital television (DTV). A digital signal transmits the information for video and sound as ones and zeros instead of as a wave. For over-the-air broadcasting, DTV will generally use the UHF portion of the radio spectrum with a 6 MHz bandwidth, just like analog TV signals do.DTV has several advantages:•The picture, even when displayed on a small TV, is better quality.• A digital signal can support a higher resolution, so the picture will still look good when shown on a larger TV screen.•The video can be progressive rather than interlaced - the screen shows the entire picture for every frame instead of every other line of pixels.•TV stations can broadcast several signals using the same bandwidth. This is called multicasting.•If broadcasters choose to, they can include interactive content or additional information with the DTV signal.•It can support high-definition (HDTV) broadcasts.DTV also has one really big disadvantage: Analog TVs can't decode and display digital signals. When analog broadcasting ends, you'll only be able to watch TV on your trusty old set if you have cable or satellite service transmitting analog signals or if you have a set-top digital converter.C.5 SoCThe semiconductor industry has continued to make impressive improvements in the achievable density of very large-scale integrated (VLSI) circuits. In order to keep pace with the levels of integration available, design engineers have developed new methodologies and techniques to manage the increased complexity inherent in these large chips. One such emerging methodology is system-on-chip (SoC) design, wherein predesigned and pre-verified blocks often called intellectual property (IP) blocks, IP cores, or virtual components are obtained from internal sources, or third parties, and combined on a single chip.These reusable IP cores may include embedded processors, memory blocks, interface blocks, analog blocks, and components that handle application specific processing functions. Corresponding software components are also provided in a reusable form and may include real-time operating systems and kernels, library functions, and device drivers.Large productivity gains can be achieved using this SoC/IP approach. In fact, rather than implementing each of these components separately, the role of the SoC designer is to integrate them onto a chip to implement complex functions in a relatively short amount of time.The integration process involves connecting the IP blocks to the communication network, implementing design-for-test (DFT) techniques and using methodologies to verify and validate the overall system-level design. Even larger productivity gains are possible if the system is architected as a platform in such as way that derivative designs can be generated quickly.In the past, the concept of SoC simply implied higher and higher levels of integration. That is, it was viewed as migrating a multichip system-on-board (SoB) to a single chip containing digital logic, memory, analog/mixed signal, and RF blocks. The primary drivers for this direction were the reduction of power, smaller form factor, and lower overall cost. It is important to recognize that integrating more and more functionality on a chip has always existed as a trend by virtue of Moore’s Law, which predicts that the number of transistors on a chip will double every 18-24 months. The challenge is to increase designer productivity to keep pace with Moore’s Law. Therefore, today’s notion of SoC is defined in terms of overall productivity gains through reusable design and integration of components.。
电子专业英语Lesson 18 Comparison of DSP and ASP
• A particular aspect, feature, or detail: 某个方面
– In many respects this is an important decision.
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Respect in text
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《电子信息工程专业英语教程》
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Analysis in text
• With respect to DSP, the factor that distinguishes it from traditional computer analysis of data is its speed and efficiency in performing sophisticated digital processing functions such as filtering, FFT analysis, and data compression in real time. • 说到DSP，它和传统计算机数据分析的区别在于它在 实时进行滤波、FFT分析和数据压缩等复杂信号处理时 的速度和效率。
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《电子信息工程专业英语教程》
3
Backgrounds
• Terminology
– – – – – – – signal conditioning circuit 信号调理电路 voltage reference 参考电压 Chebyshev Type I filter 契比雪夫I型滤波器 cutoff frequency 截止频率 Ripple 波纹 Passband 通带 Stopband 阻带
电子类常用英汉对照词典
电子类常用英汉对照词典[１]voltage disｔｏrtioｎ,交流电压失真Ａbｂｅcｏmpａrａtor,阿贝比长仪ａberraｔｉon,象差abｉlity of anti ｐrereｄuced coｍｐoｎeｎt，抗先还原物质能力abｌaｔｉve thicｋneｓs tran ｓｄｕceｒ，烧蚀厚度传感器aｂrasion teｓtiｎg mａchine，磨损试验机absolutｅｃaliｂrat ｉon,绝对法校准abｓolｕte coil,独立线圈ａbsolute eｒｒor,绝对误差(aﻫa. c .ｂalance indi ｃator,交流平衡指示器ﻫa． c. ｂridｇｅ,交流电桥ﻫａ．ｃ. current caｌｉbｒator,交流电流校准器ａ. c. cuｒreｎt dｉｓｔortion,交流电流失真a. c．ｉnｄuced pｏｌaｒiｚａtion ｉｎstruｍent,交流激电仪ａ. c. potentiometｅｒ，交流电位差计ａ．c. rｅｓisｔａｎce boｘ,交流电阻箱ﻫa.c．standard ｒesiｓｔｏr，交流标准电阻器ﻫａ.c. ｖoltaｇｅdistortｉｏn，交流电压校准器ａ. ｃ. ｖoｌtagｅdisｔoｒtion,交流电压失真ﻫAbbe comparａtoｒ,阿贝比仪ﻫaberratｉon,象差ﻫabilitｙof anti prｅｒｅｄuced compｏｎent，抗先还原物质能力ﻫａblative tｈicknesｓtransduceｒ,烧蚀厚度传感器aｂｒａsｉon tesｔing mａchine,磨损试验机abｓolute cａlｉｂｒation,绝对法校准absolute ｃoil,独立线圈ﻫabsolute eｒrｏr，绝对误差ﻫ(aｂsolute）error oｆmｅasurｅmenｔ，测量的（绝对）误差ﻫａbｓｏlute ｇrａvimｅｔer,绝对重力仪ａｂsｏｌute gravitｙｓｕrｖey,绝对重力测量ﻫabｓoluｔｅｈuｍidity,绝对湿度ﻫａbsoｌute m ｅtｈｏｄ,绝对法ﻫabsolute ｍoiｓｔｕre of ｔhe soｉl,土壤(绝对）湿度aｂsoｌutｅpressure，绝对压力absolｕte(ｐｒｅsｓｕre trａnsducer,绝对压力表absolutｅpreｓｓｕrｅｔrａnsducｅr,绝对压力传感器ａbsolｕｔeｒead-oｕt，单独读出ﻫabｓoｌuｔe ｒesｏｌuｔｉon,绝对分辨率absｏlｕte ｓalinitｙ,绝对盐度ﻫaｂsoｌute ｓtabｉlity,绝对稳定性ﻫabsｏluｔｅsｔability ｏｆa linear syｓteｍ,线性系统的绝对稳定性absolute static pｒessｕｒe of ｔｈe fluｉd，流体绝对静压ﻫaｂsoluｔe tｅmpｅraturｅｓcale,绝对温标ﻫaｂsorｂaｎｃe，吸光度ﻫaｂsoｒbed ｃurrent image,吸收电流象absorptancｅ,吸收比ﻫａbsorｐtioｍeter，吸收光度计ａｂｓoｒptiｏn celｌ,吸收池ﻫabsorptioｎcoefｆｉciｅnt,吸收系数absorｐtｉon ｃoｒreｃtｉon,吸收修正ﻫaｂsorptｉon ｅdgｅs,吸收边aｂsorption ｆａcｔor,吸收系数ﻫabsoｒption hygromeｔｅｒ，吸收温度表ａbｓorptiｏn sｐｅｃｔｒuｍ,吸收光谱ﻫabsorptｉｏｎX-raｙｓpｅcｔｒomｅtｒy,吸收Ｘ射线谱法aｂｓorptiviｔy,吸收率ﻫaｂsｏrptｉvitｙof ａn ａbｓorｂiｎg，吸引材料的吸收率ﻫａbstｒａct ｓysｔem,抽象系统aｂｕndａnｃe seｎsｉｔyivitｙ，丰度灵敏度AC-ACLVDT disｐlａcement trａnsｄｕcｅr，交流差动变压器式位移传感器ﻫacceｌeｒateｄte ｓｔ,加速试验accｅｌeｒatｉｏng voltaｇe,加速电压ﻫaccｅｌｅratiｏn，加速度ﻫaccｅleratiｏn error ｃoeffｉcient,加速度误差系数aｃceｌeｒation oｆgraviｔｙ,重力加速度acｃelｅratiｏn simuｌaｔor,加速度仿真器ﻫａｃcelｅｒaｔｉｏn transdｕcｅr,加速度传感器acceleｒｏmｅｔer，加速度计ﻫaccｅptａncｅｏｆｔｈe masｓfiltｅｒ，滤质器的接收容限acｃepｔaｎcｅtest,验［交]收检验ﻫaccess,存取acｃess tｉme,存取时间ａｃｃessｉbｉlｉtｙ,可及性ﻫａccesｓoriｅｓof tesｔｉng ｍａcｈｉne,试验机附件acceｓｓｏrｙ（fｏr a measuｒinｇinstｒuｍeｎｔ)，(测量仪表的）附件ﻫaccesｓｏry hａrdware,附属硬件ﻫａccessｏｒy oｆlimiｔｅd ｉnｔerchaｎｇeaｂilitｙ,有限互换附件ﻫaｃcｕmulａtｅd eｒｒor,积累误差ａccｕmulaｔｅd timｅdiffｅrence,累积时差ﻫaccumｕｌaｔiｖe raingａug e，累积雨量器ﻫaccumulａｔor,累加器ﻫacｃuｒacy,精［准]确度ﻫaｃcurａcy ｃlass,精[准]确度等级ﻫaccuraｃy limiｔｆａctor(ｏf ａprotｅctivｅcｕrreｎt tｒansｆormer), (保护用电流互感器的）精确度极限因数ﻫaccurａcy ｏf meaｓurement,测量精[准］确度ａccuｒacy of the wavｅleｎgtｈ,波长精确度ﻫacｃｕｒａcｙｒatｉng,精确度限aceｔyleｎe（prｅssure)gaugｅ,乙炔压力表ﻫａcetyｌene rｅｇulatoｒ,乙炔减压器ﻫacousｔｉｃamｐliｔude logｇeｒ,声波幅度测井仪aｃｏuｓｔic beacon,水声信标ﻫａcoｕstiｃcｕrrent metｅr,声学海流计ａｃｏustic elｅmenｔ,声学元件ﻫacoustｉc eｍiｓsioｎ,声发射acｏｕstic ｅmisｓion amplitｕde,声发射振幅acoustｉc ｅmissｉｏn analysis systeｍ,声发射分析系统acoustiｃemisｓioｎdｅtectiｏn sｙstｅｍ,声发射检测系统ﻫacoustｉｃemiｓsiｏn deｔecto ｒ，声发射检测仪aｃoustｉc emission energy,声发射能量aｃouｓｔic emisｓｉｏn eveｎt，声发射事件ﻫacoustic emissiｏｎｐreampｌiｆｉer，声发射前置放大器aｃoustic ｅｍiｓsioｎpuｌsｅr，声发射脉冲发生器ﻫacｏｕstic eｍｉssｉon rate，声发射率aｃｏustic eｍissioｎsiｇnal procｅssoｒ,声发射信号处理器ﻫaｃｏustic ｅｍissｉoｎrate,声发射信号ﻫacoustic emｉssion source lｏcａtiｏn anｄaｎalｙsisｓyｓteｍ，声发射源定位及分析系统ﻫacouｓｔiｃeｍissｉｏnｓoｕrce lｏcaｔioｎsyｓteｍ,声发射源定位系统ﻫacoｕstic emission ｓourcｅ，声发射源aｃoｕstic emｉsｓionｓpectrｕm，声发射频谱ﻫacoustic eｍｉsｓｉｏｎteｃhｎiqｕe，声发射技术ﻫａcｏustiｃｅmission traｎsduｃeｒ，声发射换能器ﻫａcouｓticｆａtｉgue,声疲劳ﻫac ｏustic impedaｎce，声阻抗aｃoustic ｌogging iｎｓｔrument,声波测井仪ﻫacoustic malfunction,声失效ﻫａcouｓticｍａｔｃhｉng ｌaｙeｒ,声匹配层acｏustiｃ(qｕantｉty)ｔransdｕcer,声(学量）传感器ﻫacｏusｔiｃrａtｉo,声比acousｔiｃreleaser,声释放器acouｓtｉc ｒｅｓｉstａnce,声阻acｏusticｔhermometeｒ,声学温度计;声波温度表acｏｕsｔｉc ｔidｅgaugｅ,回声验潮仪ﻫａcoｕｓtic tｒanｓpoｎder,声应答器ａｃｏｕｓｔiｃal frｅｑｕeｎcy electriｃ，声频大地电场仪ﻫaｃｏｕsticａl hologram,声全息图ﻫaｃoｕstｉcal holoｇｒａｐｈy，声全息ﻫacousticａl ｈoloｇraｐhy by electｒｏn-beam ｓcａnning,电子束扫描声全息ﻫaｃoustical ｈｏloｇraphｙby ｌaser scanning，激光束扫描声全息aｃousticａl hologｒaphy byｍechanicaｌscanｎing,机械扫查声全息ａｃousticaｌiｍａgiｎg by Ｂragg diffrａction,布拉格衍射声成像aｃoustiｃａl ｉmｐeｄance meｔhod,声阻法ﻫacｏustical lens,声透镜acousｔｉｃally traｎsparent pressure vessｅｌ，透声压力容器ﻫaｃquｉsition tｉｍe,取数据时间ﻫactiｎｏmｅｔer,光能计；直接日射强度表；日射表（aｃtive)enerｇｙmeteｒ,（有功）电度表ﻫaｃtiｖｅgauｇe lengtｈ，有效基长ﻫａｃtｉｖe ga ｕｇe width,有效基宽ﻫaｃtive metaｌindicａtｅd eleｃtrode，活性金属指示电极ａctive remote ｓenｓiｎｇ,主动遥感ﻫactiｖe traｎsｄucｅr,有源传感器ﻫａctivity,活度ａctivitｙcoeｆfｉcieｎt,活度系数actｕal maｔeriａl cａｌibｒation,实物校准ﻫａctｕａｌtｉmeｏf obｓervａtioｎ,实际观测时间ﻫactual tｒaｎsｆormatｉon rａtｉo of vｏｌｔａｇe tｒansfoｒmｅr,电压互感器的实际变化acｔral transforｍａｔion ratio ｏf current transformｅr，电流互感器的实际变化aｃtual vａｌue,实际值ﻫactual volｔagｅrａtiｏ,实际电压比ﻫactuａtor,执行机构；驱动器actｕaｔor belｌｏws,执行机构波纹管ﻫactｕａtor ｌoad,执行机构负载ﻫactuatoｒpoｗer unit,执行机构动力部件ａｃｔuａｔor sｅｎsor inteｒface(ＡSI）,执行器传感器接口aｃｔuatｏr shaｆt,执行机构输出轴actuator spring,执行机构弹簧aｃtuatｏr stem，执行机构输出杆ﻫactuator stｅm force,执行机构刚度actuatｏr tｒａvｅl ｃhaｒａctｅriｓtiｃ,执行机构行程特性ﻫａdaptatｉoｎlayer，适应层ａdapｔive ｃonｔrol，(自)适应控制ﻫadaptiｖe cｏｎｔrol system,适应控制系统ａdａptｉve ｃｏntrolleｒ,适应控制器ﻫaｄaｐtive prｅdiction，适应预报ａdaｐｔive telｅmeterｉng ｓystem,适应遥测系统ﻫadder,加法器ﻫadｄition metｈod,叠加法ﻫaddiｔｉonａｌcｏrrectiｏn,补充修正ﻫaｄditｉｖｉty ｏｆｍasｓspecｔra,质谱的可迭加性ﻫaddress,地址aｄiａbatｉｃｃalorimｅter,绝热式热量计ﻫadjuｓt bufｆeｒtｏｔal ion ｓtrengtｈ，总离子强度调节缓冲剂ﻫadjustａbｌe cistern bａrometer，动槽水银气压表aｄjｕｓtａbleｒelａｔive huｍｉdity ｒａnge,相对湿度可调范围ﻫaｄjｕstable temperａture ｒａnge,温度可调范围adｊｕsｔeｄreteｎｔion time,调整保留时间ﻫadjuｓtｅd retｅｎtioｎvｏlume,调整保留体积aｄjuｓter,调整机构；调节器adjusｔｍenｔ，调整adjｕstｍent bｅllows,调节波纹管ﻫaｄjustmenｔdｅviｃe,调整装置ﻫadjusting pｉn，校正针ａdsoｒbenｔ,吸附剂ａdsorｐtion chromａtogｒapｈy，吸附色谱法ﻫａeｒial cam era,航空照相机ﻫａｅriaｌremote sensing，航空遥感aeriaｌｓｕｒveｙing caｍera，航摄仪aerodｙnamiｃbａlance,空气动力学天平aerodynamｉｃnoiｓe，气体动力噪声ａｅｒogｒaph,高空气象计ﻫaeｒogrａｖitｙsurvey,航空重力测量ﻫaｅｒomｅtｅorｏgraph，高空气象计ﻫaｅroｓol,县浮微料;气溶胶ﻫａｇｉng of cｏlumn,柱老化ﻫagｉｔａtor，搅拌器ａｇricultuｒal ａnalyzeｒ，农用分析仪air-bｏrne grａvimｅｔer,航空重力仪air cａpacitｏｒ，空气电容器air conｓuｍptｉｏｎ，耗气量ﻫair dａmｐｅr,空气阻尼器ﻫair－ｄepｌoyaｂle ｂuoｙ，空投式极地浮标air-drｏp auｔｏmatiｃstaｔion,空投自动气象站ﻫair duｃt,风道ﻫaiｒｇｕn，空气枪ﻫａｉｒｉnleｔ,进风口ﻫaiｒlock,气锁阀aiｒ－loｃk deｖice,锁气装置ﻫaiｒoutleｔ，回风口ﻫair pressrue balanｃe,空气压力天平aiｒprｅsｓurｅteｓt,空气压力试验ﻫair ｓleeｖe,风（向）袋ﻫaiｒtｅmperaturｅ,气温aｉｒ-ｔiｇhｔinstrumｅnt,气密式仪器仪表ａir to cｌose,气关aiｒtｏｏpen,气开ａirbｏrne electroｍagｎetic syｓteｍ;ＡＥＭsysｔem，航空电磁系统ａiｒｂorｎe flux-gate mａgneｔometer，航空磁通门磁力仪ﻫairｂｏrｎe ｇamma ｒadioｍｅｔｅr,航空伽玛辐射仪ﻫairborne ｇａｍma spｅcｔｒoｍeter,航空伽玛能谱仪ﻫａｉｒboｒneｉnfrａrｅd spｅctroradiｏmeter,机载红外光谱辐射计ａｉrbornｅoｐtiｃal pumpinｇmagneｔｏmeｔer，航空光泵磁力仪ﻫａirbornｅprotoｎmagnetomｅteｒ,航空甚低频电磁系统ﻫａｉrborｎe XＢT,机载投弃式深温计ﻫairgun ｃontrｏlｌｅr,气控制器ﻫairmeter,气流表ﻫalarm summery pａｎｅｌ，报警汇总画面aｌaｒｍuｎit，报警单元ﻫaｌbedogｒaph，反射计alcoｈol thｅｒmｏmeｔer,酒精温度表ﻫalgoritｈｍ，算法alｇorｉtｈmic laｎguａgｅ，算法语言alidadｅ,照准仪alignmｅnt iｎstｒumｅｎt,准线仪ﻫalkaｌi flaｍe iｏnizaｔiｏn detectoｒ(AＦID)，碱焰离子化检测器ａｌkaｌinｅerror，碱误差alｋaｌinity ｏf seａｗａter，海水碱度all－sky camｅra,全天空照相机all－weaｔｈeｒwiｎd vane aｎｄanemomeｔer,全天候风向风速计ﻫallocａtｉoｎproｂlem,配置问题;分配问题ａllowablｅｌoaｄiｍpｅdaｎce,允许的负载阻抗ﻫａllowable pｒessure dｉffｅrentiａl,允许压差ﻫaｌｌowableｕnbaｌanｃe,许用不平衡量alphａspectrometeｒ,α粒子能谱仪ａｌｔerｎatingloａd,交变负荷ﻫaｌternatｉng－ｃuｒrentｌiｎear variable dｉffｅｒｅｎｔｉａl tｒansformｅｒ(AC-ACLVＤＴ），交流极谱仪alｔeｒnatiｎg teｍpｅraturｅhumiｄi ｔy teｓt chambeｒ,交变湿热试验箱ﻫａｌtiｍeｔer,高度计altiｔude angle，高度角ﻫaltｉtｕdｅmeter,测高仪ambienｔhuｍidiｔｙrange,环境湿度范围ambｉent ｐrｅｓsure,环境压力ａｍbieｎｔpressurｅｅrrｏr,环境压力误差ambiｅｎｔtｅmperａtuｒe,环境ambienｔtempeｒature ranｇｅ,环境温度范围aｍbient vibｒaｔiｏn,环境振动ﻫambiguiｔy erｒor，模糊误差amｍｅｔer，电流表ａｍmｏnia（preｓsure)gauge，氨压力表amouｎt ｏｆprecｉpitａtioｎ，雨量ａmoｕnt ｏf uｎbａlance，不平衡量ﻫamounｔoｆｕnbalance ｉndｉｃatｉｏr,不平衡量指示器ａｍｐere-hour meｔer,安时计ﻫａｍpｌｉtuｄe，幅值ﻫａmplｉtudｅｄetectｏr module,振幅检测组件ﻫampｌitude eｒrｏｒ，振幅误差amｐlｉtude modｕlａtｉon(AM),幅度调制;调幅ﻫamｐlitudｅ-phase erroｒ,幅相误差aｍｐlituｄe ratｉｏ-phase differencｅｉnｓtrumeｎｔ，振幅比—相位差仪ﻫampｌｉtuｄｅr ｅｓponse,幅值响应ﻫanａlｏg cｏmputer，模拟计算机ﻫanalｏｇcoｎｔrｏl,模拟控制ﻫaｎalog data，模拟数据anａlｏg deep-leveｌseismograhｐ，模拟深层地震仪aｎalog inpuｔ,模拟输入ﻫaｎａloｇmagｎeｔic tape rｅｃorｄｔype strong-motion ｉｎstrｕmeｎt，模拟磁带记录强震仪ﻫａnalog mｏdeｌ,模拟模型analｏg ouｔpｕt,模拟输出analoｇｓeismoｇrａpｈtapｅrｅcoｒder，模拟磁带地震记录仪aｎａｌog simulａtiｏn,模拟仿真ﻫanａｌog ｓtｅｒeoｐｏttｅr,模拟型立体测图仪ﻫanaｌog ｓｕpercｏnduｃｔion mａgnetoｍeteｒ，模拟式超导磁力仪ﻫａnａｌoｇsystem,模拟系统analｏg tｅｌemeterｉng sysｔｅm，模拟遥测系统ﻫanaloｇ-to-ｄｉgital cｏｎversion aｃｃｕｒacy,模-数转换精确度ﻫａnaｌog-to-digｉｔａl coｎverｓioｎｒaｔe,模-数转换速度ﻫanalog tran ｓdｕcer,模拟传感器anａｌｏgｕe ｃomｐuteｒ,模拟计算单元ﻫanａlogue daｔe,模拟数据ﻫanalogue measｕrｉng inｓtrumｅｎt,模拟式测量仪器仪表ﻫanａlogue ｒｅｐreｓentation of a pｈysiｃaｌｑｕantity，物理量的模拟表示ﻫａnalogue sigｎal,模拟试验aｎaｌｏgue-digｉtａｌｃonvｅrter;A/D cｏnvｅrtｅr,模-数转换器;A/D转换器anaｌogｕe-to-dｉｇｉtal ｃonｖeｒsｉon,模/数转［变］换ﻫanａlｙsis ｏf simｕlａtｉon exｐer ｉmｅnt,仿真实验分析ﻫanａlytiｃａlｂalanｃｅ,分析天平ﻫaｎaｌyticaｌeleｃtron ｍicrｏｓｃope,分析型电子显微镜ﻫanalyticaｌgaｐ,分析间隙ﻫanalytiｃal insｔrｕmeｎt,分析仪器ﻫａｎa ｌｙｔｉｃal liｎｅ,分析线analyｔｉcal plｏtter,解析测图仪analyzer ｔuｂe，分析管ﻫａneｃhｏｉc ｃhambｅr,消声室；电波暗室anｅchoｉc tank,消声水池anemograph，风速计aｎemoｍｅtｅr，风速表anemometer meast,测风杆ﻫanｅmometer ｔower,测风塔ａneｒｏid barograph,空盒气压计ﻫaneroid baｒomｅｔer,空盒气压表；空盒气压计aｎeroiｄograｐh,空盒气压计anglｅ，角度ﻫaｎｇle beam technｉquｅ,斜角法ａngleｂeａｍtｅｓｔinｇ,斜角法angle ｆorm,角型angle ｏf attaｃh，冲角ﻫangle of field oｆvｉew,视场角aｎgｌe of iｎcidencｅ，入射角aｎglｅoｆｒeｆracｔioｎ,折射角ａnｇle oｆspread,指向角；半扩散角ａｎgle of vieｗoｆtelescｏpｅ,望远镜视场角angle oｆＸ－ray ｐrojｉｃtion，X射线辐射圆锥角ﻫangle probe,斜探头ﻫａngｌｅreｓolved elｅcｔron ｓpｅctrosｃｏpy（ARES)，角分辨电子谱法ﻫangle strain,角应变anｇle transdｕcer,角度传感器ﻫanglg-aｔtａck ｔrａｎsduｃer,迎角传感器ﻫangle ｖalve,角形阀angulａr acceleratiｏｎ,角加速度ﻫａｎｇular aｃcelｅrａtioｎtransｄｕcｅr，角加速度传感器ﻫa ｎgular displacement，角加速度传感器ﻫaｎgulａr displacement，角位移ａnｇulａr displacｅmｅnt gratioｎg，角位移光栅ﻫangｕlar ｅncodｅr,角编码器ﻫangulaｒsensitｉvitｙ，角灵敏度ａnguｌarｖeｌociｔｙtraｎsducer,角速度传感器aｎnulaｒcoｉl clearaｎce,环形线圈间隙ﻫannular ｓpａce,环形间隙annunciator,信号源ﻫanode,阳极ﻫａnｓwering,应答ﻫaｎti-cａvitatioｎｖalve,防空化阀ａnti-ｃontamｉｎａtioｎdｅvｉｃｅ,防污染装置ﻫａｎti－coupliｎg bｉ-freｑuencｙinducｅd ｐolarizatioｎｉnｓｔruｍeｎt,抗耦双频激电仪antｉ-ｍagnetizｅd varisｔor,消磁电压敏电阻器ﻫanｔｉresonaｎｃe,反共振ａｎｔiｒesoｎａncｅfｒｅqueｎcy，反共振频率antｉ-stockes line,反斯托克线ﻫaperiodiｃdampong，非周期阻尼;过阻尼ﻫaperｉodｉc viｂration,非周期振动apｅrtuｒe,光阑aｐerturｅｏf prｅssｕｒe dｉffereｎｃe,压差光阑ﻫａperｔuｒeｐhｏtographic methｏｄ，针孔摄影法ａｐerｔure stoｐ，孔径光栏ａpeｒture tｉｍe,空隙时间ﻫａｐpａraｔus for meaｓuｒiｎg d．c.maｇnｅｔic chａracteristic with ballistiｃｇalvaｎoｍeter, 冲击法直流磁特性测量装置ﻫappaｒent temｐｅratuｒe,表观温度ﻫappeaｒance potentｉｃal,出现电位ﻫappearａnce ｐotentiａl spectrometeｒ,出现电热谱仪ﻫapｐeａrance potential spｅctromeｔｅｒ(APＳ)，出现电热谱法ﻫapplicaｔioｎlａyer（AＬ),应用层apｐliｃatｉon laｙerｐｒｏtocol specｉfication,应用层协议规范ﻫapplicａｔiｏn laｙer ｓervｉce ｄefｉnitiｏn,应用室服务定义ﻫａpｐlicationｓｏｆtwａre,应用软件apｐroval,批准apｐｒoｘimａte ａbsoｌutｅtempｅrａtｕreｓｃaｌe,近似绝对温标ﻫaqueouｓvaｐour,水汽ﻫarcｓuppresｓiｎg varstor,消弧电压敏电阻器ﻫarctic buoy,极地浮标ﻫａrea effｅct，面积影响ﻫarea loｃation,区域定位areａｏf crosｓsection of tｈe maｉｎairｆlｏｗ,主送风方向横截面积ﻫａrgｏn－ion ｇuｎ,氩离子枪ﻫaｎnulaｒcｈamber,环室ﻫargｏn ｉonization detｅctor,氩离子化检测器aritｈmetiｃlogic unit(ＡLU),算术逻辑运算单元ａriｔhmeｔic mean，算术平均值aritｈmetiｃｗeｉghｔed mean,算术加权平均值ａriｔhmetｉｃal mｅａn dｅvｉａtion of the（fｏugｈneｓs)ｐrｏfｉlｅ,(粗糙度）轮廓的算术平均偏差ﻫarm eｒｒoｒ，不等臂误差ﻫａrｍature，动铁芯ﻫａｒray,阵,阵列aｒray configurａｔion,阵排列ﻫａrreｓteｒvaｒistｏｒ,防雷用电压敏电阻器artiｃulated robot,关节型机器aｒｔifｉｃial dｅfｅct,人工缺陷ﻫaｒtiｆicｉａl enｖiｒoｎｍeｎｔ,人工环境artificiａl fiｅld metｈｏd iｎｓtrumｅnｔ,人工电场法仪器ﻫａrｔificial iｎｔellｉgｅnｃｅ,人工智能ﻫaｒtifｉcial seawaｔer,人工海水ﻫａsh ｆusion point detｅrmination mｅter,异步通信接口适配器ﻫasynchronｏuｓｉnpｕt,异步输入ﻫasynｃｈronoｕs trａnsmiｓsioｎ，异步传输atmidomｅter,蒸发仪,蒸发表atｍometer,蒸发仪;蒸发表ﻫatmｏradioｇraｐh,天电强度计aｔmｏｓpｈere,气氛aｔmosｐherｉｃｃｏunter rａdｉaｔion,天气向下辐射ａtｍospheric elｅｃtｒicity,大气电atmospheriｃｏpaｃiｔy,大气不透明度ａtmosｐｈerｉc ｐrｅssuｒe,气压aｔmospheric ｐreｓｓｕre altimeteｒ,气压高度计ﻫaｔmoｓphｅｒic ｐｒessure ionization（A ＰＩ),大气压电离ﻫatmosｐherics,天电；远程雷电atom foｒce mｉcroscope,原子力显微镜ﻫaｔoｍｉc absoｒｐtｉｏn speｃｔromｅtry，原子吸收光谱法ﻫａtomic fluｏrescence ｓpeｃtrophｏｔomeｔer,原子荧光光度计ﻫatoｍic fluoｒｅscｅnce ｓｐectrometｒy,原子荧光光谱法atomic ｍass unit,原子质量单位atｏmic nuｍber cｏrrｅｃtiｏn,原子序数修正ﻫａtoｍｉn spｅcｔｒum,原子光谱ﻫatｏmｉc-abso ｒｐtｉon sｐectropｈｏtomeｔeｒ,原子吸收分光光度计ﻫaｔｏｍization,原子化atomiｚｅr,原子化器attenｕatｉｏn，衰减atｔenuａtｉon cｏeffｉcient,衰减系数attenuａｔionｌeｎgth,衰减长度ﻫａｔtｅnuaｔor，衰减器aｔtitudｅ，姿态attituｄe tｒanｓducｅｒ,姿态传感器ａudio mｏnitor,监听器aｕdio-frequｅnｃｙｓpectromｅter,声频频谱仪ﻫaudit，审核Augｅr elｅｃtrｏn energy sｐectｒomeｔer(AEES),俄歇电子能谱仪ﻫAuｇeｒeｌｅctron iｍage,俄歇电子象ﻫAuger eleｃtroｎsｐectroｍeｔer,俄歇电子能谱仪Auger ｅｌectｒoｎspectrｏsｃopy(AＥS),俄歇电子能谱法ﻫaurora，极光aｕto－ｃoｍpensatiｏnｌogginｇiｎstｒｕment,电子自动测井仪ﻫauｔｏ－ｃompoｕｎdｃurrent ｔransforｍeｒ,自耦式混合绕组电流互感器autｏ-poｌarｉzation ｃｏmpensａtor，自动极化补偿器ａｕｔocｏｒｒｅlatiｏn funｃtioｎ,自相关函数ﻫautoｍatic a.c.,ｄ.ｃ.B-H curve ｔracer,交、直流磁特性自动记录装置ﻫautomatic baｌａncinｇｍａchｉnｅ，自动平衡机ﻫautｏmatic contrｏl,自动控制ﻫautｏmatｉｃconｔｒolｓｏｕｃｅｏf vacｕum,真空自动控制电源automatic control systeｍ,自动控制系统ａutomatiｃdaｔa procesｓｉnｇ，自动数据处理ﻫａuｔomａｔic ｅxpｏsｕre deｖicｅ,自动曝光装置aｕｔoｍatic feeｄer for brine,盐水溶液自动补给器ﻫauｔomａtic foｃｕs anｄstigmａtor，自动调焦和消象散装置ﻫaｕtoｍatｉc lｅveｌ,自动安平水准仪automatic ｌｅvelｌing compｅnsatｏr,视轴安平补偿器ａutoｍatｉc／manual statｉｏｎ；Ａ／M ｓtatiｏn,自动/手动操作器ﻫaｕｔoｍatiｃｐrogram ｍｉnｇ,自动程度设计autoｍatic ｒadio wind wane and aｎemomｅｔer，无线电自动风向风速仪ﻫａutomａtｉc railwaｙwｅiｇhｂridge，电子轨道衡ﻫautｏmatic scanｎｉng,自动扫查ﻫaｕｔomatic ｓpring pｉpｅtｔｅ,自动弹簧式吸液管ﻫaｕtoｍaｔｉc teｓting ｍａｃｈｉｎe,自动试验机automatic titｒator，自动滴定仪automaｔic ｔｒacｋｉｎｇ，自动跟踪automaｔic veｒticａl inｄeｘ,竖直度盘指标补偿器ａutｏmatｉc ｗeathｅrｓtatｉon,自动气象站aｕtｏmaｔｉon,自动化auｔｏmaｔon,自动机auxiｌiary aｔtacｈｍeｎt,辅件ﻫaｕxiliary controｌler bｕs(ACB),辅助控制器总线ﻫａuxiliaｒy ｃratｅcｏｎtroｌler，辅助机箱控制器ﻫauｘilｉarｙdｅvices,辅助装置aｕｘiliary equｉpｍent(ｏf ｐｏｔentiometｅr)，(电位差计的）辅助设备ﻫａuｘiｌｉarｙgａs,辅助气体ﻫauxiｌiaｒy oｕｔｐｕt ｓｉgｎal，辅助输出信号ａuxiliarｙsｔorａge,辅助存储器ﻫaｕxｉｌｉａry terminal,辅助端ａuｘiｌｉary type gｒａviｍｅter,助动型重力仪avaｉlabilｉty,可用性ａvaiｌａble time,可用时间average,平均值averａgｅavaiｌabｉliｔy,平均可用度averａge nｏmｉnaｌｃｈaractｅristiｃ,平均名义特性averaｇe sｏund ｌｅｖel，平均声级ﻫａverage vａｌue oｆcｏｎｔaｒmｉnatｉoｎ,污染的平均值avｅragｅwind speed，平均风速aｘｉal clｅarance，轴向间隙ﻫaxｉal cｕrｒeｎt flow method,轴向通电法ａｘiａl ｌoad,轴向载荷axｉal ｓｅnsｉtiｖitｙ，轴向灵敏度ａxｉaｌviｂration,轴向振动ａxis ｏf rotaｔｉoｎ,摆轴;旋转轴ａｘix of strain gaｕge,应变计［片］轴线电子类常用英汉对照词典[2]B-scｏpｅ,B型显示 back fｌushing，反吹background,后台，背景,本底 backｇround cuｒrｅnt,基流 bａckｇｒounｄ mass sｐeｃtｒｕm,本底质谱 bａckground ｎoｉｓｅ,背景噪声ｂackgｒｏund prｏcessiｎg,后台处理 backgrounｄprogｒam,后台程度 Backman ｔｈerm ｏmｅter,贝克曼温度计 bａｃkscａtterｅd eleｃtｒon image，背散射电子象 backward chan ｎel，反ﻫＢ－scｏpe,B型显示bａｃk flushｉng,反吹ﻫbａｃkgrｏｕnd,后台，背景，本底bａｃkground cuｒreｎt,基流ﻫbaｃkｇrouｎd mass ｓpｅctrum,本底质谱backｇround noｉsｅ,背景噪声ｂａckgroｕnd ｐｒocessiｎg，后台处理bacｋgｒound pｒogrａm,后台程度ﻫBackｍan thermｏｍeteｒ，贝克曼温度计ﻫbａckscａttered ｅlｅctｒon imaｇｅ,背散射电子象baｃkward cｈanｎel,反向信道bafflｅｗalｌ,隔板balａnce,天平ﻫbalａncｅ for meａsuring ａmouｎｔｏf ｐrecipitaｔiｏn,水量秤ｂａｌanｃe ouｔput,对称输出ﻫｂａｌancｅ qualitｙｏf rｏtor,转子平衡精度baｌancｅwieght,平衡块balanced ｐl ug,平衡型阀芯balａｎcｉng，平衡ｂalａnｃiｎg macｈine sｅｎｓｉtivｉtｙ,平衡机灵敏度bａlancing ｍａcｈｉne,平衡机bａlａｎｃinｇｓpeed,平衡转速ｂaｌl pｎeumatic deaｄwiegｈt tester,浮球压力计ｂａll sｃｒew ａssｅｍbｌy,滚珠丝杠副baｌｌ valve,球阀bａlliｓtic galvａｎｏmｅter，冲击栓流计baｎd,频带ﻫbanｄｗidtｈ,带宽ﻫｂand width oｆvｉdeo ampｌifｉer，视频放大器频宽ﻫba ｒｐrimary bushｉng typｅ curｒent tｒaｎsformer,棒形电流互感器barograph，气压计barｏmｅter ｃｉsteｒn,气压表水银槽ﻫｂarｏmｅteｒ,气压表ﻫbaｒｏmeｔric ｃorrecｔion，气压表器差修正ﻫｂａrometrograph,空盒气压计ﻫbarotｈeｒmoｇraｐh,气压温度计ｂarrｅｌｄｉｓtortｉon,桶形畸变；负畸变base,基底baｓｅ line，基线ﻫbase peａk,基峰ﻫbasｅｕnit（of meａsuｒｅｍeｎt),基本（测量)单位ﻫbaseband LAM，基带局域网ﻫbaseｌinｅ dｒｉfｔ，基线漂移baｓelinｅｎｏｉｓe，基线噪声ﻫbasｅｌiｎe potential,空白电位ｂaseline ｖaｌue，空白值ﻫbａsｉｃＮＭＲ fｒequｅｎｃy,基本核磁共振频率ﻫbasｉｃ s ｔａndard，基础标准ﻫbａtｃh contｒｏl,批量控制ﻫbaｔch ｃonｔrｏｌ staｔion,批量控制站ﻫbaｔｃh ｉｎlｅt,分批进样baｔcｈｏf strain gａuｇe，应变计[片]批batch proｃessiｎｇ,成批处理ﻫbatch processiｎg ｓｉｍulation,批处理仿真ﻫＢａｕd,波特ﻫbeaｍ,横梁；声速ﻫbｅａm deflｅctｏｒ,电子束偏转器ﻫbeａm path distance,声程beam ratio,声束比ﻫbｅam spoｔ dｉametｅr,束斑直径ﻫbeam-dｅflectiｏn ultrａsｏnic ｆlｏwｍeter,声速偏转式超声流量计ﻫbeam-loadｉｎｇｔｈermobalance,水平式热天平ﻫbｅaｒiｎg,轴承；刀承ﻫbeａring axｉｓ,轴承中心线bdariｎg ｓuｐporｔ,支承架ｂｅａt ｆrequｅｎcy oscillaｔor，拍频振荡器ﻫｂeat ｍetｈoｄ(ｏf measuｒｅｍent）,差拍（测量)法Beaufｏrt scaｌｅ,蒲福风级Bｅckmaｎｄｉｆferentｉａl ｔhermometeｒ,贝克曼温度计bed,机座Ｂeeｒ' law,比尔定律ﻫbeｌl manoｍｅｔer，钟罩压力计ｂeｌl proｖeｒ,钟罩校准器belｌows，波纹管bellows(pressure)gauge，波纹管压力表bｅllows seaｌ bｏｎneｔ，波纹管密封型上阀盖ﻫbenｃｈ maｒk,水准点ｂending ｓｔrｅnｇtｈ,弯曲强度ﻫbendiｎg vibｒation,弯曲振动ﻫbeｎt stem ｅａrtｈthｅrｍｏｍeter,曲管地温表ﻫBeｓsｏn nｅphｏｓcopｅ,贝森测云器ﻫbetａtrｏｎ,电子回旋加速器;电子感应加速器ﻫbezｅl ring,盖环ｂiaｓ voltaｇe,偏压bi-ｄｉrectioｎal vane,双向风向标;双风信标ﻫbilaterａl current ｓtａbiｌizer,双向稳流器biｍｅtａllic ｅlemenｔ,双金属元件bimetalliｃ instrumeｎt,双金属式仪表bimeｔallｉｃ temperaｔuｒe tranｓｄucｅr,双金属温度传感器ﻫbｉmetalｌic therｍｏm ｅｔer，双金属温度计binａry coded decｉｍal(BＣD),二-十进制编码ｂｉnary ｃｏｎｔｒol，二进制控制binaｒy digｉｔal，二进制数字ﻫbinａry elastic ｓcatｔｅring event,双弹性散射过程binary ｅlａstｉc ｓｃatｔerinｇ peak,双弹性散射峰ﻫｂinaｒy elｅmeｎt,二进制元ﻫbin ａｒy sigｎal,二进制信号ﻫbｉomedｉcal ａｎａlyzer,生物医学分析仪biochｅmiｃal oxｙgｅn demand (ＢOＤ)micrｏbｉal tｒanｓducｅr，微生物BＯD传感器biochemｉｃａｌ oxygeｎｄemａnd meteｒ for ｓeａwaｔer,海水生化需氧量测定仪ﻫbｉochemicaｌ quanｔity trａnsｄｕcer，生化量传感器bｉoｌogｉcal qｕantｉty tｒansｄuceｒ,生物量传感器bｉosensoｒ,生物传感器ﻫｂird ｒeceiving systeｍ,吊舱接收系统bｉt,比特；位ｂit errｏr rａtｅ，误码率ﻫｂｉt serial,位串行ﻫbit-sｅrial hiｇｇｗaｙ,位串行信息公路ﻫbｉｖane,双向风向标；双风信标black box,未知框ﻫblａｃk light ｆilｔer，透过紫外线的滤光片black light ｌamp,紫外线照射装置blacｋｂoｄｙ,黑体ﻫｂlaｃkbｏdｙ cｈａmber,黑体腔blａckbodｙｆｕｒｎace,黑体炉ﻫbland test,空白试验ﻫbａlzed gratｉｎｇ,闪耀光栅blｏcｋ,块体;字块;字组;均温块ﻫｂｌock cｈeck,块检验block diagrａｍ,方块(框）图ﻫblock lenｇth,字块度ﻫbloｃk transｆer,块传递ﻫblooｄｃａｌcｉuｍｉｏn transducｅr，血钙传感器ﻫbｌｏoｄ carｂoｎdioxide tｒａnsdｕｃer,血液二氧化碳传感器ﻫblood chloried ｉｏn trａnsducer,血氯传感器ﻫbloｏd ｅlectｒolyte traｎsduceｒ,血液电解质传感器ｂlood flow transｄucer,血流传感器blooｄ gａs transｄｕcer,血气传感器ﻫbｌｏod-group immune transdｕcer,免疫血型传感器ﻫbloｏｄ oxygeｎ transducｅr,血氧传感器ﻫｂlｏoｄ PＨ tｒanｓducer，血液PH传感器ﻫbl ｏod potassium ion transducer,血钾传感器bｌｏod-prｅssure traｎｓducer,血压传感器ﻫblｏod ｓodium ioｎｔransdｕｃeｒ,血钠传感器ﻫｂlｏｏd-volume trａnsｄｕcｅr,血容量传感器blower ｄｅvicｅ,鼓风装置ﻫblｕff ｂody,阻流体Bode diagram,博德图ﻫboｄy tempｅraｔｕｒｅtrａnsducer,体温传感器ﻫｂolometer,辐射热计;热副射仪ｂｏmb heａd ｔrａy，弹头托盘ﻫｈｏndeｄ sｔraｉn gauge,粘贴式应变计boｎnet，上阀盖ﻫboomerａng grab,自返式取样器ﻫboomｅrang ｇrａvitｙｃoreｒ，自返式深海取样管ﻫboosteｒ,增强器bore(oｆ liｑuid-in-glaｓｓthermｏmｅｔeｒ）,(玻璃温度计的）内孔boreｈole acouｓtｉc teｌeｖｉｓｉｏｎｌogger,超声电视测井仪borehole compensated ｓonic ｌｏgger,补偿声波测井仪ﻫborehoｌe graｖｉmｅｔer，井中重力仪ﻫｂorｅhloe ｇravｉｍｅtry，井中重力测量borｅhole therｍｏｍeter，井温仪boｔtorm eｃho,底面反射波ﻫｂottｏm ｆlange,下阀盖bｏttom－loaｄing thｅrmｏbaｌance,下皿式热天平botｔoｍ surfaｃe,底面Bouｇuｅr's laｗ,伯格定律Ｂouｒｄｏn presｓuｒe senｓor,弹簧管压力检测元件Ｂｏurdon tubｅ，弹簧管；波登管ﻫBouｒdon tube(pｒｅssuｒe)gaｕｇe,弹簧管压力表ｂoｘｇauge，箱式验潮仪ﻫＢP-sｃｏpe,BP 型显示Bｒａgｇ＇s equａtioｎ,布拉格方程ｂraｋing time,制动时间bｒaｋｉnｇ torｑuｅ(of an intｅgrating ｉnｓｔrumeｎt）,（积分式仪表的)制动力矩branｃh,分支ﻫｂｒanch cable，支线电缆breakｄoｗn voltage ｒatiｎｇ,绝缘强度ﻫｂｒｅakpoint,断点ﻫbｒeather,换气装置ﻫｂremsstrahlung,韧致辐射ﻫｂridge,桥接器ﻫbｒidge＇s bａlance ranｇe,电桥平衡范围ﻫbrｉght field elｅｃtroｎ iｍage,明场电子象bridｇe foｒmｅａｓｕｒing temｐeｒatｕre,测温电桥ｂridｇe ｒｅｓｉstance，桥路电阻ﻫbriｇｈtness，亮度ﻫＢrinell haｒdness number,布氏硬度值ﻫBriｎell ｈarｄnelｌpenetｒatoｒ,布氏硬度压头Bｒiｅnll harｄｅnsｓteｓtｅr，布氏硬度计ﻫbｒoadband LAN，定带局域网ﻫｂrｏad-band ｒaｎdoｍ vｉbratiｏn,宽带随机振动ｂroad band speｃｔｒum，宽波段ﻫbrｏadcast,广播ﻫBT-caliｂｒatｉoｎｇｉnsｔａllatio ｎ,深温计［BＴ]检定装置bubbｌe，水准泡ﻫbubble-tube,吹气管ﻫｂｕｃket ｔhermoｍeter,表层温度表ﻫbufｆｅｒ,缓冲器ﻫbｕfｆer sｏluｔｉｏn,缓冲溶液ﻫbufｆer stoｒage,缓冲存储器built-in galｖａnometeｒ,内装式检流计buｉｌt-ｉｎ-weiｇｔhts,挂码ｂuｌb,温包;感温泡ｂulb(of filｌeｄ systｅｍ themｏmeter),（压力式温度计的）温包bulb(of liqｕid-in－ｇlass thermometer）,(玻璃温度计的）感温泡ｂulb lenｇtｈ(ｏｆ liquiｄ-in-ｇlａss ｔhermomｅter),(玻璃温度计的)感温泡长度ﻫbuｌk ｔype ｓemiconductoｒ stｒain gauge,体型半导体应变计bulk ｚｉnｃ oｘidｅ vａｒistor，体型氧化锌电压敏电阻器bump,连续冲击ﻫbump tｅｓt,连续冲击试验;颠簸试验bump teｓting macｈｉne,连续冲击台buｏy，浮标buｏy array,浮标阵buoy fｌoａｔ,浮标体ﻫbuｏy motｉon packaｇe,浮标运动监测装置buoy sｔatｉon，浮标站ｂuoyancｙcorｒection,浮力修正ﻫbuoｙancy level ｍeａsuriｎg devｉｃe,浮力液位测量装置ｂｕrdｅｎ(oｆ a instｒument ｔransfoｒmeｒ),(仪用互感器的）负载ﻫbｕrnｉng ｍethｏd,燃烧法ﻫbｕrsｔ acousｔｉc emｉssion ｓｉgnal，突发传输ﻫｂus,总线bus lｉne,总线bus mastｅr,总线主设备buｓ mother bｏarｄ,总线母板bｕs ｎetwoｒk,总线网ﻫbｕs ｓｌave,总线从设备ｂus tｏpoloｇｙ,总线拓扑bｕs ｔype cｕｒrent ｔｒansformer,母线式电流互感器bushiｎg type cｕrｒent ｔransformer,套管式流互感器ﻫｂusｙ,忙ﻫbusy stａｔe，忙碌状态bｕｔteｒｆｌｙ valｖe,蝶阀 by-paｓs,旁路by-pasｓｉnjｅcｔor,旁通进样器ﻫby－pass ｍａｎifolｄ，旁路接头ﻫby－pass valvｅ,旁通阀Byram aｎemｏmeｔer,拜拉姆风速表ﻫbｙte,字节bytｅ frame，字节帧ﻫbyｔｅｓeriａl,字节串行ﻫｂyｔe-serial highway,字节串行住信处公路摘要:潜水罐笼ｃａgｅｇｕidｉng，套筒导向ｃakｅadheｓive rｅｔentioｎｍeter,泥饼粘滞性测定仪calcuｌaｔed mａxｉmum ｆloｗcoeffｉciｅnt,最大计算流量系数ｃａlcｕaｔed no ｒnal fｏlwｃoeｆficｉent，正常计算流量系数calｉｂrate,定标caｌibrateｄｍeasurｉngｐvoluｍetriｃ]tａnk，校准测量[容积计量]容器calibraｔiｎg ｐeriod,校准周期calｉbrａting voｌＣ-sｃope,Ｃ型显示cabiｎｅt,柜cablｅnoｉｓe，电缆噪声cable－tension trａnｓducer,电缆张力传感器cable tyｐｅcurｒent traｎsｆorｍer，电缆式电流互感器ﻫｃａge，套筒;潜水罐笼ﻫcａge guiding,套筒导向cake aｄｈesive retention mｅter，泥饼粘滞性测定仪ﻫcaｌｃulatedｍａximum flｏw coefficiｅnt,最大计算流量系数calcuateｄｎorｎａｌｆolw cｏeffｉｃient,正常计算流量系数ｃalibrate,定标calibrated meａsｕrｉngpvolumeｔrｉc]taｎｋ,校准测量［容积计量］容器ﻫcａlibratｉｎg peｒｉod,校准周期calibratiｎg vｏlｔage,校准电压caｌｉｂraｔｉon,校准calibｒatｉoｎ（of tｈｅrmｏｍｅｔeｒ),（温度计的）标定caliｂｒaｔion bｌｏcｋ,标准试块calｉbｒatｉon chａracｔeｒiｓｔｉcs,校准特性；分度特性calibｒatｉon ｃoeffｉcienｔof ｗaｖe hｅｉghｔ,波高校正系数ﻫcalibraｔion componｅnt,校准组分cａliｂraｔｉon cuｒｖe,校准曲线；分度曲线ﻫcａlibratioｎcｙcｌe,校准循环ﻫｃalｉbｒation eqｕation,校准公式，分度公式ﻫcalibrationｅｑuｉpmeｎｔof rｅｖerｓiｎg ｔhermomｅterｓ,颠倒温度表检定设备ﻫcａｌibｒatｉoｎfactor ｏf ｔhｅprimaｒy ｄeviｃe，一次装置的校准系数calibｒation ｇas miｘturｅ,校准混合气ﻫcalｉbrａｔｉon hｉｅrarchy,校准层次ﻫｃaliｂraｔｉon point，校准点;分度点ﻫcalibｒation qｕaｎtｉty,校准量ﻫcaｌibratｉoｎｒｅcoｒｄ,校准记录ﻫcalibｒatｉoｎroｔor,标定转子calｉbratｉｏn ｓｏｌutｉon，校准液cａlｉbraｔion table,校准表（格）ﻫcalibrａtioｎtraceａbilitｙ，校准溯源性ﻫcａｌibrator,校验器ﻫｃalibrａtor aboｖｅicｅ-ｐoint,零上检定器cａlｉｂrator below iｃe-poinｔ，零下检定器ｃａlｉｂrator fｏｒice-point,零点检定器caliper profiler,横幅厚度计calling,呼叫caｌomel eｌectrｏｄe，甘汞电极calorifiｅｒ，加热器ｃａlorimｅtｅｒ,热量计cam beｚel ring,卡口式盖环ﻫＣAＭAＣｂrancｈdｒivｅr,CＡMAC 分支驱动器ﻫCAMAC ｂranch-highway,ＣAMＡC 分支信息公路CＡＭAＣcompatｉble crａtｅ，CAMAC兼容机箱ﻫCAMＡC crａtｅ,ＣＡMＡC 机箱CAMAC cratｅasseｍbly,ＣＡMAＣ机箱装置ﻫCAMAC highway,ＣＡMAC信息公路ﻫＣAＭＡC mｏdule,CAMＡC 模块ﻫCAMAC oｐｅraｔiｏn,CAMＡC 操作ﻫCAＭAC paｒalｌel high ｗay,ＣAMＡＣ并行信息公路ﻫＣAMＡC seriａｌdrｉver,CAMＡC串行驱动器ＣAMＡC seｒial hｉｇhway,ＣＡMAC 串行信息公路ﻫCAMAC ｓystｅm，CAMAＣ系统ﻫca ｍera leｎgth,相机度ﻫｃamｆlex valve,偏心旋转阀ﻫCａｍpbｅll-ｓtｏkｅs sｕnｓhine recｏrdｅr,聚集日照计;歇贝斯托克日照计canonical ｓｔａtｅvarｉａblｅ,规范化状态变量ﻫcapacitancｅbalancｅ,电容平衡ﻫｃapaｃitan ｃe ｈyｇrｏmeter,电视湿度计capaｃｉtance ｐrｅｓsuｒe ｔraｎｓdｕcer，电容式压力传感器ﻫcapacｉｔy correｃtiｏn,容量修正ﻫｃapacity factor,容量因子ﻫcaｐillａｒｙcolｕmn,毛细管柱caｐillａry gas cｈroｍatograph,毛细管气相色谱仪capｉｌlａｒy gas ｃhｒｏｍａtography,毛细管气相色谱法capillary ｐhenoｍenon,毛细现象ｃapillarｙtubｅ（oｆlｉquｉd-ｉn-glａss ｔhｅrmometｅr),(玻璃温度计的)毛细管ﻫcａpiｌｌａryｖiscomｅｔｅr，毛细管粘度计ﻫcapsuｌe,膜盒ﻫcapｓule(ｐressure)ｇa ug e，膜盒压力表ｃａpｔｉvｅcｈaｉｎsｃalibｒaｔion,链码校准caｒaｔbaｌance,克拉天平ﻫcarboｎand hydroｇｅｎanａlysiｓｍｅｔｅr,碳氢元素分析仪ﻫcarbon humidity-ｄependeｎｔresistｏｒ，碳湿敏电阻器ﻫｃard puｎcｈ,卡片穿孔机caｒd rｅader,卜片阅读机ﻫCａrlson type sｔrａin ｇａugｅ,卡尔逊应变计ﻫcarriｅｒ,载波ﻫcarｒie ｒgaｓ,载气ｃaｒrier rinｇ,夹持环ﻫcａrｒier ｓense,载波侦听ﻫcarｒier sense mｕlｔｉｐlｅaｃcｅss with collisｉoｎdetｅction(ＣSMA/CD), 具有冲突检测的载波侦听多路访问ﻫcarriｅr sync,载波同步cartｒｉdge dｉsｋ,盒式磁盘caｒｔｒidge ｄisｋｄrive,盒式磁盘机ﻫcaｓｃade control,串级控制ﻫｃascａde ｓｙｓtem，串级系统ﻫｃasｃadｅvoltａｇe transｆoｒmer，级联式［感应式]电压互感器ﻫｃａse，外壳ﻫcａsinｇ,外壳ﻫcasｓｅｔｔｅ,盒式磁带;卡式磁带；暗盒cａtaｄｉoptｒic teleｓcｏｐe,折反射望远镜ﻫｃatalysｉs elemｅnt,催化元件ﻫcataｌytｉc anａlyz ｅr,催化分析器ﻫcaｔalytic chromatography,催化色谱法ｃａｔａlｙtic gaｓtraｎsducer，催化式气体传感器cathode,阴极ﻫcathodｅｏfｅlｅctron gun,电子枪阴极ﻫcaｔhodｅｒay nulｌiｎｄｉcａｔo ｒ,阴极射线指零仪cavitation,空化ﻫcavitatioｎcorrｏsiｏn，气蚀ﻫｃaｖｉtａｔiｏn noise,空化噪声ceilometer,云幂仪ceｌｌ，电池;传感器ﻫcｅlｌｃｏｎｓtanｔ，电池常数ﻫcell potentiａl transduｃer,细胞电位传感器Celｓｉuｓ，摄氏度Celsｉｕs temｐｅraｔuｒe,摄氏温度Celsｉus teｍperature sｃale,摄氏温标ﻫｃeｎteｒoｆｓtrike,打击中心centrａl conducｔｏｒmetｈod,中心导体法；电流贯通法ﻫｃentral pｒiｎcｉpal inerｔia axi ｓ,中心主惯性轴centraｌｐrocｅｓｓinｇｕnit(CPU),中央处理单元cenｔrａｌpｒocessoｒ，中央处理器cenｔrａlity,集中性ｃentrａｌizｅd conｔrｏl，集中控制ﻫcentrａlizｅd iｎtelliｇence,集中智能ﻫcｅntraｌized manageｍent ｓystｅm,集中管理系统centrａlizｅd neｔwｏrｋ,集中式网络cｅntralized prｏcｅss controｌcompｕter,集中型过程控制计算机ﻫcentrｉｆugａl bａlaｎｃing machine,离心力式平衡机ｃｅnｔrｉfｕgalｔachoｍｅter，离心式转速表ceｒaｍic micrｏphｏne,陶瓷传声器ｃerａｕnｏgrａph,雷电计cｅraunoｍeter,雷电仪ﻫcertifiｃaｔe of cｏｎfｏrmiｔy,合格证书ﻫcertｉficａtｅoｆｃontｒo ｌ,控制证书certificaｔion,认证ﻫcertｉfication oｆconforｍity of an inｓｔruｍent for ｅxpｌosiｖｅatm ｏsｐhere,防爆合格证ceｒtificａtion system,认证体系certified stａndard materiａl,有证标准物质chained lｉst,链接表change ｏｆtｅmperature test,温度变化试验ﻫchaｎnel,信道;通道ﻫｃharaｃter,字符charａｃｔer cｏdｅ，字符码ﻫchａｒacter recognitｉｏｎ,字符识别ﻫchaｒacteｒsｅｔ,字符集；字符组characｔｅr-ａt-tiｍe pｒinｔer,一次一字符打印机[印刷机]；串行打印机ﻫｃhaｒａcteristic curve,特性曲线characteｒｉstic＂faｓt"，“快”特性ｃｈaｒacteｒistic "impｕlｓｅ"，“脉冲”响应特性ﻫcharacｔｅｒiｓtic"sｌｏw"，“慢”特性ｃｈａrａcterｉstｉc loｃus,特征轨迹cｈａracterｉstic impｅdance,特性阻抗ﻫchaｒａcteriｓtic X-ray,特征Ｘ射线charge ampｌifiｅr,电荷放大器ﻫｃharｇe ｎeutralｉzatioｎ，电荷中和charｇe sensｉtivity,电荷灵敏度chａrｔ,记录纸chaｒｔdrｉvｉng mechanism,传纸机构ﻫcharｔｌinｅs,记录纸分度线cｈart ｓcaｌe lengｔh，记录纸标度尺长度ﻫclｏｓeｄｌoop ｔransｆer funｃｔｉon，闭环传递函数ﻫｃｌosed loop zero,闭环零点ﻫclosed pｏsｉtion,关闭位置ﻫcｌｏsedｓyｓtem,封闭系统cloｓing valve tiｍｅ,关阀时间closｕre mｅmｂer,截流件ﻫcloｕd aｍｏunt，云量ｃloud balanｃeｒ，测支平衡器ﻫclｏud ｂａse,云底ｃloud chambｅｒ,云室；云零室ｃlouｄdeteｃtｉoｎrａdａr,测云雷达cloｕd ｄirｅcｔion,云向cloud height indicatｏr，云高指示器ﻫclｏud heigｈt meｔer,云幂仪ﻫcloｕd sｅａrchlｉghｔ,云幂灯cloud speeｄ,云速ﻫcloud ｔop,云顶clｏuｄ-baｓe ｒecordｅr,云底记录仪ﻫｃｌoud－droｐsaｍpleｒ,云滴取校器cloｕdiｎｅsｓraｄioｍｅtｅr,云辐射仪ﻫcloverｌeaf buｏy,三叶浮标Coanda eｆfect,附壁效应ｃoaｒsｅvａcuｕm,粗真空；前级真空ｃｏasｔal zone color scanner(CZCＳ)，海岸带水色扫描仪cｏaｘｉａｌｉｔy,同轴度codｅ,代码；代号;规程；规范code convｅrteｒ;D/Ｄcｏnverter,代码转换器;D／D转换器ﻫcoded circle,编码度盘codｅ－transｐaｒenｔdａｔａｃommuｎiｃatiｏn,代码透明的数据通信coeｆfｉciｅnt of cｈroｍatic aｂｅrrａtion,色差系数ｃｏefficieｎｔof interference，干扰系数coeffｉcｉent ｏfｒadｉal distｏrtｉon,径向畸变系数ﻫcoefｆicieｎtｏf rotational distｏｒｔion,旋转畸变系数ﻫcoefficient of ｓpheｒｉｃａlａｂerrａtion,球差系数ｃoeffｉcient ｏfｖaｒiaｔｉｏn,变异系数ﻫcoerｃivｉtｙｍｅｔer,矫顽力计ｃｏil galvaｎometeｒ,线圈式振动子ﻫcoil ｍｅthｏｄ,线圈材料coil method,线圈法ﻫcoinciｄeｎce discｒimiｎatioｎ,符合鉴别coiｎｃidｅnce levｅl，度盘合像装置cｏld test，寒冷试验ﻫcold-catｈｏdｅsourｃｅ，冷阴极离子源cｏllate,整理colleｃｔoｒ,集电器ﻫcollecｔor ｓｌiｔ,接收器狭缝ﻫcｏllimaｔiｏn axiｓ，视轴ﻫcollｉmａｔion lｉne,视准线collisiｏn,冲突，碰撞ﻫcollｉsｉｏnａｌactiｖatioｎ,碰撞激活collｉsional ａctivatiｏn ｍass spｅctrometer,碰撞激活质谱计ﻫcolｏrimｅｔｅr,比色计；色度计ﻫｃｏｌoｕｒｆilｔｅr，颜色滤光片ﻫcolｏur meter,水色计ﻫcolumｎ,镜筒coｌｕｍn capacitｙ,柱效能ﻫcolｕmｎlife,柱寿命ﻫｃｏlumｎ-paｒiｔy field,列奇偶校验字段colｕmn switｃhing,柱切换ﻫcoｍa,彗差combｉｎatioｎdiｇitaｌlogｇeｒ，数字式综合测井仪ﻫcoｍｂinaｔion electｒoｄe,复合电极ﻫcoｍbiｎａtion logｇinｇｉｎｓtrｕmｅnt，组合测井仪ﻫcｏmbinａｔｉon water metｅｒ,复式水表combiｎｅd colｕmn,复合柱ｃｏmbined loａd tｅsｔinｇmachinｅ,得合试验机ﻫｃoｍｂinedｐressurｅａｎｄvacuu ｍgauge，压力真空表ﻫcoｍbined tｅst,综合试验coｍbined ｔest cａbｉｎet,综合试验箱ｃｏmmand,命令comｍand ａccepted,命令接受ﻫｃoｍｍand mesｓagｅ,命令报文coｍｍanｄoｐeratｉｏｎ,命令操作ﻫcomｍand-ｒeplｙｔraｎｓacｔiｏn,命令—回答事务ﻫcom ｍisｓioninｇｔest，运行试验ﻫｃｏｍmon control sigｎals,公共控制信号ﻫcomｍoｎｍａgnet galvanometeｒ,共磁式振动子ﻫcommoｎmｏｄe rｅjectｉoｎ,共模抑制coｍｍon mｏde rｅｊection ratｉo(CMRＲ),共模抑制比ﻫｃommｏn mode siｇnal,共模信号ﻫc ｏmmｏｎmode ｖoｌｔage,共模电压ﻫcoｍmunｉcaｔiｏn subnｅt,通信子网ﻫcoｍmuniｃatio 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(完整版)电子信息与通信工程专业英语期末必考翻译
1."In most cases, these signals originate as sensory data from the real world: seismic vibrations visual images, sound waves, etc. DSP isthe mathematics, the algorithms, and the techniques used to manipulate these signals after they have been converted into a digital form." 在大多数情况下，这些信号来源于人对真实世界的感觉，比如地震的震动，视觉图像，声音波形等。
数字信号处理是一种数学工具，是一种用来处理那些将上述信号转换成数字形式后的信号的算法和技术。
2.Fourier’s representation of functionsas a superposition of sines and cosines has become Ubiquitous for both the analytic and numerical solution of differential equations and for the analysis and treatment of communication signals 函数的傅里叶表示，即将函数表示成正弦和余弦信号的叠加，这种方法已经广泛用于微分方程的解析法和数值法求解过程以及通信信号的分析和处理。
3.If f (t ) is a nonperiodic signal, the summation of the periodic functions ,such as sine and cosine, does not accurately represent the signal. You could artificially extend the signal to make it periodic but it would require additional continuity at the end points . 如果f(t)是非周期信号，那么用周期函数例如正弦和余弦的和，并不能精确的表示该信号f(t)。
考研英语阅读, 18 professionalisation and specialisation
考研英语阅读，这样做才有效181)Specialisation can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialisation was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity.2)No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word ‘amateur’ does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialisation in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.3)A comparison of British geological publications over the lastcentury and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within of or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.4)Although the process of professionalisation andspecialisation was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.Questions:1 What are the two related developments in science affecting the process of communication mentioned in the essay?2 According to paragraph 2, what is the connotation of “amateur” ?3 What does the author intend proving with the example of the development of geology in the United Kingdom?4 What does the comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveal?5 What has reinforced the amateurs’ harder entrance to professional geological journals?For your references:1 Specialisation and professionalisation in scientific research.文围绕科学领域中的specialisation和professionalisation进行了讨论。
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Lesson 18 Comparison of DSP and ASP
《电子信息工程专业英语教程》任治刚 主编 电子工业出版社
Lesson 18 Comparison of DSP and ASP
• Backgrounds • Text tour • Language in use
– pay one's respects.
• A particular aspect, feature, or detail: 某个方面
– In many respects this is an important decision.
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Respect in text
Language in use
• Vocabulary
– respect analysis context active
• Structure
– with respect to
• Reading/writing techniques
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Vocabulary
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Analysis in dictionary
• The method of proof in which a known truth is sought as a consequence of a series of deductions from that which is the thing to be proved. 解析证明法 • Psychoanalysis. 精神分析 • Systems analysis. 系统分析
– Vocabulary – Structure – Reading/writing techniques
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Байду номын сангаас Backgrounds
• Terminology
– – – – – – – FFT: 快速傅里叶变换 FFT analysis 快速傅里叶变换谱分析 data compression 数据压缩 PCB: printed circuit board 印刷电路板 Microphone 话筒，麦克风 piezoelectric crystal 压电晶体 disk drive head 磁盘驱动器磁头
• Several methods of accomplishing signal processing are shown
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ASP vs. DSP
Figure 6.6 A typical sampled data system
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Analysis in text
• With respect to DSP, the factor that distinguishes it from traditional computer analysis of data is its speed and efficiency in performing sophisticated digital processing functions such as filtering, FFT analysis, and data compression in real time. • 说到DSP，它和传统计算机数据分析的区别在于它在 实时进行滤波、FFT分析和数据压缩等复杂信号处理时 的速度和效率。
Figure 6.6 A typical sampled data system
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A Practical Example
Figure 6.7 The magnitude response in dB
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Respect in dictionary
• A feeling of appreciative, often deferential regard; esteem. 恭敬；尊重 • The state of being regarded with honor or esteem. 被尊敬 • Willingness to show consideration or appreciation. 注重 • Polite expressions of consideration or deference: 敬意，问候
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Context in dictionary
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Text tour
• Outline
– Signal Processing Technique Options – ASP vs. DSP – A Practical Example
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Signal Processing Technique Options
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Respect in use
• • • • • • • • • • in all respects 无论从哪方面来看 in respect of 关于；就…来说 pay one's respects 拜访 without respect to 不管；不考虑 with respect to 谈到
• With respect to DSP, the factor that distinguishes it from traditional computer analysis of data is its speed and efficiency in performing sophisticated digital processing functions such as filtering, FFT analysis, and data compression in real time. • 说到DSP，它和传统计算机数据分析的区别在于它在 实时进行滤波、FFT分析和数据压缩等复杂信号处理时 的速度和效率。
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Analysis in use
• • • • • • • • • • impedance analysis 阻抗分析 income -expenditure analysis 收支分析 infinitesimal analysis 无穷小分析, 微元解析 node analysis 节点法 nonlinear regression analysis 非线性回归分析
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Backgrounds
• Terminology
– – – – – – – signal conditioning circuit 信号调理电路 voltage reference 参考电压 Chebyshev Type I filter 契比雪夫I型滤波器 cutoff frequency 截止频率 Ripple 波纹 Passband 通带 Stopband 阻带
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Backgrounds
• Terminology
– CAD: Computer Aided Design 计算机辅助设计 – SPS: Sample Per Second 每秒样本数 – MAC: Multiplication and Accumulation 乘法累加操作
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Analysis in use
• • • • • • • • • • cross-correlation analysis 互相关函数分析 flow graph analysis 流图分析 Fourier analysis 傅里叶分析 frequency(response) analysis 频率响应分析 functional analysis 泛函分析
• Signals may be processed using – analog techniques (analog signal processing, or ASP) – digital techniques (digital signal processing, or DSP) – a combination of analog and digital techniques (mixed signal processing, or MSP).
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ASP vs. DSP
• It is impossible to process real-world analog signals using purely digital techniques
– all sensors (microphones, thermocouples, strain gages, piezoelectric crystals, disk drive heads, etc.) are analog sensors.
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Respect in dictionary