2017版高考英语(外研版)一轮总复习习题选修6Module5

第一部分　选修六　Module 5Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2015·南昌高三十校二模)导学号 02280872 While most of us are happy to take the credit when things go well, few of us are willing to take the blame when things go wrong. Rather than trying to hide our shame or embarrassment, experts found that we are simply less aware when our actions result in a negative outcome.The research may explain why we often feel it hard to take the blame for our actions. “Our result suggests that people may really experience less responsibility for negative than for positive outcomes，” said Patrick Haggard, leading researcher and professor of the institute of Cognitive Neuroscience at University College London.In a series of tests, participants were asked to press a key. A sound then followed, either disapproving, neutral or approving, and they were then asked to estimate the time between the action and when they had heard the sound.Researchers found that individuals experienced different levels of responsibility depending on the outcomes. They also discovered they were significantly slower to recognize if their actions had resulted in a bad consequence, compared to when they had done well.“Effectively, we have found that we experience a negative outcome differently, not just retell it differently. We make a weaker connection when there is a bad result. And respond much more strongly when something good happens，” said Professor Haggard. When something goes right, everyone wants to take the credit, and when things go wrong, nobody is interested in putting their hands up.The researchers say our brain is “very much concerned” with reward, as good results are key to survival. Although our own perception (认知) of whether we are guilty of something or not is changed by the outcomes, this does not provide a defense if we have done something wrong. “Our experience of our own responsibilities can be misleading and can be strongly colored by the outcomes of our actions，” said Professor Haggard. “We have to take responsibility for what we actually do, not just for how we experience things.”语篇解读：本文一篇研究报告，讲述的是人们在事情进展顺利时承担责任而在事情变得更加糟糕时不愿意接受责备，研究者以研究结果来给人们进行了分析。

1．People who don't take the blame for their actions ________.A．always try to hide their shame or embarrassment.B．are only willing to take the credit when things go wellC．feel less responsible for negative than for positive outcomesD．are less aware of what to do when a negative outcome happens答案：C　推理判断题。

根据第二段提到“Our result suggests that people may really experience less responsibility for negative than for positiveoutcome”可知我们的结果显示人们对于积极的结果比负面的结果更为负责，故选C项。

2．Which of the following statements is TRUE?A．Our level of responsibility can be strongly affected by the outcomes of our actions.B．When something bad happens, nobody is interested in dealing with the problem.C．People were quicker to recognize if their actions had resulted in a bad consequence.D．Participants were asked to count the time between pressing a key and hearing the sound.答案：A　细节理解题。

根据第四段提到“Researchers found that individuals experienced different levels of responsibility depending on theoutcomes”研究发现个体所能承受的责任度取决于结果，故选A项。

3．How is the passage developed?A．By giving examples.B．By quoting research findings.C．By making comparison.D．By providing data.答案：B　推理判断题。

根据第二段提到“The research may explain why we often feel it hard to take the blame for our actions”和第四段提到“Researchers found that individuals experienced different levels of responsibility depending on theoutcomes”可知文章是引用研究结果来进行叙述的，故选B项。

4．According to the passage, a person who is concerned with reward is ________.A．awkward B．naturalC．absurd D．stubborn答案：B　推理判断题。

根据最后一段提到“The researchers say our brain is “very much concerned” with reward, as good results are key tosurvival”研究表明我们的大脑会更关心回报，这是因为结果是幸存的关键，故选B项。

B(2015·西安高三八校联考)导学号 02280873When times get tough, we all look for ways to cut back. When we're hungry, we eat at home instead of going out. We take buses instead of taxis. And we wear our old designer jeans just a few months longer. With college expenses at all－time highs, high school students are eager to do anything to cut the cost of a university education.One cost－cutting proposal is to allow college students to get a bachelor' s degree in three years instead of four. Educational institutions have been actively exploring ways to make the learning process more efficient. But there's a question: Would the quality of undergraduate(本科生)education suffer? Few US universities have formally approved a “three－year degree” model.I doubt that mainstream North American colleges will carry out a three－year curriculum(课程) any time soon. For one thing, most universities already allow highly qualified students to graduate early by testing out of certain classes and obtaining a number of college credits(学分). In addition, at famous universities, the committee who determine which courses are required and which courses are electives are unlikely to suddenly “throw out” one quarter of the required credits. Professors will resist “diluting(稀释)” the quality of the education they offer.In my opinion, a quality four－year education is always superior to a qualitythree－year education. A college education requires sufficient time for a student to become skilled in their major and do coursework in fields outside their major. It is not a good idea to water down education, any more than it' s not a good idea to water down medicine. If we want to help students find their way through university, we should help them understand early on what knowledge and skills they need to have upon graduation. We should allow students to test out of as many courses as possible. We should give them a chance to earn money as interns(实习生)in meaningful part－time jobs that relate to their university studies, such as the five－year co－op program at Northeastern University.语篇解读：本文是议论文阅读。