2018-2019学年高中英语(人教版)选修七Unit 3 Under the sea Learning about language课时作业(9)

Unit 3 Under the sea Learning about language课时作业第一节阅读理解The most important determining factor of success or failure—at work and in life—is self-awareness, the ability to understand who we are, how others see us, and how we fit into the world.For millions of years, the ancestors of humans evolved painfully slowly. However, about 150,000 years ago there was an explosive development in the human brain where, among other things, we gained the ability to examine our own thoughts, feelings and behaviour, as well as to see things from others’ point of view. Not only did this transformation create the foundation for art, spiritual practices and language, but it came with a survival advantage for our ancestors, who had to work together in order to survive.Though we may not face the same day-to-day threats to our existence,self-awareness is no less critical. There is strong scientific evidence that people who know themselves and how others see them are happier. They are smarter, superior students. They raise more mature children. They also tend to be more creative, confident and less aggressive.But for most people it is easier to choose self-delusion (自我欺瞒) rather than the cold hard truth. Our incr easingly “me” focused society makes it easier to fall into this trap. Recent generations have grown up in a world obsessed with self-esteem (自负), constantly being reminded of their special qualities. Not only are our assessments often flawed (有缺陷的), but we are usually terrible judges of our own performance and abilities—from leadership skills to achievements at school and work. What’s scary is that the least competent people are usually the most confident in their abilities.How can we avoid this fate?We must work on two specific types of insight. Internal self-awareness is an inward understanding of our passions and aspirations, strengths and weaknesses and so on. And external self-awareness, knowing how others see you, means understanding yourself from the outside.It would be easy to assume that someone with internal self-awareness would also be externally aware—that being in touch with our feelings and emotions helps us turn into how we’re seen. Strangely, research has often shown no relationship between the two—some studies have even revealed an inverse (相反的) one.For those looking to gain true insight, remember that other people often see us more objectively than we see ourselves and that self-examination can have hidden pitfalls (陷阱) that make insight actually impossible.1.The first three paragraphs center around .A.the intelligence gap between modern men and their ancestorsB.the sharp contrast between self-awareness of today and the pastC.the necessity of a shift in self-awareness to satisfy the need todayD.the significance of self-awareness in human survival and advancement2.What’s the problem with “me” focused society nowadays?A.People’s performance and abilities are overlooked.B.It’s difficult to obtain an objective assessment of ourselves.petent people tend to be unconfident of their leadership skills.D.Modern people fail to bring their special qualities into full play.3.What does the writer stress in this passage?A.Knowing how others see us is the key to success.B.Understanding ourselves inward contributes to a better fate.C.Self-examination helps us gain true insight into ourselves.D.Internal self-awareness and external self-awareness are closely related.第二节任务型阅读Small Talk May Make Us HappierSmall talk. Chit-chat. These are the short conversations we have at parties, while we are waiting in line at the store, at family events or at work. Sometimes we make small talk with people we already know but not well. Often we have to make small talk with complete strangers. Many people find these small conversations about random topics difficult. Some people say they hate it. Others say small talk is a wasteof time. They may even call it inactive chit-chat or inactive chatter, meaning it doesn’t do anything. They consider small talk unimportant.However, small talk is important.These exchanges can open doors that may lead to larger, more meaningful conversations. When you first meet someone or talk to someone you don’t know well, it would be awkward to begin a conversation. However, small talk does help. Small talk also gives you the chance to decide if you want to get to know that person better or not. Chit-chat can also increase your feeling of understanding of people you know but not well. Chatting with a colleague about their child may help you to understand more of their life outside the office. This could help build healthy work relationships. Small talk could even help our larger communities—our relationships with neighbors and colleagues.However, some people are not good at small talk. Making small talk doesn’t have to be either awkward or boring. Here are some tips to improve yoursmall-talking ability.Have some conversation starters ready.If you have seen a really good movie or have read a really good book, you can talk about that. You can talk about something that you recently learned. When you are sharing the same experience with someone, it’s easy to start a conversation. You simply notice and comment on what’s going on around you. For examp le, if you are at a party and a song comes on that you like or that reminds you of something, you can talk about that.Ask open-ended questions.These types of questions require more thought and more than a simple one-word answer. If you ask questions that need more details to answer, the conversation will go on longer. For example, if you are at a summer pool party, don’t ask a person if they like summer. Instead, ask them what they like or dislike about summer. So, instead of getting a one-word answer, you might have the chance to share in a memory.Become a student.Nobody knows everything. So, as someone is answering one of your open-ended questions, they bring up something about which you know nothing. So, tell them! This lets the other person become the teacher. They feel good about sharing their knowledge and you get to learn something. It’s a win-win situation.Don’t ask “So, what do you do?”Some people do not like their jobs. Or maybe they don’t want to talk about it. So, instead of asking, “What do you do for a living?” you may ask something like, “So, what have you been doing these days?” or “So, what have you been up to?” One general question can lead to an opportunity to share something you have in common. So, ask questions. Ask people about their families, their ambitions or even their fears. However, balance these questions with comments about yourself. Asking too many questions may make people feel they are in an interview rather than in a conversation.Like anything else, getting good at making small talk takes practice. If you make small talk in your native language, you might become happier. If you make small talk in English, you will most definitely improve your speaking and listening skills.参考答案阅读理解[语篇解读]本文为议论文。