[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷31.doc

合集下载

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷24.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷24汉译英1 中国曾长期实行高度集中的计划经济，把计划看成是绝对的，束缚了生产力的发展。

这场金融危机使我们看到，市场也不是万能的，一味放任自由，势必引起经济秩序的混乱和社会分配的不公，最终受到惩罚。

真正的市场化改革，决不会把市场机制与国家宏观调控对立起来。

既要发挥市场这只看不见的手的作用，又要发挥政府和社会监管这只看得见的手的作用。

两手都要硬，两手同时发挥作用，才能实现按照市场规律配置资源，也才能使资源配置合理、协调、平衡、可持续。

2 中国作为一个发展中国家，很自然十分关心发展中国家在世界经济中所处的困境。

许多事实证明，北南关系不是朝着更好的方向发展，而是趋于进一步的恶化。

因此，改善北南关系就成为所有国家的一项重要任务。

目前，北南之间的差距进一步扩大，富的更富，穷的更穷。

许多发展中国家人民正生活在贫困线之下，发达国家有责任给发展中国家以更多的帮助，并同意在平等互利、平等交换的基础上，建立一个新的国际经济秩序。

今天的世界各国，经济上的相互依存更加密切。

如果发展中国家的困难长期得不到解决，经济得不到发展，发达国家的经济要持续保持稳定增长，也将是困难的。

在商品、贸易、债务、资金、货币和金融等领域，采取有效措施，改善发展中国家面临的外部环境，以利于发展中国家恢复增长和发展，这是当前国际经济领域中的一项紧迫任务。

这样做也有利于世界经济的稳定和增长。

3 社会主义市场经济体制改革中国在相当长时间内曾实行高度集中的计划经济体制。

随着社会主义市场经济体制改革的深入和民主政治建设的推进，过去人们在择业、迁徙、致富、投资、资讯、旅游、信仰和选择生活方式等方面有形无形的不合理限制，被逐步解除。

这就带来了前所未有的、广泛而深刻的变化。

一方面，广大城乡劳动者的积极性得以释放，特别是数以亿计的农民得以走出传统村落，进人城市，特别是沿海地区，数以千万计的知识分子聪明才智得到充分发挥；另一方面，规模庞大的国有资产得以盘活，数万亿元的民间资本得以形成，5000亿美元的境外资本得以流入。

翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷30

翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷30(总分：100.00，做题时间：60分钟)翻译题(总题数：10，分数：100.00)1.“蜀国多仙山，峨眉邈难匹。

”中国唐代大诗人李白对峨眉山的咏叹，至今仍穿越时空，余音袅袅。

峨眉山高出五岳、秀甲天下，山势雄伟、气象万千，素有“一山有四季，十里不同天”之妙喻。

集自然风光与佛教文化为一体，著名的旅游胜地和佛教名山，1996年12月6日列入《世界文化与自然遗产名录》。

“仙山佛国”“植物王国”“动物乐园”“地质博物馆”……峨眉以优美的自然风光、悠久的佛教文化、丰富的动植物资源、独特的地质地貌享誉世界，千百年来香火旺盛，游人络绎。

峨眉，一个来了就不想走的地方。

（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________2.在中国，许多家庭把希望放在他们的孩子身上。

希望他们的孩子能够帮助他们实现上大学的梦想。

作为新一代的独生子女——中国计划生育的产物，他们面临各种学业上的压力。

这其中主要是怎样考进重点高中与重点大学。

许多孩子从上小学开始就要做很多作业，他们没有时间娱乐，甚至休息。

他们早上6点钟上学，晚上11点才能上床睡觉。

到周末的时候他们还要去上各种补习班。

这种教育无法使学生全面发展，而且还会给青少年带来许多身体与心理上的伤害。

他们也会在这种以考试为中心的教育模式中逐渐失去对学习的兴趣。

以考试为中心的教育模式很容易导致学校、家长、学生本人只以学习成绩作为评估标准。

长此以往，这种教育理念会导致一种非常不健康的教育价值观。

所以，教育体制改革．全面开展青少年的素质教育是中国教育亟待解决的问题。

（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________3.中国同迅速上涨的房价做斗争已经很久了，但其中令人不快的真相是：买得起房的中国人越来越少，尤其在大城市。

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷16.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷16英译汉1 AIDS Hitting African Farm Sector HardOnce a largely urban problem, AIDS has moved to rural areas in developing countries, devastating thousands of farming communities and leaving impoverished survivors scarcely able to feed themselves. The disease is no longer a health problem alone, but is having a measurable impact on food production, household food security and rural people' s ability to make a living.The latest statistical evidence on sub-Saharan Africa—the worsthit region—confirms the scale of the epidemic' s impact on the countryside.It is estimated that over half of the 28 million people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa live in rural areas. In order to estimate such figures, epidemiologists start with data taken from tests done on blood samples from pregnant women attending prenatal clinics. They then extrapolate the figures to estimate infection rates in larger areas. Recent findings point to two of the hardest-hit countries— Zimbabwe and Swaziland."This is a real wake-up call for governments," says an expert on AIDS "Policy-makers are guided by evidence. Solid evidence is now coming in and will make governments understand how rural areas are actually more vulnerable to AIDS than urban areas.Recent reports from other African countries show a similar pattern of rampant rural infection.Poverty underlies the suffering and devastation behind these figures. The HIV/AIDS epidemic cannot be addressed without doing something about rural livelihoods: how people make their living, how they get enough food, what strategies they follow in order to survive.2 The Shape of Things to ComeWhen the world was a simpler place, the rich were fat, the poor were thin, and right-thinking people worried about how to feed the hungry. Now, in much of the world, the rich are thin, the poor are fat, and right-thinking people are worrying about obesity.Evolution is mostly to blame. It has designed mankind to cope with deprivation, not plenty. People are perfectly tuned to store energy in good years to see them through lean ones. But when bad times never come, they are stuck with that energy stored around their expanding bellies.Thanks to rising agricultural productivity, lean years are rarer all over the globe. Modern-day Malthusians, who used to draw graphs proving that the world was shortly going to run out of food, have gone rather quiet lately. According to the UN, the numberof people short of food fell from 920m in 1980 to 799m 20 years later, even though the world' s population increased by 1. 6 billion over the period. This is mostly a cause for celebration. Mankind has won what was, for most of his time on this planet, his biggest battle: to ensure that he and his offspring had had enough to eat. But every silver lining has a cloud, and the consequence of prosperity is a new plague that brings with it a host of interesting policy dilemmas.As a scourge of the modern world, obesity has an image problem. It is easier to associate with Father Christmas than with the four horses of the apocalypse. But it has a good claim to lumber along beside them, for it is the world' s biggest public-health issue today—the main cause of heart disease and diabetes. Since the World Health Organization labeled obesity an "epidemic" in 2000, reports on its fearful consequences have come thick and fast.3 A Nation of HypochondriacsThe main impression growing out of twelve years on the faculty of a medical school is that the No. 1 health problem in the U. S. today, even more than AIDS or cancer, is that Americans don' t know how to think about health and illness. Our reactions are formed on the terror level. We fear the worst, expect the worst and invite the worst. The result is that we are becoming a nation of weaklings and hypochondriacs, a self-medicating society incapable of distinguishing between casual , everyday symptoms and those that require professional attention.Somewhere in our early education we become addicted to the notion that pain means sickness. We fail to learn that pain is the body' s way of informing the mind that we are doing something wrong, not necessarily that something is wrong. We don' t understand that pain may be telling us that we are eating too much or the wrong things; or that we are smoking too much or drinking too much; or that there is too much emotional congestion in our lives; or that we are being worn down by having to cope daily with overcrowded streets and highways, the pounding noise of garbage grinders , or the cosmic distance between the entrance to the airport and the departure gate. We get the message of pain all wrong. Instead of addressing ourselves to the cause, we become pushovers for pills, driving the pain underground and inviting it to return with increased authority.4 The workmanship of the Supernote was extraordinary. It had sequential serial numbers, and the printing plates continued to be refined. A Secret Service agent identified Kelly' s two samples as Supernotes by three minuscule imperfections. Even when the flaws were pointed out, Kelly says, " I frankly couldn' t see the damn imperfections. "Most alarming of all, the Supernote was so well engineered that it could fool currency scanners at the nation' s twelve Federal Reserve banks. The black ink on the front of American currency contains ferrous oxide, which is magnetic, and the Fed' s scannersread the magnetic field down the center line of the portrait with such precision that a thousand genuine hundred-dollar bills are rejected for every one that is later found to be counterfeit. Yet, Kelly recalls, " Secret Service told me the bills went through those machines".The Supernote, Kelly learned, had been circulating in Europe, the Far East, the Middle East, and the former Soviet Union, but only limited supply had reached the United States. This was not reassuring. Of the almost three hundred and ninety billion dollars in American paper money now in existence, some two-thirds, or more than two hundred and fifty billion, is in foreign hands. The worldwide popularity of the dollar is a tremendous boon to the United States. The Federal Reserve is fond of pointing out, every bill in circulation is in effect an interest-free loan; an equivalent amount in government securities would cost the United States more than twenty-five billion dollars in annual interest payments. The beauty of bills stuffed in a mattress in Kazakhstan, for instance, is the good chance that the notes will never be called in. The Supernote was by no means the first foreign-made or foreign-distributed counterfeit of American currency, but because of its frightening and unprecedented quality it seemed singularly poised to damage world confidence in the dollar.5 Elysee PalaceThe Elysee Palace in France enjoys equal popularity in the world with the Buckingham Palace in the United Kingdom, the Kremlin in Russia as well as the White House in the U. S. A. It is the residence of the president of the French Republic and the symbol of the supreme authority in France.The Elysee Palace, with an area of 11,000 square meters, is at the eastern end of the Champs Elysee in the bustling city of Paris proper and backed by a large and tranquil garden of more than twenty thousand square meters. Its main building, quite handsome and graceful, is a 2-story classical stone architecture of European style, flanked by two side buildings facing each other and with an extensive rectangular courtyard in the middle. There are altogether 369 halls and rooms of different size.The Elysee Palace, built in 1718, has a long history of closing to 300 years to date. This house was at first a private residence of a count named d' Evreau, hence it was called Hotel d' Ev-reau. It had later gone through many vicissitudes and its owners had been changed for many times, but all the dwellers in it were distinguished personages and high officials. The house was renamed Bonaparte Mansion when it was owned by Louis XV and Louis XVI successively when they acted as emperors. Napoleon I signed his act of abdication here when he had suffered crushing defeat in the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. Napoleon III moved in the Mansion in 1848 when he was elected president, and the house became a Royal Palace when he proclaimed himself as emperor. The Third French Republic issued a decree in 1873, designating officially the Elysee Palace as the residence of president of the French Republic. Over the hundred odd years since then,almost all the presidents of the French Republic worked and lived there. Starting from 1989, the Elysee Palace is open to the public every year in September on the French Castles Day.。

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷10(题后含答案及解析)

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷10(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 英汉互译英汉互译英译汉1．American urbanization went forward in the same climate of the unexpected that has characterized urbanization everywhere. Townsmen, home builders, immigrants, businesses, and governments have made their way in a setting of constant change. They have dwelt in a space they could never know or predict. The settlement , the building and rebuilding, the economy and the governance of American cities thus takes the shape of a history of peoples who brought commonly accepted knowledge and traditions to a situation that demanded continuing adaptation and change. Today the United States is a thoroughly urbanized nation. Only 3. 4 percent of the population still farms, and everyone else, regardless of the size of the settlement, is employed in urban-type jobs. Yet for all the novelty of the present situation, survivals of past stages of American urbanization continues as active tensions within the new totally urbanized setting. The racial conflicts between whites and blacks, devolving from the seventeenth century enslavement of Africans, grind on. Seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth century conflicts among farmers, village merchants, city brokers, and bankers go forward in the politics of governments-subsidized agriculture and government-managed banking. The rivalries among developers, contractors, and cities that characterized the building of nineteenth century canals and railroads reappear in the politics of interstate highways, airplanes, and telecommunications. The specialized city districts that first took shape in the nineteenth century now have been magnified a thousand times into the giant mosaics of metropolitan suburbs, industrial and office parks, shopping centers, and resort and retirement settlements. The community-destroying tensions of relative poverty amidst great wealth first appeared with urban boom of the early nineteenth century. At that time these tensions found their characteristic outlets in workers unions. Now riches and poverty are separated into distant enclaves within vast metropolitan regions, and class conflicts appear in the rivalry of economic factions for special advantages within the system of welfare capitalism of the federal government. The American city remains, as in the nineteenth century, the preeminent place of class contrast, but in the current national and international economy of the United States the city is no longer the place where relief can be sought.正确答案：美国的城市化，在那些毫无预见的人看来，是在其他地方的城市化毫无二致的气氛中进行的。

翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷33(题后含答案及解析)

翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷33(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．二十年来，我生活费中至少十分之一二是消耗在书上的。

我的房子里比较贵重的东西就是书。

书籍到了我的手里，我的习惯是先看序文，次看目录。

页数不多的往往立刻通读，篇幅大的，只把正文任择一二章节略加翻阅，就插在书架上。

除小说外，我少有全体读完的大部的书，只凭了购人当时的记忆，知道某册书是何种性质，其中大概有些什么可取的材料而已。

什么书在什么时候再去读再去翻，连我自己也无把握，完全要看一个时期一个时期的兴趣。

正确答案：For the past twenty years, books have eaten into at least 10-20 percent of my pocket. Now the only things of some value under my roof, if any, are my books. As soon as a new book comes to hand, I always read the preface first and then the table of contents. If it happens to be a thin one, I often finish it at one sitting. Otherwise, I often browse through one or two chapters or sections before putting it onto my bookshelf. I seldom read a thick book from cover to cover unless it is a novel. By dint of the first impression it made on me at the time of buying, I have a rough idea of what a book is about and what useful materials in it are available to me. But I have little idea which book is to be read or looked over again at what time. It is completely subject to the whims of the moment.解析：本文选自著名文学家、教育家、出版家夏丐尊的《我之于书》一文。

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷25.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷25汉译英1 必须优化传统的出口商品结构，靠价格和数量竞争的时代已一去不复返了。

在当今激烈竞争的世界上，只有以质取胜和改善售前售后服务才能行得通。

要通过精加工和深加丁提高出口商品的附加值；要努力生产适销对路的名特优新产品和“拳头”产品打入国际市场。

由于市场形势千变万化，出口产品必须不断地更新换代，做到你无我有，你有我优，胜人—筹。

2 矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。

中国是世界上最早开发利用矿产资源的国家之一。

过去50年，中国在矿产资源勘探开发方面取得巨大成就。

这为中国经济的持续、快速、健康发展提供了重要保障。

中国政府高度重视可持续发展和矿产资源的合理利用，把可持续发展确定为国家战略，把保护资源作为可持续发展战略的重要内容。

中国是一个人口众多、资源相对不足的发展中国家。

中国主要依靠本国的矿产资源来保障现代化建设的需要。

同时，中国又积极引进国外资本和技术开发中国矿产资源，利用国外市场与国外矿产资源，并努力推动中国矿山企业和矿产品进入国际市场。

3 中国经济上半年总体上保持了持续、快速、健康的发展态势。

从宏观经济来说不能轻言“过热”。

严格地讲，过热不是个经济词汇。

过热相当于人体的发烧，是一种病态。

把这个不严谨的词汇放在经济生活中容易引起误解。

比如说过热和高速度是什么关系?高速度能不能等于过热?当然，在思想上时刻警惕过热是必要的，但是全社会都来炒作“过热”会有不好的效果。

比如，如果中国经济现在过热，下一步肯定会出现通货膨胀，可能会“踩刹车”，外资就会对自己的投资重新进行论证。

国内企业家也会这样想。

过热炒作太多的话会影响一些非专家型的人。

就像医生对病人说疾病的时候要科学、严谨，否则会给病人带来很大的心理负担。

心理因素在社会经济生活中越来越重要，舆论引导民众心理要有正确的方向。

4 高科技竞争的负面影响市场经济下的公平竞争是促进经济繁荣的重要因素，但竞争过了头，则其负面影响就不容忽视。

翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础(英译汉)模拟试卷一

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷一1.In these times when market forces appear increasingly complicated and more volatile, it is all the more important to understand the professional jargon and terminology in the market place in order to be able to better make our investment and business decisions. Understanding key-economic indicators will assist in the decision making process, providing a snapshot of the current situation and an insight into the future.Each economic indicator tells us something about the economy or inflation. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is probably the most important report as it is the whole framework where other economic indicators fall under. Using the textbook formula where Gross National Product = Consumption + Investment + Government Spending + Exports - Imports, some of the indicators will fall into the above-mentioned category e. g. retail sales figures will fall under consumption, construction spending under investment, to name a few.There are also indicators that are broader that tell us about the economy itself rather than the component, e. g. employment figures, leading indicators, money supply figures ( M3 ). Inflation figures, Produce Price Index ( PPI) and the Consumer Price Index ( CPI) will, in short, inform us of the changes in wholesale prices, cost of consumer ( retail) goods and services respectively.An indicator that is useful must be accurate, timely and reliable. It depends entirely on the integrity of the national statistical system responsible. It is vital to know the accurate components of an indicator. We have to be mindful of the limitation of these statistical figures too.Some indicators can be historic or extremely volatile, and therefore their value are reduced. It is better to compare the most recent data with earlier months, or take a moving average for the past 3, 6 or 12 months to smooth the data. It will tell us if there has been a significant change in trend and whether a new direction is under way.标准答案在目前这种时期，市场越来越变幻莫测、动荡不定，要做出明智的商业投资决策，理解市场相关的专业术语变得尤为重要。

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷29.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷29汉译英1 哲学家只是一味地同古往今来的灵魂交谈——他读书，是同古昔人物交谈；他写作，是同子孙后代交谈；他讲演，是同莘莘学子交谈；他沉思是同自己交谈。

他长于洞见，洞见未来；他善于遐想，遐想无限；他耽于梦幻，幻游彼岸；他富于关怀，关怀永恒。

他同远在天涯的哲人和精神交谈，在这个意义上，他视通万里，思接千载。

他伟大，他不朽，他同古往今来的灵魂对话。

2 有时候，在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有很多的才能。

人际关系就是一种善于听取别人的意见，体察别人的需要，虚心接受批评的能力。

善于处理人际关系的人敢于承认错误，敢于承担自己的责任，这是对待错误的一种成熟和负责任的态度。

这就是为什么许多平平庸庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反到下岗。

因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系，所以八面玲珑，到处有缘。

而人际关系差的人往往不能处理好批评。

碰到错误，他们首先想到自己，拒不承认错误，或情绪低落或大发雷霆，成为有刺的人，难以相处。

3 真正成为自己不是一件容易的事。

世上有许多人，你说他是什么都行，例如是一种职业、一个身份、一个角色，唯独不是他自己。

如果一个人总是按别人的意见生活，没有自己的独立思索，总是为外在的事务忙碌，没有自己的内心生活，那么，说他不是他自己就一点儿也没有冤枉他。

因为确确实实，从他的头脑到他的心灵，你在其中已经找不到丝毫真正属于他自己的东西了，他只是别人的一个影子和事务的一架机器罢了。

4 社会在每个人的心中制造了一种害怕心理，害怕被拒绝，害怕被人嘲笑，害怕失去尊严，害怕人们将怎么说。

你不得不调整自己来适合所有盲目的、无意识的人们，你不能成为你自己。

这是从古到今我们整个世界的一个基本的传统，即没有人被允许成为他自己。

你唯一的责任是对你的本性负责，不要反对它。

因为你反对它，等于是在自杀，是在摧毁你自己。

那么，你又将会得到什么呢?即使人们尊敬你，人们认为你是一个非常正统的、受人尊重的、高尚的人，而这些根本无法滋养你的存在，无法使你对生命及其他的非凡的美有更多的洞察。

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷1

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）-试卷1(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.汉译英（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.哲学家只是一味地同古往今来的灵魂交谈——他读书，是同古昔人物交谈；他写作，是同子孙后代交谈；他讲演，是同莘莘学子交谈；他沉思是同自己交谈。

他长于洞见，洞见未来；他善于遐想，遐想无限；他耽于梦幻，幻游彼岸；他富于关怀，关怀永恒。

他同远在天涯的哲人和精神交谈，在这个意义上，他视通万里，思接千载。

他伟大，他不朽，他同古往今来的灵魂对话。

（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：A philosopher is solely concerned with conducting dialogues with the great souls from ancient antiquity to the contemporary era. In reading books, he converses with the ancients. In writing his own books, he converses with the progeny. In delivering lectures, he converses with a multitude of young students. In contemplating, he converses with himself. He is adept at insights, penetrating into the future. He excels in speculations, speculating on the infinite. He indulges in reveries, traveling in the other world in unbounded fantasy. He abounds in sympathies, concerned about the eternal. He converses with the philosophers and the great minds in the remotest corners of the earth. In this sense, his vision extends into the infinite distance and his thoughts are connected with the past and the future. His vision and thoughts transcend all spatiotemporal boundaries whatsoever. He is great; he is immortal; because he is in permanent dialogue with the great souls of the past, the present and the future.)解析：3.有时候，在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有很多的才能。

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷2

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）-试卷2(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.汉译英（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.网上银行拥有许多优势。

不同于街头的银行，网上银行从不关门，它们每天24小时、每周7天全天候营业，而且只需轻击鼠标即可完成交易。

当你的财务发生问题时，而如果你又正好不在州内，甚至不在国内，你可以马上登陆到网上银行来处理你的财务。

网上银行网站处理并确认交易的速度通常达到或者超过了自动柜员机的运行速度。

许多网上银行网站现在还提供先进的工具，包括账目总计、股票报价以及个人证券投资管理项目，以帮助你更有效地理财。

（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Online banking has a lot of advantages. Unlike your corner bank, online banking sites never close; they" re available 24 hours a day, seven days a week and they" re only a mouse click away. If you" re out of state or even out of the country when a money problem arises, you can log on instantly to your online bank and take care of business. Online bank sites generally execute and confirm transactions at or quicker than ATM processing speeds. Many online banking sites now offer sophisticated tools, including account aggregation, stock quotes, and portfolio managing programs to help you manage all of your assets more effectively.)解析：3.位于北京西北部的“中关村高科技园区”是6000多家研究、开发和生产企业的家园，年销售收入超过61亿美元。

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷30(题后含答案及解析)

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷30(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 英汉互译英汉互译汉译英1．科学就是探求真理。

在探求真理的过程中，人们对客观规律的认识要经过艰苦曲折的过程。

常常有这样的情形：由于研究的角度不同，掌握资料的差异，认识方法的不同，就会出现“横看成岭侧成峰，远近高低各不同”的情况，以至引起学术上的争论。

因此，有作为的科学工作者都把反对的意见看作对自己的莫大的帮助，把对自己的批评当作最珍贵的友谊。

正如歌德所说，“我们赞同的东西使我们处之泰然，我们反对的东西才使我们的思想获得丰产。

”这都是因为，赞同的意见未必正确，反对的意见未必错误。

退一步说，即使错误的反对意见，对自己的科学研究也是很有好处的。

正确答案：Science means the exploration of truth. In the process of exploring truth, people will have to experience tremendous hardships and difficulties before they can come to understand the objective laws. It is often the case that the differences in the research perspectives, the materials mastered, and the ways of understanding would lead to totally different results—as we might say, “ a mountain becomes a hill when viewed horizontally and a ridge when viewed vertically, and it assumes totally different shapes when viewed from a short or a long distance, or from a high or a low position. “—and even lead to academic disputes. Therefore, an accomplished scientist would regard opposing arguments as his most tremendous benefit and take others’ criticism of him as the most precious friendship that he can ever obtain. In Gothe’s words, “We take for granted what we are in favor of. However, only what we are opposed to can enrich our thoughts. “ This is all because the approving opinions are not necessarily justified while the opposing arguments are not necessarily unfounded. To put it in the least way, even the opposing arguments that are mistaken will be immensely beneficial to one’s own scientific research. 涉及知识点：汉译英2．严格来说，哲学不是解释宇宙，那是自然科学的事。

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷8.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷8英译汉1 I am honored and humbled to stand here, where so many of America' s leaders have come before me, and so many will follow.We have a place, all of us, in a long story—a story we continue, but whose end we will not see. It is the story of a new world that became a friend and liberator of the old, a story of a slave-holding society that became a servant of freedom, the story of a power that went into the world to protect but not possess, to defend but not to conquer. It is the American story—a story of flawed and fallible people, united across the generations by grand and enduring ideals.The grandest of these ideals is an unfolding American promise that everyone belongs, that everyone deserves a chance, that no insignificant person was ever born. Americans are called to enact this promise in our lives and in our laws. And though our nation has sometimes halted, and sometimes delayed, we must follow no other course.Through much of the last century, America' s faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations. Our democratic faith is more than the creed of our country, it is the inborn hope of our humanity, an ideal we carry but do not own, a trust we bear and pass along. And even after nearly 225 years, we have a long way yet to travel.While many of our citizens prosper, others doubt the promise, even the justice, of our own country. The ambitions of some Americans are limited by failing schools and hidden prejudice and the circumstances of their birth. And sometimes our differences run so deep, it seems we share a continent, but not a country. We do not accept this, and we will not allow it. Our unity, our u-nion, is the serious work of leaders and citizens in every generation. And this is my solemn pledge: I will work to build a single nation of justice and opportunity.2 This is the price and the promise of citizenship.This is the source of our confidence—the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed—why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent mall, and why a man whose father less than sixty years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath.So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have traveled. In the year of America' s birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying camp-fires on the shores of an icy river. The capital was abandoned.The enemy was advancing. The snow was stained with blood. At a moment when the outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words be read to the people:Let it be told to the future world... that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive... that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet it.In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words. With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come. Let it be said by our children' s children that when we were tested we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back nor did we falter; and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God' s grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations.3 It has now been five years since Margaret Thatcher resigned as Britain' s Prime Minister. In her heyday she strode the international headlines with such bravura that she seemed inevitable, a natural force. The world stage seemed just the right size for her, as she chaffed her conservative soul mate Ronald Reagan or flattered the " new man," Mikhail Gorbachev.Now the political world has begun to focus on the immensity of her achievement. How on earth did she manage to get there? She was elected to Parliament at 32 in 1958 (five years before The Feminine Mystique was published). She parried her way through the complacent, male-dominated councils of power—no woman had ever roiled those waters. Couldn' t the old boys see her coming? After all, there was nothing subtle about her personality or her approach.As The Path to Power ( Harper-Collins; 656 pages; $ 30) , the second volume of her autobiography, makes clear, Thatcher was probably too simple and direct for the Tories, with their heavy baggage of class and compromise. She traveled light, proud of her roots as a grocer' s daughter from the small town of Grantham but never tethered by working-class resentments or delusions of inferiority. Her parents taught her the verities they believed in: Methodism, hard work, thrift and the importance of the individual. She has never wavered from them, and they run through the book.4 The news of Roosevelt' s death reached Washington in the early afternoon on April 12, 1945. It is hardly necessary to point out the importance of Franklin D. Roosevelt. He was a world figure of monumental proportions. Roosevelt' s strength in dealing with foreign leaders stemmed from his e-normous popularity throughout the world, even in countries he had never been in. Yet it cannot be said that he was a likable man. He preferred informal relationships which were informal merely in structure. He could not stand protocol in the accepted sense of the world but was quick to resent the slightest departure from the respect normally accorded the President of the United States, and theaura of the office was always around him. Even Hopkins was always respectful and careful in his manner with the president. Roosevelt influenced people by the fact that he was president. Among those who worked with him in the White House for long periods of time, there was real affection for him, but not the kind of human feeling that springs from personal love.In foreign affairs, Roosevelt did his job only moderately well. The methods and techniques that he usually used with consummate skill in domestic politics did not fit well in foreign affairs. He relied on his instinctive grasp of the subject, which was good, and his genius for improvisation to find solutions to problems. In domestic affairs, where all elements were under the same national roof and therefore the reactions had a pattern of similarity, this technique worked. In foreign affairs, this style meant a lack of precision, which, as people have pointed out, was a serious fault.A deeper knowledge of history and certainly a better understanding of reactions of foreign peoples would have been useful to the president. Helpful, too, would have been more study of the position papers prepared by American conviction that the other fellow is a " good guy" who will respond properly and decently if you treat him right.5 Globalization is transforming the world. While it brings great benefits to some countries and individuals—a backlash has arisen because these benefits are distributed so unequally and because the global market is not yet underpinned by values and rules that address key social concerns such as the protection of human rights, labor standards and the environment. Globalization has also, unwittingly , made it easier for what I have called "uncivil society"—crime, terrorism, drug and arms-trafficking—to move across borders. Our challenge today is to make globalization an engine that lifts people out of hardship and misery, not a force that holds them down.The past half century had brought unprecedented economic gains. Most people today can expect to live longer than their parents. They are better nourished, enjoy better health, are better educated, and on the whole face more favorable economic prospects. But there is also widespread deprivation and despair. More than 1 billion people must survive on less than $ 1 a day. Striking inequality persists within and among countries. Diseases such as AIDS and malaria threaten to undo years of progress. Worsening the poverty gap is the "digital divide" between the technology-rich and the technology-poor. At a time when information and knowledge have become the main source of wealth and power, half the developing world' s people have never made or received a telephone call, much less used a computer. Bringing these people into the mainstream is one of our biggest projects.。

翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础(汉译英)模拟试卷三

英语翻译基础（汉译英）模拟试卷三1.中国将坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，继续加强同发展中国家的团结合作，同它们一道维护发展中国家正当合理的权益。

同时，我们要进一步致力于稳定周边、巩固睦邻友好。

我们还将不断地充实与各个大国已经建立或正在建立的未来关系框架的内涵。

我们将更积极地参与国际事务和各种多边外交活动，坚决反对霸权主义、强权政治，推动在世界上建立公平合理、平等互利的国际政治、经济新秩序。

标准答案China will unswervingly observe the independent and peaceful foreign policy. It will continue to reinforce its solidarity and cooperation with the developing countries in the world and, together with them, to safeguard the just and reasonable rights of the developing countries. At the same time, we will be further committed to stabilizing our peripheral areas and to consolidating the harmonious friendship with our neighboring countries. We will also make continued efforts to enrich the implications of the framework of the future relations that have been established or that are being established with all the major countries of the world. We will take more positive steps to participate in international affairs and in various kinds of multilateral diplomatic activities. China will remain firm in its opposition to hegemonism, power politics and will endeavor to promote the establishment of a new international political and economic order that is fair, reasonable, equal and reciprocally beneficial.2.当今世界正处在历史性大变动之中。

英语翻译基础模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)

英语翻译基础模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．The U. S. Chamber of Commerce正确答案：美国商会2．the Best Dubbing Award正确答案：最佳配音奖3．European Monetary System正确答案：欧洲货币体系4．hard news正确答案：重要新闻5．property bubble正确答案：房地产泡沫6．economic turnaround正确答案：经济好转7．YouTube正确答案：视频网站，一个可供网民上传、观赏及分享视频短片的网站8．Twitter正确答案：推特网，是一个社交网络及微博客服务网站9．under-translation正确答案：欠额翻译10．Dynamic Equivalence正确答案：动态对等11．Lingua Franca正确答案：通用语12．Department of Homeland Security正确答案：美国国土安全部13．national prophet正确答案：民族的先知14．curb liquidity正确答案：抑制流动性15．Jerusalem正确答案：耶路撒冷汉译英16．六艺正确答案：six classical arts(rite; music; archery; riding; writing; arithmetic) 17．国际关系民主化正确答案：democracy in international relations18．非物质文化遗产正确答案：intangible cultural heritage19．企业文化正确答案：corporate culture20．补缺选举正确答案：by-election(UK)/supplementary election(US) 21．万有引力定律正确答案：the law of universal gravitation22．人才交流正确答案：talents exchange23．广播电视大学正确答案：radio and television university24．智囊团正确答案：think tank25．《独立宣言》正确答案：The Declaration of Independence26．人造美女正确答案：plastic beauty27．政治协商制度正确答案：political consultation system28．三边的正确答案：trilateral29．取长补短正确答案：draw upon one another’s strong points 30．民间团体正确答案：civil society英汉互译英译汉31．For nearly two years, China’s turbocharged economy has raced ahead with the aid of a huge government stimulus program and aggressive lending by state-run banks. But a growing number of economists now worry that China—the world’s fastest growing economy and a pillar of strength during the global financial crisis—could be stalled next year by soaring inflation, mounting government debt and asset bubbles. Two credit ratings agencies, Moody’s and Fitch Ratings, say China is still poised for growth, yet they have also recently warned about hidden risks in its banking system. Fitch even hinted at the possibility of another wave of nonperforming loans tied to the property market. In the late 1990s and early this decade, the Chinese government was forced to bail out and recapitalize these same state-run banks because a soaring number of bad loans had left them nearly insolvent. Those banks are much stronger now, after a series of record public stock offerings in recent years that have raised billions of dollars from global investors. But last week, an analyst at the Royal Bank of Scotland advised clients to hedge against the risk that a flood of cash into China, coupled with soaring inflation, could result in a “day of reckoning. “ A sharp slowdown in China, which is growing at an annual rate of about 10 percent, would be a serious blow to the global economy since China’s voracious demand for natural resources is helping to prop up growth in Asia and South America, even as the United States and the European Union struggle. And because China is a major holder of United States Treasury debt and a major destination for American investment in recent years, any slowdown would also hurt American companies. Aware of the risks, Beijing has moved recently to tame its domestic growth and rein in soaring food and housing prices by raising interest rates, tightening regulations on property sales and restricting lending.正确答案：差不多两年来，动力十足的中国经济凭借一项庞大的政府刺激计划和国有银行激进的放贷举措，延续着高速增长的态势。

考研英语(知识运用)模拟试卷31(题后含答案及解析)

考研英语（知识运用）模拟试卷31(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Use of EnglishSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an【C1】______should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually,【C2】______, most people make several job choices during their working lives, 【C3】______because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve【C4】______position. The “one perfect job” does not exist. Young people should【C5】______enter into a broad flexible training program that will【C6】______them for a field of work rather than for a single【C7】______. Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans【C8】______benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing【C9】______about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss【C10】______. Some drift from job to job. Others【C11】______to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted. One common mistake is choosing an occupation for【C12】______real or imagined prestige. Too many high school students or their parents for them choose the professional field,【C13】______both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal【C14】______. The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a “white-collar”job is【C15】______good reason for choosing it as life’ s work.【C16】______, these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the【C17】______of young people should give serious【C18】______to these fields. Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 【C19】______life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security; others are willing to take【C20】______for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.1．【C1】A．identificationB．entertainmentC．accommodationD．occupation正确答案：D解析：考查名词辨析。

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷33(题后含答案及解析)

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷33(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 英汉互译英汉互译汉译英1．化石发现正当今日中国的面貌被现代化和经济改革改变的时候，中国的科学家却在发掘远在人类出现以前古代的一些遗迹。

中国东北辽宁省被证实埋藏有丰富的古化石。

在这些令人惊奇的发现中有一种被称作“中华龙鸟”的古生物，可能有着史前恐龙与现代鸟类之间的基因联系；还有迄今为止所发现的最占老的两栖类动物化石，一棵古老的果树残余以及世界上最古老的花。

毫不奇怪，辽宁省现在吸引了世界各地许多杰出的研究人员。

这里发现的化石为深入研究地球这一行星的历史提供了激动人心的新视角。

正确答案：Fossil Findings Even as present-day China is being transformed by modernization and economic reform, Chinese scientists are unearthing the remains of a much earlier time, a time long before the human race first appeared. Liaoning Province, in northeast China, has proven to have rich source of ancient fossils. A-mong the amazing discoveries found there is the so-called “Chinese Dragon Bird,” a creature that may be the genetic link between prehistoric dinosaurs and modern-day birds; the oldest fossilized amphibian ever recovered the remnants of an ancient fruit tree; and the world’s oldest flower. Not surprisingly, Liaoning Province now attracts leading researchers from around the world. The fossils found there are providing dramatic new insights into the history of Planet Earth. 涉及知识点：汉译英2．太空孩子当美国国家宇航局STS一107号航天飞机呼啸着升人太空时，它将携带一项由一个中国小学生设计的实验。

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷31(题后含答案及解析)

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷31(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 英汉互译英汉互译汉译英1．当然恐惧还是有些道理的。

我们正处在一个变化的时代。

我们深感变化的必要性，我们正在变，我们必须变。

我们抵挡不住变化，就像树叶到秋天挡不住要变黄、变枯，球茎在春天挡不住要钻出土壤，萌出新芽一样。

我们正在变，我们正处于变化的阵痛之中，这将是一种伟大的变化。

本能让我们感觉到，直觉使我们认识到这种变化。

他们害怕了，因为变化带来痛苦，同时每逢重要的转变时期，一切都捉摸不定，而有生命的东西最容易受之伤害。

正确答案：Indeed horror has its reason to appear. Now we’ re in a changing era and we deeply feel the necessity of changing. We’re changing and we have to change. We couldn’ t stop the change, as leaves turn yellow and fall off the trees in autumn and tubes can’ t wait breaking through the soil to sprout new buds. We are changing and we are right in the throe of changes. This will be a great change. Instinct and intuition make us sense and realize the change. They are scared of changes as changes bring along pains. Meanwhile, nothing is predictable in critical transitional period and things alive are most vulnerable. 涉及知识点：汉译英2．近来法律方面的研究表明，目击者在法庭上对嫌疑犯的指认并非想象中的那么可靠。

翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础(英译汉)模拟试卷二

标准答案
马格丽特?撒切尔辞去英国首相职务已经五年了。在她(政治生涯)的鼎盛时期，她以光彩照人的风格而成为国际上的新闻人物，她好像必然如此，她是一股自然的力量。在她跟她的保守党精神伙伴罗纳德?里根打趣时，或是在奉承“新人”米哈伊尔?戈尔巴乔夫时，这个世界看来恰好是适合她驰骋的舞台。
现在政界开始把注意力集中在她的辉煌的政绩上。她到底是如何进人政界的呢?1958年(《女性的奥秘》发表前五年)她三十二岁时被选进议会。她左挡右闪闯进了那些由自满的男人控制的权力机构——过去不曾有任何女人到那里去搅和。难道那些老家伙们看不见她的到来吗?其实她的性格和施政手段并没有什么微妙之处。
China' s trading partners do have legitimate grievances, but it would be irresponsible and inaccurate for American politicians to pin the United States' economic sluggishness on scheming culprits in Beijing. Traveling in Asia in October, Treasury Secretary John Snow heeded political pressures back home in exhorting Chinese leaders to let the market price their currency. This is a desirable outcome in the long run, but a raft of immediate caveats come to mind.
标准答案
目前美国的失业率居高不下，而总统选举即将到来。现在到东半球去找替罪羊正是时候。日本经历了长期的经济衰退才刚开始恢复，所以在即将到来的美国大选中，中国将被迫扮演经济上的反面角色。想必肯定能听到总统候选人们异口同声地将美国制造业面临的困境归罪于中国的不公平竞争。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷31
汉译英
1 当然恐惧还是有些道理的。

我们正处在一个变化的时代。

我们深感变化的必要性，我们正在变，我们必须变。

我们抵挡不住变化，就像树叶到秋天挡不住要变黄、变枯，球茎在春天挡不住要钻出土壤，萌出新芽一样。

我们正在变，我们正处于变化的阵痛之中，这将是一种伟大的变化。

本能让我们感觉到，直觉使我们认识到这种变化。

他们害怕了，因为变化带来痛苦，同时每逢重要的转变时期，一切都捉摸不定，而有生命的东西最容易受之伤害。

2 近来法律方面的研究表明，目击者在法庭上对嫌疑犯的指认并非想象中的那么可靠。

记忆是十分复杂的，在有关我们的大脑如何工作以及我们的记忆能达到什么程度方面，人们普遍持有的一些看法常常是错误的。

无论是常识还是研究都表明记忆会随时间的流逝而变得模糊。

刚刚接受信息后的回忆和识别能力是最准确的，它先是迅速下降，然后逐渐减弱。

拖延的时间越长，事件之后得到的信息越有可能与原始的记忆相冲突，从而降低其准确性。

而且，目击者事后会看到、读到一些信息，然后将它融合进来，产生某种与所经历的事情不同的东西，使他们对事件和罪犯记忆的可靠性大大降低。

对法官和陪审团来说，断定记忆最终是可靠的事实还是不可靠的编造在很大程度上似乎仍然是个挑战。

3 家庭暴力应引起关注
中国目前的《婚姻法》允许挨打的妻子打110报警，这是一个很大的进步。

难办的是维系夫妻的绝不仅仅是感情，有人只为孩子、为了体面、为怕有更凄惨的下场而忍气吞声，如果出于此种原因，那么再坚强的女权主义者也是无奈的。

法律专家认为，关注“暴力威胁”，即威胁配偶说“你要离婚就杀了你”之类，按照联合国《消除对妇女的暴力宣言》“对妇女暴力”的定义，这也是一种施暴。

这种行为也应该受到法律的干预。

国外如果有此类报警，威胁者会被带走、受警告和教育。

总之，社会需要完善这方面的法制，使家庭暴力无法作为“家务事”而不受限制。

4 在立法中多一点女性视角，对于当代立法者更具有现实意义。

单不说现实生活中存在的男女不平等现象，就是立法者大多数是男性这个事实，便有可能使我们的法律在不知不觉中就已带上男性的印记。

所以，立法者必须超出社会现有的习惯，
将更多的视角投到妇女这个弱势群体上。

在立法中，应多一点女性视角，对女性多一些关怀、多一些保护。

5 我国宪法明文规定，妇女在政治、经济、文化、社会中和家庭各个方面享有与男子同等的权利。

既然男女同权、男女平权，法律应该是不讲性别的，这样才能达到男女平等，才算是真正公平。

但事实上，在法律保护妇女、社会尊重妇女、男女平等的今天，男女不平等的现象依然或多或少地存在着。