高中英语真题-高中英语Unit3Underthesea语法导学案新人教版选修7_3

高中英语真题:高中英语Unit3Underthesea语法导学案新人教版选修7
一学习目标：
1 掌握v-ing 的被动形式，并会熟练运用(重点)
2 能正确说出v-ing在句中所做的成分。

二学习内容：v-ing 的被动形式
V-ing 形式由“do＋ing”构成，其否定形式是“not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。

自主学习
现在分词的用法
一、现在分词可在句中作定语、表语、补足语和状语。

1. 作定语现在分词作定语时多置于它所修饰的名词前:
This is a pressing question. 这是一个紧迫的问题。

He asked an embarrassing question. 他提了一个令人难堪的问题。

现在分词亦可置于它所修饰的名词之后:
There were no soldiers drilling.
现在分词短语一般皆置于其修饰的名词之后:
A little child learning to walk often falls.
The men working here are all from the rural areas.
2. 现在分词用作状语现在分词及其短语从表意的角度看, 也可用作状语, 表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。

其动作可能发生在谓语动词之前或之后, 也可能与谓语动的动作同时发生。

(句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语)
(1)表示时间
Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view. Walking along the st
reet, she saw a little girl running up to her.
强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时, 现在分词之前可用连词when或while:
When leaving the airport, they waved again and again to us. While watching TV in the room, I heard someone knocking at the door.
(2)表示原因
Being sick, I stayed at home.
Knowing that he was tired, I told him to have a rest.
(3)表示条件
Adopting this method, we will raise the average yield by 40 p ercent.
Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage.
(4)表示让步
Admitting what she has
said, I still think that she hasn't tried her best.
(5)表示结果
It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country. It rai ned for two weeks on end, completely ruining our holiday. (6)表示方式或伴随情况
He ran up to her breathing heavily.
Please fill in the form, giving your name, address, etc.
现在分词的完成形式：现在分词的完成形式主要用在状语中，表示动作在谓语动作之前
Having been there many times, he offered to be our guide. Not having done the work well, we decided to try again.
注：在独立结构中，也可以用现在分词的完成形式，如：
His comrades having all left for the front, he didn’t want to sta y in the rear.
二、现在分词的被动形式
1．动词-ing的被动式的构成
(1)一般被动式：being+过去分词 (2)完成被动式：
having been+过去分词
2．动词-ing的被动式的用法
(1)动词-ing的一般被动式表示与其逻辑主语为被动关系；作主语和宾语时无固定的时态意义，作定语和补足语时表示正在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生。

(2)动词-ing的完成被动式表示与其逻辑主语为被动关系，也表示其动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。

3．动词 -ing的被动式的句法功能
(1) 作主语
Being offered such a job was good luck．被给予这样一份工作是好运气。

Being killed in traffic accidents is a common occurrence．交通事故导致死亡是常有的事。

(2)作宾语
He dislikes being interrupted in his experiment．他不喜欢在做实验时被人打扰。

They couldn't stand being treated like that．他们不能忍受别人那样对待他们。

注意：在want，need，deserve，require，repay，bear，take等动词及形容词worth后，习惯用动词-ing的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于“to be done"。

如：
The house wants cleaning．这房屋需要打扫。

My watch needs repairing．我的手表需要修理。

The way deserves mentioning．这个方法值得一提。

These young trees will require looking after carefully．这些小树需要细心照顾。

The film is worth seeing．这部影片值得一看。

(3) 作定语
The questions being discussed are of great importance．
That building being repaired is our library.
作宾语补足语
① I often watch the trucks being loaded with coal．
② I saw him being taken away by the police．
(5)作状语
① Having been warned about typhoon，
the fishermen sailed for the nearest harbour．
听到台风警报，渔民们便驾船向最近的港口驶去。

②Having been given such a good chance，
how could you let it slip away?
人家给了你这样一个好机会，你怎能轻易放过?
三、独立结构
在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致, 但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语, 这种结构称为: 独立结构。

独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况, 表示时间、原因、条件等, 例如：
He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. (伴随情况)
The shower being over, we continued to march. (时间)
So many students being absent, we decided
to put the meeting off. (原因)
Weather permitting, we’ll have an outing tomorrow. (条件)随堂练习
1．______ that it was going to snow，
the climbers decided to put off their attempt on the highest m ountain．
A．Having told B．Having been told C．To be told D ．To have told
2．I heard the terrible sound of ________last night．
A．the door's shutting B．the door being shutting
C．the door was being shut D．the door being shut 3．The building _______now will be a hospital．
A．be built B．to be built C．being built D．being build ing
4．_______ for months，the room is very dirty．
A．We haven't clean it B．Having not cleaned
C．Not having been cleaned D．Having not been cleaned 5．--Did you enjoy yourself last night?
--It's very nice of you．I appreciated______ to the party．
A．to be invited B．to have been invited
C．being invited D．having been invited
6．_________not very popular with all its members，
he wasn't appointed chairman of the committee．
A．To be considered B．Being considered
C. Considering D．Having considered
7. The building______ will be completed in a month．It will be our lab building．
A．being painted B．painting C．to have painted D．to paint
8．The old man needs_________.
A．look after B．to look after C．1ooking after D．being
looked after
9. I don't like——at in the public．
A．1aughing B．being laughed C．1aughed D. to la ugh
10．The problem is worth_________ .
A．discussing B. discuss C. being discussed D．discussed
11．________many times，
the boy still didn't know how to do the exercises．A．Having taught B．Having been taught C．Taught D．Teaching
12．_________in an atmosphere of simple living was what sh e wished for．
A. The girl to be educated
B. The girl's being educated
C . The girl to educate D. The girl to be educating
13. Please excuse my ________ in without ________ .
A. come; asking
B. coming; asking
C. to come; being asked
D. coming; being asked
14. No one can prevent the plan __________.
A. from carrying out
B. to be carried out
C. being carried out
D. to carry out
15. The bird was lucky that it just missed __________ .
A. catching
B. being caught
C. to be caught
D. to catch
16. Most of the artists __ to the party were from .
A. invited
B. to invite
C. bein
g invited D. had been invited
17. __________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to o ne's skin.
A. Exposed
B. Having exposed
C. Being exposed
D. After being exposed
18. He has always insisted on his ________ Dr. Turner instead of Mr. Turner.
A. been called
B. being called
C. having called
D. c alled
19. While shopping, people sometimes can't help ___ into buy ing something they don't really need.
A. to persuade
B. persuading
C. being persuaded
D. be persuaded
20. Little Jim should love ________ to the theatre, but his fathe r refused him because it was late.
A. to be taken
B. to take
C. being taken
D. taking
高中英语Unit3Underthesea语法导学案新人教
版选修7
一学习目标：
1 掌握v-ing 的被动形式，并会熟练运用(重点)
2 能正确说出v-ing在句中所做的成分。

二学习内容：v-ing 的被动形式
V-ing 形式由“do＋ing”构成，其否定形式是“not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成 V-
ing 短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。

自主学习
现在分词的用法
一、现在分词可在句中作定语、表语、补足语和状语。

1. 作定语现在分词作定语时多置于它所修饰的名词前:
This is a pressing question. 这是一个紧迫的问题。

He asked an embarrassing question. 他提了一个令人难堪的问题。

现在分词亦可置于它所修饰的名词之后:
There were no soldiers drilling.
现在分词短语一般皆置于其修饰的名词之后:
A little child learning to walk often falls.
The men working here are all from the rural areas.
2. 现在分词用作状语现在分词及其短语从表意的角度看, 也可用作状语, 表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。

其动作可能发生在谓语动词之前或之后, 也可能与谓语动的动作同时发生。

(句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语)
(1)表示时间
Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view.
Walking along the street, she saw a little girl running up to her.
强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时, 现在分词之前可用连词when或while:
When leaving the airport, they waved again and again to us.
While watching TV in the room, I heard someone knocking at the door.
(2)表示原因
Being sick, I stayed at home.
Knowing that he was tired, I told him to have a rest.
(3)表示条件
Adopting this method, we will raise the average yield by 40 percent.
Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage.
(4)表示让步
Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn't tried her best.
(5)表示结果
It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country. It rained for two weeks on end, com pletely ruining our holiday.
(6)表示方式或伴随情况
He ran up to her breathing heavily.
Please fill in the form, giving your name, address, etc.
现在分词的完成形式：现在分词的完成形式主要用在状语中，表示动作在谓语动作之前Having been there many times, he offered to be our guide.
Not having done the work well, we decided to try again.
注：在独立结构中，也可以用现在分词的完成形式，如：
His comrades having all left for the front, he didn’t want to stay in the rear.
二、现在分词的被动形式
1．动词-ing的被动式的构成
(1)一般被动式：being+过去分词 (2)完成被动式：having been+过去分词
2．动词-ing的被动式的用法
(1)动词-ing的一般被动式表示与其逻辑主语为被动关系；作主语和宾语时无固定的时态意义，作定语和补足语时表示正在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生。

(2)动词-ing的完成被动式表示与其逻辑主语为被动关系，也表示其动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。

3．动词 -ing的被动式的句法功能
(1) 作主语
Being offered such a job was good luck．被给予这样一份工作是好运气。

Being killed in traffic accidents is a common occurrence．交通事故导致死亡是常有的事。

(2)作宾语
He dislikes being interrupted in his experiment．他不喜欢在做实验时被人打扰。

They couldn't stand being treated like that．他们不能忍受别人那样对待他们。

注意：在want，need，deserve，require，repay，bear，take等动词及形容词worth后，习惯用动词-ing的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于“to be done"。

如：
The house wants cleaning．这房屋需要打扫。

My watch needs repairing．我的手表需要修理。

The way deserves mentioning．这个方法值得一提。

These young trees will require looking after carefully．这些小树需要细心照顾。

The film is worth seeing．这部影片值得一看。

(3) 作定语
The questions being discussed are of great importance．
That building being repaired is our library.
作宾语补足语
① I often watch the trucks being loaded with coal．
② I saw him being taken away by the police．
(5)作状语
① Having been warned about typhoon，the fishermen sailed for the nearest harbour．
听到台风警报，渔民们便驾船向最近的港口驶去。

②Having been given such a good chance，how could you let it slip away?
人家给了你这样一个好机会，你怎能轻易放过?
三、独立结构
在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致, 但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语, 这种结构称为: 独立结构。

独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况, 表示时间、原因、条件等, 例如：
He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. (伴随情况)
The shower being over, we continued to march. (时间)
So many students being absent, we decided to put the meeting off. (原因)
Weather permitting, we’ll have an outing tomorrow. (条件)
随堂练习
1．______ that it was going to snow，
the climbers decided to put off their attempt on the highest mountain．
A．Having told B．Having been told C．To be told D．To have told
2．I heard the terrible sound of ________last night．
A．the door's shutting B．the door being shutting
C．the door was being shut D．the door being shut
3．The building _______now will be a hospital．
A．be built B．to be built C．being built D．being building
4．_______ for months，the room is very dirty．
A．We haven't clean it B．Having not cleaned
C．Not having been cleaned D．Having not been cleaned
5．--Did you enjoy yourself last night?
--It's very nice of you．I appreciated______ to the party．
A．to be invited B．to have been invited
C．being invited D．having been invited
6．_________not very popular with all its members，
he wasn't appointed chairman of the committee．
A．To be considered B．Being considered
C. Considering D．Having considered
7. The building______ will be completed in a month．It will be our lab building．
A．being painted B．painting C．to have painted D．to paint
8．The old man needs_________.
A．look after B．to look after C．1ooking after D．being looked after
9. I don't like——at in the public．
A．1aughing B．being laughed C．1aughed D. to laugh
10．The problem is worth_________ .
A．discussing B. discuss C. being discussed D．discussed
11．________many times，the boy still didn't know how to do the exercises．
A．Having taught B．Having been taught C．Taught D．Teaching
12．_________in an atmosphere of simple living was what she wished for．
A. The girl to be educated
B. The girl's being educated
C . The girl to educate D. The girl to be educating
13. Please excuse my ________ in without ________ .
A. come; asking
B. coming; asking
C. to come; being asked
D. coming; being asked
14. No one can prevent the plan __________.
A. from carrying out
B. to be carried out
C. being carried out
D. to carry out
15. The bird was lucky that it just missed __________ .
A. catching
B. being caught
C. to be caught
D. to catch
16. Most of the artists __ to the party were from .
A. invited
B. to invite
C. being invited
D. had been invited
17. __________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.
A. Exposed
B. Having exposed
C. Being exposed
D. After being exposed
18. He has always insisted on his ________ Dr. Turner instead of Mr. Turner.
A. been called
B. being called
C. having called
D. called
19. While shopping, people sometimes can't help ___ into buying something they don't really need.
A. to persuade
B. persuading
C. being persuaded
D. be persuaded
20. Little Jim should love ________ to the theatre, but his father refused him because it was la te.
A. to be taken
B. to take
C. being taken
D. taking。