甘肃省兰州第一中学2017-2018学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

甘肃省兰州第一中学2017-2018学年高一下学期期中考试
英语试题
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）
第一节阅读理解（共10小题每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
As a Fulbright（富布莱特法案基金）scholar at Yale, I wanted very much to get some individual help from some famous professors, but their office-hours were only once a week and there were always students waiting outside. At first, I was too polite to get their help. Then I realized that Chinese politeness does not work in this society. I needed to be aggressive to get what I wanted. I also noticed that Chinese students or Asian students were very polite in class while American students often interrupted the professor, asking questions and dominating the discussion. The Chinese students were not as aggressive as American students.
I was impressed by the role of the professor in the class. The professor didn’t act as an authority, giving final conclusions, but as a researcher looking for answers to questions together with the students. One linguistic feature of his interacting with his students was that he used many modal verbs-far more than I did in Beiwai. When answering questions, he usually said: “this is my personal opinion and it could be wrong. It would be a good idea if you could read the book I mentioned the other day.” Or,“You may find the book I recommended helpful.” Or,“You could be right, but you might find this point of view also interesting.”When making comments on students’ performances, the professor usually said:” It might have been much clearer if you had taken in some of the ideas we discussed earlier this semester.”
In China, authorities are always supposed to give wise decisions and correct directions. Therefore students always expect the professor to give an answer to the question. I still remember how annoyed they were when foreign teachers did not provide such an answer. Their expectations from authorities are much higher than those of American students. Once the Chinese students got
the answer, they were sure about it. That is why they make far more certain statement than American students. That is why Chinese students find it difficult to use modal verbs because the function of modal verbs is to provide room for negotiation and different ideas.
1. The American professors use many modal verbs because they want to______.
A. argue with their students
B. be more sure about their answers
C. express their ideas more clearly
D. develop their students’ own way of thinking
2. Which of the following statements best expresses the author’s idea?
A. Chinese professors can always give correct answer to the question.
B. American professors are not responsible since they don’t give students answers.
C. American education produces aggressive students.
D. Education in China is not helpful in developing students’ creativity.
3. Which of the following methods did the author mainly employ in developing the article?
A. Comparison and contrast.
B. Cause and effect.
C. Giving examples.
D. Description.
4. What is the author’s attitude towards education in U.S.?
A. Positive
B. Negative
C. Neutral
D. Unsure
B
So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for what only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that "reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible."
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity: It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does not make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny. If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching will aid the child in knowledge. Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. "Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children."
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.
5. The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that____.
A. it is one of the most difficult school courses
B. students spend endless hours in reading
C. reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
D. too much time is spent in teaching of reading
6. The word "scrutiny"（Para.3）most probably means____.
A. inquiry
B. observation
C. control
D. suspect
7. The main idea of the passage is that ____.
A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read
B. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible
C. reading ability is something acquired rather than taught
D. reading is more complicated than generally believed
C
Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbors, even pets, will all help, but the biggest longevity (长寿) seems to come from marriage. The effect was first noticed in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers (鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than the married people. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s. The effect can be seen in all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.
Even if the chances are all against you, marriage can more than compensate you. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Similarly, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke. There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their husband or wife’s death, and caring for your husband or wife with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the chances favor marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.
So how does it work? The effects are complicated, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological mechanisms(生理机制). For example, social contact can promote development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.
A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The overall social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: "People are inter-connected, so their health is inter-connected."
8. It can be inferred from the context that the "flip side" (Para. 2) refers to _________
A. the disadvantages of being married.
B. the emotional problems arising from marriage.
C. the responsibility of taking care of one's family.
D. the consequence of a broken marriage.
9. What does the author say about social networks?
A. They have effects similar to those of a marriage.
B. They help develop people's community spirit.
C. They provide timely support for those in need.
D. They help relieve people of their life's burdens.
10. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. It's important that we develop a social network when young.
B. To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.
C. Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.
D. We should share our social networks with each other.
第二节阅读填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Rainy days may ruin some cheerful plans for outdoors activities, but it doesn’t have to be boring inside. On the next rainy day, try some of these ideas for a day full of fun with your kids: Tell stories. You might tell old stories you heard when you were growing up, or you might make up some really fascinating stories just for the kids._____11______.
Play in the Kitchen. Let the Kids help you cook a pizza or maybe some cookies. Give them a chance to help you in the kitchen and make something delicious._____12______.
____13____ Let the Kids come up with a story of their own. They might want to write stories individually and then read them aloud to others, or they might want to get together and write a story together.
Play “let’s pretend” games. Let the kids pretend to be teachers, doctors, nurses or policemen. Let them dress up in whatever you may have.____14_____. You might even volunteer to be the student or the patient.
Have a party.___15___ Then, let them fall all over themselves with laughter, when you show them how it was done when you were a kid.
Use these ideas to get you started, and the kids may actually start wishing for more rainy days.
A. Write a story together.
B. Play the “hide and seek” game.
C. Then let them play the roles.
D. Have a party to let the children burst into laughter.
E. Let the kids pick out some music and dance around the room.
F. Then, let them all take turns in making up stories of their own.
G. Just make sure they remember that part of cooking is cleaning up.
第二部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分55分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

At the age of nine, I was taking swimming lessons at a pool. The day arrived when I was to be tested to see if I could__16__ to a higher level class.
Fifteen of us were to __17__swimming from one side of the pool to the other and back. I watched as my __18__, one by one, tried and failed. Then it was my turn to __19__, I mean, my turn to attempt to pass the test. It was about halfway when I got ___20___. I immediately stopped and __21__ the side of the pool, ending my test. Our instructor, a college student, was standing __22__me. “Why did you stop?” he yelled, in a less than __23___voice. “I got water in my nose.”
I __24__.
That’s when this college student__25__me one of life’s great lessons, __26__ he probably never realized that. Bending down, he shouted, “So?”
“So?” The__27__shocked me. It had just seemed ___28___to me that the answer to pain was to remove the thing causing the___29___. My nine-year-old brain had not understood the fact that a valuable__30__is worth achieving, however difficult to get there. Recognizing that, I was ___31___nothing would keep me from completing the test. In fact, I did it rather __32__on my next attempt. Seeing me __33__the test, almost all the others did so as well.
Life is a journey, and the road won’t __34__be easy. We have to focus on the final destination, not the __35___ along the road.
16. A. skip B. refer C. advance D. add
17. A. take turns B. insist on C. take risks D. put off
18. A. competitors B. classmates C. students D. instructors
19. A. show B. leave C. fail D. observe
20. A. injured B. blamed C. trapped D. chocked
21. A. pushed B. pressed C. grabbed D. controlled
22. A. above B. below C. beside D. beyond
23. A. surprised B. sympathetic C. annoyed D. cold
24. A. explained B. reacted C. declined D. urged
25. A. delivered B. owed C. taught D. promised
26. A. so that B. as if C. in case D. even if
27. A. problem B. excuse C. question D. voice
28. A. logical B. illegal C. ridiculous D. impossible
29. A. disaster B. discomfort C. damage D. fear
30. A. result B. advantage C. goal D. task
31. A. concerned B. sensitive C. embarrassed D. sure
32. A. slowly B. easily C. strangely D. eagerly
33. A .attend B. take C. give D. pass
34. A. always B. sometimes C. ever D. seldom
35. A. sights B. barriers C. surprises D. harvests
第II卷（非选择题）
第二节单词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入单词的正确形式。

36.This t______ is helpful to explain how the universe began.
37.It is the c________ in western countries to give presents at Christmas.
38.If this is a serious problem for you, c________ your doctor.
39.The lake which is s________ by forests looks very beautiful.
40.Seeing too much v________ on television can be harmful to children.
41.By US standards, a _______（真正的）antique must be at least 100 years old.
42.The drought has severely affected ________（农业的）production.
43.The girl ________ （给予印象）us with her kindness.
44.Let’s ________（联合）my scientific knowledge with your business skills and start a company.
45.It was a hard journey but his ship eventually reached a ________.（大陆）
第三节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

If you wish to become a better ___46___(read), here are four important things to remember about the reading rate.___47___(know) why you are reading or what you are reading to find out will often help you to know ___48___to read slowly or fast. Some things should be read slowly throughout. Examples are__49__(direction) for making or doing something, science and history books. In them each step and each idea ___50___(be) important, so they should be read slowly. Some things should be read___51___(rapid) throughout. Examples are simple stories meant___52___enjoyment, news, letters from friends, and pieces of news from local or hometown papers. In some of your reading, it is ___53___ must to change your speed from fast to slow and slow to fast, as you go along. You will need to read certain pages fast and then slow down and do more ___54____(care) reading when you come to important ideas which must___55____(remember).
第三部分写作（共两节: 满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题: 每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Today Mr. Zhang, our English teacher, tells us how to improve English writing skills. The ability to write in English is becoming increasing important. Thus, it is worth focusing our attention. To write a good essay, we should, as Mr. Zhang said that, have an excellent of over 2,000 frequently-used English word. It’s necessary and useful for us to read or even recite differently beautiful English articles. Beside, as the saying goes, “Practice makes perfect’’, but we should take every possible chance to write in English. According to my personal experience, keep a diary every day is a good means to achieve an aim.
笫二节书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是某中学学生李华。

最近，你班同学正在参加21世纪英文报“大家谈”栏目的一个讨论。

本次话题为：“父母有没有必要陪读？”
请你根据下表所列情况给报社写一封信，客观地介绍讨论的情况。

注意：1. 信的形式已经为你写好。

2．词数100左右。

3．参考词汇：陪读accompany sb. studying at school 督促urge
Dear Editor,
I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we have recently had about whether our parents should accompany us studying at school.
___________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
阅读理解:1-4 D D A C 5-7 D B C 6-10 A A B 11-15 F G A C E
完型填空: 16-20 C A B C D 21-25 C A B A C 26-30 D C A B C 31-35 D B D A B 单词拼写:36. theory 37. custom 38. consult 39. surrounded
40. violence 41. genuine 42. agricultural 43. impressed
44. combine 45.continent
语法填空:
46. reader 47. knowing 48.whether 49. directions 50. is 51. rapidly
52. for 53. a 54.careful 55. be remembered
短文改错:
1. tells—told
2. increasing—increasingly
3. attention 后加“on”
4. that 删掉
5. word—words
6. differently—different
7. Beside---Besides
8.but---so
9. keep—keeping 10. an---the
写作:
Dear editor,
I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we have recently had about whether our parents should accompany us studying at school.
We do have different opinions on this matter. Most of us (about 70%) think our parents should not accompany us studying at school since it makes us fall into the habit of dependence, so that we won’t form the good habit of studying. What’s more, it is harmful for us to form the habit of controlling ourselves. At the same time it affects our parents’ work, studies and rest.
While about 30% of my classmates think it necessary for our parents to accompany us studying at school. Accompanying us studying at school can let us have more time to spare for our studies. Besides, we shall be healthier for their cooking. On the other hand our parents can help us set up our aim, urge us to finish our task, encourage us to overcome difficulties and get us into the good habit of studying.
Yours truly,
Li Hua。