Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Grammar——限制性定语从句

3．as 引导限制性定语从句 as 引导非限制性定语从句常用于 the same ... as ...，such ...
as ...，as ... as ...，so ... as ...结构中；as 的先行词既可是人，也可以 是物； as 在从句中常作主语、宾语等。
I have never heard such a story as he told. 我从没有听过他讲的那样的故事。 This is the same book as I lost last week. 这本书和我上周丢的那本一样。 (1)当先行词由 the same 修饰时，偶尔也用 that 引导从句，但意 思不同。
(2)which 引导的定语从句 Beijing is a city which/that has a history of 2,000 years. 北京是座具有 2000 年历史的城市。(作主语，不可以省略) The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. 有台机器的那间屋子是工作室。(which 作介词 in 的宾语， 不能省略)
4．“介词＋which/whom/whose”引导的定语从句 定语从句中介词的确定可遵循以下三个原则： (1)依据从句中动词或形容词等的习惯搭配确定 I bought a great many books on which I spent most of my money. 我买了很多书，这些书花了我的大部分钱。 (2)依据与先行词的搭配确定 Jill once worked in the company in which the cars are produced now. 吉尔曾在生产这种汽车的那家公司工作。
(3)(山东高考)A company ________ profits from home markets
are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
A．which
B．whose
C．who
D．why
解析：考查定语从句。句意：一家在国内市场利润下降的公司
可能会去国外谋求机会。分析题意和句子结构可知，主句中 a
(2)(安徽高考)The exact year ________ Angela and her family
spent together in China was 2008.
A．when
B．where
C．why
D．which
解析：考查定语从句。本题定语从句中的谓语动词 spent 为及
物动词，缺少宾语，先行词为其宾语，故选用关系代词 which。 答案：D
关系代词that和which的用法区别情况说明只用不用which先行词是不定代词或由不定代词修饰时先行词是序数词形容词最高级或被其修饰时先行词被theveryonly等修饰时主句是以whichwhatwho开头的特殊疑问句时先行词既有人也有物时两个定语从句中一个关系代词用which另一个要只用which不用引导非限制性定语从句时关系代词前有介词时先行词本身是that时allwehaveourstudentssuggesthowhonest
Who is the person that is sitting in the car? 坐在车里的那个人是谁？
The house in which they lived last year has been rebuilt. 他们去年住的那座房子已经重建了。
[即时演练2]
(1)选词填空：that, which
情况
说明
先行词是不定代词或由不定代词修饰时
先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被其修饰时
只用 先行词被the very, the only等修饰时
that 不用
主句是以which, what, who开头的特殊疑问句时
which 先行词既有人也有物时
两个定语从句中一个关系代词用which, 另一个要
用that
She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary's wedding. 她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。(同一条) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。(同样的) (2)such ...as .../so ...as ...引导的定语从句和 such/so ...that ...引导 的结果状语从句的区别。 如果从句缺少主语或宾语就是定语从句，连接词用 as；如果从 句的结构完整，就是结果状语从句，连接词用 that。
只用 引导非限制性定语从句时
which 关系代词前有介词时 不用 that 先行词本身是that时
All that we have to do for our students is to suggest how to be honest.
我们为学生所要做的事情就是启发他们如何做个诚实的人。 This is the most beautiful place that I have been to. 这是我去过的最美的地方。 The first English novel that I read was Hard Times by Charles Dickens. 我看的第一本英文小说是狄更斯写的《艰难时代》。 They always like to talk about the man and the things that they see on the road. 他们总谈论路上见到的人和事。
He is such a good boy that everyone likes him. 他是那么好的男孩至于人人都喜欢他。(从句不缺句子成分，that 引导结果状语从句) He is such a good boy as everyone likes. 他是个人人都喜欢的好男孩。(从句中 likes 缺宾语，用 as 充当 并引导定语从句)
[即时演练 1]
(1)用适当的关系代词填空
①He prefers the cheese which/that comes from his parent's
farm.
②The noodles (which/that) you cooked were delicious. ③Nobody wants the house whose windows are all broken. ④The little girl that/whom I spoke to just now is my sister.
learned?
④The reason for which he refused the invitation is not clear.
(2)(陕西高考)Please send us all the information ________ you
have about the candidate for the position.
①A dog is the only thing on earth that loves you more than he
loves himself. ②Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library
which was newly open to us. ③Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have
[我的发现] (1)这些复合句中黑体词部分是限制性 定语从句，这种定语从句是用 来修饰和限定先行词的，与先行词之间的关系非常密切，如果去掉 则意思含混不清。 (2)在以上例句中，句①中包括两个定语从句：① which 引导的定语
从句修饰先行词 photos ；②I talked about 是省略了引导词 that/which 的定语从句，修饰 the places。 (3)句②中 who引导的定语从句修饰 boys；句③中是 from where 引 导的定语从句修饰 a ridge；句④中 I could see 是省略了引导词 that
(3)that 引导的定语从句 that 可指人或事物，代替 who, whom, which，在从句中作 主语、宾语等(不能放在介词后作宾语)。 The flowers that she received are from her boyfriend. 她收到的花是她男朋友送的。
The girl (that/whom) I spoke to is my cousin. 我刚才和她讲话的那个女孩是我表妹。(指人)
A．that
B．which
C．as
D．what
解析：考查定语从句。句意：请把你所知道的关于申请这个职
位的候选人的所有信息发给我们。根据句子结构来判断，此处
是一个定语从句，其先行词为 all the information，关系词在 从句中作 have 的宾语。由于先行词前有 all 修饰，故要用 that 引导定语从句。故答案为 A。 答案：A
的定语从句，修饰 possessions。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1．关系代词的用法
所作成分 主语 宾语
定语
代替人 who
whom/who whose/of
whom
代替物 which which whose/of which
代替人或物 that that
注：as 用法特殊，没有列入表中。
(1)who, whom, whose 引导的定语从句 This is the stranger who saved the girl's life. 这就是拯救了这个女孩的陌生人。(who 作主语) The doctor (whom/who) you're looking for is in the room. 你找的那位医生就在屋子里。(whom 作宾语，可省略) Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in. 没有人想要这个屋顶塌陷下去的屋子。(whose 作定语，修 饰 roof)
课前自 主领悟
Unit 4 SectionⅢ
课堂要 点精析
课后强 化训练
Section_Ⅲ
Grammar——限பைடு நூலகம்性定语从句
语法图解
探究发现 ① I know you're dying to hear all about my life here, so I've included some photos which will help you picture the places I talked about. ②The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows. ③We walked for two and a half hours to get there — first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below. ④The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars.
company 是主语，may seek 是谓语，opportunities 是宾语，
而所填词要引导一个定语从句，该从句中 profits 是主语，而
且 profits 与先行词构成所属关系，故用 whose 引导定语从句，
同时 whose 在从句中作 profits 的定语。 答案：B
2．关系代词 that 和 which 的用法区别
[即时演练 3] 选词填空：as, that ①This is such a beautiful park that everyone wants to visit it. ②This is such a beautiful park as everyone wants to visit. ③She will marry as wealthy a man as she can find. ④Let's discuss only such questions as concern every one of us.