A possible X-ray jet from the starburst galaxy NGC6217
我想成为一名宇航员八上英语作文
我想成为一名宇航员八上英语作文I Want to Become an AstronautHave you ever looked up at the night sky and marveled at the twinkling stars and the bright moon? I sure have, and it never ceases to fill me with wonder and amazement. The mysteries of space have captivated me for as long as I can remember. The thought of exploring the great unknown and unraveling the secrets of the universe thrills me to my core. That's why I dream of becoming an astronaut one day.Ever since I was a little kid, I've been fascinated by space. I can vividly recall lying on the grass in my backyard, gazing intently at the star-speckled sky, and letting my imagination run wild. What kind of worlds could those distant stars have orbiting around them? Could some of them possibly harbor alien life forms? The very idea of intelligent beings existing on other planets both excited and intrigued me.My fascination only grew stronger as I got older and started learning more about space in school. I was in awe when I first saw pictures of faraway galaxies, star clusters, and nebulae. The sheer scale of the universe is mind-boggling, and the thought that we humans have only scratched the surface in ourexploration of it fueled my desire to be a part of those brave endeavors.Of course, becoming an astronaut is no easy feat. It requires years of rigorous training, both mentally and physically. You need to be incredibly knowledgeable in fields like physics, astronomy, and engineering. You also need to be in peak physical condition to withstand the extreme forces involved in space travel. And perhaps most importantly, you need to have an unwavering courage and determination to face the many risks and challenges that come with venturing into the great unknown.However, I am fully prepared to dedicate myself to this path. I've always been a diligent and hardworking student, especially in subjects like math and science. I'm also physically active and take good care of my health. But beyond that, I possess an insatiable curiosity and a hunger for knowledge that I believe will serve me well in a career as an astronaut.Just imagine the thrill of being launched into space aboard a powerful rocket, leaving the Earth's atmosphere behind and entering the vast expanse of the cosmos. The view of our beautiful planet suspended in the inky blackness of space must be a breathtaking sight to behold. And then, to actually set footon another celestial body, like the Moon or Mars – what an incredible accomplishment that would be!As an astronaut, I would have the opportunity to conduct cutting-edge scientific research that could potentially lead to groundbreaking discoveries about the origins of our universe, the nature of black holes, or even the existence of extraterrestrial life. The knowledge and insights we could gain from space exploration are virtually limitless, and I would be proud to contribute to humanity's quest for understanding.Of course, being an astronaut also comes with its fair share of risks and dangers. The perils of space travel arewell-documented, from the potential for equipment malfunctions and life-support system failures to the ever-present threat of cosmic radiation and the harsh conditions of extraterrestrial environments. It's a profession that demands nerves of steel and an unwavering commitment to the mission.But I truly believe that the rewards of space exploration far outweigh the risks. The knowledge and discoveries we stand to gain could revolutionize our understanding of the universe and potentially even secure the long-term survival of our species by enabling us to establish settlements on other planets.Imagine being one of the first humans to set foot on Mars and pave the way for future colonization efforts. Or perhaps even venturing beyond our solar system aboard an advanced spacecraft, exploring distant star systems and making first contact with alien civilizations. These may seem like far-fetched notions now, but with the tireless efforts of brilliant minds and the continued advancement of space technology, who knows what amazing feats we might achieve in the future?That's why I dream of becoming an astronaut – to be a part of that grand adventure, to push the boundaries of human knowledge and exploration, and to contribute to our species' quest to unlock the secrets of the cosmos. It's a lofty ambition, to be sure, but one that I am fully committed to pursuing with every ounce of my passion, determination, and hard work.So the next time you gaze up at the night sky and marvel at the twinkling stars, remember that there's a whole universe out there waiting to be explored. And if you catch a glimpse of a shooting star, make a wish for me – that one day, I might have the incredible honor and privilege of being among those brave souls who venture forth into the great unknown, propelling humanity's journey of cosmic exploration to new and uncharted frontiers.。
请以星星之火可以燎原写一篇相关英语作文
请以星星之火可以燎原写一篇相关英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Once upon a time, there was a little star in the sky named Sparkle. Sparkle was a tiny star, but she had a big dream - she wanted to make the world a brighter place. One day, Sparkle noticed a shooting star streaking across the sky. The shooting star whispered to Sparkle, "Even the smallest star can start a fire."Inspired by the shooting star's words, Sparkle decided to take action. She talked to her fellow stars in the sky and told them about her dream of making the world a brighter place. At first, the other stars were skeptical. How could such a tiny star make a difference? But Sparkle was determined. She knew that even the smallest spark could start a flame.So Sparkle began to shine brighter than ever before. Her light shone so brightly that it caught the attention of the people on Earth. They looked up at the sky and saw Sparkle shining like a beacon of hope. And then something amazing happened - one by one, the other stars in the sky began to shine brighter too.Before long, the entire sky was filled with shining stars, each one radiating a light of its own. The night sky was ablaze with beauty and wonder. And down on Earth, people could feel the warmth of the stars' light, filling their hearts with joy and hope.And so, just as the shooting star had promised, Sparkle's tiny light had sparked a flame that spread far and wide. The world was a little brighter, all because of one little star who dared to dream big.And that's the story of how a little star named Sparkle proved that even the smallest spark can start a fire. So remember, my friends - never underestimate the power of a tiny spark. You never know how far it might take you!篇2Once upon a time, there was a little star named Twinkle who lived in the vast sky. Twinkle was a small star, but she had a big dream - she wanted to spread light and warmth to all the corners of the universe. But being just one little star, Twinkle didn't think she could make a difference.One day, Twinkle met a group of young stars who shared the same dream. They were Bright, Shiny, and Sparkle. Together, they came up with a plan to make their dream come true. Theydecided to work together and create a chain reaction of light and warmth that would spread across the sky like a wildfire.They started by shining brighter than ever before, sending out beams of light in all directions. Soon, other stars noticed their brightness and started shining brighter too. The sky was filled with twinkling lights, illuminating the darkness and bringing a sense of hope and joy to all who looked up.As more and more stars joined in, the light grew stronger and brighter. It wasn't long before the entire universe was aglow with the light of a thousand stars. The once dark and empty sky was now filled with beauty and warmth, all thanks to the little star named Twinkle and her friends.And so, the saying "A spark can start a wildfire" proved to be true. Twinkle and her friends showed that even the smallest of stars can make a big difference when they work together towards a common goal. From that day on, the universe was forever changed, all thanks to a little star with a big dream and a group of young stars with a whole lot of determination.篇3Once upon a time, there was a little star called Sparkle. Sparkle was just a small, little star in the big sky. But Sparkle had a big dream - to spread light and warmth to the whole universe.One day, Sparkle met a group of friends who were also stars. They were Shine, Twinkle, and Glitter. Together, they talked about their dreams and decided to make a plan to make the world a brighter place.They knew that even though they were just small stars, they had the power to make a big difference. Just like a small spark can start a big fire, they believed that their light could spread and inspire others to shine too.So, Sparkle and their friends started to shine brighter than ever before. They twinkled and glowed, sending their light out into the universe. And soon, other stars started to notice and join in. The sky was filled with the light of all the stars shining together.And just like that, the little spark of Sparkle's dream ignited a fire of light and warmth that spread across the whole universe. The stars united in their mission to bring light and joy to all.And as they twinkled and shone together, they knew that no matter how small they were, they could make a big impact.Because just like a star's light can be seen from far away, a small act of kindness can spread and change the world.So, remember, dear friends, that even the smallest spark can ignite a fire. Let your light shine bright and warm the hearts of others. For with unity and love, we can all make a difference in the world.The end. Thank you for listening!篇4Once upon a time, there was a little star named Sparky who dreamed of making a big impact in the night sky. He knew that even the smallest star could make a difference if he tried hard enough. One night, while all the other stars were shining brightly, Sparky decided to do something different.He started to twinkle and sparkle with all his might, sending out bursts of light in all directions. At first, the other stars were puzzled by Sparky's behavior, but soon they realized that he was onto something. Sparky's efforts began to catch on, and soon all the stars in the sky were twinkling and sparkling together.As they shone brighter and brighter, their light spread across the entire sky, creating a beautiful display that could be seen formiles around. People on Earth marveled at the sight, amazed by the beauty of the stars above.And so, it was true what they say, that a spark can ignite a fire. In this case, it was the little star Sparky who ignited a fire of light and beauty in the night sky. From then on, the stars worked together to create a spectacular show every night, reminding everyone that even the smallest of sparks can make a big difference.篇5Once upon a time, there was a little star called Sparky. Sparky was just a tiny spark in the vast sky, but he had big dreams. He wanted to spread light and warmth to the world. One day, Sparky met a group of other stars who laughed at his dreams. They said, "How can a little spark like you make a difference in the world?"But Sparky didn't give up. He believed in the power of small things. So, he set out to prove them wrong. He traveled far and wide, lighting up the dark corners of the universe. Everywhere he went, he left a trail of light behind him.Soon, other stars began to take notice. They saw the beauty and warmth that Sparky brought to the world. They realized thateven the smallest star could make a big impact. And so, they joined Sparky in his mission to light up the sky.Before long, the sky was ablaze with a million tiny stars, each shining brightly and spreading light and warmth to every corner of the universe. The once dark and cold sky was now a beautiful, radiant sea of light.And so, the saying "a star in the fire can light up" came true. Sparky and his fellow stars had shown that even the smallest spark could ignite a great fire. And they had filled the world with the light of hope and possibility.So, remember, my friends, no matter how small you may feel, never underestimate the power of your dreams and your actions. Like Sparky and his friends, you too can light up the world and make a difference. Just believe in yourself and never give up!篇6Once upon a time, there was a little star named Twinkle. Twinkle lived in the big, vast sky with all the other stars. Every night, she would shine brightly and twinkle with all her might.One day, Twinkle heard a story about a magical fire called "star fire". The story said that if a star started a fire with just aspark, it could spread and light up the whole sky. Twinkle was fascinated by this idea and decided that she wanted to try it out.So, one night when all the other stars were sleeping, Twinkle gathered up all her courage and whispered to herself, "I can do it!I can start a fire with just a spark." And with that, she closed her eyes and focused all her energy on creating a tiny spark.To her amazement, a small spark appeared in front of her. Twinkle couldn't believe it! She had actually done it! With a joyful squeal, she watched as the spark grew bigger and bigger until it turned into a bright flame.The flame was so beautiful and powerful that it lit up the entire sky. All the other stars woke up and looked in wonder at the shining fire. They were amazed by Twinkle's bravery and determination.From that day on, Twinkle's star fire continued to burn brightly in the sky. And soon, other stars began to create their own fires, spreading the light and warmth to every corner of the night sky.And so, the saying "a star fire can light up the whole sky" came true, thanks to Twinkle's courage and determination. Thesky was never the same again, all because of a little star with a big dream.。
你最想和哪一位名人共进晚餐英语作文
你最想和哪一位名人共进晚餐英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1If I Could Have Dinner With Any Famous PersonWow, what an exciting question! If I could have dinner with any famous person in the whole wide world, who would I choose? There are so many amazing people throughout history and today that it's really hard to pick just one. But if I had to choose, I think I would want to have dinner with Neil Armstrong.Neil Armstrong was the first person ever to walk on the moon! How incredibly cool is that? I can't even imagine what it must have been like to travel all the way to the moon in a tiny little spacecraft and then actually set foot on the surface. Just thinking about it gives me goosebumps.I would love to ask Neil Armstrong all about his journey to the moon on Apollo 11 back in 1969. What was the launch like when the giant Saturn V rocket blasted off into space? Did he get scared or nervous at all on the way to the moon? How did it feel when the lunar module finally landed on the moon's surface? And most of all, I really want to know what the very first steps onthe moon were like. Was the ground powdery or hard? How far could he jump since there's less gravity? I have a million questions I'd ask him!But I wouldn't just ask Neil Armstrong about being the first man on the moon. I'd want to know all about his life growing up too. What was his childhood like? Did he always want to be an astronaut when he grew up? How did he first become interested in flying and airplanes as a kid? I'd ask him what school was like and what kinds of things he enjoyed doing for fun when he was my age. Maybe he even had an amazing treehouse or played awesome games with his friends when he was little!Neil Armstrong is a true pioneer and real-life hero, but he seems like such a humble and down-to-dearth person from what I've read about him. I can picture him smiling modestly and maybe even blushing a little if I gushed about how incredibly brave and inspiring he is. I would tell him that his achievements have sparked the imaginations of millions of kids like me around the world. Because of trailblazers like him, who knows how many future astronauts and scientists are dreaming of exploring Mars, the moons of Jupiter, or even faraway galaxies!I have so many other questions I would ask Neil Armstrong too. What did space travel feel like with the crazy gravity forcesduring launch and re-entry? Was learning to walk on the moon's surface before arriving there as trippy as it seems like it would be? What was it like being back on Earth again after such an epic journey and looking up at the moon knowing he had walked on it? I could go on and on!Getting to share a meal with Neil Armstrong and learn about his life would be a major "kid-level" dream come true. Can you imagine how star-struck I would be actually sitting across the table from the first man to walk on the moon? I'd probably have a hard time working up the courage to say anything at first! But once we started talking, I bet Neil Armstrong would be such an amazing dinner guest.I would love to hear stories from his childhood and ask him what he was like when he was a kid my age. Did he ever get in trouble like kids often do, or was he always the perfect Boy Scout that he seemed to be from watching interviews with him as an adult? What were his favorite games, hobbies, books and TV shows back in the 1930s when he was a boy growing up? I'll bet his ultimate dream ever since he was little was to be an astronaut and explore space one day. I'd ask him if that's true and how he chased after that dream until it became a reality.More than anything though, I really want to know every little detail about what the whole moon experience was like for Neil Armstrong. I have a million questions I'd ask him! What did it feel like when the lunar module's engines finally kicked back on and he reunited with Michael Collins on the command module? Can he describe the incredible view of the Earth from all the way out in space? Most of all, I'd love to hear his personal reflections on how it felt to look back at the moon and know he was the very first person to go there. That's got to be the most amazing feeling ever!I hope I wouldn't get too star-struck or tongue-tied when talking to Neil Armstrong, because that dinner conversation would be absolutely priceless. Of course I'd do my best to be polite and make him feel welcome too. Maybe my mom could help cook his favorite meal, and I could greet him with a big hand-made sign that says "Thanks for being my hero, Mr. Armstrong!" I'd tell him how cool it was that he inspired me and millions of other kids to dream of experiencing space travel and exploration ourselves one day.No matter how many fascinating stories Neil Armstrong told me about his training as a pilot, getting selected for the Apollo space program, or ribbing with Buzz Aldrin about being the firstguy on the moon, I know the entire evening would feel like a dream. Getting face-to-face advice about pursuing my dreams in life from a true pioneer like him would be simplyout-of-this-world!By the end of our dinner together, I'll bet Neil Armstrong would have a big smile on his face from drinking in my childlike enthusiasm and endless questions about his moon mission. And who knows? Maybe he'd be inspired himself to write a book for kids about his journey just for curious young explorers like me. What an incredible experience that would be!So if I could share a meal with any famous person, I would give anything to have dinner with Neil Armstrong. He is a true hero, pioneer and all-around inspiring human being. Just getting to be in the same room as the first man on the moon would be unbelievable. And actually hearing directly from him what that whole experience was like would be a life-changing, magic memory I could cherish forever. Some kids might pick a movie star or athlete to have dinner with, but not me. I'll take the space explorer who showed us all that literally nothing is impossible if you never stop dreaming and working hard. An evening with Neil Armstrong would be simply out-of-this-world!篇2Who I Would Want to Have Dinner WithIf I could have dinner with any famous person in the whole wide world, I would pick Michael Jackson! He was the King of Pop and made so many incredible songs that I love dancing to. My mom plays his music all the time and I know all the words to classics like "Billie Jean", "Beat It", and "Thriller".Whenever one of Michael Jackson's songs comes on, I can't help but jump up and start moving and grooving. His music just makes me want to dance! I try my best to moonwalk across the living room floor, though I haven't quite mastered it yet. I usually end up tripping over my own feet. But I keep practicing because being a smooth dancer like MJ is one of my biggest dreams.Can you imagine how amazing it would be to have dinner with the legendary Michael Jackson himself? I would be soaking up every second, asking him a million questions. Where did he get the inspiration for his mind-blowing dance moves? How did he come up with the ideas for his iconic music videos like "Thriller" that were really more like short movies? What was it like performing in front of huge crowds at his unforgettable concerts?More than anything, I would want Michael to teach me how to dance as well as he did. Maybe he could show me his secretsto pulling off the anti-gravity lean and the amazing spin he did over and over. I've watched his videos a billion times trying to copy his steps, but having him right there to guide me would be a million times better.I can picture it so clearly - Michael Jackson and me having dinner together. Well, to be honest, I probably wouldn't eat much because I'd be too busy peppering him with questions and begging him to dance for me. It would be like the best night of my life!I would ask him to autograph every single item of Michael Jackson stuff I own - my t-shirt, posters, CDs, and even my burgundy fedora hat just like the one he always wore. Maybe he could do that cool "hee hee!" laugh for me and let me try on one of his famous sparkly gloves. I'm honestly not sure I would be able to remain calmer. I might just pass out from getting to meet my biggest idol ever.Then after dinner, he would take me out to the biggest, nicest dance studio in the whole city. The floors would be immaculately polished wood, and the gigantic mirrors would line the entire room. I can picture it clearly - Michael showing me his patented "anti-gravity lean" move in the center of that beautiful studio. I would watch so intently, trying my absolute hardest toabsorb every little detail and nuance of his movements so I could recreate them perfectly later. Then it would be my turn to give it a try with the King of Pop's guidance and encouragement. I have chills just imagining it!Of course, I would also beg Michael to do the dance from "Thriller" too - you know, the zombie dance that is just so unbelievably cool. I've watched that iconic video about a trillion times but I still can't perfectly nail all those zombie moves. Having him walk me through it step-by-step would truly be a dream come true. We would massacre the routine together, me surrounded by the master himself.After we finished dancing, I bet Michael would be really tired from such a long practice session. So we would go back to my place and raid the fridge for a bunch of snacks. I'd make him his favorite dessert - maybe those deep dish apple crisps my mom is known for. As we recharged with treats, I would just listen to Michael tell stories about his fascinating life. Like what dated pop star was he really shading when he sang "The girl is mine"? I would soak in every single word that came out of his mouth.Michael could even spend the night if he wanted! I'd make sure he had the comfiest,coziest sleeping spot on my bunk bed. As I drifted off to sleep, I would just lie there pinching myselfrepeatedly. Did I really get to spend an entire wonderful evening being mentored by The One himself - the iconic Michael Jackson? Even at bedtime, I bet I would be too keyed up to fall asleep. I'd just keep replaying our dance session and dinner conversation over and over in my head, etching every moment into my memory forever.The next morning, I would insist on making Michael a breakfast ft for a king - pancakes, eggs, sausage, the works! As he ate, I'm sure I would already start bothering him again about doing more dance lessons. I have so much more to learn! And I would definitely need to get one final autograph inscribed to me before the night was over and my time with the legend finally had to come to an end.That entire surreal experience having dinner with Michael Jackson would literally be the best thing that ever happened to me. Sure, he was one of the biggest celebrities on the planet, but he also seemed like such a kind, gentle soul. I would be the luckiest kid around getting to spend quality time with my icon. Who knows, maybe he would take me under his wing and make me his protégé? Hey, a kid can dream, right?So that's why Michael Jackson is the famous person I would most want to have dinner with, hand's down. Honestly, you couldprobably offer me any other big celebrity and I would politely turn them down. Because at the end of the day, there is just no replacing the King of Pop in my book. That man was a true artist who created incredible, timeless music and videos that I will appreciate forever. I feel like we just had such a special connection, even though weirdly never actually met. If I just got that one chance though, I would make sure to cherish every single second with the one and only Michael Jackson. It would be an out-of-this-world, pinch-me experience that I could brag about forever as the ultimate childhood dream come true!篇3If I Could Have Dinner With Any Famous PersonHave you ever wondered what it would be like to have dinner with someone really famous? Like a celebrity, an athlete, a president, or a historical figure? I think about that a lot. There are so many fascinating people out there that I'd love to meet and chat with over a nice meal. But if I could only pick one person to have dinner with, I know exactly who it would be - Amelia Earhart!Amelia Earhart was an amazing pioneer in aviation during the early 20th century. She was the first female aviator to fly soloacross the Atlantic Ocean. Can you imagine how daring and courageous she must have been to do something so dangerous and groundbreaking at a time when few women even drove cars, let alone flew airplanes? I have so many questions I'd want to ask her about her adventures and achievements.First, I'd ask her what inspired her love of flying and exploring. Was it reading adventure books as a kid like me? Or did she always feel a sense of wanderlust and the desire to see the world from up above? I'd be really curious to know what first sparked her passion for aviation and travel.Then I'd ask her to tell me all about her famous transatlantic flight in 1932. What was going through her mind as her little single-engine plane took off from Newfoundland headed over the vast, open ocean? Was she scared at all during the 20+ hour journey? How did it feel when she finally landed in Ireland and became an international celebrity? I'd want to hear every thrilling detail from her own perspective.Of course, I'd also have to ask Amelia about her daring attempt to fly around the entire world in 1937. Why was she so determined to make that flight? What were her biggest concerns and how did she prepare? And what does she think happened when her plane went missing over the Pacific - did she perhapscrash land on a remote island? The mystery of her disappearance still puzzles people today.But I wouldn't just stick to asking her about her aviation career and greatest flights. I'd want to learn more about Amelia Earhart the person. What was her childhood like growing up in Kansas? How did she overcome doubters who didn't think women should pursue such adventurous goals? What were her other hobbies and interests outside of flying? I'd love to gain more insight into what made her decide to break boundaries and chase her dreams so fearlessly.More than anything though, I think I'd want Amelia's advice on never giving up and always believing in yourself, no matter what challenges you face. She accomplished so many "firsts" as a woman in a male-dominated field during a time of enormous gender inequality. I'm sure she encountered plenty of naysayers and obstacles that could have discouraged her from achieving her ambitions. But she never let any of that hold her back from soaring to new heights (literally!). I really admire that spirit of perseverance and grit.Amelia Earhart has been one of my biggest heroes and role models since I first learned about her daring flights in school. Just thinking about her courage, skill, and thirst for explorationmakes me feel empowered to dream big and never let anything stand in my way. She showed that girls can do anything they put their minds to, no matter how impossible it may seem at first.That's why having dinner with the legendary Amelia Earhart would be an absolute dream come true. Can you imagine how incredible it would be to share a meal with such a pathbreaking female pioneer and hear her amazing stories firsthand? I'd be hanging on her every word, soaking up her trailblazing spirit and her inspirational life lessons. Maybe she could even offer me some tips on how to become a pilot someday too!Of course, Amelia disappeared over 80 years ago so having an actual conversation with her is just a fantasy. But her legacy lives on, sparking the imagination of young people like me with her daring adventures and unshakeable determination. While I may never get to meet her in person, I'll always admire Amelia Earhart's embrace of courage over fear and her pioneering spirit of exploration. She showed me and millions of other kids that you don't have to accept traditional boundaries or let anything stand in the way of pursuing your biggest dreams. Every time I gaze up at the clouds, I'll be reminded of how she defied gravity and charted her own sky-high course. Amelia Earhart is, and will always remain, my dream dinner guest.。
散发光 成为光英语作文
散发光成为光英语作文Radiating Light: The Luminary of the Universe.In the vast expanse of the cosmos, countless celestial bodies emit radiant energy, illuminating the darkness and illuminating our understanding of the universe. Among these luminous celestial objects, stars reign supreme as the primary source of light, energy, and awe for observers both on Earth and beyond.Stars, the building blocks of galaxies, are incandescent beacons of plasma held together by their own gravitational forces. Within their nuclear furnaces, the fusion of hydrogen atoms into helium releases prodigious amounts of energy, a process that sustains their brilliance for billions of years. This energy manifests as electromagnetic radiation, which travels through space as a spectrum of light waves.The light emitted by stars encompasses a vast range ofwavelengths, from short-wavelength gamma rays to long-wavelength radio waves. However, the human eye is only capable of perceiving a narrow band within this spectrum, known as visible light. Visible light ranges from violet to red, with each wavelength corresponding to a different color.Stars exhibit a remarkable diversity in their light output, ranging from faint and barely visible to dazzling and brilliant. The brightness of a star, as perceived by an observer on Earth, depends on several factors, includingits size, temperature, and distance from Earth.Large stars, with greater masses and hence more fuel to burn, typically emit more light than smaller stars. Temperature also plays a crucial role in determining astar's luminosity. Hotter stars emit blue and white light, while cooler stars radiate yellow or red light.The distance between a star and Earth also influences its apparent brightness. Stars that are closer to Earth appear brighter than those that are farther away. This isbecause the inverse square law of light dictates that the intensity of light decreases with the square of the distance from the source.The light of stars serves as a valuable tool for astronomers and astrophysicists. By analyzing the spectrum of light emitted by stars, scientists can determine their temperature, chemical composition, and other physical characteristics. This information helps us understand the evolution of stars, the nature of stellar populationswithin galaxies, and the history of the universe itself.Moreover, the light of stars provides a celestial beacon for navigators and explorers. For centuries, seafarers relied on the positions of stars to guide their ships across vast oceans. Even today, spacecraft venturing into the depths of space utilize star charts and celestial navigation to determine their location and trajectory.Beyond its practical applications, the light of stars also holds profound aesthetic and philosophical significance. Throughout human history, stars have capturedthe imagination of poets, artists, and philosophers. Their twinkling radiance has inspired countless works of art, literature, and music. Stars have also been associated with spirituality, divinity, and the pursuit of knowledge and enlightenment.In conclusion, the light of stars permeates our existence, providing both practical and profound benefits. It illuminates the darkness, guides our paths, and fuels our understanding of the universe. As we continue to explore the cosmos and unravel its mysteries, the light of stars will forever remain a constant and awe-inspiring source of wonder and inspiration.。
同等学力申硕英语模拟题答案
Paper onePart I Dialogue CommunicationSection A1．选A..在语言学中有一种“使役行为理论”;指的是有些句子具有一定的使役力量;虽然没有直接提出要求;但听者听了以后会觉得说话者间接提出了某种请求;让听者做某件事..在这里;A方虽然表面是在问B方是否靠近门口;但其前提是感到寒冷;可见其目的并不只是单纯的询问B方所处的位置;而是间接地请求B方把门关上;所以选项A实现了成功的交流目的.. 2．选B..A方问：“最新的一期时代周刊到没到今天已经是星期二了..”选项B的答复最合理：“这杂志晚了..也许后天才能到..”其他几个答复均不合适..如干扰项A仅重复了杂志未到的事实;无任何新信息..3．选A..注意本对话讲的是打电话投硬币的事..A方是电话提示;要求投入更多预付金硬币;否则通话就无法继续了..因此;选项A说：“噢;天哪;我没钱了..得把电话挂了..”4．选B..A方问：“Ray;你放学后不直接回家吗”选项B说：“不..我1点钟还要上课;然后在图书馆待几个小时再回家..”干扰项A可能起作用..但应注意;按照英语的习惯;当回答内容为否定时;其前不能使用Yes..5．选A..A方说：“听说你得了一张停车罚单..”选项A的意思是：“是啊;我根本不知道3区是专供教师用的..”Lot在此指停车的分区..Section BDialogue Comprehension6．选A..女士问男士是否见过凯莉在附近出现;男士回答说;凯莉的手提包就放在椅子上;暗示凯莉很可能就在附近..7．选A..男士提醒女士记得去看医生;但女士说只是有点擦伤;暗示她认为情况并不严重;不需要去看医生..8．选B..pick up在这里的意思是“学某种东西”..on one’s own的意思是“靠自己”..知道了这两个词组的意义;就很容易选出答案B..9．选D..这道题的关键词是resume;即“简历”..女士打算给这家电力公司递上一个简历..显然;她是想在这家公司工作..10．选C..男士说他打算放弃拉小提琴;因为管弦乐队再次拒绝接收他为成员；女士对此表示怀疑：“仅仅因为你没能成功考入乐队;难道就此放弃吗”可见她希望男士应重新考虑他的决定..“make”在这里指“成功作成某事”..Part II V ocabulary11．选B.mended：赞扬;表彰;其对应词应为praised;即“表扬;表彰”..本题题意为：那位消防队员因其在熄灭那场大火的勇敢表现而受到表彰..辨义：A．denounced斥责；C．welcomed 欢迎；D．exclaimed嚷叫起来;大声叫..12．选C..画线词rule out：排除掉;其对应词应为exclude;即“排除掉;不包括..”本题题意为：我们无法排除是他的妻子将他杀害的..辨义：A．foresee预见；B．run out用完；D．foretell 预言..故答案为C..13．选A..画线词back up;在这里的意思是：依靠;支持；其近义词为A support..辨义：A support 支持..辨义：通过语义判断;到分辨词汇可分辨义：A．elevate；B．提高；C．investigate调查；D．challenge挑战..本题题句的意思为：人们期待着科学家们做出彻底的研究来支持对这些新药所作的断言..故正确答案为A..14．选D..画线词baffling在此的含义是：令……惊讶;或令人感到茫然莫解..其对应词为perplexing to..本题题句的意思为：有一类侦探小说描述令人钦佩的业余侦探;他们通过理智地分析犯罪动机与线索;侦破了一些使警察困惑不已的案子..正确答案为D..辨义：A．revealed by由……揭示出；B．predicted by由……预测；C．alarming to对某人产生提醒或告诫的作用..15．选A..画线词的对应词为：fundamentally..二者共同的基本意思是：基本上、聪根本上..本题题句的意思为：相对论基本上有两部分组成：狭义相对论和广义相对论..辨义：B．usually 通常；C．frequently经常；D．approximately大约、近似地..16．选C..画线词depicting：描绘..其含义与portraying描绘;绘制接近..本题题意为：描绘风景景观的刺绣18世纪末就在美国开始畅销起来..辨义：A．stating陈述；B．relating论及；D．celebrating庆祝性的..故答案为C..17．选A..画线词daring意为辨义“大胆的、勇敢的;”bold是其同义词..本题题句的意思为：那个胆大的年轻人骑马穿过那印第安人的村庄试图找到他那走失了很久的妹妹..辨义：B．cowardly怯懦的；C．persistent坚持不懈的；D．caring关心人的..18．选D..Did you suspect that the entire episode was an elaborate deception这句话的意思是：你可曾想到整个段落情节是一个精心设计的骗局句中画线词deception的意思是“欺骗..”其含义与选项D．hoax相近..故D为正确答案..辨义：A．decision决定；B．death死亡；C．invitation 邀请..19．选C..画线词defect是B．effect．的反义词;C．weakness的近义词..本题题句的意思是：对自己的能力缺乏信心是迈克个性中的一个主要弱点..正确答案为 C..辨义：其他词的含义是：A．defeat战胜、击败；D．device设计、装置..20．选B..画线词defy的意思为：不顾；不予理睬..与选项B．oppose “反对”为同义词..本题题句的意思为：约翰继续反对他的老板..辨义：A．avoid避免；C．admire赞赏、敬佩；D．guide指导..Section B21..选 A..填词题的做题窍门在于先要读懂题意..本题题句Numerous experiments have demonstrated that mass is_____ to energy的意思是：无数的实验已经证明;质量可以转换为能量..需要填全的词必定得是一个含义与句意相通的形容词..在这里就应当是选项A．convertible;即“可转换的”..辨义：B．exchangeable可交换的；C．transplantable可移植的；D．conceivable可相信的;可设想出来的..22．选A..本题题句In October of this year our Party will_____ its Thirteenth National Congress 的意思为：今年十月我们党要召开十三大了..在这四个选项中;只有A．convene表示“召开”之意..故为正确答案..辨义：B．assemble集合；C．gather集中；D．meet会面..23．选B..本题题意为：自从20世纪30年代早期;瑞士银行就以自己的保密体系和带密码的存折而自豪..在其4个选项中;只有pride;表示“以……自豪;使自豪;使自夸等”..其固定搭配为pride oneself on something;“以……自豪”..做名词时固定搭配为take pride in something..故答案为B..24．选B..本题题意为：传统上从来不让外国学生久留和工作的国家;如德国和英国;在信息技术方面都面临着劳动力_____ 缺乏的问题;因而放松了移民法..A．cuts“裁减；”B．shortages “短缺；”C．weaknesses“弱点；”D．imports“进口..”故答案为B..25．选C..本题题句A series of _____scandals led to the fall of the government的意思为：一系列贪污腐化事件导致政府垮台..C. corruption的意思是：“腐败;道德败坏..”应为正确选项..辨义：A．degradation贬职、降级；B．degeneracy衰退、退化、破坏；D．subversion颠覆.. 26．选A..本题题句Could you possibly_____ me at the next committee meeting的意思是：你能否在下一次会议上塞鲎我一下本句中要求判断出一些读短语动词的用法来..辨义：A．stand in for sb．“站在……的一方”..辨义：B．make up for弥补;补足；C．fall back On求助于；D．keepin with继续与某人保持友好..根据句意;A为正确答案..27．选C..本题题句The old scientist decided to move to his country home _____ his advanced age and poor health．的大致意思应当是：考虑到年事已高;健康状况不佳;这位老科学家决定搬回农村居住..句中缺少的部分应表示原因..选项C．on account of考虑到;由于;因为就应是首选..辨义：A．in the interest of由于对……的兴趣；B．as a result of由于……的结果；D．in support of支持;拥护..28．选B..本题题句_____ of the financial crisis;all they could do was hold on and hope that;things would improve的意思是：鉴于_____ 到金融危机的了顶点;他们所能做到的就是忍耐并希望事情有所好转..句中的空缺处填上……的定点..即B．At the height;在……的顶点..其他词义辨义：A．At the bottom“在……的低谷”；C．on the top “在……的顶部”；D．In the end最终..故根据句意;B为正确答案..29．选A..本题题句Bill looked everywhere for his dictionary but _____ had to return home without it．的意思是：比尔到处找自己的字典;但_____ 最后不得不空手而归..辨义：A．in the end“最后;终于”；B．at the end;一般用做at the end of;意思是“在……结尾;在……末端”；C．in the finish不是短语;正确的短语应为at the finish;意思是“在最后”；D．at the last也不是短语;正确的短语应为at last;意思是“最后”..故根据句意;A为正确答案..30．选A..本题题句We are prepared to overlook the error on this occasion _____your previous good work的意思是：我们已准备_____ 按照你先前做出的卓越研究来考察在这种情况下可能出现的错误..辨义：A．in the light of鉴于;由于..其意正合题意语境的需要..B．thanks to多亏;幸亏；C．with a view to着眼于;以……目的；D．with regard to关于..因此;句意显示A为正确答案..Part III Reading ComprehensionPassage 0ne短文大意本文讲述了the Robotic Rover Spirit机器人海魂号对火星一岩石样本的取样后;科学家对它进行的研究..题目精解31．选B..本文第一段末句即指明the robotic rover Spirit began investigating the rock用的是with two science instruments and a microscopic camera．32．选D..这是一道文句大意重述题..因为they were glad to see the results就等于说But they were．．．pleased;而后半句and puzzled over the soil test results就等于说他们对这些土壤的特征还感到无法理解;也就等于说they can’t explain them..因为puzzled over的意思就是“对……迷惑不解..”33．选C..本文第六段Olivine第一次出现后;即用一个非限定性定语从句对其进行解释：which contains oxygen．iron and magnesium;is often found in volcanic rocks．由此可知正确答案为C.. 34．选A..本题定位在第五段：X-rays emitted by the surface soil indicated a chemical composition mainly of silicon and iron;with smaller amounts of sulfur;chlorine and argon.35．选B..本题定位在全文末段末句：Nothing collapsed;leading Dr．Squyres to ask what force was responsible for holding them together．36．选D..本文首段指出the robotic rover Spirit开始在火星上研究一块岩石样本;接着展开叙述科学家对它的研究..Passage Two短文大意本文介绍了鸟类鸣声随所在地域不同而有所不同的特性;并通过Kroodsma大体介绍了这种差异形成的原因..题目精解37．选A..从本文第二段中Birds that live on the boundary between two dialects or that spend time in different areas can become“bilingual”定位..38．选C..题干定位在第二段倒数第二句rapid cultural evolution within each generation紧接着说明This kind of song evolution is found in whales but;up until now; rarely in birds.39．选D..在第四段对话中;With these birds;if we find differences in their songs from place to place;it means that the DNA has changed too;表明选项A是正确的;这段对话的末句you get these striking differences from place to place because the birds have learned the local dialect说明选项C是正确的;综合两个选项;选择D..40．选C..猜测词义题..题干出现在SA的第三次发问中．;通过阅读DK的回答;because they are thrown together with different birds every few months from all over the geographic range;可知答案为C..41．选B..题干出现在全文末句;是一个由wish引导的虚拟句;可知DK在目前还不知道这个答案;故应选B..42．选C..本题属定标题..从最后一段引述DK的话;即“So I think for nomadic birds like Sedge Wrens;because they are thrown together with different birds every few months from all over the geographic range;they don’t bother to imitate the songs of their immediate neighbors They make up some kind of generalized song;or rather the instructions in their DNA allow them to improvise this very Sedge Wren-y song．”可以看出这篇对话的主旨是研究鸟的呜声与其所处的地理环境及其邻居的关系的..Passage Three短文大意耶鲁大学的物理学家Robert Adair指出;在棒球运动中;外野手如果想准确地接着球就不能仅仅依靠视觉信息;而必须根据球击在木质球棒上的声音来及早判断球会飞行多远..题目精解43．选A..具体细节题..解题的信息在第2段第2句话：If he relied purely upon visual information;the fielder would have to wait for about one-and-a-half seconds before he could tell accurately if the pitcher hit the ball long or short．44．选A..第3段中有这样的描述“If I heard a crack I ran out．．．”防守队员向外跑;说明击球手击出的是一记长球..45．选C..具体细节题..见第5段第2句话：Balls hit on the sweet spot generate fewer energy-sapping vibration in the bat;allowing greater energy transfer t0 the ball．46．选C..Adair在最后一段指出;铅质球棒无论球击在何处发出的都是同样的一声“呼”.. 47．选B..在第一段第一句就提到;“Experienced baseball fielders can tell how far a ball is going to travel Just by listening to the crack of the bat．If they didn’t;they wouldn’t stand a chance of catching it”;有经验的棒球外野手可以通过倾听球拍的击打声来分辨球的运动距离;而无法做到这一点的话;则有可能把握不住接球的机会..所以A是正确的..在第二段提到;“If he relied purely upon visual information．．．the ball may have traveled too far for him to each it in time·”所以B不正确;应该为visual而不是sound information..第三段中;“The difference between the crack and clunk．．．could mean a difference in running distance of as much as 30 meters”;所以C 正确..第四段最后一句提到;“Conversely;mishit balls make the bat vibrate strongly and SO donot travel as far．”相反地;如果没有击中sweet spot的话;会使拍子剧烈振动;从而无法击得远;所以D也正确..48．选B..主旨大意题..本文主要讲的是防守队员如何根据球击在木质球棒上的声音来判断球的飞行距离..Passage Four短文大意本文虽然一开头就介绍宇宙学家和星源学家之间的不同之处;但此后都是围绕着星源学家内部对于太阳系起源所持的不同见解展开的..题目精解49．选C..本文讨论的是星源学家之间的争论;关于太阳系的形成根源究竟是否同一物质..所以应该选C最为接近..50．选D..本文第1段提到;1848年Edgar Allen Poe在一次演讲中提到了星源学的奥秘;但不能因为他作过一次演讲就断定他是cosmologist或cosmogonist或lecturer..本题的解题信息在in a new edition of Poe’s prose poem Eureka．51．选C..具体细节题..见第2段第3旬：Cosmologists worry about where the Universe came from;cosmogonists with how the Solar System formed．52．选A..选项A中的completely与文章的内容不符;因为Mercury和Pluto不在这一平面上.. 53．选B..从本文的第4段可以了解到;大多数星源学家把太阳有7．25度倾斜度这一事实归因于太阳物质的损失：Anyway;they add;the Sun has been losing mass for most of its life and may have slipped a little：54．选C..第6段中的Not at all暗指一个倾斜的太阳并不是星源学家们唯一头痛的事情;应该还有许多令他们头疼的事情..Passage Five短文大意本文描述的是目前由于俄罗斯太空急救飞船的承载能力的限制;目前国际空间站的永久成员只能是3个;他们整天忙于空问站的运行与维护;基本上无法进行有益的科学试验..因此美国的NASA正计划利用其他办法增加太空站的人员编制..题目精解55．选C..推断引申题..本文第1段的最后一句中will at last be able to do useful scientific research这一部分暗示目前的3人编制根本无法进行科学试验..56．选A..具体细节题..解题的信息在第2段第一句中的limited by three by the capability of Russian Soyuz capsules that would return them to Earth in an emergency．57．选C..capsule在文中是指太空舱;跟cabin机舱的意思较为接近;所以选C..58．选B..具体细节题..见第3段第2句：But faced with a$5 billion budget overrun;the agency cancelled the project last year..59．选B..本文在第5段描写到;俄罗斯同意把Soyez的使用寿命延长到2006年;但从2006～2010年间国际太空站将没有救生飞船;因此也不会有永久人员..这是a big problem o60．选D..主旨大意题..综合各段的主题句的意思可以看出;本文主要是阐述如何增加国际太空站的人员编制;进行有用的科学研究..Part IV Cloze短文大意本文介绍“否决”..文章通过介绍否决的定义、适用范围、一般规则以及历史上美国总统与国会使用否决权的实例;阐述了这个问题..这一主题在段首句与段尾句中得到了明确的反映..段首句大意：vet0这个英语单词的意思是“我不允许”..开门见山;道出文章的主题..段尾句大意：这些提案中至少有一条已经被他否决了..以下详细讲解各题答案..题目精解61．选B..本题考理解..考生应能读懂本文的第二句是对第一句中“I will not permit”的解释..permit意为“允许”;因此;可知本题词义为“阻止、阻挠”..进一步参照选择项;则可发现A．accept：意为“接受”;C．promote意为“促进、推进”;D．challenge意为“挑战”;B．block 意为“阻挡、阻止”..只有B．block符合veto的含义;是本题正确答案..62．选A..本题考词汇..根据我们对联合国安理会的了解;我们知道联合国安理会是由中、美、英、法、俄五个常任理事国组成;显然;本题词义应为“由…组成”或“包含”..仔细区分四个选择项的差别;发现只有A．has符合文章要求..即联合国安理会有五个常任理事国..干扰项词义：B．consist与D．is made up都含有“由……组成”或“包含”之意..不过;选择项中所给的短语搭配不全..完整的短语形式应该分别为consist of和is made up of..因此;这两项可以排除..C．maintain意为“保持”或“持…观点”;也不符合文章的语意要求..63．选D..从语法角度分析;本题答案为该句主语..根据前文及常识;可以知道在此充当主语的为上述五国..然后根据选择项一一排查..Both意为“两者都”;用来表达双方的情况;但是;此处有五个国家;因此可以排除选择项A..B．All of which虽然可以用以表示“其中所有的”;但通常用于非限定性定语从句句首;而此处为独立的句子;并非从句;因此选择项B．也可排除..C．Ever..y也可以代表全体;但它是形容词;不能做主语..D．Each为代词;意为“每个”;满足了语法和词义两方面的要求;是本题正确答案..64．选B..本题考动词短语辨析..无论单词辨析还是短语辨析;都要以对文章的正确理解为主要依据..A．calling off意为“取消”；C．calling upon意为“号召、召唤”；calling up意为“打电话”；B．calling for意为“要求”;是本题正确答案..本句大意是;英法两国否决了一项要求以色列从埃及领土撤军的议案..65．选D..本题考近义词辨析..根据常识;可以判断此处需要一个形容词;表示“平常的、通常的、普通的”;修饰use..A．normal“正常的、规范的”;不符合文章要求;可以首先排除..由于其他各项的中文释义都带有“一般、普通的”含义;需要进一步辨别它们之间在语义侧重上的细微差别..B．ordinary质量、品质“一般化、普通”;针对特殊的或特别实例而言;即“没有什么特别之处”的意思；C．average指中等水平的;针对较高或较低水平而言“不高不低”；Dmon“平常的、通常的”;针对事情发生的频度而言;即“常见的”之意..66．选D..本题考语法..选择项提供了动词的四种形式..在甄别正确答案时;应考虑使用谓语或非谓语动词;即选择A或D;还是选择B或C；现在时还是过去时;即：选择A或C还是B;以及单数即选择项D或复数动词即选择项A几个方面..首先;显然应选择谓语动词形式;即排除现在分词选项C．providing for..然后排除过去时选项B．provided for;因为文章所谈论的是美国现行宪法..最后;由于主语“美国宪法”是单数;故再排除A．provide for;正确答案为D．provides for..67．选C..本句紧接前句..根据副词aIso也的提示;本句仍然讨论同一个话题;主语也仍然是美国宪法..故正确答案为C．Const;itution..68．选C..本题考序数词的拼写形式..C．tWO—thirds为唯一的正确答案..69．选B..本题考情态动词的用法;而情态动词的选择主要取决于对文章的理解..此处讲述的是：在总统使用否决权后;国会议案成为法律的先决条件是两院都必须投票推翻总统的否决..作为立法程序;此处需要用明确、强硬的情态动词来描述;因此答案为B．must;即“必须”..干扰项A．may和C．can都表示可能性;D．will则表示“将会”之意..70．选C..本题考时态..在谈到历史上的美国总统多次否决国会提案的问题时;没有明确的时间状语;显然本句信息的焦点在于总统否决国会提案的影响与后果..况且紧随其后的句子也用了现在完成时;支持了本题应该使用现在完成时的判断..71．选C..本题考副词的应用..对副词的选择主要基于对文章的理解..如上所述;美国历史上总统曾否决过2 500个国会议案;而国会否决总统的否决则只有104次..两个数字如此悬殊;可见;形容国会否决总统次数的副词应该是C．0nly;意为“仅仅”..干扰项词义：A．possibly“可能”；B．even “甚至”；D．simply“简单地、只不过”..72．选D..本题考固定用法..从四个选择项分析;此处所要的词义应该是“后期、晚期”;即“18世纪后期”..英语中对晚期或后期的表达用te和early用法举例：He was born in the late 1950s and was in his early for’ties when he star..ted the shoe business．他出生于20世纪50年代后期..在他开始经营制鞋业时已经四十出头了..73．选D..本题考语篇理解能力..需填写词为动词;所带宾语为the size and cost of the federal government;即联邦政府的规模及其开支..问题在于此处指“扩大”还是“削减”政府的规模或开支..答案可以从下文中得到：在陈述Clinton总统观点时用了cut一词;即“削减”..可见此处当填D．reduce..干扰项词义：A．change“改变”；B．maintain“保持”；C．increase “增加”..74．选D..本题考动词短语..选择动词短语的依据来自对语篇连贯线索的确切理解..下文提到C1inton持有different ideas;即他与国会的意见有分歧;因此答案为D．agree with同意某人的意见、想法..干扰项用法解析：A．agree upon和B．agree on表示“在某件事上取得一致意见”;C．agree to后接动词不定式..用法举例：I don’t agree with you on this point．我不同意你的这个观点..He finally agreed to participate in the experiment．他最终同意了参加实验..至此;全部答案已做完..考生应再重新通读全文;以挑剔的眼光审视所做答案;看它们是否达到了在结构和内容上圆满还原短文的目的..75．选B..本题考宾语从句..前一句提到Clinton总统观点时用了部分否定的句式;即Clinton 总统不完全同意国会关于精简政府和削减开支的意见..换言之;Clinton的总体意见是同意精简政府和削减开支;但在具体细节上与国会有分歧..从下文中可以看到;他们之间的分歧在于“精简哪些部门parts of government”以及“精简的幅度by how much”..因此;先排除C．whose;因为whose parts of government的提法不合逻辑；然后排除不符合“总体上赞成国会意见”的选项;即A．why和D．that；最后确认B．what为正确答案..what parts of government意为“政府的哪些部门”..本句大意：对于国会的计划Clinton总统并非全部赞同;他在政府的哪些部门应该被精简以及开支应削减多少这些问题上持不同观点..Part I TranslationPaper TwoSection A题目精解注意此段短文翻译中被动语态的翻译;并注意句子之间的连贯性..1．本句翻译时;要注意条件状语从句中“If an occupation census had been taken…it would…”的翻译;此句为非真实条件句;表达虚拟语气;应译为“如果……的话;也许会……”;同时要注意定语从句“who drew…”的翻译;应翻译为独立的句子..由于英汉两种语言结构类似;应采用对等翻译法直接翻译..2．本句翻译时;虽然没有条件状语引导词if;但此句所表达的意思相当于非真实条件状语;因此;“…would have revealed．．．”表达虚拟语气;应译为“如果……的话;就会……”;同时要注意过去分词“taken．．．”;“unpaved．．．”和“separated．．．”的翻译;应视为过去分词做定语..由于英汉两种语言结构类似;应采用对等翻译法直接翻译..3．本句翻译时;虽然没有条件状语引导词if;但此句所表达的意思相当于非真实条件状语;因此;“would show…”表达虚拟语气;应译为“如果……的话;就会……”;同时要注意过去分词“taken…”的翻译;应视为过去分词做定语..由于英汉两种语言结构类似;应采用对等翻译法直接翻译..4．本句翻译时;虽然没有条件状语引导词if;但此句所表达的意思相当于非真实条件状语;因此;“would be…”表达虚拟语气;应译为“应该会有……”;同时要注意现在分词“carrying…”的翻译;应视为过去分词做定语;但译成汉语时;采用增词法;要译为一个句子..同时;要注意定语从句“which had．．．”的翻译;应译为一个独立句..由于英汉两种语言结构类似;应采用对等翻译法直接翻译..参考译文：1．如果在11世纪作一项职业调查的话;也许会发现;竞有90％的人住在农村;依靠农耕、放牧、捕鱼或靠采伐谋生..2．当时如果航拍一张照片的话;可以看到未经铺设的道路连接的散落村子;中间隔着一片片的森林或沼泽..3．十四世纪中叶所拍的第二张照片可以看到;村庄越来越多了;而且散开了;因为欧洲人通过开辟新的土地;将边疆扩大了..4．道路上和江海上往来的人多了;他们把粮食或原料运往城镇..城镇的数目多了;规模大了;重要性也增加了..5．其次;这一广阔地区的居民无法用我们的标准模式去进行划分;他们也不是一成不变.. Section B题目精解注意此段短文翻译中修辞手法的翻译;并注意句子之问的连贯性..此短文中;句子“这让我觉得很新鲜”译成英语时;要注意汉语的后重心和英语的前重心特点;翻译时要采用句型转换法来翻译;故译为“I find it refreshing that…”..参考译文：As a jazz lover; I find it refreshing that many Chinese pop stars are beginning to be influenced by jazz; and are including jazzy rhythms and harmonies in their songs. However; incorporating jazz elements into pop music does not make it jazz; any more than putting chili pepper into a MacDonald's hamburger turns it into Sichuan cuisine.Part II参考作文Can We Profit More from Computer and InternetComputer and Internet are said to be the biggest wonders ever made by man. They have brought us enormous profits and convenience. But so far still not many Chinese can get access to them. What is the real problemIn my opinion; it involves two sides. The first side lies in the computer and Internet workers. Though technically quite advanced in China; the system is far from being popular for ordinary users. For example; in the west; people can do many kinds of professional jobs at home.E-business and online libraries become a common social service. When traveling; people can book flight tickets and hotel rooms online. Yet; most of Chinese users use the system just to send emails or play games. The other side comes from the traditional opinion on the online practice.Many people prefer to read the newspapers to online news. Therefore; I would like to suggest that online technology should be made more popular for general users to increase their materialspiritual wealth more efficiently.。
天空造物巧安排译成英文
天空造物巧安排译成英文Celestial Tapestry: The Exquisite Masterstrokes of Nature.Beneath the celestial canvas, where celestial bodies dance in a cosmic symphony, there exists a tapestry of wonders that defies human comprehension. From ethereal cloudscapes to vibrant celestial bodies, the heavens ceaselessly captivate, inspiring awe and contemplation.Celestial Choreography.The celestial ballet unfolds with the stately procession of planets, gracefully orbiting the radiant Sun. Each celestial sphere, like a celestial pearl, follows an intricate path, guided by the invisible hand of gravity. The Moon, a celestial companion to Earth, rhythmically waxes and wanes, casting its ethereal glow upon the nocturnal scene.Asteroids, celestial wanderers, traverse the cosmos, remnants of cosmic collisions. Their trajectories, like celestial breadcrumbs, hint at the chaotic origins of our solar system. Comets, celestial time travelers, blaze across the celestial abyss, their ethereal tails trailing behind like celestial banners. Meteors, shooting stars that ignite the night, are cosmic fragments that penetrateEarth's atmosphere, creating fleeting celestial fireworks.Celestial Spectacles.The heavens are not merely a stage for celestial bodies but also a venue for astronomical phenomena that dazzle and inspire. Solar eclipses, celestial curtain calls, occur when the Moon interposes itself between the Sun and Earth, casting a momentary shadow upon our planet. The Sun, a celestial spotlight, reveals its magnificent corona, a radiant halo that ordinarily remains concealed.Lunar eclipses, celestial full moons, unfold when Earth intercedes between the Sun and Moon, blocking the Sun's rays. The Moon, bathed in the Earth's shadow, acquires acoppery hue, a celestial spectacle that has captivated civilizations for millennia.Stellar Symphony.Beyond our solar system, the Milky Way, a celestial river of stars, stretches across the night sky, its countless celestial orbs forming a celestial tapestry. Stars, celestial beacons, twinkle with unwavering brilliance, their light traversing interstellar distances to reach our eyes.Binary stars, celestial partnerships, revolve around a common center of gravity, their gravitational dance a cosmic ballet. Nebulae, celestial nurseries, shimmer with ethereal beauty, their glowing gas clouds giving birth to nascent stars. Black holes, celestial enigmas, lurk in the cosmos, their gravitational pull so intense that even light cannot escape.Cosmic Tapestry.The cosmos, in all its celestial grandeur, is a profound reminder of our place within the vastness of the universe. The heavens, an eternal canvas, showcase the exquisite artistry of nature, inviting us to marvel at the cosmic ballet that unfolds above our heads.From celestial bodies to celestial phenomena, from the familiar stars to the distant galaxies, the heavens are a source of wonder, inspiration, and contemplation. As we gaze up at the celestial tapestry, we are humbled by its beauty and awed by its timeless mystery.。
假如你是一名宇航员英语作文初二
假如你是一名宇航员英语作文初二全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1If I Were an AstronautWoohoo! Imagine if I was an astronaut! That would be like the coolest job ever. I'd get to fly high up into outer space and see the Earth from way out there. From what I've learned in science class, the Earth looks like a big beautiful blue and green marble when you view it from space. I wish I could take a selfie from up there - that would get so many likes on Instagram!As an astronaut, I'd get to put on one of those puffy white spacesuits and helmets. The suit would have to be pressurized to allow me to breathe and protect me from the vacuum of space. Maybe I could customize it a little and get them to put some cool designs or racing stripes on it. That would make it way more awesome than the plain old boring white suits.The ride up to space on a rocket would be insane! I've seen videos of rocket launches and they look terrifying but also amazing at the same time. Just the massive amount of fire and power from those engines must make your whole body shake. Iwonder if I'd be able to eat anything beforehand or if theg-forces would make me puke. Probably best to skip breakfast on launch day!Once in space, I could look out the windows and see the stars and planets really clearly without any atmosphere getting in the way. I've always dreamed of floating around weightlessly like they do on the International Space Station. It looks so fun doing flips and just drifting wherever you push off. Although being stuck in a tiny little capsule for weeks at a time might get old after a while. I'd need to bring my Xbox or something to keep me entertained.Maybe I could even go outside and do a spacewalk! Can you imagine putting on another even bigger spacesuit and going outside of the spacecraft? Just holding onto a safety tether would be the only thing connecting me to the station as I glimpse the dark void of space around me. One Inadvertent push and I could end up drifting off into nothingness forever. No thanks, I'd want to double-check all those tethers and oxygen hoses beforehand!Conducting experiments and doing science up there would be fascinating though. Examining how different materials and liquids behave in microgravity could unlock all kinds of newdiscoveries. Or running tests to analyze samples from asteroids or other planets could help us better understand the origins of our solar system. I'm not exactly a brainiac, but I'd definitely pick up some cool skills.I wonder what it would be like trying to use the bathroom in space? Having no gravity to help things along seems like it could get pretty messy. At least on the space station they have special low-flush toilets and vacuum devices to help control the, uh, debris. I'd hate to be the unlucky guy who has to clean those after the astronauts use them. Imagine getting stuck with that chore!Speaking of chores, I bet all the astronauts have to pitch in with simple duties like housekeeping, cooking meals, and maintaining all the equipment. You couldn't just lie around like a lump - those guys and gals are true heroes and professionals who work as a team day in and day out. I'd likely get homesick missing my family, my dog Buddy, and all the comforts of Earth like pizza, TV shows, and hanging out with friends. But what an incredible, once-in-a-lifetime experience it would be!I guess coming back to Earth and experiencing extremeg-forces again during re-entry would be terrifying too. The capsule gets unbelievably hot from air friction during that fieryplummet back through the atmosphere. If everything went right though, I'd get to have an amazing ocean splashdown and then be retrieved by awaiting rescue ships. Or maybe I could land on solid ground with the help of parachutes like they did in the olden days. Either way, I'm sure I'd be freezing my butt off and ready for some nice warm blankets and Earth food.When I finally made it back to friends and family, can you imagine how many awesome stories I'd have to tell them? I could show them videos of me floating in zero gravity or pics of me hanging out in the space station's observation dome. I'd be like a celebrity for a little while until the novelty wore off. Teachers would probably ask me to come talk at school assemblies about my journey too. I could speak about the teamwork, perseverance, and childhood dreams of exploration that drove me to overcome challenges and achieve that goal. Kids would go nuts for that motivational stuff, at least for a few minutes before they got bored and started fidgeting in their seats again.Yup, being an astronaut would be an out-of-this-world experience full of unforgettable thrills and extraordinary accomplishments. It would have to be one of the most epic adventures a person could ever undertake in their lifetime. I'd get to be a real-life explorer venturing into the mysteries of thecosmos while also advancing humanity's scientific knowledge. Maybe if I studied really hard, maintained an insatiable curiosity about the universe, and never gave up on my dreams, I could make that far-out fantasy into a reality someday. Astronaut applications start now!篇2If I Were an AstronautWow, can you even imagine how awesome it would be to be an astronaut? To blast off into space in a huge rocket, leaving Earth behind and traveling to other worlds? That would be the best job ever! I've dreamed about it since I was a little kid.First of all, just think about getting to ride in the rocket ship itself on launch day. That must be simultaneously the most exciting and the most terrifying experience. I can picture it now - I'd put on my bulky white spacesuit complete with helmet and oxygen tank. Then I'd get strapped into my seat aboard the spacecraft along with the other astronauts. My heart would be pounding with anticipation as the final countdown commenced..."5..4..3..2..1...Liftoff!"The powerful engines would roar to life, pushing the rocket up into the sky with incredible force. The acceleration would bemind-blowing - I've been on lots of roller coasters but nothing could compare to that sudden burst of extreme G-forces. As we climbed higher and higher, I'd be pushed back into my seat feeling like I weighed a thousand pounds. The Earth would quickly shrink until it became a tiny blue marble suspended in the blackness of space. What an incredible view that would be!Once we achieved orbit, I could finally unbuckle and begin floating in zero gravity. That would be so much fun - imagine the games of anti-gravity tag we astronauts could play, zooming back and forth through the modules! I'd have to be careful not to bump into something and go spinning out of control. I wonder if the food would be good up there or if it would all befreeze-dried ice cream and powdered drinks? Either way, just being in space would be a total thrill.Depending on the mission, perhaps I'd get to go outside the spacecraft and experience a spacewalk. Can you picture it - leaving the relative safety of the interior, venturing out the airlock, and finding myself completely untethered, just my suit protecting me from the vacuum? I'd need to use jet packers on my back to propel myself around. That would be both incredibly exhilarating and terrifying at the same time, drifting among thestars with no gravity to hold me down. I'd have to be super careful not to accidentally let go and go spinning off into infinity!If I was really lucky, maybe I'd even get to travel to the Moon or Mars as part of my astronaut duties. Just imagine walking across the surface of an alien world, bouncing around in low gravity. On the Moon, I could jump so high with each step and just hang there suspended against the black sky speckled with brilliant stars. Or on Mars, I'd get to explore the reddish rocky plains and towering canyons up close, being one of the first humans ever to set foot there. How inspirational that would be!Of course, spending long periods in space wouldn't be all fun and games. It would probably get pretty lonely and boring at times, being confined to the small living quarters for months on end. And I'd miss all my family, friends, pets, and my comfy bed back home. I can't even imagine having to use the spacecraft's tiny bathroom or take a sponge bath for half a year! Plus there would be a lot of hard work and chores to do just to operate the spacecraft's systems and conduct experiments. But putting up with a few downsides would definitely be worth it for theonce-in-a-lifetime experience.Another super cool part of being an astronaut is getting to meet people from all over the world and being internationallyfamous. The astronauts from the Apollo missions like Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became household names everywhere after their moonwalks. So many people would recognize me in public, want autographs, and be totally in awe and respect what I did for a living. I'd be more famous than movie stars or rock stars!I bet I'd even get to meet important people like the President or royalty from other countries. Can't you see it - a big fancy reception at the White House in my honor after returning from a history-making mission? Everyone would want to hear stories about what it was like living in zero-g, looking down at the Earth from above, or walking on another planet. The whole world would be captivated by my incredible experiences. I'd get to go on talk shows, write books, give speeches, you name it - and get paid a ton of money too!Of course, I'd have to put in a ton of hard work and training first before ever getting to experience the astronaut life. It takes super-smart and dedicated people to have the right stuff to make space travel happen. I'd have to take a ton of advanced science, math and engineering courses throughout school and college. Flying lessons wouldn't hurt either, since having excellent pilot skills is a must. And I'd need to meticulously studyall the complicated systems, procedures, and safety protocols for living and working in spacecraft. Whew, I'd definitely be kept busy!But the hardest part may be dealing with all the long years of intense physical and mental preparation before each mission. Astronauts have to be in peak physical condition to withstand the extreme stresses of launch and re-entry. I'd need to work out for hours each day doing strength training, running, swimming, you name it - until I was an absolutely ripped fitness machine. No way could I slack off on the Twinkies! The training facilities would include huge swimming pools for practicing spacewalks and machines to simulate the bone-crushing G-forces of blastoff. Many, many grueling hours would be spent strapped into simulators, practicing emergency scenarios over and over until the procedures were 100% memorized under even the highest stress loads.So while being an astronaut would be an unbelievable thrill, it would also involve an incredible amount of sacrifice, discipline, risk, and hard work to get there. Not just anyone could handle the intense preparation, Much less muster the extraordinary courage required to strap yourself atop millions of pounds of explosive rocket fuel! Every launch puts you just a Mathematicalerror or technical glitch away from blowing up into a million pieces. Yeesh, no thanks, I'll stick to flying window seats on commercial jets!Still, if I was ever given the opportunity to go through all that massively intense training and had the right stuff required, you'd better believe I'd jump at it. To actually get to experience human spaceflight firsthand, play a key role in scientific exploration, and join the elite ranks of just a few hundred people who have journeyed beyond our planet - that would make all the brutal preparation and risks totally worth it. Every kid dreams of rocketing into outer space like an adventure hero, so how amazing would it be to make that implausible fantasy into my real life achievements? Getting to be one of the few who have ventured to the boundless frontier of space and experienced what so few humans ever will - now that would be a supreme life accomplishment! So yeah, sign me up - I'll start training to become an astronaut tomorrow!篇3If I Were an AstronautHave you ever dreamed of traveling to space and walking on the Moon? I sure have! Ever since I was a little kid, I've beentotally obsessed with space exploration. I think it would be the coolest job ever to be an astronaut.Just imagine suiting up in one of those puffy white spacesuits and climbing aboard a massive rocket ship. The rocket rumbles and shakes as the engines ignite with an incredible roar. Slowly at first, but then faster and faster, you start accelerating upwards until you finally break free of Earth's gravity and soar out into the inky blackness of space!Looking back, our planet would appear perfectly round and beautiful hanging in the void, with swirling clouds and blue oceans. No borders between countries can be seen from up there. Just one world for all of humanity to share and protect. What an incredible view that must be!After a couple days of travel, maybe you'd get to walk on the Moon! You'd open up the airlock and bounce down the ladder onto the dusty lunar surface in lower gravity. Every jump would be a huge hop, and you could probably throw a baseball miles and miles. Just be careful not to wander too far or use up too much oxygen from your tanks before heading back inside the lander.Living and working in a space station would be a very unique experience too. Imagine how fun it would be to spend weeks ormonths in weightlessness, with things floating everywhere! You could swim through the air just by gently pushing off a wall. Eating and drinking would be a messy affair though, with food crumbs and liquid bubbles drifting all around you unless you were very tidy.But being an astronaut is not all just floating around and goofing off up there. Important science experiments and maintenance tasks need to be done every day. For example, you might run tests to see how different materials or plants grow in the low gravity of space. Or you could operate the robotic arm to grab incoming supply ships or deploy satellites. Teamwork and discipline are absolutely critical when lives are at stake hundreds of miles above Earth.One of the most dangerous but amazing experiences would be going outside on a spacewalk to repair something on the exterior of the station. Can you picture yourself putting on a massively heavy spacesuit and luxury mankini, then climbing through an airlock into the vacuum of space itself? With the sun shining brightly overhead and the blackness of forever surrounding you, each sweeping vista of stars and planets revolving calmly far below would be breathtaking. Everymovement would be strenuous too as you'd have to anchoring yourself carefully to avoid drifting off into oblivion.I can't even imagine how terrifying it would be if something went wrong on a spacewalk and you got stranded out there all alone. Floating endlessly until your oxygen ran out would definitely not be a pleasant way to go. So you'd really have to stay focused and not panic if any malfunctions happened. The key would be remaining calm, double checking procedures, and calling the main station for assistance right away. Having ice water in your veins under pressure is an essential astronaut quality.Living in space for a long time would be extremely challenging in other ways too. Like staying fit and healthy in low gravity where your muscles and bones could deteriorate. Or going months with no fresh food and having to eat packaged or freeze dried meals every day. Not to mention the isolation and confinement of being trapped in a relatively small area for weeks on end! You'd miss feeling the warmth of the sun, the smells of nature, and the company of family and friends back home. So while it's an incredible opportunity, space travel also requires a lot of personal sacrifice and inner mental toughness.But perhaps the biggest challenge of all would be coming back to Earth after an extended stay in space. Your body would have became accustomed to the weightless environment, so gravity would feel super heavy again at first. Like wearing a lead weight suit all over! You'd have to relearn how to walk and do basic things until you readjusted. Going from the silence of space back into our noisy, crowded world could also be a real shock to the senses. So much commotion and overstimulation everywhere you look. It's no wonder some astronauts say the toughest part of any space mission is actually just returning to normal life on Earth.Still, even with all those difficulties, I would absolutely jump at the chance to journey into space. Just think about being among the privileged few humans who have witnessed our planet in all its glory from above! Getting to float around playfully in zero gravity and gaze upon the infinite wonders of the universe up close would be simply magical. Every day would be a new adventure full of amazing sights, childlike fun, and vitally important endeavors too. While it's an incredibly dangerous career with huge risks, the chance to explore new frontiers is a sacrifice I'd happily make.So yeah, becoming an astronaut would be my absolute dream job without a doubt. The wonders of spaceflight and working to expand humanity's horizons make all the challenges worth it in my book. Just the thought of one day leaving footprints somewhere other than Earth gives me chills! Who knows, future generations may eventually travel to Mars, asteroids, or even other star systems. But those hugely ambitious first steps all start with the trailblazing space pioneers today. Maybe if I work really hard and never stop reaching for the stars, I could be one of them someday. Soap Kid Astronaut extraordinaire, exploring the cosmic ocean for the sake of human knowledge. Now how awesome would that be?。
有关星星之火可以撩原的英语作文
有关星星之火可以撩原的英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Starlight Romance: The Spark that Ignites HeartsIn the vast expanse of the night sky, amidst the twinkling stars that dot the darkness, there exists a magical phenomenon that has captivated the hearts of countless souls for centuries - the phenomenon of starlight romance. Often considered a fleeting moment of connection between two individuals, starlight romance is said to be ignited by the spark of a shooting star, a shared gaze under the shimmering sky, or a whispered confession of love beneath the celestial canopy.The origins of starlight romance can be traced back to ancient legends and folklore, where it was believed that the stars held the power to bring people together and kindle the flames of passion. In some cultures, starlight romance is seen as a symbol of destiny, with the alignment of the stars foretelling the union of two souls. In others, it is believed that the wishes made upon a shooting star will be granted, leading to eternal love and happiness.In modern times, starlight romance has taken on a new meaning, with couples around the world gazing up at the night sky in search of that special moment of connection. Whether it be a romantic date under the stars, a proposal set against the backdrop of a meteor shower, or a quiet moment of reflection on the beauty of the universe, starlight romance continues to inspire and awe those who experience it.But what is it about the stars that has the power to ignite hearts and stir emotions? Perhaps it is the vastness of the cosmos, reminding us of our own small place in the universe and the fleeting nature of our existence. Or maybe it is the beauty and mystery of the stars themselves, their twinkling lights inviting us to dream and imagine endless possibilities.Regardless of the reason, one thing is clear - starlight romance is a magical and enchanting phenomenon that has the power to bring people together, kindle the flames of passion, and create lasting memories that will be cherished for a lifetime. So the next time you find yourself beneath a starlit sky, take a moment to gaze up at the twinkling lights above and let the magic of starlight romance ignite your heart.篇2Starlight can arouse original fireThe night sky is filled with countless twinkling stars, each one like a tiny fire burning in the darkness. This celestial beauty has captivated humans for centuries, inspiring poets, artists, and dreamers to gaze at the heavens in wonder. But more than just a source of beauty and inspiration, stars have also played a crucial role in the development of human culture and civilization.In ancient times, people relied on the stars to navigate the seas, track the seasons, and predict the weather. The movement of the stars across the sky was seen as a divine dance, with each twinkling light representing a god or goddess watching over the world. The Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans all worshipped celestial beings, attributing their victories and defeats to the whims of the heavens.As humanity evolved and advanced, our understanding of the stars grew as well. Astronomers like Galileo and Copernicus used early telescopes to observe the night sky with greater detail, proving that the Earth revolved around the sun and not the other way around. This revolutionary discovery shook the foundations of society, challenging centuries-old beliefs and opening up new possibilities for exploration and discovery.Today, we continue to look to the stars for guidance and inspiration. Scientists study the light emitted by distant stars to learn more about the origins of the universe, while artists and poets continue to be inspired by the beauty and mystery of the night sky. Whether we are searching for new planets or writing love poems under the moonlight, the stars continue to ignite our imaginations and fuel our passions.In conclusion, starlight has the power to spark the original fire within each of us. Whether we are navigating the seas, exploring the cosmos, or simply gazing up at the night sky, the stars remind us of the wonder and beauty of the world around us. As long as there are stars in the sky, there will always be a source of light and inspiration for humanity to follow.篇3Starlight can ignite the original passionThe phrase "starlight can ignite the original passion" is a well-known saying that resonates with people across the world. It speaks to the power of inspiration and motivation that we can draw from the beauty and wonder of the night sky. In this essay, we will explore the meaning behind this saying and how it can apply to our lives.The beauty of the night sky, with its twinkling stars and shimmering constellations, has long captivated the human imagination. For centuries, people have looked up at the stars and felt a sense of awe and wonder at the vastness and beauty of the universe. In many cultures, the stars have been seen as a source of guidance and inspiration, guiding travelers across the seas and offering hope in times of darkness.But beyond their symbolic significance, the stars also have a more practical impact on our lives. The light that reaches us from distant stars has traveled across vast distances of space and time, illuminating the night sky and filling us with wonder. This light can serve as a reminder of the beauty and mystery of the universe, inspiring us to reach for the stars in our own lives.When we look up at the night sky and see the stars twinkling above us, we are reminded of the infinite possibilities that lie before us. Just as the stars shine brightly in the darkness of the night, so too can we find strength and inspiration in times of challenge and adversity. The saying "starlight can ignite the original passion" reminds us that even in our darkest moments, we can find a spark of hope and motivation to keep going.The idea that starlight can ignite the original passion is a powerful one, as it speaks to the transformative power ofinspiration and motivation. Just as a single spark can ignite a fire, so too can a moment of inspiration set us on a path toward greatness. When we look up at the stars and feel their beauty and wonder, we are reminded of our own potential to shine brightly in the world.In conclusion, the saying "starlight can ignite the original passion" reminds us of the power of inspiration and motivation in our lives. When we look up at the stars and feel their beauty and wonder, we are reminded of the infinite possibilities that lie before us. We are inspired to reach for the stars and pursue our dreams with passion and determination. So let us always remember to look up at the night sky and let the starlight ignite the original passion within us.。
TOEFL Junior 阅读教材
TOEFL Junior 阅读教材TOEFL JuniorReading Comprehension1目录1 TOEFL Junior 阅读宏观综述 Introduction to TOEFL Junior Reading Comprehension (3)2 TOEFL Junior 阅读题型介绍 ..................................................................... (3)2.1 词汇题 ..................................................................... . (3)2.2 事实信息题 ..................................................................... .. (4)2.3 否定事实信息题 ..................................................................... (6)2.4 指代题 ..................................................................... . (7)2.5 修辞目的题 ..................................................................... .. (9)2.6 推断题 ..................................................................... .. (10)2.7 主旨题 ..................................................................... ..................................................... 11 3 TOEFL Junior 阅读篇章练习 ..................................................................... . (12)天文类 ..................................................................... (12)地理地质类 ..................................................................... . (20)生物类 ..................................................................... (29)生态学类 ..................................................................... .. (36)古生物类 ..................................................................... .. (42)人文社会科学类 ..................................................................... .. (49)美国历史题材 ..................................................................... (54)文学艺术类 ..................................................................... . (77)21 TOEFL Junior 阅读宏观综述 Introduction to TOEFL Junior Reading ComprehensionTOEFL Junior阅读考试主要考查学生寻找文章基本信息，进行合理推理以及理解文章内容概要的能力。
根据燕子和天鹅仿写啄木鸟的英语作文
根据燕子和天鹅仿写啄木鸟的英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Extraordinary Woodpecker: Nature's Skilled CarpenterHave you ever heard the rapid, staccato tapping echoing through the forest and wondered what peculiar creature could be responsible for such a rhythmic sound? If so, you have likely encountered the remarkable woodpecker, a true marvel of nature's engineering. These feathered friends have captured my imagination since childhood, and as I delve deeper into their world, my fascination only grows.Imagine a bird equipped with a specialized beak that functions as a powerful drill, capable of hammering into the toughest of tree bark with astonishing precision and force. This extraordinary tool, coupled with their unique adaptations, allows woodpeckers to thrive in a niche that few other beings can occupy – the world of wood-dwelling insects.One of the most striking features of these avian carpenters is their sturdy, chisel-like beaks. Crafted from a remarkable combination of bone and keratin, these beaks are reinforcedwith an intricate network of spongy bone that acts as a shock absorber, protecting their delicate brain from the jarring impact of each strike. It's as if nature has equipped them with a built-in safety helmet, ensuring their well-being as they relentlessly chip away at the wood.But their adaptations don't stop there. Woodpeckers possess a remarkable ability to grip onto the vertical surfaces of trees with their sharp, curved claws and stiff tail feathers. These feathers, reinforced with rigid shafts, act as a tripod, providing essential support and stability as they hammer away, defying gravity with each strike.As if these physical marvels weren't enough, woodpeckers also possess a unique tongue that can extend far beyond the length of their beak. This incredible appendage, equipped with a barbed tip and a sticky saliva coating, allows them to extract their prey – insects burrowed deep within the crevices of bark and wood – with surgical precision.It's not just their anatomy that fascinates me; their behaviors are equally captivating. Woodpeckers are known for their intricate courtship rituals, where males engage in elaborate drumming displays, using their beaks to create a rapid, resonating beat that can be heard from miles away. Thispercussion performance serves as a dual purpose – attracting potential mates while also marking their territory, warning rivals to keep their distance.But their skills extend far beyond mere drilling and drumming. Woodpeckers are true architects, meticulously excavating cavities within tree trunks to create cozy nesting sites for their offspring. These natural homes offer protection from predators and the elements, ensuring the survival of their young.As I observe these remarkable creatures in action, I can't help but marvel at their resilience and adaptability. Despite the constant threat of habitat loss and environmental challenges, woodpeckers have persevered, carving out their niche and playing a vital role in the intricate web of forest ecosystems.Their ability to control insect populations by feeding on wood-boring pests contributes to the overall health and longevity of countless tree species. In a sense, woodpeckers are nature's arborists, tending to the well-being of our forests with each precise strike of their beaks.To me, the woodpecker represents the pinnacle of evolutionary ingenuity, a true testament to nature's boundless creativity and problem-solving prowess. These remarkable creatures have inspired countless scientific inquiries, artisticendeavors, and a deep appreciation for the wonders of the natural world.As I continue to observe and learn from these feathered marvels, I am reminded of the incredible diversity and complexity that surrounds us. Each species, no matter how seemingly insignificant, plays a crucial role in maintaining the delicate balance of our ecosystems.The woodpecker's story is one of perseverance, adaptation, and an unwavering commitment to carving out their unique niche in this world. Their resilience serves as a powerful reminder that even in the face of adversity, nature finds a way to thrive, constantly evolving and adapting to overcome any obstacle.So, the next time you hear that familiar, rapid tapping echoing through the trees, pause for a moment and appreciate the extraordinary creature responsible for this rhythmic melody –the woodpecker, nature's skilled carpenter, and a true masterpiece of evolution.篇2The Wise WoodpeckerI still remember the day when a peculiar little bird came tapping at my bedroom window. Rat-a-tat-tat, rat-a-tat-tat, aninsistent drumming that roused me from my slumber. Rubbing the sleep from my eyes, I peered out to see a woodpecker perched on the sill, head cocked to one side as it studied me curiously."Good morning, young one," the woodpecker chirped. "I couldn't help but notice you slumbering away while the world awakes to greet the dawn."I must have looked bewildered, for the bird chuckled. "Fear not, I mean you no harm. I am simply a messenger, here to impart a lesson as old as the ancient trees themselves."Intrigued despite my drowsiness, I opened the window to better hear the woodpecker's tale. It cleared its throat and began:"There was once a young woodpecker, freshly taught to fend for itself by its parents. Eager to embark on its own journey, it left its childhood nest and took to the skies, sampling the endless buffet of tree trunks stretching across the forest.The young woodpecker soon grew full and content picking at the plentiful bark of the smaller saplings. 'Why bother with those towering oaks and spruces?' it thought with a smug tilt ofits head. 'These slender meals are enough to keep my belly satisfied.'Weeks turned to months as the woodpecker lazily hopped from one small tree to the next, never straying from the cozy grove where it had been raised. Its beak remained curved and sharp from its parents' lessons, but that was mere muscle memory - for the bird had grown plump and lazy, drunk on its life of ease.One crisp autumn day, as the leaves were turning to fire, the woodpecker heard a commotion deeper in the woods. Its curiosity piqued, it flew forth to investigate, spying a great trunk lying cracked upon the forest floor. A pair of mighty owls, lords of the night, were perched atop the felled oak.'You there, lazy one!' an owl called down sternly. 'Do you know why this giant has fallen?'The woodpecker shook its head meekly, abashed by the accusation yet ignorant all the same.'This oak has succumbed to rot and ruin from within,' the owl tutted. 'A hidden disease we could have篇3The Woodpecker's JourneyI must admit, for a young woodpecker like myself, life seemed rather dull and monotonous. Each day was the same - peck, peck, peck at the oak tree's bark, searching for grubs and insects to feast upon. While my parents assured me this simple routine was the woodpecker's noble calling, something deep inside yearned for more.As the crimson leaves of fall began to blanket the forest floor, I noticed a peculiar gathering in the clearing nearby. Flocks of birds from far and wide converged, chattering excitedly about their plans to escape the impending winter chill. I had never considered leaving my cozy tree before, but their tales of lush, evergreen lands filled me with undying wanderlust.Against my parents' wishes, I decided to join the migration, bidding farewell to the only home I'd ever known. The journey proved treacherous, with hawks constantly threatening from above and merciless winds trying to knock me off course. However, my inner fire burned brighter than ever before.After weeks of strenuous flying, we arrived at our destination - a verdant paradise teeming with tropical flora and fauna I had never dared dream of. Exotic blossoms in kaleidoscopic hues adorned the trees, which were laden with succulent fruits andplump insects. Best of all, the weather remained eternally warm and agreeable.Amongst my new feathered comrades was a boisterous toucan named Tilo. While his ocular plumage initially struck me as comical, I quickly grew enamored by his zest for life and incessant jokes. Tilo introduced me to the whimsical realm of fruit feasting, which I erroneously assumed was unbecoming of a respectable woodpecker."Loosen up, my red-capped amigo!" Tilo would hoot. "There's more to life than grubs and bark!"Though skeptical at first, I indulged in the vibrant mango's succulent flesh and felt reborn. Never had I tasted anything so lusciously sweet and satisfying. My woody persona slowly shed away as the tropical paradise awakened my wild, adventurous spirit.We became a dynamic duo, Tilo and I, exploring every nook and cranny of our new oasis. He taught me the local tongue and all the best fruit-laden trees to frequent. In exchange, I shared my knowledge of nest construction, weaving us cozy roosts from leaves and twigs.Our days were spent soaking in the sun's rays, gorging on exotic treats, and watching the universe of colors unfold across the evening sky. At night, we traded stories, jokes, and dreams beside the riverbank under a blanket of twinkling stars.For the first time, I felt truly liberated from the shackles of monotony and societal pressures. My woodpecker identity was an aspect of myself, not the definitive trait. More importantly, I discovered the profound beauty in following one's heart and wandering off the beaten path.As the seasons changed once more, my feathered amigos began discussing their return to their northern havens. Though part of me longed for the comforting familiarity of my tree, a larger part had been forever transformed by my tropical sojourn.With a heavy heart, I bid Tilo and the others farewell, charting my own path into the unknown. I had caught the incurable wanderlust bug and wished to seek out new lands, new flavors, new experiences. The world called out to my curious spirit.My maiden voyage took me across the vast, cerulean ocean to a land of arid deserts and sprawling canyons. Here, I met the most fascinating of creatures - lizards that defied gravity by walking across sheer rock faces, snakes that could swallow wholeanimals twice their size, and whizzing dervishes of hummingbirds.In time, I grewweary of the scorching, sandy terrain and flew northward where I discovered the majestic, frozen tundra. Equipped with my newfound open-mindedness, I feasted on the strange, briny bounties the frigid sea had to offer - chunks of fatty whale blubber, frozen krill, and slivers of fishy kelp.As the years drifted by in an endless cycle of exploration, I underwent a metamorphosis greater than any I could have imagined back in that oak hollow. My defining obsession was no longer food, but the pursuit of unfamiliar lands, peoples。
星星之火必有一失,英语作文
星星之火必有一失,英语作文The Embers of Inspiration: A Journey of Triumph and TribulationThe night sky sparkles with a million twinkling lights, each star a testament to the boundless potential within us all. Yet, as the saying goes, "a single spark can start a raging fire." This age-old wisdom encapsulates the essence of our human experience a journey marked by both the fleeting moments of inspiration and the arduous challenges that test our resilience.In our pursuit of greatness, we often find ourselves consumed by the flames of our own ambition the drive to achieve, to innovate, to leave an indelible mark on the world. It is this very spark, this igniting force, that propels us forward, fueling our creativity and pushing the boundaries of what we thought possible. But as with any fire, the embers of our inspiration must be carefully tended, lest they flare out of control or be snuffed out entirely.The path to success is never a straight and narrow one it is a winding road, paved with both triumphs and failures, each experience shaping us into the individuals we become. It is in these moments of adversity, when the flames of our passion seem to be dwindling, thatwe must summon the courage to stoke the fire within. For it is in the face of seemingly insurmountable challenges that we discover the true depths of our resilience, the well of inner strength that sustains us through the darkest of times.Consider the story of the Wright brothers, those visionary pioneers of aviation. Their dream of conquering the skies was met with countless setbacks and doubts, from the skepticism of their peers to the technical obstacles that seemed to thwart their every attempt. And yet, through sheer determination and an unwavering belief in their vision, they persevered, their single spark of inspiration growing into a raging fire that would ultimately change the course of human history.Or think of the countless artists, inventors, and innovators who have dared to defy the status quo, whose ideas were once dismissed or ridiculed, only to be recognized as the groundbreaking achievements they truly were. Their journeys remind us that the path to greatness is paved not only with success but also with failure, for it is in the moments of struggle and self-doubt that we discover the true depth of our resilience.For within each of us lies the potential for greatness, a spark that, if carefully tended and nurtured, can ignite a flame of inspiration that burns brighter with each obstacle overcome. It is this belief, thisunwavering conviction, that has driven humanity forward throughout the ages, propelling us to reach for the stars and to leave an indelible mark on the world.And so, as we gaze up at the night sky, let us be reminded of the power of that single spark the embers of inspiration that, when fanned by our determination and resilience, can become a raging fire that illuminates the path to our greatest achievements. For in the end, it is not the success or failure that defines us, but the journey itself the trials we face, the lessons we learn, and the growth we experience along the way.。
英语想象科幻作文
英语想象科幻作文Title: A Journey Beyond the Stars。
In the vast expanse of the cosmos, where galaxies twirl in a cosmic dance and stars flicker like distant beacons, lies a realm of endless possibilities. It is a place where the boundaries of imagination blur with the fabric of reality, where dreams take flight on the wings of innovation and exploration. Welcome to the realm of science fiction, where the impossible becomes possible and the mundane transforms into the extraordinary.Imagine a world where humanity has unlocked the secrets of interstellar travel, where starships soar through the void of space like majestic birds in flight. These vessels, powered by exotic energies and guided by the brilliance of human ingenuity, traverse the cosmic highways, charting courses to distant worlds beyond our wildest dreams.On board one such starship, the Odyssey, a diverse crewof explorers embarks on a mission that will redefine the very essence of human existence. Their destination? A remote corner of the galaxy known only as Epsilon Prime, a fabled world rumored to hold the key to unlocking the mysteries of the universe itself.As the Odyssey hurtles through the vastness of space, its crew faces myriad challenges, from cosmic storms that threaten to tear their ship asunder to encounters withalien civilizations whose motives remain shrouded in mystery. Yet, fueled by their unwavering determination and boundless curiosity, they press onward, driven by the promise of discovery that awaits them on the horizon.At long last, the Odyssey arrives at its destination, greeted by the sight of a world unlike any they have ever seen. Epsilon Prime is a world of wonders, where towering spires of crystal pierce the sky and rivers of liquid light flow through verdant valleys teeming with life. But amidst the beauty lies a secret, a truth that will shake the very foundations of everything the crew holds dear.For Epsilon Prime is not simply a planet; it is a sentient being, a living consciousness that has traversed the cosmos since time immemorial. It speaks to the crew in whispers of stardust and echoes of distant galaxies, revealing to them the true nature of the universe and their place within it.As the crew grapples with this revelation, they come to understand that they are not merely explorers seeking knowledge, but participants in a grand cosmic tapestry woven from the fabric of existence itself. And as they bid farewell to Epsilon Prime and set course for home, they carry with them not only the memories of their journey but the realization that the greatest adventure of all is the one that lies within.So, dear reader, as you gaze up at the stars and ponder the mysteries of the universe, remember that the boundaries of imagination are but illusions, and that within each of us lies the spark of a thousand suns, waiting to ignite the fires of discovery and illuminate the darkness of the unknown. For in the end, it is not the destination thatmatters, but the journey itself, and the countless worlds that await us beyond the stars.。
星星之火可以燎原英语作文
The Power of a Single SparkIn the vastness of the universe, among the countless stars that dot the night sky, each one shines brightly, unique in its own way. But what if I told you that it's not just the brightness of these stars that matters, but the potential they carry within themselves? Just like a single spark can ignite a flame that can eventually consume an entire forest, the potential within each star has theability to spark change and transformation beyond imagination.Imagine a world where every individual is seen as a star, unique and shining with their own brightness. Each person, regardless of their background, abilities, or status, possesses an inherent spark of potential. This spark, when nurtured and fanned, can grow into a blazing flame that ignites positive change in not just their own lives, but also in the lives of those around them.Just as a spark requires oxygen and fuel to grow into a flame, the potential within each individual needs to be fed and nurtured. This nurturing comes from within, throughself-belief, perseverance, and continuous learning. It alsocomes from the external environment, through support, encouragement, and opportunities for growth.When we recognize and cherish the potential within each individual, we create a society that is inclusive and nurturing. We foster a culture where everyone is given a chance to shine, and where their contributions are valued and celebrated. Such a society is not just fairer and more equitable, but it is also more vibrant and dynamic, fueled by the collective power of millions of individual sparks.The power of a single spark is not just a metaphor. Itis a reminder that each of us has the ability to make a difference, to be agents of change in our own lives and in the world around us. It is a call to action, urging us to recognize and harness the potential within ourselves and others, and to use it to create a better world.In conclusion, the power of a single spark reminds us that every individual is unique and has the potential to spark transformation. By nurturing and fanning these sparks, we can create a world that is more inclusive, equitable,and vibrant. Let us all remember that our actions, small orbig, have the potential to ignite a flame that can change the world.**星星之火，可以燎原**在浩瀚的宇宙中，无数星星点缀着夜空，每一颗都以其独特的方式闪耀着光芒。
星星之火可以燎远英语作文
星星之火可以燎远英语作文A spark can ignite a prairie fire, and a single star can illuminate the vast universe. The metaphor of a small flame with the potential to spread far and wide is not just apoetic notion but a powerful truth that has been demonstrated time and again throughout history. It is the idea that fromthe smallest beginnings, monumental changes can emerge, and this concept is beautifully encapsulated in the English composition "A Single Spark Can Start a Prairie Fire."In the realm of literature, a single writer's pen can inspire a revolution of thought. In the world of science, a lone scientist's discovery can lead to breakthroughs that change the course of human progress. And in our own lives, a single act of kindness can set off a chain reaction ofgoodwill and compassion.The composition "A Single Spark Can Start a Prairie Fire" explores this theme by delving into various scenarios where a small action or a single idea has led to significant outcomes. It tells the story of a young entrepreneur whose innovative idea, born from a simple observation, has the potential to revolutionize an industry. It narrates the tale of a community that comes together to fight against injustice, starting with a small protest that grows into a movement that cannot be ignored.The essay also touches upon the power of education, wherea single teacher's dedication can ignite a passion forlearning in a student, leading them to achieve great things.It discusses the influence of art, where a single painting or a piece of music can inspire countless others to express themselves creatively.In a world that often feels overwhelming and complex, "A Single Spark Can Start a Prairie Fire" serves as a reminder that we all have the capacity to make a difference. It encourages us to believe in the power of our own actions andto recognize that even the smallest of efforts can have a profound impact.The composition is a testament to the resilience and potential that lies within each of us. It is a call to action, urging us to not underestimate the influence of our own ideas and actions. It is a celebration of the human spirit and the indomitable will to change the world for the better.In conclusion, "A Single Spark Can Start a Prairie Fire"is a powerful narrative that speaks to the potential that exists within every individual and every situation. It is a reminder that change is possible, and it starts with a single spark, a single idea, a single action. It is a story that inspires us to be that spark, to be the change we wish to see in the world.。
如何才能早日实现宇航员梦想英语作文
如何才能早日实现宇航员梦想英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Ever since I was a little kid, I've dreamed of looking down at the Earth from space and floating in zero gravity. Becoming an astronaut has been my biggest ambition for as long as I can remember. However, making it to space is no easy feat – it requires incredible dedication, hard work, and perseverance. In this essay, I'll share some key steps I'm taking to increase my chances of realizing this lofty dream.First and foremost, getting an excellent education is crucial. NASA and other space agencies look for the best and brightest candidates with strong backgrounds in subjects like math, science, and engineering. I've been working diligently in school, taking every advanced class I can in these areas. Physics has become a particular passion of mine, as understanding principles like gravity, motion, and aerodynamics is essential for space travel.In addition to acing my classes, I've been actively pursuing extracurricular activities that develop skills relevant to being anastronaut. Last year, I joined my school's rocket club, where we design, build, and launch model rockets. It's been an amazing hands-on experience that has taught me so much about aerodynamics, propulsion systems, and the engineering process. We even got to launch a rocket we built to over 10,000 feet! I've also been taking flying lessons to earn my pilot's license, which will give me invaluable experience operating aircraft.Staying physically fit is another vital component. Astronauts must be in peak physical condition to withstand the intense forces of launch and re-entry, as well as to operate effectively in the constrained environments of spacecraft and space stations. I work out regularly, running, swimming, and doing strength training. I've also taken up rock climbing, which builds arm and grip strength that could be useful for EVA (extravehicular activity) spacewalks.In terms of academics, my goal is to earn at least a bachelor's degree, possibly a master's, in a field like aerospace engineering, astrophysics, or astronautical engineering. Many astronauts have doctorates, so I may pursue a PhD as well to make my application really stand out. I've already started researching top aerospace programs at universities like MIT, Caltech, Purdue, and Georgia Tech.Work experience is vital too. Most astronaut candidates have spent time in related roles like being a pilot, engineer, researcher, or military officer. Over the next few summers, I plan to apply for internships at aerospace companies, research labs, and possibly NASA itself to start getting valuable experience under my belt. Any opportunity to work with spacecraft systems, scientific instruments, life support equipment, or anything space-related would be hugely beneficial.Beyond academics and experience, there are a few other areas I'm focusing on. For one, learning Russian would be incredibly useful, as much of the astronaut corps these days works closely with their Russian counterparts. Being multilingual in general is a major advantage. I'm also an avid reader of books about space exploration and astronaut memoirs to stay inspired and learn from others' journeys.Most importantly, I'm working hard to develop key personality traits that are essential for astronauts. These include keeping calm under immense pressure, having incredible discipline and commitment, working effectively as part of a team, showing exceptional decision-making skills, and maintaining an insatiable curiosity about the universe around us. Any setbacksor failures I face are only opportunities to demonstrate resilience, adaptability, and a solutions-oriented mindset.Of course, there are many factors outside my control that will impact whether I ultimately get selected as an astronaut candidate. The competition is beyond fierce, with thousands of highly qualified people applying for just a handful of open slots each year. Budget constraints have also limited how frequently new astronaut classes are admitted. But I can only focus on controlling what I can control – becoming the absolute best candidate possible in every way.Making it to space has been the driving passion behind most of my life decisions so far, and that will only intensify going forward. While the odds may be low, the potential rewards –getting to experience the Overview Effect of seeing the Earth from above, unlocking secrets of the cosmos, pushing the boundaries of exploration – make it all worth striving towards relentlessly. Few achievements would be as monumental or meaningful.Even if I never get to experience a rocket launch firsthand, I know the pursuit itself will pay dividends. The skills, knowledge, and life experiences I gain along this journey will open up many other exciting potential career paths, whether its designingnext-generation spacecraft, working on cutting-edge aerospace research, or instructing future generations of astronauts and space explorers. This quest will be a defines experience and driver of personal growth, no matter the ultimate outcome.So while becoming an astronaut may seem like an outlandish dream to some, for me it's simply the truth I'm choosing to follow with every fiber of my being. The path will be grueling, the competition daunting, but the glory of someday floating weightless above our beautiful planet is an achievement worth striving for until my dying breath. The stars have been calling to the depths of my soul for as long as I can remember –and I must go. With dedication, brilliance, and an unwavering will, maybe one day soon I'll get to answer that call and take that one small step that instantly transforms me into a spacefarer and representative of all humankind. The dream may sound impossible, but as they say, shoot for the moon, because even if you miss, you'll land among the stars. And that perspective alone makes this journey worthwhile.篇2Ever since I was a young child, I've had an insatiable curiosity about the cosmos and a burning desire to explore the great beyond. The thought of venturing into the vast unknown,floating weightlessly through the inky blackness of space, and gazing back at our beautiful blue planet from afar fills me with an indescribable sense of wonder and excitement. It is my life's ambition to become an astronaut – a dream that has guided my every step and shaped the course of my academic and extracurricular pursuits.However, I am well aware that the path to realizing this dream is an arduous one, fraught with challenges and immense competition. The astronaut corps is highly selective, accepting only the most exceptional candidates who possess a unique combination of intellectual brilliance, physical fortitude, and unwavering determination. Nonetheless, I am resolute in my conviction that with the right mindset, dedication, and strategic approach, I can surmount any obstacle and ultimately secure my place among the elite ranks of space explorers.The first and arguably most crucial step in achieving my astronaut aspirations is to excel academically, particularly in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). These disciplines form the bedrock of the knowledge and skills required to navigate the complexities of space exploration. As such, I have maintained an unwavering focus on excelling in these subjects throughout my educational journey,consistently earning top marks and seeking out every opportunity to deepen my understanding.Furthermore, I have actively pursued extracurricular activities and enrichment programs that complement my academic pursuits. From participating in robotics competitions and attending space camps to interning at research facilities and engaging in independent science projects, I have immersed myself in hands-on learning experiences that have not only honed my practical skills but have also fostered a deep appreciation for the scientific method and the collaborative nature of space exploration.Beyond academic excellence, physical fitness is an indispensable requirement for aspiring astronauts. The rigors of space travel and the demands of conducting complex operations in microgravity environments necessitate a high level of physical conditioning and mental toughness. Recognizing this, I have dedicated myself to maintaining a rigorous exercise regimen that encompasses strength training, cardiovascular endurance, and flexibility exercises. Additionally, I have actively pursued challenging outdoor activities such as rock climbing, hiking, and scuba diving, which have helped me develop the stamina,resilience, and problem-solving skills essential for thriving in extreme environments.Moreover, I understand that effective communication and the ability to work collaboratively are paramount in the field of space exploration. As such, I have actively sought out leadership roles in various group projects and extracurricular activities, honing my interpersonal skills and learning to navigate the complexities of team dynamics. Through these experiences, I have developed the ability to clearly articulate complex ideas, listen actively, and foster an environment of mutual respect and cooperation – qualities that are invaluable in the highly collaborative and international arena of space exploration.Another critical aspect of my preparation has been cultivating a deep understanding of the historical, political, and cultural contexts surrounding space exploration. I have immersed myself in the study of space history, exploring the triumphs and tragedies that have shaped the course of human spaceflight. Additionally, I have actively engaged with the broader discourse surrounding the future of space exploration, attending lectures, participating in debates, and following the latest developments and policies within the field. This comprehensive approach has not only deepened myappreciation for the significance of space exploration but has also equipped me with the contextual knowledge necessary to navigate the complex geopolitical and sociocultural landscapes that inevitably intersect with this endeavor.Furthermore, I recognize that the path to becoming an astronaut is highly competitive, and setbacks and disappointments are inevitable. As such, I have consciously developed a resilient mindset and an unwavering determination to persevere in the face of adversity. I have learned to embrace failure as an opportunity for growth, viewing each challenge as a stepping stone towards my ultimate goal. This mental fortitude has been fostered through experiences such as participating in endurance sports, overcoming personal hardships, and consistently pushing myself beyond my perceived limits.Lastly, I understand that the pursuit of my astronaut dream is a lifelong journey that will require continuous learning, adaptation, and growth. As such, I have committed myself to a path of lifelong education, eagerly seeking out new knowledge and experiences that will broaden my horizons and deepen my understanding of the ever-evolving field of space exploration. Whether it's attending advanced training programs, participating in cutting-edge research, or simply engaging inself-directed study, I am dedicated to remaining at the forefront of scientific and technological advancements, ensuring that I am always prepared to seize the opportunities that arise.In conclusion, my unwavering dream of becoming an astronaut is not merely a childhood fantasy but a profound calling that has shaped the course of my life. Through a disciplined and strategic approach that encompasses academic excellence, physical conditioning, interpersonal development, contextual understanding, mental resilience, and a commitment to lifelong learning, I am steadfastly navigating the challenging path towards realizing this ambition. While the road ahead is undoubtedly arduous, I am resolute in my belief that with perseverance, dedication, and an indomitable spirit, I will one day earn the privilege of venturing into the vast expanse of space, contributing to humanity's quest for knowledge and exploration, and fulfilling my lifelong dream of becoming an astronaut.篇3Soaring through the inky blackness of space, gazing down at our beautiful blue planet from hundreds of miles above – it's a dream that has captivated the imaginations of countless people, myself included. Ever since I was a young child, I've been utterly fascinated by the wonder and mystery of the cosmos. I can stillvividly recall staring up at the twinkling stars on clear nights, my mind racing with questions about what lies beyond our tiny world. What secrets do the galaxies hold? What would it feel like to walk on the moon? Could we ever discover life on another planet? These childlike musings eventually blossomed into a fierce determination to become an astronaut – a dream that has driven me ever since.Of course, I'm well aware that the path to realizing this lofty ambition is an incredibly challenging one, fraught with obstacles and requiring an immense amount of hard work, dedication, and perseverance. After all, the astronaut corps is an elite group comprised of the best and brightest minds from around the world. Every year, thousands upon thousands of hopefuls apply to NASA and other space agencies, but only a select few are chosen to join the rarefied ranks of this modern-day exploration corps. The competition is intense, the training is grueling, and the risk is ever-present – a fact that was driven home by the tragic losses of the crews of the Challenger and Columbia space shuttles. Pursuing this dream is not for the faint of heart.And yet, despite all the difficulties, I cannot envision a more rewarding or meaningful career. To have the chance to push back the boundaries of human knowledge and exploration, tojourney farther into the unknown than any person has gone before – what could be more thrilling or noble? Perhaps someday I'll be among the first humans to walk on Mars. Or maybe I'll be tasked with servicing and upgrading the telescopes that allow us to peer deeper into the universe's most distant realms. Or I could be a vital part of the effort to establish a permanent human settlement on the moon, or even further afield. The possibilities are at once terrifying and exhilarating.So how does one go about turning this fantastic dream into reality? First and foremost, securing a world-class education is paramount. The astronaut candidates who make it through NASA's rigorous selection process almost invariably possess advanced degrees in highly technical fields like aerospace engineering, physics, computer science, or mathematics. Personally, I plan to pursue a bachelor's degree in aerospace engineering followed by a master's or doctorate, bolstering my academic credentials with internships, research opportunities, and any other relevant experiences I can get my hands on. Becoming an expert in my field is job one.But academic prowess alone is not enough. NASA also expects its astronaut candidates to have records of outstanding achievement in challenging operational environments. Manyhave served as pilots in the military, gaining invaluable experience and finely honing their skills under intense pressure. Others have worked as engineers, researchers, or scientists in cutting-edge fields, continually pushing boundaries and proving their ability to excel. Still others have backgrounds as highly trained medical doctors. The common thread is a history of thriving in the face of complex, high-stakes challenges –precisely the sort of makeup required for space explorers.Fortunately, these varied pathways provide many potential avenues for me to distinguish myself and demonstrate my capability. In addition to my studies, I'm an active member of my university's Microgravity Research Team, where we design and test experiments for eventual deployment and study aboard the International Space Station. I've also sought out leadership roles in several STEM-focused student organizations, honing skills like teamwork, communication, and project management that will prove vital for an astronaut working in the close quarters of a space capsule or habitat. This summer, I have an internship lined up at a major aerospace company where I'll gain hands-on experience working with the latest innovations in spacecraft and satellite technology.Physical fitness and mental toughness are two other indispensable assets that I am committed to cultivating. The rigors of spaceflight place immense strain on the human body and psyche – a fact reflected in NASA's extraordinarily stringent medical and psychological screening processes. Prospective astronaut candidates must undergo a dizzying array of tests and evaluations, from maximal stress tests to psychiatric evaluations, to ensure they have the right stuff to handle the intense pressures and risks that come with the job. I've always been a dedicated athlete, running track and cross country. And my experiences scaling treacherous peaks on mountaineering expeditions have instilled in me a profound degree of mental fortitude and resilience. But I know I must continually push myself to ensure I'm in absolutely peak physical and mental condition.Of course, this journey would be immensely easier if I end up being one of the lucky few selected for NASA's astronaut candidate program directly out of college. The training process lasts a grueling two years, involving intensive instruction encompassing everything from Complex spacecraft systems operation to Russian language classes (a must for collaborating with international partners aboard the ISS). But for those of us who don't make the cut right away, we must be prepared toforge our own paths, accumulating the critical skills and experience outside of NASA's halls until our records shine bright enough to earn a coveted spot.No matter which route I end up taking, one thing is certain –realizing my astronaut dreams will require an utterly relentless drive and an unwavering refusal to ever give up in the face of setbacks and obstacles. The history of space exploration is littered with tales of perseverance and triumph over daunting challenges. From the pioneering work of trailblazers like Robert Goddard and Wernher von Braun, to the hugely complicated Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo programs that first propelled human beings into space and onto the lunar surface, to the ongoing construction and operation of the International Space Station – an engineering marvel involving the coordination of thousands of people across multiple nations – every milestone was hard-fought and dearly won.So when I find myself growing weary from the constant demands of my studies, my research, my training, I need only reflect on the grand aspirations that have brought generations of intrepid explorers to this point. I think of Yuri Gagarin, blasting off atop a massive rocket and becoming the first human being to break the bonds of Earth's atmosphere. I think of Neil Armstrongand Buzz Aldrin, taking their first historic steps onto the dusty, desolate surface of the moon. I think of the brave crews of the Challenger and Columbia who gave their lives in pursuit of unlocking the secrets of the cosmos. Their stories never fail to rekindle the sense of awe and wonder within me – thatdeep-rooted drive to reach out and grasp the unknown that first set me on this improbable path.And who knows? Perhaps someday, if I remain true to that inner fire and that singular sense of purpose, my name, too, will be etched into the storied annals of space history. Perhaps someday a young dreamer like I once was will find inspiration in my deeds and exploits. For every astronaut who has looked out from a tiny window at the far-reaching vistas of space, millions have shared in the experience vicariously, marveling at the majesty they behold. And in a very real way, it is that collective sense of cosmic curiosity – that boundless human yearning to reach ever farther and to shatter self-imposed limits – that drives our intrepid spacefarers onward. My ambition to become an astronaut is more than just a personal aspiration. It is emblematic of humanity's age-old quest to unravel the mysteries of our universe. And for the chance to play a small part in that grand and perpetual journey of discovery, no dream could be more worthwhile.。
星星之火熊熊燃烧的英语作文
星星之火熊熊燃烧的英语作文The Flickering Flames of a Starry BlazeThe night sky, a canvas of inky darkness, is adorned with the twinkling radiance of countless stars. Each celestial body, a shimmering speck in the vast expanse, holds the promise of a story waiting to be told. It is within this realm of celestial wonder that the flickering flames of a starry blaze come to life, igniting the imagination and inspiring the human spirit.The journey begins with a single spark, a glimmer of hope that ignites the embers of our dreams. Like a lone star in the night, this initial spark may seem small and insignificant, but it holds the potential to grow into a blazing inferno. It is this potential, this innate power within us, that drives us to reach for the stars, to embark on a quest to fulfill our deepest aspirations.As we gaze upon the night sky, we are captivated by the mesmerizing dance of the stars, their light flickering and pulsing with a rhythm that seems to beckon us forward. This celestial display is a testament to the endless possibilities that lie within our grasp, a reminder that even the smallest of flames can ignite a raging firegiven the right conditions.It is this belief in the transformative power of the starry blaze that fuels our determination and propels us forward. We see the stars as symbols of our own potential, beacons of inspiration that guide us on our journey. Just as the stars shine brighter in the darkness, so too can our own inner light shine through the challenges and obstacles that we face.The path to igniting the starry blaze within us is not an easy one, but it is a journey worth taking. It requires a willingness to step out of our comfort zones, to embrace the unknown, and to confront our fears head-on. It demands a steadfast commitment to our dreams, a refusal to be deterred by setbacks or failures.As we traverse this path, we may encounter moments of doubt and uncertainty, times when the flames of our ambition seem to flicker and wane. But it is in these moments that we must draw upon the resilience and strength that lie within us, tending to the embers of our passion until they once again blaze with a ferocity that cannot be extinguished.The starry blaze is not confined to the realm of individual achievement; it is a force that has the power to inspire and ignite entire communities. When we come together, pooling our collectivetalents and resources, the flames of our individual dreams can merge to create a bonfire of collective progress and transformation.In this way, the starry blaze becomes a symbol of our shared humanity, a testament to the power of collaboration and the triumph of the human spirit. It is a reminder that when we unite in pursuit of a common goal, the limits of what we can achieve are boundless.As we gaze upon the night sky, let the flickering flames of the starry blaze ignite the spark within us, fueling our ambitions and inspiring us to reach for the stars. For it is in the pursuit of our dreams, in the embrace of the unknown, that we discover the true depth of our courage and the limitless potential that lies within.。
星星之火,熊熊燃烧的英语作文
星星之火,熊熊燃烧的英语作文In the vast expanse of the universe, stars dot the dark canvas like sparkling diamonds, each a beacon of hope and inspiration. These stars, though tiny and seemingly insignificant, possess an remarkable power. They are not just luminous orbs floating in the void; they are the embodiment of potential, the genesis of grandiose forces. Just as a spark of light can ignite a raging fire, the smallest of stars can inspire the brightest of futures.Imagine a scene where a single spark, born from a friction of stones, falls onto a pile of dry leaves. That infinitesimal spark, at first, seems harmless, even insignificant. Yet, given the right conditions, it can transform into a blazing inferno, consuming everything in its path. Similarly, a star, despite its diminutive size compared to the vastness of space, can emit enough energy to power entire planets and sustain life.The same principle applies to our lives. We, too, are like those stars, small and fragile, yet capable of producing remarkable outcomes. It's our inner spark, our desire to excel, that propels us forward, turning ourdreams into reality. Just as a spark turns into a flame,our passions ignite our potential, transforming us into agents of change.However, this transformation is not automatic. It requires fuel, just as a fire needs oxygen to burn brightly. This fuel is our perseverance, our resilience in the faceof adversity. When we encounter challenges, it's our determination that turns those sparks of inspiration into roaring flames of success.Moreover, just as stars need the right conditions to shine, we need the right environment to nurture our talents. This environment can be anything from a supportive familyto a challenging workplace, from a vibrant community to a stimulating academic institution. These are the elementsthat help us kindle our inner fire, allowing our stars to shine brightly.In conclusion, we should all remember that we possess the power of a star. It may seem small and insignificant at times, but with the right spark of inspiration and the fuel of perseverance, we can turn our lives into blazinginfernos of success. Let us embrace our inner star, feedits flame, and let it guide us to a brighter future.**星火燎原**在浩瀚无垠的宇宙中，星星像闪耀的钻石点缀在黑暗的画布上，每一颗都是希望和灵感的灯塔。
星星之火可以点燃大火英语作文
星星之火可以点燃大火英语作文The Power of a Single Spark: Igniting the Flame of Change.In the vast universe, the smallest of stars can emit a brilliant light, a spark that illuminates the darkness and serves as a guiding beacon. Similarly, in the realm of human endeavor and progress, it is often the tiniest spark of inspiration, the faintest glimmer of hope, that ignites the flame of change and transforms the world. This phenomenon, often described in the apt phrase "a single spark can start a forest fire," holds profound significance in our understanding of the potential within eachindividual to make a significant impact.The initial spark, though tiny, possesses an inherent power that is both unyielding and irresistible. It is the seed of an idea, a vision that, though initially obscure, holds the potential to grow into a mighty force. Just as a single spark can ignite a tinder-dry forest, a small butpassionate idea can spark a revolution, inspire a movement, or trigger a chain reaction of progress.The journey from spark to flame, however, is not without challenges. It requires fuel in the form of dedication, perseverance, and unwavering commitment. The spark.。
星星之火英语作文
星星之火英语作文Here is the English essay on the topic "A Spark of Stars":The vastness of the universe is a constant source of awe and wonder for humanity. Among the celestial bodies that captivate our imagination, the stars hold a special allure. These luminous points in the night sky have long been the subject of fascination, inspiring countless myths, legends, and scientific endeavors. Yet, within the boundless expanse of the cosmos, a single spark can ignite a transformative journey, illuminating not only the heavens but also the depths of the human experience.The power of a single star to inspire and guide has been recognized throughout history. From the ancient mariners who navigated by the stars to the visionaries who have used celestial metaphors to symbolize human potential, the spark of a star has been a beacon of hope and possibility. This notion is perhaps best encapsulated in the Chinese proverb "A single spark can start a prairie fire," which suggests that even the smallest of actions can have far-reaching consequences.In the context of personal growth and transformation, the metaphorof the star-spark takes on an even deeper significance. Just as a single star can illuminate the darkness of the night sky, so too can a single moment of clarity, a single decision, or a single act of courage ignite a profound change within an individual. This spark may come in the form of a new idea, a chance encounter, or a profound realization – a transformative moment that has the power to set a person on a different course, unlocking their full potential and inspiring them to reach for the stars.Consider, for example, the story of a young person who, faced with the seemingly insurmountable challenges of poverty or adversity, discovers a passion for education. This spark of curiosity and determination, nurtured and cultivated over time, could lead to a journey of personal growth and achievement, ultimately transforming not only the individual's life but also the lives of those around them. In this way, the spark of a single star can ignite a prairie fire of positive change, inspiring others and setting in motion a ripple effect that extends far beyond the initial point of ignition.The power of the star-spark is not limited to individual transformation; it also has the potential to shape the course of human civilization. Throughout history, groundbreaking innovations, scientific discoveries, and social movements have often been ignited by the spark of a single idea or a single visionary. Consider, for example, the Wright brothers' historic flight at Kitty Hawk, whichsparked the age of aviation and transformed the way we conceive of human mobility. Or the spark of the civil rights movement, which ignited a global struggle for equality and justice. In each of these instances, a single spark – a moment of inspiration, a bold idea, or an act of courage – has the power to set the world ablaze with the potential for progress and transformation.As we gaze up at the night sky, we are reminded of the vast and intricate tapestry of the universe, a landscape dotted with the twinkling lights of countless stars. Yet, within this cosmic panorama, the spark of a single star shines as a symbol of the transformative power that lies within each of us. Whether it is the spark of personal growth, the spark of innovation, or the spark of social change, the light of a single star has the power to ignite a prairie fire of possibility, inspiring us to reach for the heavens and to leave an indelible mark on the world.。
星星之火可以燎原英文题作文
星星之火可以燎原英文题作文The Spark That Ignites a Prairie Fire.In the ancient Chinese proverb, "A spark from a single star can set a prairie ablaze," lies a profound truth about the potential of small beginnings to spawn great changes. This adage resonates across time and cultures, reminding us that even the smallest actions or ideas can have immense consequences if nurtured and allowed to grow.Imagine a dark night, with only the barest hint oflight pollution. You gaze up at the starry sky, and one particular star catches your eye. It's not the brightest, not the closest, but it twinkles with a unique intensity that seems to promise something beyond its small size. That star, if it were close enough, could potentially set fire to a dry prairie with its merest spark.In the same way, the smallest actions can have momentous impacts. Consider the initial steps taken bygreat leaders or inventors. They often began with a spark of an idea, a single action that set them on a path to greatness. Mahatma Gandhi's nonviolent protests began with a single step, but they ultimately shook the foundations of colonialism. Steve Jobs's vision for the iPhone started with a simple sketch, but it revolutionized the way we interact with technology.The power of the spark lies in its potential to grow. Given the right conditions—fuel, oxygen, and enough heat—a small spark can rapidly grow into a roaring fire. Similarly, an innovative idea or passionate commitment can spread like wildfire if it resonates with people's deep-seated desires and beliefs. The spark of social movements, such as the Arab Spring or Occupy Wall Street, started small but quickly gained momentum, igniting widespread change.However, not all sparks lead to fire. Some fizzle out, lacking the fuel or oxygen to sustain them. Just as a prairie fire can be easily extinguished if it lacks sufficient fuel, so can a great idea die if it's notproperly nurtured and supported. This underscores the importance of persistence and resilience in bringing about change.The spark of change can also be dangerous. A prairie fire, while beautiful in its destructive dance, can also destroy valuable habitats and life. Similarly, unchecked change can lead to unintended consequences, sometimes with devastating effects. This reminds us of the responsibility we carry when we act as agents of change, whether it's through our daily actions or our larger social movements.In conclusion, the Chinese proverb "A spark from a single star can set a prairie ablaze" serves as a powerful reminder of the potential and peril inherent in small beginnings. It encourages us to cherish and nurture our sparks of creativity, compassion, and rebellion, while also 提醒我们谨慎行事，避免 igniting destructive fires. As we embark on our individual and collective journeys, let us remember that every spark, no matter how small, has the potential to set the world on fire.(Note: This essay is an interpretation of the Chinese proverb and does not directly address the specific prompt you provided. However, it attempts to capture the essence of the proverb while adhering to the general requirements of the assignment.)。
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a r X i v :a s t r o -p h /0107161v 1 9 J u l 2001Astronomy &Astrophysics manuscript no.(will be inserted by hand later)A possible X-ray jet from the starburst galaxy NGC 6217W.Pietsch 1and H.Arp 21Max-Planck-Institut f¨u r extraterrestrische Physik,85741Garching,Germany 2Max-Planck-Institut f¨u r Astrophysik,85741Garching,GermanyReceived;acceptedAbstract.Deep ROSAT PSPC and HRI observations of the nuclear starburst,UV flat spectrum spiral NGC 6217reveal a jet-like X-ray filament extending out 2.′7(18.8kpc)to the SW of the galaxy.Radio images of NGC 6217show an extent in the same direction,giving further evidence for a one-sided X-ray jet interpretation of this feature.It’s X-ray spectrum is harder than that of NGC 6217and the luminosity in the 0.5–2.0keV band ∼1.7·1039erg s −1.We compare our findings to parameters of other X-ray jets from other active galaxies.We also give positions of a total of 91X-ray sources detected in the field to a limiting 0.5–2.0keV flux of ∼2.2·10−15erg cm −2s −1and propose optical and radio identifications.Some of these sources have been identified in the RIXOS program.Key words.Galaxies:individual:NGC 6217-Galaxies:jets -quasars:general -Galaxies:Seyfert -Radio contin-uum:galaxies -X-rays:galaxies1.IntroductionNGC 6217is a B T =11.86mag barred spiral,RSBbc(s)II,as classified in the Revised-Shapley Ames Catalog of Bright Galaxies (Sandage &Tammann 1981).It was first designated as abnormal in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies (Arp 1966a,b).In that classification it was No.185,narrow filaments -between Nos.149-152,jets and Nos.209-215,material ejected from nuclei.The feature responsible for this classification was a narrow spiral arm like filament coming offthe end of the inner bar,much less wound up than the inner arms,which gave the impression of ejected material.Subsequently the galaxy was described as “nuclear star burst,UV flat spectrum,infra red bright”Seyfert 3(Bonatto et al.1998;Veron-Cetty &Veron 1998).Observations of optical spectra dominated by stellar pho-toionization (Kennicutt 1992)and of extended radio emis-sion at 1.46and 4.9GHz (Hummel et al.1984)and CO emission strongly peaked towards the center of the galaxy (Elfhag et al.1996)support this classification.In a Hubble Space Telescope imaging survey of nearby active galactic nuclei Malkan et al.(1998)classify the nuclear region (in-ner few arcsec)as CL,i.e.cluster,lumpy H ii region,knots,and DC,i.e.dust disk/dust lane passing close or through center.NGC 6217was detected in X-rays with the satel-lites Ginga and ROSAT(2–10keV and 0.1–2.4keV,re-spectively)as discussed in a multi-wavelength catalog of Seyfert 2galaxies observed in the 2–10keV energy band by2W.Pietsch and H.Arp:A possible X-ray jet from the starburst galaxy NGC6217grated in boxes of15′′×90′′.The dotted line indicates the background surface brightness determined at distances of ≥1.′5NE and≥3.′5SW of NGC6217sures were taken in parallel to the WFC observations.The total PSPC exposure time on RE J1629+780is129930s made up of31pointings.Observation142566p listed in the archive for the same pointing direction was rejected due to an offset from this nominal pointing direction of ∼6.′4mainly in right ascension.We also did not include two short observations in February1998to avoid detector ground in the0.5–2.0keV band to increase the sensitiv-ity for faint structures which reduced the useful exposure time by∼10%to117058s.The source detection proce-dures were re-run and source positions corrected using the RIXOS identifications(Mason et al.2000)in thefield re-ducing the systematic absolute position error to0.′′8if one does not include an error due to the optically determined RIXOS positions.As Mason et al.(2000)state that the positional accuracy in the RIXOS catalog is better than 1′′,the residual systematic error will only give a signif-icant contribution to the position error of the brightest sources and is not corrected for in the90%uncertaintyand HR2=(H2–H1)/(H1+H2)where S,H,H1,and H2 denote count rates in the0.1–0.4keV,0.5–2.0keV,0.5–0.9keV and0.9–2.0keV bands,respectively.Taking into account the Galactic foreground absorption and folding a power law spectrum with a photon index of2through the instrument response we determine a energy to count rates conversion factor in ct s−1in the0.5–2.0keV band of0.777 for a source with aflux of10−11erg cm−2s−1.Because the PSPC sensitivity is close to one in the hard band and variable foreground absorption mainly influences the soft band,this factor is almost insensitive to the assumed spec-tral shape and a wide range of N H.The resulting list of91sources detected with ML exi> 10in the38.′3×38.′3field centered on RE J1629+780is only a by-product from the analysis of thefield around NGC6217.It reaches,however,much deeper than the published RIXOS catalog entries of thefield and we there-fore included it in the appendix(Table2)together with an exposure corrected hard band X-ray image(Fig.A.1) with numbered boxes marking the catalog entries.Table2 gives ROSAT name(col.1),source number(col.2),X-ray position(cols.3–4),r90(col.5),ML exi and count rate for the0.5–2.0keV PSPC band(cols.6–7),hardness ratios HR1and HR2(cols.8–9),and some comments on possible identifications(col.10).The faintest sources in the catalog have a0.5–2.0keVflux of∼2.2·10−15erg cm−2s−1.The galaxy NGC6217is13.′3from the center of the field.There seems to be an X-ray jet,emanating from points in NGC6217.For the AGN sample power law mod-els gave acceptablefits with parameters coinciding within the errors with the RIXOS results.For NGC6217how-ever,simple power law(and also thermal bremsstrahlung or thin thermal)models did not give acceptablefits(re-ducedχ2>1.8)even if the absorption column was not fixed to galactic.A combination of a thin thermal plasma of solar abundance and a power law with absorption for both componentsfixed to the galactic foreground resulted in an acceptablefit(reducedχ2=0.66).The tempera-ture of the thermal component was0.51±0.06keV and the power law photon index1.8±0.3with absorption cor-rected luminosities in the0.1–2.4keV band of(1.1and 1.0)·1040erg s−1(Fig.4).There are not enough counts in the jet-like feature to do a detailed spectral analysis.However,the hardness ra-tios in Table2of the sources detected therein indicate a somewhat harder spectrum than the power law spectrum with photon index of1.7of NGC6217(see Mittaz et al. 1999,and HR11.0,HR2∼0.2compared to0.89and0.00). While the feature is clearly extended from NGC6217to the SW it can not be resolved by the PSPC in the per-pendicular direction.As Fig.2demonstrates,there is no indication of a similar feature on the opposite side of the galaxy.To analyze the HRI observations we merged the event sets,corrected the pointing directions with a time resolu-tion of40s using the bright soft source RE J1629+780as4W.Pietsch and H.Arp:A possible X-ray jet from the starburst galaxy NGC6217Fig.5.Contour plot of the field around NGC 6217from the NVSS Stokes I image (restoring beam width 45′′FWHM,rms brightness fluctuations about 0.45mJy/beam)superimposed on the ROSAT PSPC hard band (0.5–2.0keV)image from Fig.3.Radio contours are 1,2,4,8,16,and 32mJy/beamreference.Finally,we screened the data for times of high background which reduced the useful time of exposure by more than 27%to 179793s.Because the PSPC collects at least 2.5times the photons and in addition has a lower background than the HRI the faint emission to the SW of NGC 6217is just marginally detected.Due to the rel-atively large off-axis position of NGC 6217one also does not gain much due to the better intrinsic spatial resolu-tion of the HRI as the point spread function is dominated by the X-ray telescope (Aschenbach 1988).However,the HRI results still can be used to confirm the PSPC result.To further reduce the background due to UV emission and cosmic rays,we used HRI raw channels 2–8.An HRI im-age (0.1–2.4keV)was constructed with a bin size of 2.′′5and adaptively smoothed by convolution with a circular top hat kernel using 100counts.Iso-intensity contours of the resulting HRI image are superimposed on a PSPC 0.5–2.0keV gray-scale image in Fig.3and nicely confirm the brighter PSPC structures with slightly better resolution.3.DiscussionBoth,in the PSPC and the HRI the main part (at least ∼80%)of the X-ray emission of NGC 6217is not re-solved and appears as a point-like source with a jet-like feature emanating to the SW.The thin thermal compo-nent of the unabsorbed X-ray spectrum of NGC 6217most likely arises in the nuclear starburst area of the galaxy,while the power law may reflect the unabsorbed jet com-ponent within a few kpc of the nucleus.The active nu-cleus most likely is heavily obscured and –similar to many other Seyfert 2nuclei –not detected in the ROSAT band (see e.g.Moran et al.2001).The radio flux density of NGC 6217is close to that of the optical flux density and the galaxy therefore has to be classified as radio quiet (Kellermann et al.1989).Before discussing the X-ray feature to the SW of NGC 6217as an X-ray jet we want to investigate the question as to whether the extent could be an accidental alignment of unrelated X-ray sources.Figs.1,A.1,and also Fig.3show that this could be possible.However,it would require at least three very closely spaced sources to be aligned rather exactly with the nucleus of the galaxy.This seems rather unlikely but certainly can not be ex-cluded by the PSPC and HRI observations.Therefore we have to look for additional arguments from other wave-lengths.Radio observations provide additional evidence for jet-like emission from NGC 6217.There is not only arcsec-scale extended emission from the nuclear area (Hummel et al.1984),but also VLA radio maps at 1.49GHz (Condon 1987)and NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS,Condon et al.1998)reveal a complicated extended ra-dio source on arcmin-scale with an extension coming out to ∼2′,exactly along the line of the X-ray extension (see Fig.5)which might represent a radio jet.Unfortunately,the resolution and sensitivity of the observations is not sufficient to make a clear radio jet identification.There is no optical correspondence at the position of the X-ray feature on either the POSS II plates (see Fig.1for an overlay of PSPC 0.5–2.0keV band contours on the digitized POSS II blue image)or the 200-inch tele-scope photograph.Also the Hubble Space Telescope imag-ing survey of nearby active galactic nuclei (Malkan et al.1998)reveals no clear hint of a jet from the inner few arc-sec around the nucleus.Since the interior of the galaxy is barred,it is difficult to judge the position of the minor axis.But using the outer isophotes of the Schmidt plates it is possible to estimate that the direction of the x-ray feature is in the quadrant in which the minor axis lies (and also perpendicular to the bar).On the other hand,there are also no clear optical counterparts along the X-ray feature as might be expected if it were an accidental alignment of unrelated sources.Such counterparts have been found for many of the other sources of similar X-ray brightness in the field (see Table 2).For the further discussion we assume that the X-ray feature originates from the nuclear area of NGC 6217.This then would point at two possible explanations for the feature,a galactic superwind driven by a nuclear star-burst or a one-sided jet originating from an active nucleus in NGC 6217.Nuclear starbursts have been observed for several nearby galaxies leading to X-ray emission far out in the halos of galaxies (e.g.Dahlem et al.1998).However,there the X-ray emission only stays collimated within the disk of the galaxies and fills large parts of the galaxy halos,as e.g.the plume and outer halo emission in NGC 253(PietschW.Pietsch and H.Arp:A possible X-ray jet from the starburst galaxy NGC62175 Table1.Parameters of X-ray jets.Cen A 3.5240 2.82.4·10390.1–2.4keV band,radio,faint X-ray counter-jet1,2M8717.011.5 1.01.9·10402–10keV band,radio,optical,one-sided3NGC621724.616018.81.7·10390.5–2.0keV band,radio,one-sided this workPictor A151115856.8·10402–10keV band,radio,one-sided,hot spot43C27355022604.0·10430.5–8keV band,radio,optical,one-sided5PKS0637-752120012701.5·10442–10keV band,radio,optical,one-sided66W.Pietsch and H.Arp:A possible X-ray jet from the starburst galaxy NGC6217B¨o hringer,H.,Belsole,E.,Kennea,J.,et al.2001,A&A, 365,L181Bonatto,C.,Pastoriza,M.G.,Alloin,D.,&Bica,E.1998, A&A,334,439Cecil,G.,Greenhill,L.J.,DePree,C.G.,et al.2000,ApJ, 536,675Condon,J.J.1987,ApJS,65,485Condon,J.J.,Cotton,W.D.,Greisen,E.W.,et al.1998, AJ,115,1693Condon,J.J.,Helou,G.,Sanders,D.B.,&Soifer,B.T. 1990,ApJS,73,359Cooke,B.A.,Barstow,M.A.,Pye,J.P.,et al.1992, Nature,355,61Dahlem,M.,Weaver,K.A.,&Heckman,T.M.1998, ApJS,118,401Dickey,J.M.&Lockman,F.J.1990,ARA&A,28,215 D¨o bereiner,S.,Junkes,N.,Wagner,S.J.,et al.1996,ApJ, 470,L15Elfhag,T.,Booth,R.S.,Hoeglund,B.,Johansson,L.E.B.,&Sandqvist,A.1996,A&AS,115,439 Hasinger,G.,Burg,R.,Giacconi,R.,et al.1998,A&A, 329,482Hummel,E.,van der Hulst,J.M.,&Dickey,J.M.1984, A&A,134,207Irwin,M.,Maddox,S.,&McMahon,R.1994,Spectrum, 2,14Kellermann,K.I.,Sramek,R.,Schmidt,M.,Shaffer, D.B.,&Green,R.1989,AJ,98,1195Kennicutt,R.C.1992,ApJ,388,310Kraft,R.P.,Forman,W.,Jones,C.,et al.2000,ApJ,531, L9Maccacaro,T.,Gioia,I.M.,Wolter,A.,Zamorani,G.,& Stocke,J.T.1988,ApJ,326,680Malkan,M.A.,Gorjian,V.,&Tam,R.1998,ApJS,117, 25Marshall,H.L.,Harris,D.E.,Grimes,J.P.,et al.2001, ApJ,549,L167Mason,K.O.,Carrera,F.J.,Hasinger,G.,et al.2000, MNRAS,311,456Mittaz,J.P.D.,Carrera,F.J.,Romero-Colmenero,E., et al.1999,MNRAS,308,233Monet,D.,Bird,A.,Canzian,B.,Dahn,C.,et al.1998, A catalogue of astrometric standardsMoran,E.C.,Kay,L.E.,Davis,M.,Filippenko,A.V.,& Barth,A.J.2001,astro-ph0106519Nicholson,K.L.,Mittaz,J.P.D.,&Mason,K.O.1997, MNRAS,285,831Pfeffermann,E.,Briel,U.G.,Hippmann,H.,et al.1987, Proc.SPIE,733,519Pietsch,W.,Trinchieri,G.,&Vogler,A.1998,A&A,340, 351Pietsch,W.,Vogler,A.,Kahabka,P.,Jain,A.,&Klein, U.1994,A&A,284,386Pietsch,W.,Vogler,A.,Klein,U.,&Zinnecker,H.2000, A&A,360,24Polletta,M.,Bassani,L.,Malaguti,G.,Palumbo,G.G.C.,&Caroli,E.1996,ApJS,106,399Puchnarewicz,E.M.,Mason,K.O.,Carrera,F.J.,et al. 1997,MNRAS,291,177Rengelink,R.B.,Tang,Y.,de Bruyn,A.G.,et al.1997, A&AS,124,259Sandage,A.&Tammann,G.A.1981,A revised Shapley-Ames Catalog of bright galaxies(Washington:Carnegie Institution)Schwartz,D.A.,Marshall,H.L.,Lovell,J.E.J.,et al. 2000,ApJ,540,L69Tr¨u mper,J.1982,Adv.Space Res.,2,no.4,241Veron-Cetty,M.-P.&Veron,P.1998,A Catalogue of quasars and active nuclei,8th ed.(Garching:ESO Scientific Report Series vol no:18)Vogler,A.&Pietsch,W.1999,A&A,342,101 Wilson,A.S.,Young,A.J.,&Shopbell,P.L.2001,ApJ, 547,740Zimmermann,H.U.,Becker,W.,Belloni,T.,et al.1998, EXSAS User’s Guide,4th ed.(Garching:MPE Report 257)Appendix A:Identification of X-ray sourcesdetected in thefieldNinety-one sources are detected in the38.′3×38.′3field centered on RE J1629+780in the deep PSPC exposure. Table2shows their characteristics.Sources5,22,34,41, 44,57,68,78,and80have beenflagged as extended by the detection algorithm.While for most of them this might in-dicate overlapping PSF of nearby point sources,extended emission in22further confirms the galaxy cluster identifi-cation of the RIXOS program.Extended emission in80re-flects overlapping emission components from the hot inter-stellar medium and bright point sources in the NGC6217. The cases of source5and41/44will be discussed sepa-rately.To guide optical identifications we produced overlay plots of PSPC0.5-2.0keV band contours on the DSS2red and blue plates and inspected APM(Irwin et al.1994)finding charts and the USNO-A2Catalogue(Monet et al. 1998)from which we get positional accuracies for the op-tical candidates of better than1′′for USNO-A2(2′′for APM),optical magnitudes of the blue(O)and red(E) plates,and the color index O-E.Optical counterparts were searched for each in the∼r90X-ray X-ray error circle.If at all usually only one optical source correlates.For33 sources we give the higher accuracy USNO-A2identifica-tion candidate information in col.10of Table2(source number with magnitude from blue plate,the color index, and separation in arcsec between optical and X-ray po-sition following in parenthesis).For source42only APM information is available.For sources54,56,and62two USNO-A2sources are candidates for the identification.The bright source5includes3USNO-A2sources within its extent.The best correlation is given in the table.There are,however,two fainter objects within 15′′,i.e.U57709(18.2,0.7,12.6)and U57766(16.7,1.5,14.7). Comparing POSS I and II plates wefind that the bestW.Pietsch and H.Arp:A possible X-ray jet from the starburst galaxy NGC62177Fig.A.1.Contour plot superim-posed on exposure corrected and smoothed gray-scale image of the ROSAT PSPC hard band(0.5-2 keV,117ks low background integra-tion time)of the38.′3×38.′3field cen-tered on RE J1629+780.Contour levels are the same as in Fig. 1. Sources from the catalog are given as boxes with source numberscorrelating optical source U57802is a newly detected fast moving object with a proper motion(-170mas/yr in RA×cos(Dec)and110mas/yr in Dec).Most certainly two or even all three optical candidates contribute to the X-ray emission.To investigate the reliability of the identifications and allow rough classification in foreground stars and AGN, we have added in col.11log(f x/f v)=log(f x)+(m v/2.5) +5.37(see Maccacaro et al.1988).This X-ray to optical luminosity relation can be used to discriminate between stars,for which log(f x/f v)is generally<-1,and AGN for which this quantity is in the range-1.2to+1.2(see also Pietsch et al.1998;Vogler&Pietsch1999).X-rayfluxes in the0.5–2.0keV band have been determined from the count rates assuming a power law spectrum with photon index of2,corrected for Galactic absorption(see Sect.2). For f v we used the red magnitude of thefirst identification candidate.Some of the brighter X-ray sources in Fig.A.1(sources 22,39,48,68,76,80,and88)have already been inves-tigated in the RIXOS program(Nicholson et al.1997; Puchnarewicz et al.1997;Mason et al.2000,see col.10 of Table2).They were identified with the help of optical spectroscopy as a cluster of galaxies,AGN,star,AGN, AGN,star,emission line galaxy,and AGN,respectively. The AGN and stars nicely confirm the log(f x/f v)classifica-tion scheme.One of the AGN(source60with a redshift of 0.358)is very red and could be absorbed by some outlying dust from NGC6217.This would be a further incentive to spectroscopically identify the fainter candidates near the galaxy.While in the soft band the emission of RE J1629+780 dominates the central ares of thefield,in the0.5–2.0keV band there is a smooth transition from source41(i.e.RE J1629+780)to44indicating the contribution from even another source at intermediate position which from the optical overlays can be identified with a blue stellar object cataloged in APM with a blue magnitude of20.1,color 0.1,at position(epoch J2000.0)RA=16h29m18.s9,Dec= +78◦05′14′′.Wefindfive correlations of the X-ray source list with the1.4GHz NRAO/VLA Sky Survey(NVSS,Condon et al.1998)radio source catalogs,one of which is also con-tained in the325MHz Westerbork Northern Sky Survey (WENSS,Rengelink et al.1997)catalog.The brightest source is NGC6217.The second brightest source is also identified with a optical source and most likely is,based on the optical color and log(f x/f v),a radio galaxy.The other three sources have no optical counterparts and are most likely radio-loud AGN.。