2018届甘肃省兰州市高三第二次实战考试英语试题

2018届甘肃省兰州市高三第二次实战考试英语试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文、从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ALibraries are doing well in the digital times. Here are some of the most awesome examples.1. Freiburg University Library, GermanyThe original library of the Freiburg University was rebuilt in 2015 following the project of Degelo Architects. The new building has 41,000 square meters and looks like a cut diamond. Inside, there are 1,200 workspaces in four reading rooms plus 500 work areas. The library offers in the basement a system of automated checkout machines and 700,000 volumes that can be borrowed.2. Microlibrary at Taman Bima, IndonesiaThis wonderful little public library is located in a Kampung neighborhood near the Bandung airport, Indonesia. The building was designed by the Bandung office of SHAU architect studio. It has 160 square meters and is built upon a preexisting stage that was already used by the local community for events and gatherings. The Bima public library is the first of a series of similar microlibraries that are planned to be built across Indonesia.3. Public Library of Constitución, ChileThe city in Constitución, Chile, was devastated by 8.8 degrees earthquake in 2010. The new public library, designed by Sebastian Irarrázaval, is a part of the initiative to rebuild the city. Constitución is one of the biggest clusters of wood production in Chile. This heritage is reflected in the construction of this post-disaster library. It’s made almost entirely of wood, and only the firewalls are done with exposed poured concrete. The internal area of the library exceeds 350 square meters. The building was opened in 2015, five years after the earthquake.4. LiYuan Library, ChinaBuilt in 2011 in a small village o Huairou on the outskirts（郊区）of Beijing, this beautiful nature-inspired library was designed by Li Xiaodong. The 175-square-meter building’s interior is spatially diverse by using steps and small level changes to create distinct places. The wooden sticks temper the bright light and spread it evenly throughout the space to give a perfect reading environment. The library closes at dusk because there is no electricity in it.1. Which of the following libraries is the biggest one?A. LiYuan LibraryB. Microlibrary at Taman BimaC. Freiburg University LibraryD. Public Library of Constitución2. If you want to see a library made entirely of wood, you can go to ________.A. ChileB. ChinaC. IndonesiaD. Germany3. What is special about LiYuan Library?A. It opens 24 hours a day.B. It has no electricity supply.C. It is the biggest library in China.D. It is directly exposed to the sunlight.BMark is always engaged in his work. But this time he felt that it was time for him to take part in his community, so he went to the neighborhood meeting after work. The area city council woman was leading a discussion about how the quality of life was on the decline. The neighborhood faced many problems. Mark looked at the charts taped to the walls. There were charts for parking problems, crime, and for problems in empty buildings. Mark read from the charts, “Police patrols cut back, illegal parking up 20%”. People were supposed to suggest solutions to the council woman. It was too much for Mark. “The problems are too big”, he thought. He turned to the man next to him and said, “I think this is a waste of my time. Nothing I can do would make a difference here.”As he neared the bus stop on his way home, Mark saw a woman carrying a grocery bag, and a baby. As Mark got closer, her other child, a little boy, suddenly ran into the street. The woman tried to reach for him, but as she moved, her bag shifted, and groceries started to fall out. Mark ran to take the boy’s arm and led him back to his mother. “You gotta stay with mom,” he said. Then he picked up the stray groceries while and the woman smiled in relief. “Thanks,” she said, “You’ve got great timing.”“Just being neighborly,” Mark said. As he rode home, he glanced at the walls of bus. On one of them was “Small acts of kindness add up.”Mark smiled and thought, “Maybe that’s a good place to start.”4. What was being discussed when Mark arrived at the neighborhood meeting?A. The high price of grocery.B. The education problem of children.C. The worsening of quality of life.D. The housing conditions in the community.5. What’s Mark’s opinion about the community problems according to the first paragraph?A. People could solve the problems by themselves.B. He didn’t have the ability to solve such problems.C. He didn’t have enough time to solve the problems.D. People were too selfish to help others solve the problems.6. What does the underlined words “Small acts of kindness add up” mean in the last paragraph?A. All small acts will add up to kindness.B. Everyone should try his best to do good deeds.C. All small kind acts can make people grow up quickly.D. Everyone can play his own part to make things better.7. What can we learn from this passage?A. Mark always played an active part in community activities.B. Visual aids were used to display the seriousness of problems.C. Many people were discouraged by the problems facing them.D. The city council woman was responsible for the falling of life quality.CIt is important to protect yourself from harmful rays. But if you think a high-factor sunscreen keeps you safe from harmful rays, you may be wrong. Research in this week’s Nature shows that while factor 50 reduces the number of melanomas（黑瘤）and delays their occurrence, it can’t prevent them. Melanomas are the most aggressive skin cancers. You have a higher risk if you have red or blond hair, fair skin, blue or green eyes, or sunburn easily, or if a close relative has had one. Melanomas are more common if you have periodic intense exposure to the sun. Other skin cancers are increasingly likely with long-term exposure.There is continuing debate as to how effective sunscreen is in reducing melanomas – the evidence is weaker than it is for preventing other types of skin cancer. A 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people found that people randomly selected to apply sunscreen daily had half the rate of melanomas of people who used cream as needed. A second study, comparing 1,167 people with melanomas to 1.101 who didn’t have the cancer, found that using sunscreen routinely, alongside other protection such as hats, long sleeves or staying in the shade, did give some protection. This study said other forms of sun protection –no sunscreen –seemed most beneficial. The study relied on people remembering what they had done over each decade of their lives, so it’s not entirely reliable. But it seems reasonable to think sunscreen gives people a false sense of security in the sun.Many people also don’t use sunscreen properly applying insufficient amounts, failing to reapply after a couple of hours and staying in the sun too long. It is sunburn that is most worrying – recent research shows five episodes of sunburn in the teenage years increases the risk of all skin cancers.The good news is that a combination of sunscreen and covering up can reduce melanoma rates, as shown by Australian figures from their slip-slop-slap campaign. So if there is a heat wave this summer, it would be best for us, too, to slip on a shirt, use sunscreen and slap on a hat.8. What’s people’s common expectation of high-factor sunscreen?A. It will protect them from sunburn.B. It will keep their skin smooth ad fair.C. It will work for people of any skin color.D. It will delay the occurrence of skin cancer.9. What can we learn from the second paragraph?A. Sunscreen can prevent all kinds of skin cancers.B. The studies are based on direct observation of the subjects.C. The studies may help people select the most effective sunscreen.D. Daily application of sunscreen helps reduce the incidence of melanomas.10. What does the author suggest in order to reduce melanoma rates?A. Staying in the shade whenever possible.B. Using covering up instead of sunscreen.C. Using both covering up and sunscreen.D. Applying the right amount of sunscreen.11. What is the best title for the text?A. No Way to Stop Harmful Rays!B. Does Sunscreen Prevent Skin Cancer?C. Did You Use Sunscreen In the Right Way?D. Skin Cancer-The Biggest Threat to Human Beings!DLUKLA, Nepal(Xinhua) – Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West, once negatively recognized as the “world’s highest junkyard”, is set to become cleaner as 30,000 porters（搬运工）have been mobilized（动员）for waste collection and disposal from the mountain’s southern side. The cleanup drive was launched recently near Lukla airport, one of the world’s most dangerous airports yet a vital gateway to the world’s highest peak.“Our major task is to keep Everest, which is the pride of the world, clean. This campaign aims to transport 100 tons of nonburnable garbage from the Everest region to Kathmandu in 2018,”Ang Dorje Sherpa, chairman of the Sagarmatha Pollution Control Committee said.The SPCC, an environmental conversation organization, has made it mandatory（强制性）since 2013 that every climber should carry down 8 kilograms of trash, but for trekkers（旅行者）there is no such regulation. Due to this, more than 100 tons of waste gets collected in the region annually.According to Nepalese government statistics, nearly 50,000 domestic and foreign trekkers visit the Qomolangma region annually, while more than 400 mountaineers attempt to scale the peak. The collected waste mostly includes empty beer bottles and cans, oxygen bottles, torn tents and sleeping bags, food bins, and discarded mountaineering and trekking equipment. The trash was collected by local groups in more than a dozen villages while the waste was transported down the mountain in sacks（麻布袋）by porters and yak-hybrid animals as zopkyos. The cleanup covered settlements from up to 5,000 meters near the base camp, to Lukla airport located at an altitude of 2,805 meters.On the first day of the campaign, several tons of waste was sent off to Kathmando from Lulka on planes belonging to Tara Airlines, one of the leading private airlines in Nepal. The airlines have set an ambitious target of flying out 100 tons of waste from the region in 2018, as a part of its commitment to the UN Sustainable Development Goals against climate change. The company’s CEO Umesh Chandra Rai said: “We hope that this campaign will help the local people to maintain a pristine（原始的）, natural and unspoiled environment so that more trekkers will come from everywhere, making the trekking industry here more sustainable.”12. What’s the first paragraph mainly about?A. The basic situation of Mount Everest.B. The introduction of the clean-up campaign.C. The unique way to prevent environment pollution.D. The description of the most dangerous airport in the word.13. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. The rule for visitors made by the local travel agencies.B. The clean-up campaign launched by Ang Dorje Sherpa.C. The demand for the climbers made by the SPCC since 2013.D. The law for the local people made by the Nepalese government.14. How does the author indicate that the clean-up campaign is very tough?A. By listing figures.B. By making comparisons.C. By giving some examples.D. By analyzing some causes.15. What’s Umesh Chandra Rai’s attitude towards the clean-up campaign?A. Doubtful.B. Curious.C. Enthusiastic.D. Unfavorable.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。