定语从句辅导专题3

定语从句讲学案（三）

学习目标： 1.掌握介词+which类引导词中介词的选择方法

2.掌握定语从句与强调句式的区别

3.掌握带有插入语的定语从句

4. 掌握定语从句中which和that的区别

重难点：以上都是重点、考点

学习方法：探究法

学习过程：

第一：掌握定语从句中which 和that的辨异

1.通常只能用that的情况

①当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, few, none, , anything, nothing，everything等时(something后可以用which)。

②先行词既包含人又包含物时.They talked about things and persons that they remembered。

③先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。

④先行词被the only,both,the very ,all ,no,little/few,much, any, every,修饰时。

⑤先行词是疑问词who, what, which时或先行词在由which, who引导的特殊疑问句中时。

Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess?

2.通常只能用which的情况

①引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时。

②如果句中有两个定语从句，其中一个用了that,另一个最好用which。

Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.

③先行词本身就是that时。

I have that which you gave me.我有你给的那个。

④介词之后须用which.

This is the one of which I’m speaking. 这就是我所讲的那个。

第二：介词+which类引导词中介词的选择方法

1.根据从句中的动词、形容词、与介词的固定搭配而定。

He is the man on whom I think you can depend .

The goals for which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

The girl with whom you work is his girlfriend.

We assume that the meanings of these underwater sounds are similar to those with which we are familiar on land.

2.根据先行词来判断介词

所选用的介词与先行词构成固定搭配。比如：at the rate, in the direction, to the extent, to the degree,等，此类短语在句中做（）语。

a. About a thousand species of animals are in danger of extinction, and the rate at which they are being destroyed has increased.

b.When the television was first introduced, the extent to which it would affect society could not have been foreseen.

先行词与从句中相关名词的关系。例如：

By nine o’clock , all the Olympic torch bears had reached the top of the Mount Qomolangma, appeared a rare rainbow soon.

A. of which

B. on which

C. from which

D. above which

第三步：带有插入语的定语从句

所谓带有插入语的定语从句，即是指在有些定语从句的关系词后边往往紧跟一个“主谓结构”，但这个“主谓结构”并非从句的主谓语，而是一个表达个人观点的插入语。例句：

a. He ran all the way from the station , which I thought was incredible.

b.This is the woman artists said posed(使摆姿势; 以…身份出现) as a model for the painting.

A. whose

B. who

C. which

D. whom

c. It was such a serious mistake, _____ caused by carelessness.

A. which I think was

B. which I think it was

C. I think which was

D. I think which it was

第四步：定语从句和强调句式的区别

用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。

①It is on the morning of May 1st _________ I met Liang Wei at the airport．

②It is the factory _________ Mr Wang works．

解析：定语从句与强调句的主要区别方法是：

把强调句中的It is／was去掉，再把被强调部分还原，在不增加或减少任何单词的情况下，如句子仍然成立则为强调句，否则为定语从句。

因此：先将第①小题改为：I met Liang Wei on the morning of May 1st at the airport．显然，这句话是正确的，故为强调句。②小题则是定语从句，用上述方法转换便知the factory前差个介词in，故填where。

特别注意：这一句型中，一定不能因为被强调部分是表时间或地点的词就用when或where代替that。

常考点：强调句型常与定语从句或同位语从句同时考察

第五步：定语从句与习惯句型

用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。

①It is the first time ________ she has been in Shanghai．

②It was the time ________ Chinese people had a hard life．

解析：这里①小题是一个习惯句型，其结构为：It is／was the first／second ．．．time ＋that从句。故①填that，其意为：这是她第一次在上海。②小题the time是先行词，其后是表示时间的定语从句，故填when。

1. Who _____ has common sense will do such a thing?

A. which

B. who

C. whom

D. that

2. On my way home in the street I saw a lady ___ I thought was your aunt.

A. who

B. whom

C. which

D. whose

3. All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.

A. that

B. those

C. which

D. what

4. They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front.

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. where

5. I’ll tell you _____ he told me last night.

A. all which

B. all what

C. that all

D. all

6. Which sentence is wrong?

A. The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.

B. Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform?

C. Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land.

D. People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth.

7. The English play ______ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.

A for which

B at which

C in which

D on wich

8. The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.

A. when

B. during that

C. in which

D. which

9. Mr. Crossett will never forget the day _____ he spent with his various students.

A. when

B. which

C. during which

D. on which

10. It was such a serious mistake, _____ caused by carelessness.

A. which I think was

B. which I think it was

C. I think which was

D. I think which it was

11. I gave him a warning, _____ he turned a deaf ear.

A. of which

B. for which

C. to that

D. to which

高考链接：

1. Eric received training in computer for one year, _____ he found a job in a big company. [2007 辽宁]

A. after that

B. after which

C. after it

D. after this

2、(06陕西)8.She was educated at Beijing University, __ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.

A. after which

B. from which

C. from that

D. after that

3. He was educated at a local grammar school, ________ he went on to Cambridge. （05山东卷）