2019高考英语一轮优编选题 Unit 2 Cloning新人教版选修8

Unit 2 Cloning
一、阅读理解。

Sometimes, you just can't help it. Maybe you're watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, there's a lump in your throat, your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks.
A professor of psychology at Tilburg University, in the Netherlands,has studied crying.According to Vingerhoets, there're three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the world.Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally, there're emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets.
Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. “Humans are very complex social creatures,” says Lauren Bylsma, a professor from Pittsburgh University, in Pennsylvania. “It seems that tears can make them get help and support from others.”
She says another reason why we weep is that humans have the longest developmental period of almost any animal. It takes a long time to grow up.
Vingerhoets agrees. “I think that the reason why humans shed(流出)emotional tears has to do with our prolonged(延长的) childhood,” he says. “That's the time when we're still dependent on adults for love,protection and care. The major advantage of tears is t hat you can target them at a specific person.”
Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Loud crying could attract predators(捕食者). Tears were a safer way to get attenti on. “In this case, it's better to use a silent signal to ask for help,” he says. Vingerhoets and Bylsma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry.
1.The tears mentioned in Paragraph 1 should belong to ________.
A.basal tears
B.reflex tears
C.happy tears
D.emotional tears
2.What is Vingerhoets' attitude to the effects of tears?
A.Passive.
B.Positive.
C.Doubtful.
D.Indifferent.
3.The underlined phrase of “a silent signal” probably refers to ________.
A.a written language
B.predators
C.tears
D.loud crying
4.What is the best title of the text?
A.Types of Tears
B.Precious Tears
C.Secrets of Tears
D.On Tears
参考答案： 1.D; 2.B; 3.C; 4.C
解析： 1.[推理判断题。

根据第二段Finally, there're emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,” explains V ingerhoets.可推断出,第一段提到的泪水属于emotional tears。

]
2.[态度判断题。

根据倒数第二段可知其实文中这两位科学都认为泪水有好处,即积极看待眼泪。

]
3.[词义猜测题。

根据文中划线前Tears were a safer way to get attention.的叙述可知,在这种情况下(在史前时期人类大声哭泣会引来危险的动物),最好用这种“无声的信号”来寻求帮助。

因此这种无声的信号就是前面所指的“眼泪”。

]
4.[标题归纳题。

文章从科学研究的角度对眼泪的种类、哭的原因等做了科学的分析,揭示了眼泪不为人知的秘密。

故该项用作文章的标题最佳。

]
二、单句语法填空
1．His efforts to raise money for his program were ___________ vain because no one
showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.
答案：in
2．The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist___________ (take) a close look at them, although she cannot afford them at present.
答案：taking
3．The students are forbidden, unless they have special passes, ___________ (stay) out after 11 p．m.
答案：to stay
4．This is only an ___________ (assume) that they won’t spend too much on the decoration of the house.
答案：assumption
5．Liu Lei insisted that he merely did what everybody would have done and strongly objected to___________ (call) a hero.
答案：being called
6．Not having prepared well, you are bound ___________ (suffer) great losses in the commercial trade.
答案：to suffer
7．The project ___________ (undertake) by the young engineer on his own turned out to be very successful.
答案：undertaken
8．Why bother ___________ (go) abroad to study, when there are so many good universities at home?
答案：going/to go
9．I wasn’t blaming anyone; I ___________ (mere) said errors like this could be avoided.
答案：merely
10．(2018·四川自贡一诊)Greatly ___________ (strike) by the beauty of the language, I thought how even today Shakespeare’s writing remains powerful and true.
答案：struck
三、完形填空。

My parents owned a 500-acre farm in Montana when I was young. Life there was filled not just with fun and games but 1 as well. The lambing season was especially
hard. Montana’s freezing spring weather kept my parents watching 2 mamas at all hours of the day and night 3 a newborn lamb.
It was during this time of new life that my favorite childhood memory took place. One exceptionally 4 day, my mother spied a sheep trying to 5 her baby lamb and needed our 6 . My mother calmly held the sheep’s head and7 me to get hold
of the lamb’s protruding(伸出的) legs.
I 8 and must have had a look of panic on my face. The little things were
9 not something I wanted to touch. But I 10 my courage and wrapped my fingers 11 them. I can still remember the 12 of the unexpectedly delicate legs. My heart beat in fear and excitement 13 I pulled with all my strength. The lamb was delivered!
I was no 14 to seeing farm animals being born, but to have a 15 in it was something I will cherish forever. I’m sure everyone got very16 hearing me tell and retell my heroic story.
Looking back, I’m so glad that I didn’t17 to get my hands dirty. If I had, the miraculous moment and the precious memory would have been 18 . I try to instill(逐渐灌输) that life 19 into my children. Sometimes you need to get your hands a little dirty to experience something 20 and pure.
【文章大意】本文作者主要回顾了小时候在农场帮母亲给羊接生的故事及感想。

1. A. pleasure B. danger C. dilemma D. hardship
【解析】选D。

根据下文的“The lambing season was especially hard”可推知, 农场的
生活既充满乐趣也有艰辛。

pleasure 乐趣; danger危险; dilemma 进退两难的境地; hardship艰难。

故选D。

2. A. pregnant B. working
C. desperate
D. sleeping
【解析】选A。

结合下文的“a newborn lamb”可推知, 应选A项, 意为“怀孕的”。

3. A. at the risk of B. in case of
C. free from
D. in exchange for
【解析】选B。

根据语境可推知, 作者的父母当时日夜看护着怀孕的母羊以防有新羊羔诞生。

at the risk of 冒……风险; in case of以防; free from免受……; in exchange for 交换。

故选B。

4. A. warm B. cold C. mild D. hot
【解析】选B。

与上文的“Montana’s freezing spring weather”呼应可知, 此处表示“非常冷的(cold)一天”。

5. A. cure B. deliver C. hurt D. comfort 【解析】选B。

由上文中父母看护怀孕的母羊可知此处应为“生产”。

后文The lamb was delivered呼应此句。

6. A. notice B. support
C. help
D. operation
【解析】选C。

根据语境可知, 妈妈在照看即将生产的羊, 并需要我们的帮助(help)。

7. A. begged B. invited
C. forbade
D. instructed
【解析】选D。

根据语境可推知, 当时母亲在指导作者如何帮助羊生产。

beg乞求; invite 邀请; forbid 禁止; instruct指导。

故选D。

8. A. wondered B. resisted
C. suspected
D. hesitated
【解析】选D。

结合语境“and must have had a look of panic on my face”可推知, 作者当时有些惊慌失措, 所以犹豫了。

wonder 惊奇; resist 抵制; suspect 怀疑; hesitate 犹豫。

故选D。

9. A. surely B. hardly
C. only
D. hopefully
【解析】选A。

根据下文的转折可推知, 年幼的作者当时肯定(surely)是不想去触碰正在出生的小羊的。

故选A。

10. A. lost B. gathered
C. searched
D. lacked
【解析】选B。

根据上文的“The little thi ngs were ________not something I wanted to touch”不敢触碰, 然后转折可知此处表示作者鼓起勇气。

gather courage在此表示鼓起勇气, 符合语境。

11. A. beyond B. through
C. around
D. in
【解析】选C。

根据“wrapped”可知, 作者当时手握着新生羊羔的腿。

wrap sth. around sth. 为固定用法。

12. A. feel B. point C. sight D. thought
【解析】选A。

根据下文的“delicate legs”可推知, 此处表示的是触感(feel), 与上文的“touch”呼应。

13. A. because B. as
C. if
D. unless
【解析】选B。

此处表示当作者用尽力气帮助母羊接生时, 作者感到既害怕又兴奋。

as意为“当……时候”, 引导时间状语从句。

14. A. stranger B. beginner
C. newcomer
D. speaker
【解析】选A。

此处表示看农场上的动物出生对作者来说并不陌生。

stranger 陌生人; beginner 初学者; newcomer 新来的人; speaker演讲者。

故选A。

15. A. memory B. hand
C. look
D. difference
【解析】选B。

但是亲自参与接生这件事作者将会永远珍视。

have a hand in sth. 意为“参与某事”。

16. A. proud of B. excited about
C. tired of
D. sorry for
【解析】选C。

根据“tell and retell”可推知, 作者反复地讲自己的英雄事迹, 自然会让人觉得厌烦。

此处为作者用诙谐的口吻叙事。

proud of 对……自豪; excited about 对……激动; tired of 对……厌烦; sorry for对……抱歉。

故选C。

17. A. refuse B. promise
C. choose
D. pause
【解析】选A。

根据上文可知, 作者当时没有拒绝帮羊接生, 这让作者感到高兴。

refuse 拒绝。

18. A. kept B. lost
C. ignored
D. forgotten
【解析】选B。

由上文的“my favorite childhood memory”和“but to have a ________in it was something I will cherish forever”可知, 如果作者没有给羊接生, 那么作者就得不到这些珍贵的记忆, 也就是失去(lost)。

19. A. quality B. skill
C. lesson
D. standard
【解析】选C。

很明显, 作者想给孩子们灌输这一人生经验(lesson)。

20. A. upset B. funny
C. thrilling
D. amazing
【解析】选D。

由上文的“the miraculous moment and the precious memory”并结合空后的“and pure”可推知, 作者认为有时人们需要“把手变脏”来经历一些“精彩和纯净的事”。

upset心烦的; funny有趣的; thrilling 刺激的; amazing令人惊奇的。

故选D。

四、单句改错
1．A disadvantage of copying others’ homework is what you cannot master what you have learned.___________
答案：第一个what→that
2．—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? —Yeah, but I have no idea that he did it; tha t’s one of his favourite universities.___________
答案：第二个that→why
3．It suddenly struck to me that we ought to make a new plan.___________
答案：去掉第一个to或struck→occurred
4．(2018·湖南三校联考)You can go swimming in condition that you don’t go too far from the river bank.___________
答案：in→on
5．This morning my grandpa wrote his doctor a letter saying that he owes to her that he is still alive.___________
答案：在owes后加it
五、单元语法——同位语从句
1．(2018·武汉武昌区调研)Last term，I couldn’t accept the truth ___________ I failed in my math examination.
答案：that
2．(2018·天津十二区县联考)There is a strong possibility ___________ man will mainly depend on solar energy in the future.
答案：that
3．(2018·江西九江模拟)There is a popular view ___________ in city strangers are less likely to help an elderly person.
答案：that
4．The question ___________ we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet.
答案：whether
5．I have no idea ___________ the cellphone isn’t working, so could you fix it for me?
答案：why。