职称英语卫生类补全短文例题精讲

U.S., European drug officials approve inhaled insulin
A form of insulin for people with diabetes to take by mouth is expected to be sold within a few months. The new medicine is called Exubera.1 The United States Food and Drug Administration2 and the European Commission3 both recently approved it for adults. It could make life easier for many diabetics who require daily injections of insulin to control their blood sugar levels. But it will not replace all insulin injections. And it is not for everyone. People who smoke or have stopped smoking for less than six months should not take Exubera. __________(1)__________
Three drug companies -- Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis and Nektar Therapeutics -- developed the inhaled insulin.
__________(2)__________ Experts say about fifteen percent of diabetics who need insulin do not take it. The treatment can involve several injections each day.
Insulin is a hormone that the body uses to change food into energy. Failure to control blood sugar levels can lead to serious problems, including blindness and loss of blood flow to the feet. It can also lead to heart disease, stroke and kidney failure.4 Insulin has been sold as a drug since the nineteen twenties. This is the first new way to take it. Exubera uses a powder breathed into the lungs through a mouthpiece. Pfizer will study the long-term effects. It says some patients have reported a mild cough while using the inhaled insulin. __________(3)__________
Many people do not know they have diabetes. There are two forms. Most diabetics have the Type Two form. Their body does not make enough insulin or cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. __________(4)__________ Most Type Two diabetics do not take insulin. Their medicines can be taken by mouth. Diet, exercise and weight control are also important. Type One diabetes often begins in childhood. __________(5)__________
Officials say diabetics with either type could use inhaled insulin, either before or after a meal. But Type One diabetics and some with Type Two would still need a longer-lasting injection at least once a day.
词汇：
inhale vt. 吸⼊ vi. 吸⽓
insulin n. 胰岛素
diabetes n. 糖尿病;多尿症
diabetic adj. 糖尿病的 n. 糖尿病患者
injection n. 注射;注射液，针剂
therapeutics n. 治疗学;疗法，治疗
hormone n. 激素，荷尔蒙
stroke n.(疾病)发作;中风
mouthpiece n. 接⼝管
注释：
1. Exubera：⼀种胰岛素雾化吸⼊剂的商品名
2. United States Food and Drug Administration：美国⾷品及药品管理局
3. European Commission：欧盟委员会(简称欧委会，是欧盟的常设机构，也是欧盟有权起草法令的机构)
4. kidney failure：肾衰竭(这⾥failure是“衰竭”的意思)
练习：
A With this type the body is unable to produce insulin.
B Pfizer recently bought the rights to sell it worldwide.
C The control of their blood sugar levels is most important for patients with diabetes.
D It is common in people who are overweight and not active.
E Some patients with lung disease should not take it either.
F People are advised to have their lungs examined before using Exubera, and at least once a year after that.
　答案与题解：
1.分析⽂章标题：U.S., European(欧洲的) drug(药品) officials(官员) approve(批准) inhaled(被吸⼊的) insulin(胰岛素)
2.分析被选项：
A With this type(类型) the body is unable to produce insulin.
B Pfizer recently bought the rights to sell it worldwide.
C The control(控制) of their blood sugar(⾎糖) levels is most important for patients with diabetes.
D It is common in people who are overweight and not active.
E Some patients (病⼈)with lung disease should not take it either.
F People are advised to have their lungs examined before using Exubera(⼀种胰岛素雾化吸⼊剂的药品名), and at least once a year after that.
3.直接解题：
A With this type the body is unable to produce insulin.
B Pfizer recently bought the rights to sell it worldwide.
C The control of their blood sugar levels is most important for patients with diabetes.
D It is common in people who are overweight and not active.
E Some patients (病⼈)with lung disease (疾病)should not take it either(也/as well/ too, also).
F People are advised to have their lungs examined before using Exubera(⼀种胰岛素雾化吸⼊剂的药品名), and at least once a year after that.
A form of insulin for people with diabetes to take by mouth is expected to be sold within a few months. The new medicine is called Exubera.1 The United States Food and Drug Administration2 and the European Commission3 both recently approved it for adults. It could make life easier for many diabetics who require daily injections of insulin to control their blood sugar levels. But it will not replace all insulin injections. And it is not for everyone. People who smoke or have stopped smoking for less than (⼩于)six months should not take Exubera(⼀种胰岛素雾化吸⼊剂的药品名).
__________(1)__________
1.E. 选项E和选项F可能是答案：这两个选项中均分别有3个词语与空格前句中的词语形成呼应：E(patients – people; lung disease – smoke; take - take); F(people – people; lungs – smoke, Exubera - Exubra)。

选项E中的代词it在空格前句中有指代的内容 --- 指代Exubra，⽽且E与空格前句形成⼀种排⽐句的结构(主语 + should not take + 宾语)，因此E是答案。

A With this type the body is unable to produce insulin.
B Pfizer recently(最近) bought(购买) the rights(权利) to sell(出售，卖) it worldwide(世界范围地，全世界的).
C The control of their blood sugar levels is most important for patients with diabetes.
D It is common(常见的，共同的) in people who are overweight and not active.
F People are advised to have their lungs examined before using Exubera(⼀种胰岛素雾化吸⼊剂的药品名), and at least once a year after that.
Three drug companies(公司) -- Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis and Nektar Therapeutics – developed(研制，发展，患病) the inhaled(被吸⼊的) insulin(胰岛素). __________(2)__________ Experts say about fifteen percent of diabetics who need insulin do not take it. The treatment can involve several injections each day.
2.B. 空格前出现了Pfizer，因此⾸先重点关注选项B，⽽选项B中的代词it在前⽂中有指代的内容，指代“the inhaled insulin”，因此B是答案。

A With this type the body is unable to produce insulin.
C The control of their blood sugar levels is most important for patients with diabetes.
D It is common in people who are overweight and not active.
F People are advised to have their lungs examined before using Exubera(⼀种胰岛素雾化吸⼊剂的药品名), and at least once a year after that.
Insulin is a hormone that the body uses to change food into energy. Failure to control blood sugar levels can lead to serious problems, including blindness and loss of blood flow to the feet. It can also lead to heart disease, stroke and kidney failure.4 Insulin has been sold as a drug since the nineteen twenties. This is the first new way to take it. Exubera uses a powder breathed into the lungs through a mouthpiece. Pfizer will study the long-term effects. It says(说) some patients have reported(报告) a mild(轻微的，温和的) cough (咳嗽)while using the inhaled insulin. __________(3)__________ .
3.F. F中有3处词语与空格前句中的词语形成呼应：people – some patients, lungs – a mild cough, using – using, 因此F很可能是答案。

A With this type the body is unable to (不能...)produce(⽣产，制造，引起) insulin.
C The control of their blood sugar levels is most(⾮常，最多) important(重要的) for patients with diabetes.
D It is common(常见的，共有的，普通的) in(among) people who are overweight(超重的) and not active(活跃的，积极的).
Many people do not know they have diabetes. There are two forms. Most diabetics have the Type Two form. Their body does not make enough(⾜够的) insulin(胰岛素) or cannot effectively(有效地) use the insulin it 指⾝体produces(产⽣).
__________(4)__________ Most Type Two diabetics(糖尿病患者) do not take insulin.
4.D. their body – the body, type – type, insulin – insulin，但是A的语意与空格前句的句意⽭盾(空格前句提到⾝体不能产⽣⾜够的胰岛素)，⽽A说“⾝体不能产⽣胰岛素”，因此A不是答案。

答案为D：D中的代词it指代前句中提到的情况“病⼈的⾝体⾥不能产⽣⾜够的胰岛素，或不能有效地利⽤⾝体⾥产⽣的胰岛素”。

A With this type the body is unable to produce insulin.
C The control of their blood sugar levels(⾎糖浓度) is most important (⾮常重要的)for patients(病⼈) with diabetes.
Their medicines can be taken by mouth. Diet, exercise and weight control are also importan t . T y p e O n e d i a b e t e s o f t e n b e g i n s i n c h i l d h o o d . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ( 5 ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ / p >。