医学英语-unit 7
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麻醉是一种使人暂时失去身体感觉和知觉的特殊治疗方式。它被广泛应用 于通常会产生剧烈疼痛的各种医疗措施，尤其是外科手术。
Anesthesia
The professional health care worker for anesthesia is called an anesthetist. Anesthesia is done before the surgeon starts the operation.
sterilized prevent infection
aseptic technique
infection: infected, anti-infection, disinfectant, infectious, contagious
sterile: sterilize, sterilized, sterilization
Work in groups to complete the dialogue according to the hints above and role-play it.
The Classification of Surgery
Surgery
Urgency 紧迫性
Purpose 目的
Types 类型
1946年，美国某医学院二年级学生莫顿在进行手术麻醉实验时， 发明了一种叫乙醚的药物，对人的神经有着强有力的麻醉作用。这一 医学重大发明，在外科手术史上有着跨时代的意义。 当莫顿以乙醚麻醉的发明者身份向美国政府申请专利时，他的老 师韦尔斯和曾经给他的实验以启发的化学教授杰克逊，都赶来与莫顿 争名夺利，并演变成一场官司。可能失去乙醚发明者的身份带来的痛 苦，无时无刻不折磨着他们每一个人的身心，所以这场官司三个人打 了多年也毫无结果。最后杰克逊得了精神病，韦尔斯自杀身亡，莫顿 因郁结闷气而脑出血丧命。 原本是为了减少病人的疼痛发明的麻醉剂却没能麻醉三个人的功 利心。
The member of surgical team
instrument nurse circulating nurse 器械护士 巡回护士
surgeon
assistant
外科医生
助理
anesthetist
asurgical team
Discussion: 1. Do you know the main task of the surgeon? 2. What is their terms of reference of the instrument nurses?
Anesthesia
Anesthesia is a special type of treatment which temporarily takes away the patient’s bodily feelings and sensations. It is widely used for various kind of medical treatment, especially surgery, which usually causes lots of pain.
3. Give us the job description of the assistant.
The Principles of Modern Surgery
Brain storm: What do we need to operate on a patient?
theater
surgical instrument gown/gloves/mask
局部麻醉抑制身体特定部位的感觉，因此常被用于小型手术。相比局部麻 醉而言，区域麻醉的抑制范围更大。
Anesthesia
Dissociative anesthesia makes the person lose sensation in the whole body without loss consciousness. General anesthesia makes the person lose not only sensation in the whole body but consciousness as well
分离麻醉可以使人失去全身的感觉，但不失去意识。全身麻醉不仅会使 人失去全部感觉，而且也会丧失意识。
Thank You
contaminate: contamination, contaminated, contaminant
aseptic: asepsis, aseptic technique
Listening to a short passage and fill in the blanks
1) infection,
4. Take antibiotics the day before the operation
5. Have an enema the night before the operation 6. Take no food or drink after 8 o’clock the night before the operation
???
乙醚麻醉剂
18世纪以前，由于没有麻醉剂，外科手术是一件非常可怕的事情。 为了做手术，有的医生用绞勒的方法使病人暂时窒息；有的则用放血 或压住颈部血管的方法使病人的大脑暂时缺血而昏迷；有的干脆用一 根木棒猛击病人的头顶，使病人失去知觉……这些野蛮的做法给病人 带来了巨大的痛苦：有的在手术中突然惊醒，痛得大喊大叫；有的在 手术后留下了脑震荡等后遗症；有的甚至因此而丧失生命。
2)considered,
3) placed together with
4) Involved in
5) disinfectant
6) assisted.
Postoperative Care
Severe complications may occur within a few hours of the surgery due to the anaesthesia and surgery itself. Close attention should be paid to the patient’s vital signs and his surgical sites.
Develop nausea and vomiting Feel pain and uncomfortable
Preoperative Preparation
1. Have blood tests 2. Have a conversation with the surgeon and sign the consent form 3. Eat low-residue diet for 3 days before the operation
complications Enlargement or bleeding solutions uncover the dressing and check the incision be careful to treat the symptoms, and inform the surgeon ASAP
区域麻醉
分离麻醉 全身麻醉
Anesthesia
Local anesthesia inhibits the sensation within a specific body part, so it is often used in small operations. Regional anesthesia takes away the sensation within larger area of the body than local anesthesia.
Unit 7
Surgeries
The member of surgical team
The surgical team provides continuous care for the patient before, during, and after surgery, including preoperative preparation, operative procedures, and postoperative recovery. The key members of the surgical team are surgeons, assistants, theater nurses, and anesthetists.
Elective 择期手术
SemiTransplantation Emergency Exploratory Therapeutic Amputation Excision Replantation elective 移植术 急诊手术 探查手术 治疗手术 切断术 再植术 切除术 限期手术
What is always associated with surgery?
实施麻醉的专业医护人员被称为麻醉师， 他们在外科医生开始做手术前为患者实 施麻醉。
Anesthesia
There are four types of anesthesia, namely local anesthesia, regional anesthesia, dissociative anesthesia, and general anesthesia. 局部麻醉
Anesthesia
The professional health care worker for anesthesia is called an anesthetist. Anesthesia is done before the surgeon starts the operation.
sterilized prevent infection
aseptic technique
infection: infected, anti-infection, disinfectant, infectious, contagious
sterile: sterilize, sterilized, sterilization
Work in groups to complete the dialogue according to the hints above and role-play it.
The Classification of Surgery
Surgery
Urgency 紧迫性
Purpose 目的
Types 类型
1946年，美国某医学院二年级学生莫顿在进行手术麻醉实验时， 发明了一种叫乙醚的药物，对人的神经有着强有力的麻醉作用。这一 医学重大发明，在外科手术史上有着跨时代的意义。 当莫顿以乙醚麻醉的发明者身份向美国政府申请专利时，他的老 师韦尔斯和曾经给他的实验以启发的化学教授杰克逊，都赶来与莫顿 争名夺利，并演变成一场官司。可能失去乙醚发明者的身份带来的痛 苦，无时无刻不折磨着他们每一个人的身心，所以这场官司三个人打 了多年也毫无结果。最后杰克逊得了精神病，韦尔斯自杀身亡，莫顿 因郁结闷气而脑出血丧命。 原本是为了减少病人的疼痛发明的麻醉剂却没能麻醉三个人的功 利心。
The member of surgical team
instrument nurse circulating nurse 器械护士 巡回护士
surgeon
assistant
外科医生
助理
anesthetist
asurgical team
Discussion: 1. Do you know the main task of the surgeon? 2. What is their terms of reference of the instrument nurses?
Anesthesia
Anesthesia is a special type of treatment which temporarily takes away the patient’s bodily feelings and sensations. It is widely used for various kind of medical treatment, especially surgery, which usually causes lots of pain.
3. Give us the job description of the assistant.
The Principles of Modern Surgery
Brain storm: What do we need to operate on a patient?
theater
surgical instrument gown/gloves/mask
局部麻醉抑制身体特定部位的感觉，因此常被用于小型手术。相比局部麻 醉而言，区域麻醉的抑制范围更大。
Anesthesia
Dissociative anesthesia makes the person lose sensation in the whole body without loss consciousness. General anesthesia makes the person lose not only sensation in the whole body but consciousness as well
分离麻醉可以使人失去全身的感觉，但不失去意识。全身麻醉不仅会使 人失去全部感觉，而且也会丧失意识。
Thank You
contaminate: contamination, contaminated, contaminant
aseptic: asepsis, aseptic technique
Listening to a short passage and fill in the blanks
1) infection,
4. Take antibiotics the day before the operation
5. Have an enema the night before the operation 6. Take no food or drink after 8 o’clock the night before the operation
???
乙醚麻醉剂
18世纪以前，由于没有麻醉剂，外科手术是一件非常可怕的事情。 为了做手术，有的医生用绞勒的方法使病人暂时窒息；有的则用放血 或压住颈部血管的方法使病人的大脑暂时缺血而昏迷；有的干脆用一 根木棒猛击病人的头顶，使病人失去知觉……这些野蛮的做法给病人 带来了巨大的痛苦：有的在手术中突然惊醒，痛得大喊大叫；有的在 手术后留下了脑震荡等后遗症；有的甚至因此而丧失生命。
2)considered,
3) placed together with
4) Involved in
5) disinfectant
6) assisted.
Postoperative Care
Severe complications may occur within a few hours of the surgery due to the anaesthesia and surgery itself. Close attention should be paid to the patient’s vital signs and his surgical sites.
Develop nausea and vomiting Feel pain and uncomfortable
Preoperative Preparation
1. Have blood tests 2. Have a conversation with the surgeon and sign the consent form 3. Eat low-residue diet for 3 days before the operation
complications Enlargement or bleeding solutions uncover the dressing and check the incision be careful to treat the symptoms, and inform the surgeon ASAP
区域麻醉
分离麻醉 全身麻醉
Anesthesia
Local anesthesia inhibits the sensation within a specific body part, so it is often used in small operations. Regional anesthesia takes away the sensation within larger area of the body than local anesthesia.
Unit 7
Surgeries
The member of surgical team
The surgical team provides continuous care for the patient before, during, and after surgery, including preoperative preparation, operative procedures, and postoperative recovery. The key members of the surgical team are surgeons, assistants, theater nurses, and anesthetists.
Elective 择期手术
SemiTransplantation Emergency Exploratory Therapeutic Amputation Excision Replantation elective 移植术 急诊手术 探查手术 治疗手术 切断术 再植术 切除术 限期手术
What is always associated with surgery?
实施麻醉的专业医护人员被称为麻醉师， 他们在外科医生开始做手术前为患者实 施麻醉。
Anesthesia
There are four types of anesthesia, namely local anesthesia, regional anesthesia, dissociative anesthesia, and general anesthesia. 局部麻醉