动词不定式
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动词不定式
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形
“, 有时可以不带to.动词不定式没有人称
和数的变化, 在句子中不能作谓语。动词不
定式仍保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的
宾语和状语。to learn English, to speak
at the meeting.在句中可以作主语、表语、
宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
3. – I can’t work in this way. -- Why not ____ B it in some other way? A. try to do B. try doing C. trying to do D. trying doing 4. Since you find it difficult ____ D a decision, you’d better a discussion( 讨 论) with your parents. A. reach; have B. reaching; have C. reach; having D. to reach; have
They looked for him everywhere and
found him __ b under the tree.
a. lies
b. lying c. lay
d. lain
考点: see/hear/find/watch sb. do sth.
(看见某人做了某事） See/hear/find/watch sb. doing sth. (看见某人正在做某事)
找出句子中的不定式, 并说出作用：
1. It takes you ten minutes to get there. 主语 2. I hope to see him soon. 宾语 3. His wish is to become an artist. 表语 4. People eat to live, but not live to supermarket just now. a. entered b. entering
c. enter
d. to enter
The girl who sold matches was found
___ d the next morning. a. die b. dying c. died d. dead
12 hours.
clever,wise, kind, + (of + sb.) + to It’s + good, right, nice wrong, bad, cruel do sth. silly, stupid, foolish careful, careless
difficult, hard, easy, + ( for + sb. ) It’s + possible, impossible + to do sth. important,`
比较(Compare)
I don’t know what to do.
I don’t know how to do it.
I don’t know what to do about it.
8 动词不定式的否定式
My teacher told me not to be lazy
again.
His boss made me not do rest for
1. 他想借用我的录音机。 He wants to borrow my radio. 2. 他们开始读和写。 They began to read and write. 3. 李琳喜欢玩什么？她喜欢踢足球。 What does Li Lin like to play? She likes to play soccer. 4. 你长大了想做什么？ What do you want to be when you grow up?
e.g It is hard ___ for you to do it well. = For you to do it well is hard. It is kind ___ of you to help me. = You are kind to help me.
e.g It’s clever __ of him to say so. It is impossible for __ you to finish it. It was wrong __ of you to tell a lie. It was careless ___ of you to make so many mistakes in the exam. It is silly __ of her to do such a thing. It is important ___ for you to learn English well.
listen to 一听 hear
三使
let make have
二看
watch see look at
四注意: notice 五感觉:
feel
3. 用作状语 He came to show me his new CD player. (目的) The boy was too frightened to move. (结果)
用法：
1. 用作宾语 (v. + to do ) I want to buy a computer.
need to do plan to do begin to do stop to do wish to do
learn to do start to do go on to do
agree to do try to do hope to do
Exercises
1. -- You’ve done very well this time. -- It’s really kind ______. C A. for you to say so B. for you saying so C. of you to say so D. of you saying so 2. It is better to lose one’s life than ____. C A. if you lose your spirit B. losing his spirit C. to lose one’s spirit D. your spirit getting lost
decide to do refuse to do
forget to do remember to do like to do
2. 用作宾语补足语：(v. + sb. + to do ) She asked me to help her. tell sb to do teach sb to do want sb. to do wish sb. to do get sb. to do order sb. to do find sb. to be like sb. to do would like sb. to do help sb. to do
It is so nice to hear your voice.
1. 我的工作是每天打扫这间屋子。 My work is to clean the room every day. 2. 最好的计划就是马上离开这儿。 The best plan is to leave at once. 3. 我的梦想就是成为一名科学家。 My dream is to be a scientist.
It is a lot of fun to dance. 2. 种些植物是非常有必要的。
To grow plants is very important.
3. 说英语对我来说并不容易。
To speak English is not easy for me.
4. 听到你的声音真高兴。
To hear your voice is so nice.
7. 疑问词who, what, which, where, when, how 加to do可构成不定式短语, 在句中可 用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。
When to start has not been decided. (主语) I don’t know what to do. (宾语) He can tell you where to get the book. (宾语补足语) The question is who(m) to ask.
作宾语补足语不带to 的情况：
Let me do it. 常见动词有： 使役动词: let, make, have 感官动词: see, watch, hear, feel, listen to notice 比较： I heard her singing in the next room. I heard her sing in the next room.
forget/remember to do sth. forget/remember doing sth. stop/go on to do sth stop/go on doing sth
The scientist stopped __ b to me though he was busy. a. talking b. to talk c. to have talk d. having talk
7. There isn’t any difference between the two. I really don’t know ________. B A. where to choose B. which to choose C. what to choose D. to choose which 8. The bag is too heavy for me _______. C A. to carry it B. not to carry it C. to carry D. not to carry 9. The teacher will teach him _______. C A. to use B. use it C. how to use it D. uses
4.用作主语(这时可用形式主语it来替换) To go abroad is his dream. → It is his dream to go abroad.
5. 用作表语 My wish is to be a scientist.
6. 用作定语 (这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。 若是不及物动词, 介词不能省略) I have two books to read. He asked for a room to live in.
5. 他是一个值得信赖的人。
He is a man to believe in.
6. 他是第一个来这的人。
He was the first man to come here.
7. 他那生病母亲最多可活三个月。
His sick mother has three months to live at most.
The more you think about it, the more questions you will think of ____. d a. ask b. asked c. asking d. to ask 考点: to do 表示目的 The doctor did what he could ____ b that child. a. save b. to save c. saved d. saving
1. 我有许多书要看。
I have many books to read.
2. 她有几个问题要问。
She has a few questions to ask.
3. 他有一台电视要修。
He has a TV set to repair.
4. 我没什么可担心的。
I have nothing to worry about.
5. I have a lot to tell you. 定语
6. It’s not right to be always thinking
of oneself. 主语
7. We often see him play football. 宾语补足语
1. 跳舞非常有趣。 To dance is a lot of fun.
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形
“, 有时可以不带to.动词不定式没有人称
和数的变化, 在句子中不能作谓语。动词不
定式仍保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的
宾语和状语。to learn English, to speak
at the meeting.在句中可以作主语、表语、
宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
3. – I can’t work in this way. -- Why not ____ B it in some other way? A. try to do B. try doing C. trying to do D. trying doing 4. Since you find it difficult ____ D a decision, you’d better a discussion( 讨 论) with your parents. A. reach; have B. reaching; have C. reach; having D. to reach; have
They looked for him everywhere and
found him __ b under the tree.
a. lies
b. lying c. lay
d. lain
考点: see/hear/find/watch sb. do sth.
(看见某人做了某事） See/hear/find/watch sb. doing sth. (看见某人正在做某事)
找出句子中的不定式, 并说出作用：
1. It takes you ten minutes to get there. 主语 2. I hope to see him soon. 宾语 3. His wish is to become an artist. 表语 4. People eat to live, but not live to supermarket just now. a. entered b. entering
c. enter
d. to enter
The girl who sold matches was found
___ d the next morning. a. die b. dying c. died d. dead
12 hours.
clever,wise, kind, + (of + sb.) + to It’s + good, right, nice wrong, bad, cruel do sth. silly, stupid, foolish careful, careless
difficult, hard, easy, + ( for + sb. ) It’s + possible, impossible + to do sth. important,`
比较(Compare)
I don’t know what to do.
I don’t know how to do it.
I don’t know what to do about it.
8 动词不定式的否定式
My teacher told me not to be lazy
again.
His boss made me not do rest for
1. 他想借用我的录音机。 He wants to borrow my radio. 2. 他们开始读和写。 They began to read and write. 3. 李琳喜欢玩什么？她喜欢踢足球。 What does Li Lin like to play? She likes to play soccer. 4. 你长大了想做什么？ What do you want to be when you grow up?
e.g It is hard ___ for you to do it well. = For you to do it well is hard. It is kind ___ of you to help me. = You are kind to help me.
e.g It’s clever __ of him to say so. It is impossible for __ you to finish it. It was wrong __ of you to tell a lie. It was careless ___ of you to make so many mistakes in the exam. It is silly __ of her to do such a thing. It is important ___ for you to learn English well.
listen to 一听 hear
三使
let make have
二看
watch see look at
四注意: notice 五感觉:
feel
3. 用作状语 He came to show me his new CD player. (目的) The boy was too frightened to move. (结果)
用法：
1. 用作宾语 (v. + to do ) I want to buy a computer.
need to do plan to do begin to do stop to do wish to do
learn to do start to do go on to do
agree to do try to do hope to do
Exercises
1. -- You’ve done very well this time. -- It’s really kind ______. C A. for you to say so B. for you saying so C. of you to say so D. of you saying so 2. It is better to lose one’s life than ____. C A. if you lose your spirit B. losing his spirit C. to lose one’s spirit D. your spirit getting lost
decide to do refuse to do
forget to do remember to do like to do
2. 用作宾语补足语：(v. + sb. + to do ) She asked me to help her. tell sb to do teach sb to do want sb. to do wish sb. to do get sb. to do order sb. to do find sb. to be like sb. to do would like sb. to do help sb. to do
It is so nice to hear your voice.
1. 我的工作是每天打扫这间屋子。 My work is to clean the room every day. 2. 最好的计划就是马上离开这儿。 The best plan is to leave at once. 3. 我的梦想就是成为一名科学家。 My dream is to be a scientist.
It is a lot of fun to dance. 2. 种些植物是非常有必要的。
To grow plants is very important.
3. 说英语对我来说并不容易。
To speak English is not easy for me.
4. 听到你的声音真高兴。
To hear your voice is so nice.
7. 疑问词who, what, which, where, when, how 加to do可构成不定式短语, 在句中可 用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。
When to start has not been decided. (主语) I don’t know what to do. (宾语) He can tell you where to get the book. (宾语补足语) The question is who(m) to ask.
作宾语补足语不带to 的情况：
Let me do it. 常见动词有： 使役动词: let, make, have 感官动词: see, watch, hear, feel, listen to notice 比较： I heard her singing in the next room. I heard her sing in the next room.
forget/remember to do sth. forget/remember doing sth. stop/go on to do sth stop/go on doing sth
The scientist stopped __ b to me though he was busy. a. talking b. to talk c. to have talk d. having talk
7. There isn’t any difference between the two. I really don’t know ________. B A. where to choose B. which to choose C. what to choose D. to choose which 8. The bag is too heavy for me _______. C A. to carry it B. not to carry it C. to carry D. not to carry 9. The teacher will teach him _______. C A. to use B. use it C. how to use it D. uses
4.用作主语(这时可用形式主语it来替换) To go abroad is his dream. → It is his dream to go abroad.
5. 用作表语 My wish is to be a scientist.
6. 用作定语 (这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。 若是不及物动词, 介词不能省略) I have two books to read. He asked for a room to live in.
5. 他是一个值得信赖的人。
He is a man to believe in.
6. 他是第一个来这的人。
He was the first man to come here.
7. 他那生病母亲最多可活三个月。
His sick mother has three months to live at most.
The more you think about it, the more questions you will think of ____. d a. ask b. asked c. asking d. to ask 考点: to do 表示目的 The doctor did what he could ____ b that child. a. save b. to save c. saved d. saving
1. 我有许多书要看。
I have many books to read.
2. 她有几个问题要问。
She has a few questions to ask.
3. 他有一台电视要修。
He has a TV set to repair.
4. 我没什么可担心的。
I have nothing to worry about.
5. I have a lot to tell you. 定语
6. It’s not right to be always thinking
of oneself. 主语
7. We often see him play football. 宾语补足语
1. 跳舞非常有趣。 To dance is a lot of fun.