高考英语 Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气复习学案 牛津版

Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气复习学案＊语气的分类a. 语气：陈述句I went to the theatre yesterday. Jack hadn’t come back home yet.疑问句Does Tom usually get up early? What will you do if it rains tomorrow?感叹句What a clever boy he is! How clever he is!b. 语气1.Let’s go.2. Don’t touch anything on the table until the bell rings.3.Never shut the door.4.Do give me a call.c.虚拟语气：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气＊虚拟语气用法详解一、条件句中的虚拟语气1.形式2.举例（中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。

）(1) If he here, he us about it. 如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。

(2) If he at this school, he you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。

(3)If I the film, I you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。

3.注意(1) 当从句的主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词若是系动词be时，可用was代替were。

但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were中，只能用wereWere I ten years younger, I would study abroad. / If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance.(2) 有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时，须区别对待。

①If I had worked hard at school, I an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会使工程师了If they us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。

②If he were free today, we him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了If he her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。

③If it too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的话，庄家会长得更好。

If he had been working hard, he in the office now. 要是他工作一直努力的话，他现在已进了办公室了。

(3) 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。

, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。

computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话，我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了(4) 含蓄虚拟条件句的七种表现形式含蓄虚拟条件句即指将条件从句隐藏在上下文一定的短语中的一类条件句，其主要用法及表现形式如下：1>. 将条件隐含在不定式短语中I would write to her, but I don’t know her address. (= .But…)To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination. (= ,you…)2>. 将条件隐含在分词短语中Born in better times, he would have been a scholar. (= , he would…)Failing this time, what would you do？ (= , what would…)Walking alone in the dark, Mary would be terrified . （= , she…)3>. 将条件隐含在介词短语中But for your help we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment. (= ,we…)In different circumstances, I would have said yes. (= , I would…)4>. 将条件隐含在名词短语中Any person who had behaved in that way would have been dismissed.(= , he would…)A few hours earlier, and you would have seen the famous writer. ( ,you…)5>. 将条件隐含在某些连词中I didn’t know that he was a cheat, or else I wouldn’t have believed him. (orelse= )I’m really very busy, otherwise I would certainly go there with you. (otherwise= )6>. 将条件隐含在定语从句中Anyone who had seen that painting might have taken it for a photo.(= …)7>. 将条件隐含在一定的上下文中You might stay here forever. (= , you might…)Don’t bother to read all these papers. It would take too long. (=… , It wouldtake too long)(5) 有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句可以省略其中的一个，来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。

①省略从句He would have finished it. 。

You could have passed thisexam. 。

②省略主句If I were at home now. 。

If only I had gotit. 。

(6). if only 意为“”If only she didn’t drive so fast. If only I had arrived in time!二、其他状语从句的虚拟语气1. 在for fear that, in case, lest引导的中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为： should + 动词原形。

并且 should不能省略She examined the door again for fear that a thief in. 她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。

He started out earlier lest he late. 他很早就出发了以防迟到。

They began to talk warmly as if they each other for long. 他们开始热烈的谈论起来就好像他们已相互认识很久了。

He coughed twice as if someone . 他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。

3. 原因状语从句中的虚拟语气amazed, angry, annoyed, astonished, disappointed, frightened, happy, pleased, proud, sorry, surprised, upset等后面的状语从句中常用虚拟语气。

其虚拟语气的结构为：① (指现在或将来)。

He was angry that you should call him by name. /I was astonished that he should not answer such an easy question.② (指过去)。

I’m very sorry that you should have failed the exam.I was very surprised that Father should have known what I did yesterday.三、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.表示等意义的动词1).insist (坚决要求) 2). order, command 3). advise, suggest, propose4). demand , require, request, desire所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，结构为：The teacher advised that we should make good use of every minute here.The Party asked that we （serve） the people with our heart and soul.但是，当insist的意思为：；suggest的意思为：等时，宾语从句虚拟语气。

Tom insisted that he hadn’t stolen the watch. His smile suggested that he had succeeded in this exam.I wish I English well. 我希望我已学好了英语。

I wish I there with them last week. 我希望上周跟他们一起在那儿。

He wishes we games with him. 他希望我们能去跟他做游戏。

3. would rather, had rather, would sooner等之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望I’d rather you the film yesterday.I’d rather you here now. 我倒想你现在在这儿。

We’d rather you here tomorrow. 我么倒想你明天去那儿。

四、主语从句中的虚拟语气在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的主语从句中常使用虚拟语气，结构为： should + 动词原形(1) It is admirable / dreadful / extraordinary / odd / remarkable / sad / advisable / annoying / disappointing / surprising / upsetting / frightening / better / best / curious / desirable / important / strange / peculiar / proper / necessary / natural …that…(2) It is a pity / a shame / no wonder…. that…(3) It is suggested / requested / desired / proposed /…. that …(4) It worries me that…It is important that we should do well in our lessons first. 我们先把功课学好很重要。