大气层中的恶棍-----英汉语篇翻译
英语必修五第三单元课文翻译
第一单元伟大的科学家Reading 约翰.斯诺击败“霍乱王”约翰.斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生—他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女皇的私人医生。
但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。
霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。
每次暴发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。
约翰.斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。
他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。
斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。
一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中腐殖着，像一股危险的气流到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。
第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。
病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。
斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但是他需要证据。
因此，在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候，约翰.斯诺着手准备对此调研。
当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，约翰.斯诺就开始收集资料。
他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在10天之内就死去了500多人。
他决心要查明其原因。
首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。
这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。
许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近（特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号）。
他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥上的8号和9号）却无人死亡。
他以前没预料到这种情况，所以他决定深入调查。
他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。
看来水是罪魁祸首。
接下来，约翰.斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。
他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。
他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵上的把手。
这样，水泵就用不成了。
不久，疫情就开始得到了缓解。
他证明了，霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。
在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。
有一位妇女是从宽街搬进来的，她特备喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。
黑布林英语阅读《巴斯克维尔的猎犬》中英互译
《巴斯克维尔的猎犬》是英国著名作家阿瑟·柯南·道尔创作的侦探小说，也是福尔摩斯故事中最著名的一部。
小说以福尔摩斯为主要人物，讲述了一位有钱的国王，他的家族中有一只邪恶的猎犬，这只狗鬼鬼祟祟，似乎是一种可怕的鬼魂，一旦狗出现就会导致逝去。
小说情节曲折，充满悬疑，展现了福尔摩斯敏锐的洞察力和解决案件的能力。
阅读《巴斯克维尔的猎犬》对学习英语的同学来说是一种很好的练习，不仅可以提高阅读理解能力，还可以帮助学习者掌握丰富的词汇和语法知识。
本文将对该小说中的重要片段进行中英互译，帮助读者更好地理解小说的内容，并提高英语阅读水平。
1. 第一幕"Mr. Holmes, they were the footprints of a gigantic hound!"“福尔摩斯先生，它们是一只巨大猎犬的脚印！”这是小说中的一个重要情节，狗脚印的发现让福尔摩斯开始了他的调查。
这句话中的gigantic hound在中文中意为“巨大的猎犬”，通过这句话的翻译，读者可以清晰地感受到福尔摩斯所面对的困境和挑战。
2. 第二幕"The hound, with wild, eyes and froth-lips, lashing out its fury behind him. But then something happen that shook me to my bones".“那只猎犬，狂野的眼神和涎沫飞溅，发泄着它的怒火。
但是，接着发生的事情让我不寒而栗”。
这一幕描述了一个惊心动魄的场景，猎犬的疯狂和主人的恐惧。
通过翻译，读者可以更加真实地感受到小说中的紧张气氛和可怕的情景。
3. 第三幕"The hound was on it. And yet he went a long way round to the nearest point of the Tor".“猎狗便来到了。
英译汉段落翻译练习-打印
英译汉部分1.Pollution1) Pollution is a problem because man, in an increasingly populated and industrialized world, is upsetting the environment in which he lives. 2) Many scientists maintain that one of man’s greatest errors has been to equate growth with a dvancement. 3) Now “growth” industries are being looked on with suspicion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life. 4) The growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air, water and land. 5) This rise in population is accompanied by the desire of more and more people for a better standard of living. 6) Thus still greater demands for electricity, water and goods result in an ever increasing amount of waste material to be disposed of. 7) The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment. 8) Many believe that man is not solving these problems quickly enough and that his selfish pursuit of possessions takes him past the point of no return before he fully appreciates the damage.2．Intelligent Test1) There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term “intelligence” than there is on how to interpret or classify them（还原性增补）. （分译法）2) But it is generally agreed （改为主动句）that a person of high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas readily, make distinctions, reason logically, and make use of verbal and mathematical symbols in solving problems（调整语序）. 3) An intelligence test is a rough measure （转译成动词）of a child’s c apacity for learning, particularly for learning the kinds of things required in school. 4) It （还原性增补）does not measure character, social adjustment, physical endurance, manual skills, or artistic abilities. 5) It is not supposed—it was（语言结构增补）not designed for such purposes. 6) To criticize it（还原性增补）for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity. 7) Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects （确定词义）provides a “valid” or “fair” comparison（分译法）.3. Problem with Educational System1) There are 39 universities and colleges offering degree courses in Geography, but I have never seen any good jobs for Geography graduates advertised. 2) Or am I alone in suspecting that they will return to teach Geography to another set of students, who in turn will teach more Geography undergraduates? 3) Only ten universities currently offer degree courses in Aeronautical Engineering, which perhaps is just as well,in view of the speed with which the aircraft industry has been dispensing with excess personnel. 4) On the other hand, hospital casualty departments throughout the country are having to close down because of the lack of doctors. 5) The reason? University medical schools can only find places for half of those who apply. 6) It seems to me that time is ripe for the Department of Employment and the Departmentof Education to get together with the universities and produce a revised educational system that will make a more economic use of the wealth of talent, application and industry currently being wasted on diplomas and degrees that no one wants to know about.[注释]dispense with v. 裁减人员the Department of Employment 就业部the Department of Education 教育部4. Key to Success in Business1) Every successful business is built on superior senses—of timing, opportunity, responsibility, and, not infrequently, humor. 2) None, however, is more critical than the ability to sense the marke t. 3) A senior executive’s instinctive capacity to empathize with and gain insights from customers is the single most important skill he or she can use to direct technologies, product and service offerings, indeed, all elements of a company’s strategic pos ture. 4) People like Bill Gates brought this ability to the enterprises they founded. 5) Without it, their ventures might have been short-lived or at least far less successful. 6) But many top-level mangers, particularly those at industrial companies, consider customer contact the bailiwick of sales and marketing staff. 7) And even if they do believe that market focus is a priority, most retain only limited contact with consumers as their organizations grow, relying instead on subordinates’ reports—second-or-third-hand information—to define and sense the market for them.[注释]Bill Gates 比尔·盖茨，美国微软公司董事长bailiwick 工作，事。
空气污染英语作文附译文
空气污染英语作文附译文空气污染英语作文附译文Air pollution comes from factories, power stations and cars. Chemicals in the smoke from power stations cause a lot of damage. They can travel hundreds of miles in the wind before falling to the ground in the rain. But this "chemical rain" gradually destroys trees in the forests and kills fish in the lakes. In Germany, over 50% of the country's trees had been damaged by the year 1986.Time and time again there are serious accidents that pollute the air. In 1986 there was a bad accident at a nuclear power station in Russia. A cloud of radiation crossed the whole of Europe. It is said that 125,000 people died in Russia as a result of illnesses caused by this accident.In 1984 there was a serious accident at a factory in India and a cloud of dangerous gas covered the town of Bhopal. Over 2,500 people were killed that night, and hundreds of thousands of people were injured. Many of the injured lost their sight.【参考译文】空气污染来自工厂、发电站和汽车。
大学精读第二册课文第五单元
The V illain in the Atmosphere （大气层中的恶棍）The villain in the atmosphere is carbon dioxide.大气层中的恶棍乃是二氧化碳。
It does not seem to be a villain. It is not very poisonous and it is present in the atmosphere in so small a quantity — only 0.034 percent — that it does us no harm.二氧化碳看上去不像一个恶棍。
它毒性不大，在大气层中的含量极小——只占0.034％——不会对我们造成任何伤害。
What's more, that small quantity of carbon dioxide in the air is essential to life. Plants absorb carbon dioxide and convert it into their own tissue, which serve as the basic food supply for all of animal life (including human beings, of course). In the process they liberate oxygen, which is also necessary for all animal life.再者，空气中的那一点点二氧化碳对生命至关重要。
植物吸收二氧化碳并将其转化成它们自己的组织，充当所有动物（当然也包括人类）的基本食物供给。
在这一过程中，植物释放氧气，而氧气又是所有动物生命所不可缺少的。
close4RT But here is what this apparently harmless and certainly essential gas is doing to us:然而，这一看上去无害而且无疑又必不可少的气体却正在对我们产生影响。
Unit 17 英汉篇章翻译(二)
Unit 17 英汉篇章翻译（二）课时安排：2节教学目的要求：了解如何使用各种技巧进行篇章的翻译。
教学重点：把握在语篇翻译中使用各种翻译技巧，了解科技语篇翻译的特点、难点及其处理。
教学难点：科技用语的翻译。
教学内容：Spaceships of the Future1. The furthest we have been is the Moon. If we want to travel into deep space, beyond our own backyard, the Sola r System, we’ll never need a new breed of spacecraft. （省略）我们迄今所到过最远的地方是月球。
要想穿越地球的后院—太阳系，进入外层空间，我们需要一种新型的宇宙飞船。
2. It may be the oldest cliché in town, but in the not too distant future science fiction will turn into science fact. The fantastic spaceships of sci-fi comic books and novels will no longer be a figment of our creative imagination; they may be the real vision of our future.飞天，也许是城里人老掉牙的传说。
（也许是老生常谈）。
但在不久的将来，科幻小说将变成科学事实。
科幻连环图画杂志和小说中各种奇特怪异的宇宙飞船，将不再是人类创造性的一点空想，它们可能是将来的真实情景（景象）。
[技巧点拨：缩略词的翻译]1)首字母缩写acronymPC personal computer 个人电脑IDDD international direct distance dialing 国际长途直拨DNA deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸DOS disc operation system 磁盘操作系统CPU central processing unit 中央处理器Telecom telecommunication 电信2) 拼凑法Sicom situation comedy 情景喜剧Psywar psychological war 心理战Biorhythm biological rhythm生物节奏Comsat communication satellite 通信卫星Minicom miniature computer 微型电脑Telecon telephone conference 电话会议（以上例子出自陈秋劲，P119，郭著章，P 231）3. Engineers and designers are already designing craft capable of propelling us beyond the Earth’s orbit, the Moon and the planets. They’re designing interstellar spaceships capable of travel across the vast emptiness of deep space to distant stars and new planets in our unending quest to conquer and discover. Our Universe contains over a billion galaxies; star cities each with a hundred billion inhabitants. Around these stars must exist planets and perhaps life. The temptation to explore these new realms is too great.工程师和设计者已在着手进行飞船的设计工作，这种飞船能将人类送离地球的轨道，月球甚至是（九大）行星之外的太空。
呼啸山庄经典段落英语翻译
呼啸山庄经典段落英语翻译《呼啸山庄》是英国女作家勃朗特姐妹之一艾米莉·勃朗特的作品，小说充满强烈的反压迫、争幸福的斗争精神，又始终笼罩着离奇、紧张的浪漫气氛，十分值得我们一看。
下面店铺为大家带来呼啸山庄经典段落英语翻译，希望大家喜欢!呼啸山庄经典英语段落1I set his plate to keep warm on the fender; and after an hour or two he re-entered, when theroom was clear, in no degree calmer: the same unnatural--it was unnatural--appearance of joy underhis black brows; the same bloodless hue, and his teeth visible, now and then, in a kind of smile; hisframe shivering, not as one shivers with chill or weakness, but as a tight-stretched cord vibrates--astrong thrilling, rather than trembling.呼啸山庄经典英语段落翻译我把他的盘子放在炉栅上热着，过了一两个钟头，他又进来了，这时屋里人都出去了，他并没平静多少：在他黑眉毛下面仍然现出同样不自然的——的确是不自然的——欢乐的表情。
还是血色全无，他的牙齿时不时地显示出一种微笑;他浑身发抖，不像是一个人冷得或衰弱得发抖，而是像一根拉紧了的弦在颤动——简直是一种强烈的震颤，而不是发抖了。
呼啸山庄经典英语段落2He did not quit the house again that afternoon, and no one intruded on his solitude; till, at eighto'clock, I deemed it proper, though unsummoned, to carry a candle and his supper to him. He wasleaning against the ledge of an open lattice, but not looking out: his face was turned to the interiorgloom. The fire had smouldered to ashes; the room was filled with the damp, mild air of the cloudyevening; and so still, that not only the murmur of the beck down Gimmerton was distinguishable, butitsripples and its gurgling over the pebbles, or through the large stones which it could not cover. Iuttered an ejaculation of discontent at seeing the dismal grate, and commenced shutting thecasements, one after another, till I came to his.呼啸山庄经典英语段落翻译那天下午他没再离开屋子，也没人打搅他的孤独，直到八点钟时，虽然我没有被召唤，我以为该给他送去一支蜡烛和他的晚饭了。
三体经典段落 中英文
三体经典段落中英文The Three-Body Problem: A Masterpiece of Science FictionThe Three-Body Problem, written by the renowned Chinese science fiction author Liu Cixin, is a captivating and thought-provoking work that has captivated readers worldwide. This epic novel, the first in the acclaimed Remembrance of Earth's Past trilogy, delves into the intricacies of human existence, the nature of the universe, and the profound implications of scientific discoveries. At the heart of the story lies a classic passage that encapsulates the essence of the novel's themes and the complexity of the human experience.The passage in question occurs during a pivotal moment in the narrative, when the protagonist, Ye Wenjie, is confronted with a startling revelation about the nature of the universe. As she grapples with the implications of this discovery, she is forced to confront her own beliefs and the fundamental questions that have plagued humanity since the dawn of time.The passage begins with Ye Wenjie's reflection on the vastness of the universe and the insignificance of human existence in the grand scheme of things. She contemplates the idea that the universe is nota static, orderly place, but rather a chaotic and unpredictable realm governed by the principles of quantum mechanics. This realization shakes the very foundation of her understanding of the world and her place within it."The universe is not only queerer than we suppose, but queerer than we can suppose." Ye Wenjie ponders these words, which encapsulate the essence of the novel's exploration of the nature of reality. The idea that the universe is inherently unpredictable and beyond the full comprehension of the human mind is a central theme in The Three-Body Problem, and this passage serves as a poignant reflection on the limitations of our understanding.As Ye Wenjie delves deeper into the implications of this revelation, she is confronted with the profound question of the purpose of human existence. If the universe is a chaotic and unpredictable place, where does that leave the human race? Are we merely insignificant specks in the grand tapestry of the cosmos, or do we have a role to play in the unfolding of the universe's mysteries?The passage goes on to explore these questions through Ye Wenjie's internal dialogue. She grapples with the idea that the universe may not be governed by the laws of cause and effect that we have come to rely on, but rather by a complex and interconnected web of quantum phenomena that defy our conventional understanding ofreality."If the universe is truly governed by quantum mechanics, then it is not only unpredictable, but also fundamentally indeterminate. There is no causal chain, no inviolable laws of nature, no absolute certainty." Ye Wenjie's realization is a profound one, as it challenges the very foundations of our scientific and philosophical worldviews.The passage then delves into the implications of this revelation for the human experience. If the universe is truly indeterminate and unpredictable, what does that mean for our sense of free will, our ability to make choices, and our understanding of our own existence? Ye Wenjie is forced to confront the possibility that the universe may not be a stable, ordered place, but rather a chaotic and ever-changing realm where the very fabric of reality is in flux.This passage is a masterful exploration of the human condition in the face of the unknown. Liu Cixin's writing is both poetic and profound, as he weaves together the complexities of science, philosophy, and the human experience into a tapestry that is both intellectually stimulating and emotionally resonant.The Three-Body Problem is a work of science fiction that transcends the genre, delving into the heart of what it means to be human in a universe that is far more complex and mysterious than we can everfully comprehend. This passage is a testament to the power of literature to challenge our assumptions, expand our horizons, and ultimately, to deepen our understanding of the world around us and our place within it.。
埃文·佐哈尔
DESCRIPTIVE APPROACHES TO TRANSLATION描写学派
第三种情况，有点像北美在 20 世纪 60 年代的文化情 形，当传统的文学模式无法激发新一代的作家们时，他们便 诉诸于翻译作品来寻求新观念及新的艺术形式。
多元系统的翻译策略
根据多元系统论的观点， 主体文学的发展状况决定了翻 译文学在多元系统中或边缘或中心的地位， 而翻译文学在多 元系统中或边缘或中心的地位又会决定译者翻译主题和翻译 策略的选择，或归化或异化，或直译或意译。 如果一个民族的文化处于强势地位，属强势文化，翻译文 学就处于弱势地位，这时译者多采用归化式的翻译方法，其结 果是译本的充分性不足，可接受性大；如果民族文化处于弱势 地位，属弱势文化，翻译文学则位于主要地位，这时译者多采 用异化式的翻译策略，在所不惜地打破本国的传统规范，但译 文在“充分性”方面接近原文的可能性最大。 当民族文化的地 位发生变化，由弱渐强或由强渐弱的时候，其多元系统内的平 衡就会被打破，译者也会重新选择翻译策略。
以斯奈德翻译的寒山寺为例
欲得安身处，寒山可长保。 微风吹幽松，近听声愈好。 下有斑白人，喃喃读黄老。 十年归不得，忘却来时道。
英译本
I wanted a good place to settle: Cold Mountain would be safe. Light wind in a hidden pine--Listen close---the sounds gets better. Under it a gray haired man Mumbles along reading Huang and Lao. For ten years I haven't gone back home I've been forgotten the way by which I came.
英语阅读二(第五课)中英对照POLLUTION IS A DIRTY WORD
Hale Waihona Puke It wasn’t always like this. Only 100 years ago man lived in harmony with nature. There weren’t so many people then and their wants were fewer. Whatever wastes were produced could be absorbed by nature and were soon covered over. Today this harmonious relationship is threatened by man’s lack of foresight (n. ability to see into the future预见力) and planning, and by his carelessness and greed. For man is slowly poisoning his environment.事情并非一直如此。仅在100年前，人与自然仍在和谐相处。那时没有这么多的人口，人们的需求也比现在少得多。制造出的任何一种垃圾都能被自然界吸收，并很快被掩盖起来。现在这种和谐关系正在面临威胁，这是由于人们缺乏远见和计划以及冷漠贪婪造成的。人类正在慢慢慢地毒害他周围的环境。
剑桥雅思 阅读理解解析含翻译
剑桥雅思8-第三套试题-阅读部分-P A S S A G E1-阅读真题原文部分:READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Striking Back at Lightning With LasersSeldom is the weather more dramatic than when thunderstorms strike. Their electrical fury inflicts death or serious injury on around 500 people each year in the United States alone. As the clouds roll in, a leisurely round of golf can become a terrifying dice with death - out in the open, a lone golfer may be a lightning bolt's most inviting target. And there is damage to property too. Lightning damage costs American power companies more than $100 million a year.But researchers in the United States and Japan are planning to hit back. Already in laboratory trials they have tested strategies for neutralising the power of thunderstorms, and this winter they will brave real storms, equipped with an armoury of lasers that they will be pointing towards the heavens to discharge thunderclouds before lightning can strike.The idea of forcing storm clouds to discharge their lightning on command is not new. In the early 1960s, researchers tried firing rockets trailing wires into thunderclouds to set up an easy discharge path for the huge electric charges that these clouds generate. The technique survives to this day at a test site in Florida run by the University of Florida, with support from the Electrical Power Research Institute (EPRI), based in California. EPRI, which is funded by power companies, is looking at ways to protect the United States' power grid from lightning strikes. 'We can cause the lightning to strike where we want it to using rockets, ' says Ralph Bernstein, manager of lightning projects at EPRI. The rocket site is providing precise measurements of lightning voltages and allowing engineers to check how electrical equipment bears up.Bad behaviourBut while rockets are fine for research, they cannot provide the protection from lightning strikes that everyone is looking for. The rockets cost around $1, 200 each, can only be fired at a limited frequency and their failure rate is about 40 per cent. And even when they do trigger lightning, things still do not always go according to plan. 'Lightning is not perfectly well behaved, ' says Bernstein. 'Occasionally, it will take a branch and go someplace it wasn't supposed to go. ' And anyway, who would want to fire streams of rockets in a populated area? 'What goes up must come down, ' points out Jean-Claude Diels of the University of New Mexico. Diels is leading a project, which is backed by EPRI, to try to use lasers to discharge lightning safely - and safety is a basic requirement since no one wants to put themselves or their expensive equipment at risk. With around $500, 000 invested so far, a promising system is just emerging from the laboratory.The idea began some 20 years ago, when high-powered lasers were revealing their ability to extract electrons out of atoms and create ions. If a laser could generate a line of ionisation in the air all the way up to a storm cloud, this conducting path could be used to guide lightning to Earth, before the electric field becomes strong enough to break down the air in an uncontrollable surge. To stop the laser itself being struck, it would not be pointed straight at the clouds. Instead it would be directed at a mirror, and from there into the sky. The mirror would be protected by placing lightning conductors close by. Ideally, the cloud-zapper (gun)would be cheap enough to be installed around all key power installations, and portable enough to be taken to international sporting events to beam up at brewing storm clouds.A stumbling blockHowever, there is still a big stumbling block. The laser is no nifty portable: it's a monster that takes up a whole room. Diels is trying to cut down the size and says that a laser around the size of a small table is in the offing. He plans to test this more manageable system on live thunderclouds next summer.Bernstein says that Diels's system is attracting lots of interest from the power companies. But they have not yet come up with the $5 million that EPRI says willbe needed to develop a commercial system, by making the lasers yet smaller and cheaper. 'I cannot say I have money yet, but I'm working on it, ' says Bernstein. He reckons that the forthcoming field tests will be the turning point - and he's hoping for good news. Bernstein predicts 'an avalanche of interest and support' if all goes well. He expects to see cloud-zappers eventually costing 100, 000 each.Other scientists could also benefit. With a lightning 'switch' at their fingertips, materials scientists could find out what happens when mighty currents meet matter. Diels also hopes to see the birth of 'interactive meteorology' - not just forecasting the weather but controlling it. 'If we could discharge clouds, we might affect the weather, ' he says.And perhaps, says Diels, we'll be able to confront some other meteorological menaces. 'We think we could prevent hail by inducing lightning, ' he says. Thunder, the shock wave that comes from a lightning flash, is thought to be the trigger for the torrential rain that is typical of storms. A laser thunder factory could shake the moisture out of clouds, perhaps preventing the formation of the giant hailstones that threaten crops. With luck, as the storm clouds gather this winter, laser-toting researchers could, for the first time, strike back.Questions 1-3Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet.1 The main topic discussed in the text isA the damage caused to US golf courses and golf players by lightning strikes.B the effect of lightning on power supplies in the US and in Japan.C a variety of methods used in trying to control lightning strikes.D a laser technique used in trying to control lightning strikes.2 According to the text, every year lightningA does considerable damage to buildings during thunderstorms.B kills or injures mainly golfers in the United States.C kills or injures around 500 people throughout the world.D damages more than 100 American power companies.3 Researchers at the University of Florida and at the University of New MexicoA receive funds from the same source.B are using the same techniques.C are employed by commercial companies.D are in opposition to each other.Questions 4-6Complete the sentences below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 4-6 on your answer sheet.4 EPRI receives financial support from………………………….5 The advantage of the technique being developed by Diels is that it can be used……………… .6 The main difficulty associated with using the laser equipment is related to its……………….Questions 7-10Complete the summary using the list of words, A-I, below.Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet.In this method, a laser is used to create a line of ionisation by removing electrons from 7 …………………………. This laser is then directed at 8 ………………………… in order to control electrical charges, a method which is less dangerous than using 9 …………………………. As a protection for the lasers, the beams are aimed firstly at 10………………………….A cloud-zappersB atomsC storm cloudsD mirrorsE techniqueF ionsG rockets H conductors I thunderQuestions 11-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this11 Power companies have given Diels enough money to develop his laser.12 Obtaining money to improve the lasers will depend on tests in real storms.13 Weather forecasters are intensely interested in Diels's system. READING PASSAGE 1篇章结构体裁说明文主题用激光回击闪电结构第1段：闪电带来的危害第2段：科研人员正在研究回击闪电的方法第3段：先前的闪电回击术介绍第4段：火箭回击术的缺陷第5段：更安全的激光回击术第6段：激光回击术的技术原理第7段：激光回击术的缺陷第8段：通过实地实验改进激光回击术第9段：激光回击术对其他学科也有益处第10段：激光回击术的其他用途解题地图难度系数：★★★解题顺序：按题目顺序解答即可友情提示：烤鸭们注意：本文中的SUMMARY题目顺序有改变，解题要小心；MULTIPLE CHOICE的第三题是个亮点，爱浮想联翩的烤鸭们可能会糊掉。
湖南省长沙市2019-2020学年上学期七年级英语期末试卷分类汇编：语篇翻译
湖南省长沙市2019-2020学年上学期七年级英语期末试卷分类汇编语篇翻译湖南省长沙市青竹湖湘一外国语学校2019-2020学年七年级上学期期末英语试题第一节语篇翻译阅读下面的短文, 将划线部分译成英文或中文。
My name is Liming. Gina is my friend.1.我们在同一所学校上学。
We have classes from Monday to Friday. My favorite subject is English and I think English is useful.2.She likes math very much because she thinks it's easy for her. I often help Gina with her English and she can teach me math. School starts at eight. We have four classes in the morning. In the afternoon we have three classes3.我的课下午三点结束, 然后我要去踢足球。
We have many good teachers.4.Our Chinese teacher, Mr. Wang, is great fun. He always plays with us. He is very young. His birthday is on May 22nd.We enjoy our school life very much.5.There are many activities in our school such as sports meeting ,art festival, School Day and English Day. I like English day best. We usually have it in December, before the New Year's Day. We sing, dance and play different games. We always have a good time.45._______________________________________________________________________________ ___________46._______________________________________________________________________________ ___________47._______________________________________________________________________________ ___________48._______________________________________________________________________________ ___________49._______________________________________________________________________________ ___________【答案】45. We go to the same school.46. 她非常喜欢数学，因为她认为数学对她来说很容易。
ARealSuperman（双语）
A Real Superman（双语）他曾是演员、明星、超人、英雄，是儿子、丈夫、父亲、朋友，52岁的“超人”因心力衰竭在纽约去世，永远地闭上了眼睛。
他得到了世界各地的人们的尊敬，不仅仅因为所扮演的角色而受到尊敬，而是因为他把“超人”的毅力和勇气带到了自己的生命中，在银幕外诠释了“超人” 的意义，让我们记住他的名字：克里斯托夫·里夫！他“比飞驰的子弹还快，比火车头更有力，轻轻一跃就能跳上高大的建筑物。
”他就是全世界最伟大的超极英雄。
1977年，克里斯托弗·里夫出演超人系列电影，全国观众欢呼喝彩。
克里斯托弗活跃、英俊、强壮，一如影片中的超人，而且似乎战无不胜。
他滑雪，驾船，驾驶飞机，潜水，骑马，打网球，无一不是技艺高超，挥洒自如。
谁也无法想象克里斯托弗会是另外一种样子。
He was "faster than a speeding bullet, more powerful than a locomotive, able to leap tall buildings in a single bound." He was the world’s greatest superhero. When Christopher Reeve was picked to play this role in films in 1977, audiences across the country cheered with approval. Like Superman, Christopher was dashing, handsome, and strong. Like Superman, he seemed nearly invincible. He skied, sailed, flew planes, went scuba diving, rode horses, played tennis——and did it all with skill and ease. No one could imagine Christopher Reeve any other way.1995年5月27日，一切都改变了。
Charlie’s_Raven_(Excerpt_III)《查理的渡鸦》（节选三）
查理抱着蓝天来到小木屋。 这个小木屋离牧场的主 屋只有黄鼠狼跳一下就能到的 距离。一百多年前，这个小木 屋曾经是黄石国家公园个人游 客汽车旅馆的一部分。公园现 代化改造的时候，管理者提出， 无论是谁，只要能把过时的木 屋拖走就好。爷爷和查理的爸 爸克里斯拖走了三个小木屋。 一个放在爷爷大房子的后面当 作客房。另外两个扩展为克里 斯和他家人的房子，放在灌溉 渠的另一边。克里斯和南希· 卡莱尔以及查理的小弟弟安迪 在那里住，两年前才离开。住 在爷爷的隔壁慢慢长大，对查 理而言非常幸福。查理经常跟 着爷爷到野外远足，去研究植 物和野生动物。他曾经手脚并 用爬过岩石去追踪鼠兔，或称 小山兔，也爬上树去帮着爷爷 给老鹰和猫头鹰套上脚环。 2 后来查理从路边莫顿村的
2023·02 英语世界
谭译录·英译汉 113
local grammar school in Morton just down the road. Morton had no middle or upper schools, and so Chris and Nancy Carlisle rented out their cabin and moved to Jackson. In the thriving town Charlie attended the valley’s only middle and upper schools, and Andy went to the Jackson elementary school. This worked out well for Charlie’s dad. He could walk to the office of Outdoor Adventure Trips, Inc., his tourist service, which took people down rivers and into the mountains. The business had been growing rapidly in recent years. 3 Charlie had been devastated by the move, and Granddad knew it. After his heart attack, he and Grandma Sally fixed up the little Yellowstone guest cabin behind the ranch house and put in a new cot, bedside table, bureau and desk, a chair and oil lamps. “The cabin is yours for the summer and whenever you want to come,” Granddad told Charlie when he and his mother came to visit one late-spring day after school. 4 Charlie moved into the cabin as fast as a chipmunk dives into a woodpile when a hawk is overhead. He spread furs on the floor, hung pictures of falcons and mountain lions on the wall, and put comforters on the cot. Nights were cold in the mountain valley even in summer. 5 The cabin became Charlie’s kingdom. It wasn’t large, about twelve feet
The Waste Land--中英文对照(赵萝蕤译)
One must be so careful these days.
Unreal City, 60
Under the brown fog of a winter dawn,
A crowd flowed over London Bridge, so many,
April is the cruellest month, breeding
Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing
Memory and desire, stirring
Dull roots with spring rain.
Winter kept us warm, covering
I will show you fear in a handful of dust. 30
Frisch weht der Wind
Der Heimat zu
Mein Irisch Kind,
Wo weilest du?
"You gave me hyacinths first a year ago;
"They called me the hyacinth girl."
A heap of broken images, where the sun beats,
And the dead tree gives no shelter, the cricket no relief,
And the dry stone no sound of water. Only
There is shadow under this red rock,
Thecyclone句子
Thecyclone句子The cyclone has resulted in many thousands of deaths.气旋已经造成了成千上万的人死亡。
《牛津词典》The cyclone brought misery to thousands of people.旋风给成千上万的人带来苦难。
《新英汉大辞典》To judge from the cyclone , it has not.但从这次飓风来判定，后来也是无效的。
The cyclone destroyed dozens of houses.旋风毁坏了好几十户人家。
Their feeble response to the cyclone has shown how hollow is this boast.他们对风暴的迟钝反应已经显示了这种自我吹嘘是多么的空洞。
But more than a month after the cyclone , many have still not been reached.但是暴风过去一个多月了，很多人仍没有得到救助。
She says that does not affect Washington's promise to help those affected by the cyclone .她说，这并不会影响华盛顿有关帮助热带风暴灾民的承诺。
This paper discusses the flow velocity and concentration fields in The cyclone separator.本文论述了旋风分离器的速度场和浓度场。
He says The cyclone destroyed about 50 percent of the healthcare system in the affected region.他说，这场强热带风暴摧毁了受灾地区大约50%的保健系统。
07年“高级英语”课文逐句翻译（8）
Lesson Nine The Trouble with Television 电视的⽑病 The Trouble with Television 要摆脱电视的影响是困难的。
It is difficult to escape the influence of television. 假如统计的平均数字适⽤于你的话，那么你到20岁的时候就⾄少看过2万个⼩时的电视了，从那以后每⽣活10年就会增加1万⼩时。
If you fit the statistical averages， by the age of 20 you will have been exposed to at least 20，000 hours of television. You can add 10，000 hours for each decade you have lived after the age of 20. 笔起看电视，美国⼈只有在⼯作和睡眠上花时间更多。
The only things Americans do more than watch television are work and sleep. 稍微计算⼀下，使⽤这些时间的⼀部分能够做些什么。
Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. 听说⼀个⼤学⽣仅⽤5000⼩时就可以获得学⼠学位。
Five thousand hours， I am told， are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelor's degree. 在1万个⼩时内你能学成⼀个天⽂学家或⼯程师，流利掌握⼏门外语。
In 10，000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. You could have learned several languages fluently. 如果你感兴趣的话，你可能读希腊原⽂的荷马史诗或俄⽂版的陀思妥耶夫斯基的作品；如果对此不感兴趣，那你可以徒步周游世界，撰写⼀本游记。
德克萨斯州的无赖,节选,译文分析
The Texas Ruffian 德克萨斯州的无赖(Excerpts) 节录David Halberstam 戴维·哈尔伯斯坦原文：He was the elemental man, a man of endless, restless ambition.译文：他是林登·约翰逊是一个粗犷的人，是一个野心勃勃、贪得无厌的人。
分析：ambition是抱负，雄心，野心的意思，既有贬义也有褒义。
根据上下文，elemental 为“粗犷的”意思，可见选择情感意义（choice of affective meanings）应当是贬义。
原文：Nothing was ever completed; each accomplishment was a challeng to reach for more.译文：在他看来，事业是无止境的，每取得一次成功，都引起他更大的欲望。
分析：第一眼看见nothing,都会将“nothing was ever completed”翻译成“没有什么是无止境的”。
但是根据下文，例如accomplishment 一词，应正确选择语境意义（choice of contextual meanings），译作“事业是无止境的”更符合文章内容。
原文：He was a politician the like of which we shall not see again in this country, a man who bridged very different Americas, his early days and attitudes forged by earthy, frontier attitudes, and whose final acts as President took us to the very edge of the moon.译文：像他这样的政客，在美国后无来者。
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大气层中的恶棍
在我们呼吸的空气中有一种对于生命来说非常重要的气体。
遗憾的是，凡事过犹不及，二氧化碳的增多会使我们的地球逐渐变暖，以至形成威胁。
伊萨克.艾西莫夫就空气中的这个恶棍给我们做了介绍，解释了它的作恶过程以及我们可行的应对措施。
大气层中的恶棍就是二氧化碳
二氧化碳似乎不像恶棍。
它无甚毒性，在空气中的存有量又非常小---只有0.034%----对我们没有危害。
另外，空气中这少量的二氧化碳对生命非常重要。
植物吸收二氧化碳，把它转化成自身的组织，从而为所有的动物（当然也包括人类）提供基本的食物供给。
在这一过程中，植物释放出所有动物都必需的氧气。
但是，以下就是这看似无害同时又极为重要的气体带给我们的危害：
海平面在逐年地缓慢上升，而且在未来的几百年里，极有可能还会继续以更快的速度上升。
在那些海拔较低的沿海地区（世界上很大一部分人口居住在这些地区）海水会不断向陆地推进，迫使人们向内陆退居。
最终，海平面会较当前上升200英尺，那时海浪会拍打到曼哈顿摩天大楼第20层的楼窗。
弗罗里达州会消失在海浪下，同样遭遇的还有，不列颠群岛，人口聚居的尼罗河大峡谷，以及中国，印度，俄罗斯的沿海低地。
不但很多城市会被淹没，世界上很多的粮食高产区也将不复存在。
随着粮食供给量的下降，饥荒会四处蔓延，社会机制也会在这种压力下解体。
所有这些都是因为二氧化碳。
但是这些怎么会发生呢？这之间有什么联系？
这还得从太阳光说起。
阳光可以穿透空气中的各种气体（包括二氧化碳）。
太阳光照射大气层，然后从数英里厚的大气层中穿过，使地球表面变暖。
到了夜间，地面把这些热量以红外线辐射的形式返还到太空中。
但是，红外线辐射在大气层中的透射性不如可见光。
二氧化碳尤其会阻碍红外线辐射。
所以，正是因为空气中有了二氧化碳，地表夜间流失的热量才会相对较少。
如果没有这少量的二氧化碳存在，地球会明显变冷，或许会冷的让人感觉不适。
二氧化碳使我们生活得温暖舒适，对这一点我们可以心存感激，但是二氧化碳在大气中的积聚正在稳步加剧，这恰恰是恶行之源。
1985年，二氧化碳的量在大气中只占0.0316%。
从那以后，这种气体的积聚量在不断攀升。
目前，大气中的二氧化碳已经达到0.0340%，估计到2020年，将会达到接近现在的两倍。
这就意味着在未来的几十年中，地球的平均气温会略有上升。
那么，极地冰川会开始消融。
南极冰盖存储了世界上大约90%的冰，另外8%在格陵兰岛的冰盖。
如果这些冰盖开始融化，海平面将会上升，其结果我已经说过。
可是大气中二氧化碳的积聚量为什么稳步上升呢？
有两个因素难逃其咎。
首先，在过去的几百年间，人们为了获取能量，先是烧煤，而后是石油和天然气，其速度不断加快。
这些燃料中含有的碳，已经在地下埋藏了千百万年，并无任何危害，现在它们却被燃烧，变成二氧化碳，每天有很多吨的量排放到大气中。
更糟糕的是，地球上的森林在不断消失，起初消失的速度很慢，但在过去的几百年里消失的速度非常快；目前，这一速度达到了每分钟64公顷。
无论用什么取代森林-----草地，农场抑或灌木丛-----其植被吸收二氧化碳的速度都不能和森林相比。
因此，一方面通过燃烧燃料，大气中的二氧化碳增多了，另一方面植被从大气中吸收掉的二氧化碳却减少了。
但是这样的解释让我们对这个问题有了新的认识：二氧化碳不是自然而然增多的。
燃烧煤，石油，天然气的是人类，砍伐森林的也是人类，那么罪魁祸首也就是人类。
我们应该怎么做呢？
首先，我们必须挽救我们的森林，甚至重新栽植林地。
其次，我们必须使用新的不产生二氧化碳的燃料。
核能是其中之一，但是如果有人认为核能太危险，则还有其他的替代能源，还有波能，潮汐能，风能以及地热能源。
尤其是，还可以直接利用太阳能。
诚然，所有这些都将需要时间，努力和金钱，但是各个国家为了对抗性的军事器械投入了更多的时间，努力和金钱，而这些器械只能毁灭我们。
花费较少的时间，努力和金钱来拯救我们自己，有谁会反对吗？。