中考英语人教八下U3—4重点短语句型和练习及答案

中考英语人教八下U3—4重点短语句型和练习及答案
第一部分：
一、阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Just as I entered my house, I heard a sound coming from the bedroom upstairs —it was from my favourite violin.
“Thief!”
I rushed upstairs and saw a boy in dirty clothes pulling my violin down. At first sight,
I found a new pair of shoes missing. It seemed he was surely a thief.
However, when I saw his eyes full of fear, my anger disappeared. I smiled and asked,
“Are you Mr Ram’s student Rubens? I’m his butler (男管家).I’ve heard Mr Ram said his student would come. It must be you.”
“Has my teacher gone out?” the boy said, “I think I’d better visit him again in a while.” I nodded and asked him, “Do you like playing the violin?”
Yes，but I’m too poor to afford one.” the boy replied.
Then, I’ll give you this violin.” The boy looked at me in surprise, but he picked up the violin. While going out of the room, he suddenly saw a huge photo of me playing the violin at the Grand Theatre of Sydney on the wall. His face turned pale. He stood there for a moment and ran out. He must have understood what had happened because no master would put up the butler^ photo on the wall of his living room.
A few years later, at a music competition in Melbourne, I was invited to be the judge. Finally, a violin player called Merritt won the first prize.
After the prize-giving, Merritt ran to me holding a violin box, his face red, and asked, “Mr Brian, do you still know me? You gave me this violin, which I have treasured ever since! Today, I want to say sorry and give back the violin to you without regret...”
He was just the “Mr Ram’s student”！
1. The writer felt when he saw the boy pulling his violin down.
A. angry
B. afraid
C. sad
D. disappointed
2. In fact, who was the boy in dirty clothes?
A. The butler’s friend.
B. A thief in the writer’s home.
C. Mr Ram’s student.
D. A visitor to the Ram family.
3. The boy’s face turned pale probably because he realized __________.
A. the butler was just the master
B. the master had come back home
C. the butler was a great musician
D. he would be discovered as a thief soon
4. The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A. it is never late to say sorry
B. the future is what we make it
C. kindness can be better than anger
D. success depends on support
参考答案1—4、ABAC
二、短文改错。

答题要求：此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。

对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：原行没有错的不要改。

Have you ever heard from the saying: All work and no 1._____________
play make Jack a dull boy?What this means is that if you 2._____________
study all the times you will become a boring person. You 3._____________
must go out and having fun with your friends, otherwise 4. _____________
you will lose him. No one wants to be friends with the 5._____________
person who that only works and studies. Perhaps you have 6._____________
a confidence problem. Please try remember that the work 7._____________
you do is for yourself rather than for anyone else. You do 8._____________
not have to compete your classmates. No one can be 9._____________
happier in studying seven days and seven nights a week. 10._____________
参考答案
1. from—of/about
2. make—makes
3. times—time
4. having—have
5. him—them
6. that去掉
7. try后加to 8.正确
9. compete加against/with 10. happier—happy
三、重点短语回顾
1. ________________倒垃圾
2. ________________频繁；反复
3. ________________一……就……
4. ________________目的是；为了
5. ________________依靠；信赖
6. ________________照顾；处理
7. ________________快速查看；浏览
8. ________________重要的事
9. ________________成功地发展；解决
10. ________________和睦相处；关系良好
11. ________________删除；删去
12. ________________比较；对比
13. ________________依……看
参考答案：
1. take out the rubbish
2. all the time
3. as soon as
4. in order to
5. depend on
6. take care of
7. look through
8. big deal
9. work out10. get on with11. cut out
12. compare...with13. in one's opinion
第二部分：
一、完形填空
Many books have been written about “the art of giving.” But what about the art of receiving?
Sometimes, 1 can be difficult, especially when someone buys you a gift 2 .
Guo Xiaojing remembers she 3 a purple purse from her parents at the ago of twelve. The purse made her feel embarrassed, because 4 , she thought it was ugly. She still pretended that she liked it 5 make her parents happy.
Hanling’s grandparents gave her an orange sweater for her birthday. She used to wear it 6
she visited them, but when she left their house, she 7 . This made her feel 8 , but they have 9 about clothes.
10 , some people would rather just give money. In some cultures, however, receiving money can make people 11 . John Wilson says “When someone give me money, I feel they didn’t think 12 . I prefer to receive a gift that has 13 behind it. I don’t 14 if it’s something I don’t need. If someone has thought 15 a gift for me, it always makes me happy!”
1．A．receive a gift B．buying a gift C．receiving gifts D．giving a gift 2．A．which is cheap B．you don’t want
C．you have bought D．which is not personal
3．A．buys B．sold C．got D．asked for 4．A．luckily B．as a fact C．surprisingly D．to be honest 5．A．that B．in order to C．so it must D．so that 6．A．the first time B．many times C．wherever D．every time 7．A．took it off B．put it away C．threw it away D．sold it 8．A．afraid B．anxious C．guilty D．unhappy 9．A．the same feelings B．different tastes
C．the same tastes D．special tastes
10．A．To make things important B．To make others excited
C．To make things easier D．To tell the truth
11．A．happy B．surprised C．uncomfortable D．angry 12．A．at all B．any more C．at once D．hard 13．A．some pictures B．lots of words C．some thought D．warm heart 14．A．care for B．know C．care D．mind it 15．A．of B．about C．buy D．carefully
【参考答案】1-5CBCDB 6-10DADAC 11-15CADCB
二、重点句型展现
1. She ______ be happy if she ______ ______ ______.
她如果看到了这些乱七八糟的会不高兴的。

2. ______ ______the parents' job ______ ______a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.
在家里给孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是家长们的事情。

3. ______ ______kids learn to be independent, ______ ______it is for these future.
孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。

4. It's not easy ______ ______ ______，and ______ ______ ______have these feelings. 处在你这个年龄不容易，有这些感受很正常。

5. They should spend their time on schoolwork ______ ______ ______ get good grades and get into a good university.
他们应该把时间花在功课上，以便取得好成绩，进入一所好大学。

6. They have a quick dinner, and then ______ ______ ______homework.
他们快速地吃完晚饭，然后就该做家庭作业了。

参考答案：
1. won't; sees this mess
2. It is; to provide
3. The earlier; the better
4. being your age; it's normal to
5. in order to
6. it's time for
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1．阅读理解
“Please take my penny,” said Maggie to old Dan, the fisherman, who sat on a bench repairing his nets.
Her brother Andrew drew her back, whispering, “Maggie, he is not a beggar (乞丐)!”
But Maggie paid no attention. “Please take it,” she said again. Old Dan smiled, and took it. “Thank you, little miss,” he said, “It is kindly meant.”
After that, Maggie went to the beach to gather shells. She never thought how fast the hours were passing until being tired. She sat down on a rock. Soon she was scared because the sea water was going up. She wanted to go home, but she found the places she had gone down easily very difficult to climb up. The stones were wet and smooth. What could poor Maggie do? She felt sad and cried.
Luckily, Dan's large dog Rover jumped down from a rock! Rover raised his loud bark. The fisherman had taken his nets to the top of the cliffs (悬崖), and was laying them out in the sun when he heard the loud barking of a dog. He felt sure that it was Rover, and Rover was in trouble, so he looked over. There he saw it all.
“Bless h er! It is the little one that was so kind-spoken to me this morning!” he cried, and he hurried to his sons' rooms.
“Quick, boys, quick!” he said. “Get to the boat, and row fast to the sea. There is a poor child there just waiting to be helped.” The fis hermen lost no time, and soon little Maggie and Rover were rowed safely to land! Old Dan was waiting there to lift her out to give her into her mother's arms.
“It was the penny that did it, madam,” he said to Mrs. Weston later. “I saw Rover looking at her when she put the penny. And I am thinking he had been looking after her all the day.”
Some years later, Rover came to Maggie's home with a little note, in which was written—“Will Maggie help Rover?—his master is dead.”
（1）Who rowed Maggie to land safely?
A. Rover.
B. Old Dan.
C. Old Dan's sons.
D. Andrew.
（2）What we can guess from the end of the story?
A. Maggie refused to be Rover's new master.
B. Rover felt sad about Mrs. Western's death.
C. Rover lived with Old Dan until his master died.
D. Maggie became Rover's master at once after she was saved.
（3）What can we learn from the passage?
A. One kind act brings another.
B. You should act and speak the same kindly.
C. One person's pleasure may be another's pain.
D. People often forget what is really important in our lives.
（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Rover and his master
B. Rover's new friend
C. What the brave dog did
D. What Maggie's penny did
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】这是一篇以麦姬的硬币引发的感人故事。

最初善良的麦姬以为老渔夫是乞丐送给了他一便士硬币，当麦姬在海滩上遇到危险时，渔夫的狗罗孚及时“呼救”，在老渔夫儿子的帮助下才脱离了险境。

最后，老渔夫临去世前又把狗托付给麦姬收养，诠释了当施恩于别人的时候，也会得到别人的恩赐与帮助的道理。

（1）C细节理解题。

根据文章第三段中的句子“Quick, boys, quick!” he said. “Get to the boat, and row fast to the sea. Old Dan was waiting there to lift her out to give her into her mother's arms.可知，是丹的儿子把麦姬成功解救出来！答案为C。

（2）C细节推理题。

根据短文最后一句“Will Maggie help Rover?—his master is dead.”老渔夫丹一直与他的狗罗孚生活在一起，直到他临去世前把狗托付给麦姬，麦姬的硬币感动了渔夫，渔夫的狗罗孚也在麦姬遇到危险时帮助了她，麦姬不接纳罗孚显然不合理，A答案不正确，故正确答案C。

（3）A主旨大意题。

根据文章内容可知，最初善良的麦姬以为老渔夫是乞丐送给了他一便士硬币，当麦姬在海滩上遇到危险时，渔夫的狗罗孚及时“呼救”，在老渔夫儿子的帮助下才脱离了险境。

诠释了当施恩于别人的时候，也会得到别人的恩赐与帮助的道理。

故答案A 最符合题意。

（4）D标题归纳题。

纵观全文可以发现，是麦姬给老渔夫丹的一便士硬币引出了这个感人的故事。

故D答案最合理。

【点评】第3小题是考查作者的写作意图，适合用捕捉主旨大意来解题。

所谓主旨大意，也就是文章的中心思想，主题思想，中心观点，它常常针对文章的主题，作者的写作意图，文章段落的中心思想进行提问，这类题也叫归纳概括题。

做这道题时，必须在通读全文的基础上，准确把握短文的主旨大意，作者传递着一种“善有善报”的思想，诠释了当施恩于别人的时候，也会得到别人的恩赐与帮助的道理。

故A答案最符合题意。

2．阅读理解
One day a daughter complained to her father that her life was miserable and that she didn,t
know how she was going to make it. She was tired of fighting and struggling all the time. It seemed just as one problem was solved, another one soon followed.
Her father, a chef, took her to the kitchen. He filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. Once the three pots began to boil, he placed potatoes in one pot, eggs in the second pot, and ground(研磨过的)coffee beans in the third pot.
He then let them sit and boil, without saying a word to his daughter.
After twenty minutes he turned off the burners. He took the potatoes out of the pot and placed them in a bowl. He pulled the eggs out and placed them in a bowl. He then ladled the coffee out and placed it in a cup. Turning to her, he asked. “Daughter, what do you see?”
“Potatoes, eggs, and coffee,” she hastily replied.
“Look closer,” he said. She did and noticed that potatoes were soft. After pulling off the shell of the egg, she found the hard-boiled egg. Finally, the rich aroma from the coffee brought a smile to her face.
“Father, what does this mean?”She asked.
He then explained that the potatoes, the eggs and coffee beans had each faced the same adversity– the boiling water.
However, each one reacted differently.
The potato went in strong, hard, and unrelenting, but in boiling water, it became soft and weak.
The egg was fragile, with the thin outer shell protecting its liquid interior until it was put in the boiling water. Then the inside of the egg became hard.
However, the ground coffee beans were unique. After they met the boiling water, they changed the water and created something new.
“Which are you,” he asked his daughter. “Are you a potato, an egg, or a coffee bean? ”
（1）Why did the father take his daughter to the kitchen?
A. He was hungry
B. His daughter was hungry
C. He was unhappy
D. His daughter was unhappy
（2）The father put three kinds of food into the water except __________.
A. tomatoes
B. eggs
C. coffee beans
D. potatoes
（3）After being put into boiling water, what happened?
A. The potato became soft and weak.
B. The inside of the egg became hard.
C. Coffee bean created something new.
D. All of the above.
（4）The underlined word “adversity” in the passage means__________.
A. Bad advertisement
B. Good advertisement
C. Bad situation
D. Good situation （5）What did the father and the daughter mainly talked about?
A. How to cook delicious food
B. The difference among a potato, an egg and a coffee bean
C. How to face difficulties
D. Life is full of trouble
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了女儿向父亲抱怨生活很悲惨，不幸的事一件接一件，父亲通过分别把土豆，鸡蛋，咖啡豆，放进热水里煮，拿出来后的结果不同，来告诉女儿如何面对人生中的困难。

（1）推理判断题，开头第一段“One day a daughter complained to her father that her life was miserable and that she didn,t know how she was going to make it. She was tired of fighting and struggling all the time. It seemed just as one problem was solved, another one soon followed.”可知女儿总是向他的父亲抱怨她的生活是悲惨的，她不知道怎样去面对她，她厌烦了一直反攻，挣扎，似乎一个问题解决了，另一个问题又来了，所以父亲带着女儿进了厨房，故选D。

（2）细节理解题，根据第二段中“he placed potatoes in one pot, eggs i n the second pot, and ground(研磨过的)coffee beans in the third pot.”可知没有放入番茄，故选A。

（3）细节理解题，根据原文中相对应的三句话“He then ladled the coffee out and placed it in a cup：The potato went in strong, hard, and unrelenting, but in boiling water, it became soft and weak；Then t he inside of the egg became hard. ”可知A,B,C都正确。

故选D。

（4）词语辩词题，结合下文中the boiling water.可知是坏的环境，故选C。

（5）主旨大意题，根据第一段女儿向父亲抱怨人生的悲惨，困难接踵而至，不想再挣扎，而后根据下文父亲通过一个实验，问女儿“Are you a potato, an egg, or a coffee bean? ”深层意思是让女儿选择在困难的环境中以怎样的态度去面对，故选择C。

【点评】这是一篇富含人生哲理的记叙文，学生应该学会深层理解文章的内涵。

考查学生准备从文章找出关键信息的能力和对文章大意理解运用的能力。

3．阅读下面短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

In many English homes people eat four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner.
People have breakfast at any time from seven to nine in the morning. They eat porridge, eggs or bread. English people drink tea or coffee at breakfast. Lunch comes at one o'clock. Afternoon tea is from four to five in the afternoon and dinner is about half past seven. First they have soups, and then they have meat or fish with vegetables. After that they eat some other things, like bananas, apples or oranges. But not all English people eat like that. Some of them have their dinner in the middle of the day. Their meals are breakfast, dinner, tea and supper and all these meals are very necessary.
（1）Many English people have ________ meals a day.
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. three or four
（2）People may have ________ for their breakfast.
A. tea and eggs
B. porridge, eggs, bread, tea or coffee
C. tea and coffee
D. bread and eggs
（3）People have lunch at ________.
A. any time
B. nine
C. five
D. one
（4）People don't have ________ for their dinner.
A. porridge
B. bananas or apples
C. any soup or meat
D. meat or fish （5）In many English homes, dinner comes ________.
A. at one o'clock
B. in the middle of the day
C. at noon
D. at night
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
（5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了英国人的饮食习惯，一天吃四顿饭：早餐、午餐、茶和晚餐。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文中语句In many English homes people eat four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner.理解可知，英国人一天吃四顿饭，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句People have breakfast at any time from seven to nine in the morning. They eat porridge, eggs or bread. English people drink tea or coffee at breakfast. 理解可知，早餐，英国人吃鸡蛋，面包，喝粥，茶或咖啡，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句Lunch comes at one o'clock.理解可知，英国人经常在一
点吃午饭，故选D。

（4）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句 First they have soups, and then they have meat or fish with vegetables. After that they eat some other things, like bananas, apples or oranges.理解可知，英国人晚餐不喝粥，故选A。

（5）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句Some of them have their dinner in the middle of the day.理解可知，有些人中午吃晚饭。

故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

考查对篇章的把握与细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

4．根据短文理解选择正确答案。

C
If music makes you smarter and exercise helps you to think, surely exercising to music can turn you into a clever person.
A team of scientists from Ohio State University did experiments on 33 volunteers who were getting better from heart disease after operations. They found those volunteers who exercised while listening to Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi's The Four Seasons did much better on language ability tests than without music. It is also used in medical fields for patients who have had head hurts because of its moderate tempo (舒缓的节拍).
“Exercise seems to cause positive ch anges in the nerve (神经) system and these changes may improve the learning ability of people with heart disease,” said the psychologist Charles Emery, who led the study. “And listening to music is thought to enhance understanding. We just wanted to put the two results together,” he added.
The volunteers said they felt better emotionally and physically after exercising with or without music. But their improvement on the test doubled after listening to music during exercise. Scientists have proved that music can be good for health and education. It helps reduce stress and sadness, encourage relaxation or sleep, wake up the body and improve memory and thoughts.
Scientists have been studying the results of exercise to music on learning and understanding since the early 1950s. A study showed that students who listened to Mozart's violin pieces and exercised went on to get higher marks in an IQ test. With important exams drawing near, your parents will not probably allow you to listen to music or play sports. But perhaps now you have good reasons to argue with them.
（1）What does the underlined word enhance mean?
A. produce
B. provide
C. improve
D. impress
（2）From the last paragraph we can learn that .
A. you should follow your parents' words
B. you have some good reasons to join in an IQ test
C. good marks depend on listening to music and excising
D. exercise to music might help you get higher grades in tests
（3）Which of the following statements is true?
A. Music helps volunteers get better from heart disease.
B. Exercise is used for people with head hurts.
C. Exercise causes no changes in health without music.
D. Music can help you relax and feel energetic.
（4）What might be the best title of the passage?
A. Exercise to Music
B. Music and study
C. Importance of Music
D. Studies on Exercise
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了多听音乐可以提高我们的学习能力，可以让我们更健康，有聪明，说明了音乐的重要作用。

（1）词义猜测。

根据本段第一句“Facts suggest that exercise improves the learning ability of people with heart disease,”说明音乐可以提高那些患病的人的学习能力，说明And listening to music is thought to enhance understanding.中的enhance是指提高，增强的意思。

produce生产；provide提供；improve提高；impress给……留下印象。

故C正确。

（2）细节理解。

根据文章倒数3,4行A study showed students who listened to Mozart went on to score higher marks in an intelligence test.说明多听音乐可能让人在智力测试中得到高分，说明D项正确。

（3）细节理解。

根据倒数第二段Scientists have proved that music can be good for health and education. It helps reduce stress and sadness, encourage relaxation or sleep, wake up the body and improve memory and thoughts可知音乐可以减少压力，让人放松，唤醒身体，提高记忆
等，故选D。

（4）主旨大意。

本文第一句If music makes you smarter and exercise helps you to think, surely exercising to music can turn you into a clever person是文章的中心句，下文都是围绕第一句进行阐述，故选A。

【点评】本文主要讲述的是音乐的重要作用，需要考生在阅读的时候有足够的耐心。

要养成在上下文串联中猜测词义的能力，根据上下文中出现的同义词，近义词，反义词，以及词义的解释来理解生词。

同时要抓住文章的中心，不要受其他信息的影响。

要根据题目及选项以及文章的上下文串联合理的判断推理。

5．阅读理解
Great changes have taken place in family life because of science and industry(工业). In the past, when most Americans lived on farms, the typical family had many children. In a farm family, parents and their children often lived with grandparents. Usually, uncles and aunts lived nearby. But when industry became more important than agriculture in American life, families became smaller because industry requires workers who are ready and able to move off the land and move again whenever necessary. And large families cannot move from place to place as smaller families. So, at present people tend to have smaller families.
In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. The typical family may remain childless and consist only of a man and a woman. A small number of families may take raising children as their chief work. At the same time they may also raise other people's children, leaving those families free to move from job to job.
（1）Which of the following topics is discussed in the passage?
A. The development of science and industry in America.
B. The influence of science and industry on American families.
C. Harmful effect of industrialization.
D. Social problems resulting from the highly-developed science and industry in America.
（2）What kinds of families are described in the passage?
A. Families of the past and the present.
B. Families of the present and the future.
C. Families of the past and the future.
D. Families of the past, the present and the future.（3）What is one of the reasons that families are getting smaller in America?
A. Children tend to leave their parents and grandparents when they grow up.
B. People stop caring for children.
C. The need for workers who are able to move at any time has been increasing.
D. Both old and young people prefer to live by themselves.
（4）What can you infer from the passage?
A. Science and industry have caused thousands of families to split(破裂).
B. Children do not live with their parents or grandparents.
C. Large families can hardly survive in modern society.
D. Americans are very choosy about their jobs.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：由于工业的发展，家庭也受到了影响，原来的家庭孩子多，而现在的家庭孩子少，由于工业的发展家庭会总是搬动，有的家庭只有一个孩子或者没有孩子。

（1）细节理解题，根据Great changes have taken place in family life because of science and industry(工业).可知家庭受到了科学和工业发展的影响，故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据文章内容可知，短文涉及到了过去的家庭，现在的家庭和将来的家庭，故答案是D。

（3）细节理解题，根据In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. 可知对于工人们能够随时搬动的需求，所以家庭变得原来越小，故答案是C。

（4）逻辑推理题，根据文章内容可知，工人们可能会随时要搬家，大的家庭就没有这样的便捷，所以大家庭就不适于生存在现代的社会，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。

细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，由已知内容推出未知的可能的事实。