关于政治的英文词汇

constitution 宪法legislation立法Democrats党Republicans Amendment修正案Congress美国国
Senate 参议院
House of Representatives 众议院monarchy 君主制
anarchism 无政府主义
federal system 联邦制presidential system 总统制municipal 市的，市政的metropolitan 大都市的
centralized 中央集权的
ideology 意识形态
tariff 关税
immigrant 移民
institutionalize 机构化
election 选举
veto 否决
poll 投票，投票数，民意测验office holding 任职
American Revolution美国革命/独立战争
Independence War 美国独立战争American Civil War 美国战
radical 激进的,根本的overturning 颠覆性的
independent 独立的
breathtaking 冲动人心的
military 军事的
colonize 拓殖，殖民
percapita 人均
treason 叛国 c
onspiracy 阴谋
imprisonment 监禁
release 释放
pardon 特赦
accusation 遣责，指控
welfare 福
利
patronage 资助，赞助
unionization 联合，结
合
attache [法语] 随行人
员
glasnost [俄语] 公开性；开
放
jujitsu [日语] 柔术
karate [日语] 空手
道
laissez-faire [法语] 自由主
义
Lebensraum [德语] 生存
空间
per annum [拉丁语] 每
年
rapport [法语] 和睦；友
好
rendezvous [法语] 约会(地
点)
sumo [日语相扑
karaoke; judo; per capita;
tai chi chuan;
Big Apple (大苹果)美国
纽约市
Big Board (纽约证券交易所的
大行情板)纽约证券所／纽约股
市
Broadway (百老汇大街)美国或纽
约市商业性戏剧
(业)
City of Angels (天使城)洛
杉矶
City of Brotherly Love (博爱
城)费
城
City by the Golden Gate (
1/ 6
金门城)旧金山市
Crescent City (新月城)新奥尔良市
Dice City (赌城)(美国以夜总会和赌场著称的)拉斯韦加斯市
Empire State (帝国州)纽约州
Fun City (逍遥城)纽约市
Golden State (黄XX)加利福尼亚州
Hollywood (好莱坞)美国电影业；美国电影界
Hub of the Universe(宇宙中心)波士顿市
Madison Avenue( 美国广告业中心)麦迪逊大街美国广告业／美国商业
Mother of Presidents (总统之母)美国弗吉尼亚州或俄亥俄州
Steel City (钢城)匹兹堡市
Windy City (多风城)芝加哥市
White House(白宫)美国政府；美国总统the City [(英国首都伦敦市中心)
伦敦城] 英国商业界；英国金融
界
Fleet Street (舰队街)英国新闻
界
Scotland Yard (格兰场；伦敦警
察局)伦敦警方
Elysee [(法国总统官邱)爱丽舍宫]
法国政府；法国总统
Maginot Line [(第二次大战前法
国所筑防御阵地体系)马其诺防线]盲
目行动；迷恋于维持现状
Quai d'Orsay [(法国外交部附近
地名)凯道赛码头]法国外交部；法国
外交政策；法国政府
Bermuda／
Bermuda Triangle [百慕大(魔鬼)
三角]危险的禁区
Horn of Africa (非洲之角)索马
里和埃塞俄比亚
cancer-causing drug致癌药
物
policy-making body 决策机
构
Peace-keeping force 维和部
队
Oil-producing country 产油
国
long-standing issue由来己久的问
题
wide-spreading AIDS 到处蔓延
的艾滋病
high-ranking official高级官
员
far-reaching significance深远意
义
blood-cemented friendship 鲜血
凝成的友谊贫困地区
poverty-stricken area外向型经
济
export-oriented economy deep-r
ooted social problems 根深蒂
固的社会问题
quick-frozen food 速冻食
品
foreign-owned enterprise外
资企业
long-faced job loser愁眉苦脸的
失业者
dimly-lit room 光线昏暗的房
间
2/ 6
well-informed source 消息灵通人士
richly-paid job薪水丰厚的工作
highly-sophisticated technology 尖端技术
inflation-proof deposit 保值储蓄
vehicle-free promenade/ street 步行街
interest-free loan无息贷款labor-intensive enterprise 劳动力密集型企业
arms-reduction talks 裁军谈判
year-end report 年终报告
labor-management conflict 劳资冲突供求失调
supply-demand imbalance long-t erm，low-interest loan长期低息贷款
top-level talk 最高级会谈fair-trade agreement互惠贸易协定
long-range nuclear missile远
程核导弹
100-metre dash百米赛跑
one-man government 专制政
府
one-way street 单向
道
21-gun salute 21响礼炮
face-to-face talk 会晤；面
晤
hand-to-mouth pay 温饱工
资
ground-to-air missile地对空导
弹
dusk-to-dawn curfew彻夜宵
禁
touch-and-go affair 一触即发
的局势
middle-of-the-road policy 中立
政策
be-kind-to-animal campaign 保
护动物运动
see-while-you-talk phone 可
视
good-to-excellent care无微不
至的关心
on-the-spot interview现场采
访
on-the-job training; 在职培
训;
one-country-two-system policy一
国两制的政策
China’s actual conditions中
国国情
be honest in performing on
e’s official duties廉洁奉公
build a clean and honest go
vernment; construction of a
clean government廉政建
立abuse of power for perso
nal gain；
misuse of power for private
interest以权谋私
corruption reporting centre举
报中心
be responsible for one's o
wn profit and loss 自负盈亏
jack up price哄抬物
价
single youth above the norma
l matrimonial age大龄青年
3/ 6
high-tech business incubator ; pioneer park创业园
“物质文明〞〔material progress 〕、〔intellectual and ideological development〕、
“宰客〞〔rip off〕、
“打白条〞〔issue IOUs〕关系网〔network of personal connect ions 〕、
“下海〞〔risk one’s fortune in business〕、
“跳槽〞〔job-hop〕
euthanasia〔安乐死〕，
AIDS艾滋病
elevated highways〔高架道路〕
information superhighway信息高速公路
value-added tax 〔增值税〕，hula hoop〔呼拉圈〕，
surfing 〔冲浪运动〕，
talk show〔访谈节目；谈话类节目)
lucky draw抽奖vicious circle恶性循环
Yangtze River delta长江三角
洲
tax avoidance避税
localization外乡化；本地化
settling-in allowance安家
费
interdisciplinary talent复合
型人才
jerry-built project豆腐渣工
程
worse off than some, better
off than many比上缺乏，比下有
余
fight corruption and build
a clean government反腐倡
廉
real estate market房地产市
场
Comfortable Housing Project安
居工程
distribution according to
one's performance按劳分配
to buy a house on mortg
age; to mortgage a house按揭
购房
Service industry/ service tra
de窗口行业
Pet clinic宠物医院
Inter-city train城际列车
Green hand 菜鸟，新手
Multinational company跨国公
司
Passive smoking; second-hand
smoking被动吸烟
Copyright reserved所
有
Money worship拜金主义
Start from scratch白手起
家
century-old shop百年老
店
Host country东道国
countdown倒计时
Crack down on fake
products 打假
Protective umbrella保护伞
find a sugar daddy;
be a mistress for a rich m
an;
lean on a moneybag傍大
4/ 6
款
National Committee of the Ch inese People's Political Cons ultative Conference (CPPCC)
迎难而上face difficulties squarely
work with courage and determ ination, 奋勇拼搏
困难险阻all difficulties and obstacle
保持平稳较快增长maintain steady and rapid gr owth
社会事业social program
fight against massive natur al disaster〔抗击特大自然灾害〕残奥会Paralympics
the Shenzhou VII manned sp ace mission
socialism with Chinese char acteristics 〔中国特色社会主义〕奋勇前进bravely forge ahead
宏观经济政策macroeconomic policies
复杂多
变complex and volatile
预见性、针对性和有效
性proactive, targeted and e
ffective。

maintaining steady and rapid
economic development and co
ntrolling price hikes
〔保持经济平稳较快开展，控制物价
过快上涨〕
急转直下deteriorate sharply
积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政
策
proactive fiscal policy and
a moderately easy monetary p
olicy
出口退税
率export rebate rates
金融机构存贷款基准利率
the benchmark interest rates
on savings and loans for
financial institutions
存款准备金率
required reserve ratios
储蓄存款利息个人所得
税the individual income tax
on interest earnings from
savings
证券交易印花
税securities transaction sta
mp tax rates 住房交易税费
taxes and fees on housing t
ransaction
出手要快、出拳要重、措施要准、工
作要实的要求
requirement that we act fast
, be forceful, take targeted
measures and stress impleme
ntation
进一步扩大需
further boost domestic demand
重点产业振兴
revitalizing key industry
agriculture, rural areas an
d farmers 〔三农〕
粮食直补、农资综合补贴、良种补贴、
农机具购置补
贴subsidies to grain produc
ers, general subsidies for a
gricultural production supplie
5/ 6
nation
s, and subsidies for superio
r crop varieties and the pu
rchase of agricultural machin
ery and tools
粮食收购
价grain purchase prices
主要农产品临时收储政策
temporary policy for purchasi
ng and stockpiling major agr
icultural products
支线飞机、新能源汽车、高速铁路
regional aircraft, automobiles
powered by new energy sour
ces and high-speed railways
Balancing economic and soci
al development 〔统筹社会经济开
展〕
our policy to stimulate and
expand employment by encour
aging business startup〔以创业
带动就业政策〕
棚户区shantytown
免费义务教
育Free compulsory education
民族凝聚
力the cohesiveness of our
6/ 6。