构词法中的转化法课件-高三英语一轮复习

Brain storm
rainbow raincoat
…
rainproof
rain
rainfall
rainforest
rainstorm
raindrop rainbelt
rain 名词 1. The rain poured down.
2. It rains cats and dogs. rain 动词
Each apartment can house a family of six.
vt. 给…提供住房；安置
3. If you want to cry, to cry on my shoulder. n. 肩膀
As teenagers, we must shoulder the responsibility of our nation. vt. 扛；承担（责任；罪责等）
Word Formation (构词法中的转化法)
目标要求：掌握构词法中的转化法，正确地识记单词，扩大词汇量， 提高记忆速度和记忆效果。 重点：让学生掌握转化法的几种转化情况及其语境中的运用；同时 感悟构词法在阅读和语法填空中的运用。 难点：转化法是一个单词由一种词性转化成另一种词性或多种词性 而不改变词形的方法。所以结合语境猜词义和词性便成了难点。 考点：构词法是拓宽词汇应用、提高词汇记忆效率的重要方法，也 是语法填空、阅读和作文的高频考点。
• Word formation is not a panacea(万能药)！
• Greenhouse? • Dead-president ?
Homework: 1.复习构词法知识 2. 找出运用了构词法的单词并加以分析
（2021年全国乙卷)
2. 找出运用了构词法的单词并加以分析
（2021年全国乙卷)
en作动词前缀或后缀“使……”；还可以作形容词后缀 enable、enforce、brighten、ripen、wooden
-over前缀表“超过或过多”；“在……之上”
overestimate、overdose、overnight、over-optimistic、overlook
三、缩写下列短语并给出意思
名词(n.)
动词(v.)
use
用法；用途 使用；消耗
graduate 毕业生
毕业
record
纪录；唱片 记录；显示
present
礼物；现在 颁发；呈现
v. 浇水
形容词转化为动词
1. Tom is a brave man.
adj. 勇敢的
2. He always braves the difficulties .n lifev.. 勇敢地面对
Check your homework:
二、请根据下列单词总结相关词缀。
派生法 （Derivation）
-al 名词或形容词后缀
general、principal、individual、approval、dismissal
-tive名词或形容词后缀 detective、objective、representative、relative
Step1:
Check the homework
Check your homework:
一、请给以下的单词加上前缀（prefix)或者后缀(suffix)表示否定意义。
agree → disagree 不同意 logical → illogical 不合逻辑的
polite → impolite 不礼貌的 formal → informal 非正式的 regular → irregular 不规则的 understand → misunderstand 误解 usual → unusual 不寻常的 limit → limitless 无限的 normal → abnormal 反常的
vt. 涌入；涌现 4. At the time earthquake happened, people flooded to the playground. n. 大批；大量 There is a flood of people attending the lecture.
A.vt.认为 B.vt.计算 C.n.数字；位数 D.n.轮廓；人影 E.n.身材
conservation sharply
shapes tasty
Practical application
national showcases
achievements
to restore
indirectly
strengthened
enable
economic
development
DO REMEMBER!!!
形容词转化成动词。如：
spare （adj.闲置的→v.节省） fast （adj.快速的→v.禁食）
cool （adj.凉快的→v.冷却） better（adj.更好的→v.改善）
own （adj.自己的→v.拥有） close （adj.亲密的→v.关闭） slow （adj.慢的→v.减慢） last （adj.最后的→v.持续）
Step3:Exercise 写出下列单词的词性以及词义
adj. 空的
1. After the discovery, the tomb became empty soon.
People soon emptied the tomb after discovering it.
vt. 清空 2. Each apartment is a house which six people live in. n. 房子
Thank you !
v. 必须做
4.Hot pot is a must for all tourists to taste in Sichuan.
n. 必须做（买、看）的事
名词转化为动词
1. She gave me a glass of water. n. 水 2. You should water the flowers twice a week.
VR 虚拟现实பைடு நூலகம்
缩略法
AI 人工智能 （Abbreviation）
四、猜猜下列合成词的意思；并用合成词翻译所给汉语
narrow-minded
心胸狭窄的
painkiller
止痛药
window-shopping sleep-walk pickpocket 脾气好的 目光短浅的 二手的
逛街(只逛不买) 梦游 扒手 good-tempered short-sighted second-hand
Step2:
转化法 Conversion
转化法（conversion）
在词形不变的情况下，把一个单词由一种词性 转 化 成另一种词性，而没有加任何词缀，这种构词 方法称为转化法。转化法和其它构词法一样是拓宽 词汇应用、提高词汇记忆效率的重要方法，也是高 考阅读和完形填空和作文的高频考点。
转化法（conversion）
1.I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as close to it as I am to my dogs. A 2.I could see the figure of a woman against the window. D 3.He went on to graduate from college and got a job, earning close to six figures. C 4.It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied. B 5.Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation. E
形容词转化为名词
1. She is wearing a black dress. adj. 黑色的 2. The girl in black is very beautiful. n. 黑色 3.Taylor Swift is her favourite singer.
adj.最喜爱的
4.She loves a lot of singers but Taylor Swift is her favourite. n.最喜爱的东西或人
Step4:Make a summary
构词法：
派生法（Derivation）【前缀/后缀】 缩略法(Abbreviation) 合成(Compounding) 转化法（Conversion）【词性转换】
Step5：
Comprehensive exercise
[考点练悟]
1．(2022·全国乙卷)As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest teaproducing country, China has a ____r_es_p_o_n_s_ib_i_li_ty__(responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 2．(2022·浙江卷)When the answer was no, she declined the __in_v_i_ta_ti_o_n_ (invite)． 3．(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)But that's how nature is— always leaviansgtounsis_h_ed________ (astonish)．
Very Important Person VIP 大人物、贵宾 Chief Executive Officer CEO 首席执行官
China Central Television CCTV 中央电视台
World Trade Organization WTO 世界贸易组织
Virtual Reality Artificial Intelligence
转化法
名词
动词
形容词
动词转化为名词
1.The child was eyeing the chocolate cake greedily.
v. 注视
2.The child was looking at the chocolate cake with his greedy eyes. n. 眼睛
3.Tourists must try hot pot when they visit Sichuan.