Amplification 增词法功能用法详细介绍

• At the meeting he made a speech – eloquent and energetic. • 他在会上发表了讲话 – 很动听，很有力。 • Tess is queer. • 苔丝的脾气可古怪呢。 • She is not born for wifing and mothering. • 她这个人不是做贤妻良母的料子。
2.2 Amplification for the Clarity of Meaning( 为了意义上的需要）
1) For the Sake of Collocation (搭配的需要）
• For example: • Marco quickly learned that language and custom of the Chinese. • 马可很快学会了中国人的语言，适应了中 国人的风俗习惯。 • He d a closing speech.
• 2) Amplification by supplying words to convey the concept of plurality, tense and voice（增加表示复数概念及时体语气 的词） • For example: • Britain’s railway system is being improved. • 英国的铁路系统正日益完善。 • English prose is elaborate rather than simple. It was not always so. • 现今英国散文华巧而欠简朴，过去却并非 如此。
• He doubtlessly expected hugs, tablefuls of food, tears, laughter, and conversation followed by more conversation, then hugs and more hugs all over again, without end. • 毫无疑问，他以为会有热烈的拥抱，满 桌的食物，激动的泪水， 欢乐的笑声， 一段接一段的谈话，一次又一次的拥抱， 没完没了。
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The lion is the king of animals. 狮子是百兽之王。 I saw bubbles rising from under the water. 我看见一个个水泡从水下升起。 Fogs hide the mountain peaks. 云雾遮蔽了重重峰峦。 Reports of new success keep pouring in. 捷报频传。
• In the evening , after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibition, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué . • 晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观 看 乒乓球表演以后，他还得起草最后公 报。
2）For the Sake of Logic or Coherence（逻辑连贯的需要）
• ---- Amplification by supplying connective words. • For example: • Past retirement age, Dr. Masefield is as vigorous as ever. • 虽然已过了退休的年龄，可梅斯菲尔德 博士仍和以前一样精力充沛。
• This is because English and Chinese are two entirely different languages and each has its own historical and cultural background. Therefore, many ideas, idiomatic expressions and shortened words etc. that are well understood in the country of their origin can hardly make any sense to people abroad .In this case it is unimaginable for a translator to stick to the original pattern without alternation and consequently amplification is adopted in dealing with such occasions.
• As a matter of principle , a translator is not supposed to add any meaning to or subtract any meaning from the original work. However, this does not mean that a translator should refrain from supplying necessary words to make his or her version both accurate in meaning and in keeping with idiomatic use of the language to be translated into. In fact it is precisely for the purpose of “faithful representation” of the thought of the author that we often resort to “amplification”.
1. Definition
• Amplification, also called addition, means supplying necessary words in translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original.
• ---- Amplification by supplying necessary verbs, adjectives, adverbs or even nouns to make the meaning clearer. • For example: • When I came to I was in the water, swimming automatically, though I was about two thirds drowned. • 当我清醒过来时，发觉自己在水里，虽然 浸的半死，却本能地浮着。
2. Amplification in EnglishChinese Translation
2.1 Amplification for the Sake of Grammar(为了语法上的需要）
• 1) Amplification by Supplying Necessary Measure Words • （增添量词） • For example: • a horse 一匹马 • a car 一辆小轿车 • a plane 一架飞机
----Amplification by Supplying Words
of Generalization ( 概括性增词）
• The Americans and Japanese conducted a completely secret exchange of message. • 美日 双方 在完全保密的情况下互相交换了信件。 • The thesis summed up the new achievements made in electronic computers , artificial satellites and rockets. • 论文总结了电子计算机，人造卫星和火箭 三方 面的新成就。
• ---- We should by no means neglect the evaporation of water. • 我们决不能忽视水的蒸发作用。 • More and more people have realized the necessity of learning computer. • 越来越多的人认识到学习计算机的必要性。 • ---- There had been so much violence in that region. • 那个地区发生了许多暴力事件。
最好的导体电阻最小最差的导体电阻最22amplificationmeaning为了意义上的需要collocation搭配的需要marcoquicklylearned马可很快学会了中国人的语言适应了中国人的风俗习惯
Amplification
增词法
Amplification
• 1. Definition • 2. Amplification in English-Chinese Translation • 3. Amplification in Chinese-English Translation • 4. Exercises
• To the east and south a faint pink is spreading. • 东南方呈现一抹浅红，正在向远方扩展。 • It was also a limited engagement. • 这也是一桩有时间限制的婚约。 • It was a nova! • 这是一颗新星！
---- Amplification by Supplying Words to Make an Abstract Concept Clear ( 把抽象 的概念表达清楚） Some abstract nouns are derived from verbs or adjectives, so in translation we may amplify proper nouns to make the meaning clearer. For example: Darkness 漆黑一团 Backwardness 落后状态； 落后面貌
2.3 Amplification for the Sake of Rhetoric(为了修辞上的需要）
1）Amplification by Repetition（重复性增词）
• ---- Avoid using this computer in extreme cold, heat, dust, or humidity. • 不要在 过 冷， 过 热，灰尘 过 重，湿度 过 大 的情况下使用电脑。 • ---- Ignorance is the mother of fears as well as of admiration. • 无知是恐惧的根源，也是崇拜的根源。
• 他没有致闭幕词就宣布会议结束。 • After the basketball match, he still has an important conference. • 看完篮球比赛之后，他还有一个重要会议 要参加。 • What a leader he was! • 他真是一个出类拔萃的领袖啊！
3) Amplification by Supplying Words Omitted in the Original (增添原文所省略的词语） ---- Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter. 物质可以转化为能，能也可以 转化 为物 质。 ---The best conductor has the least resistance and the poorest the greatest. 最好的导体电阻最小，最差的 导体电阻 最 大。
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Heated , water will change into vapor. 水如受热，就会汽化。 Theory is something, but practice is everything. 理论固然重要，实践尤其重要。 For mistakes have been made, bad ones. 因为已经犯下了许多错误， 而且 还是很糟的错误。