科技英语复习总结

科技英语复习总结科技英语复习总结
单项选择单词：单项选择单词：
meteorites 流星、陨星流星、陨星
流星、陨星 radiation 辐射辐射
primitive 原始原始
microbe 微生物微生物 ultraviolet radiation 紫外线紫外线紫外线 penetrate 渗透、刺入、穿透渗透、刺入、穿透
biospheres 生物圈生物圈
extrabiology 天体生物学天体生物学
organism 微生物微生物
Martian 与火星有关的与火星有关的
Spectral signature 光谱分析光谱分析
光谱分析 Laser 激光激光 Mercury 水星水星 Venus 金星金星 Jupiter 木星木星
Saturn 土星土星
Uranus 天王星天王星 Neptune 海王星海王星 Iron 铁质铁质 Orbit 环绕环绕 Parent star 恒星恒星
恒星 Inhabit Inhabit、、habitable habitable、、habitat
翻译：翻译：
火星表面下可能有一个更好的微生物的避难所，液态水可能是永久性的，危险的太阳紫外线不会穿透。

的，危险的太阳紫外线不会穿透。

Probably a better haven for microbes is beneath the Martian surface, wher e liquid water may be permanent and where the e liquid water may be permanent and where the Sun’s Sun’s Sun’s dangerous ultraviol dangerous ultraviol et radiation does not penetrate.
第一单元：第一单元：
A. Translate the following expressions intoChinese:
1. mutual gain game and mutual harm game 互赢博弈和互败博弈
互赢博弈和互败博弈
2. sequential-move game 连续策略博弈
3. simultaneous-move game 联立策略博弈
4. linear reasoning 直线推理
5. circular reasoning 循环推理
6. Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡
7. dominant strategy 支配性策略
8. optimal result 最优化结果
9. breakdown of cooperation 合作分裂
10. strategy of brinkmanship 边缘化策略
B. Translate the following expressions intoEnglish:
1. 完全博弈 pure conflict
2. 竞争与合作 competition and cooperation
3. 策略性相互作用 strategic interdependence
4. 囚徒困境 prisoners’ dilemma
5. 长远性损失 long-run loss
6. 针锋相对策略 tit-for-tat strategy
7. 混合性策略 mixing one’s moves
8. (网球)斜线球或底线球hita passing shot cross-court or down the line
9. 垄断性市场 monopoly market
10. 均衡份额 equilibrium shares
III. Sentence Translation:
A. Translate the following English sentencesinto Chinese: (Pay attention
to the underlined part)
1. The essence of a game is the interdependence of player strategies.
There are two distinct types of strategic interdependence: sequential and
simultaneous.
博弈的实质是博弈者采取策略之间的相互依赖性。

这种策略性的相互依赖表现为两个不同的类别：连续策略之间的相互作用以及联立策略之间的相互作用。

2. When we say that an outcome is an equilibrium, there is no
presumption that each person's privately best choice will lead to a
collectively optimal result.
当我们把博弈的结果表述为一种均衡的时候，并不是基于以下的假设：即博弈的每个参与者的个人最佳策略将会带来共同的最优化结果。

3. In some situations of conflict, any systematic action will be discovered and exploited by the rival. Therefore, it is important to keep
the rival guessing by mixing one's moves. Typical examples arise in
sports—whether to run or to pass in a particular situation in football, or
whether to hit a passing shot cross-court or down the line in tennis.
在一些博弈的冲突中，任何条理化和计划性的行为都会被对手发现并
加以利用。

因此，通过采用组合性策略使对手迷惑就显的非常重要。

我们在体育运动中可以发现典型的例子---比如足球比赛时特定情况下选择跑位或传球，网球比赛击球时选择斜线球或底线球。

brinkmanship "is the tactic of deliberately letting the situation get 4.4. brinkmanship
somewhat out of hand, just because its being out of hand may be intolerable to the other party and force his accommodation."
边缘政策 “是一种故意使局势变的有些无法控制的策略，正是这种无法控制性可能会使另一方无法接受而选择妥协。

”
When one player knows something that others do not, sometimes he is 5.5.When one player knows something that others do not, sometimes he is anxious to conceal this information (one's hand in poker), and at other times he wants to reveal it credibly (a company's commitment to quality). In both cases the general principle is that actions speak louder than words.
当博弈的一方了解其他人所不掌握的信息时，他会急于隐瞒这一信息(比如牌局中所拿到的牌)，在其他一些情况下，他还会想令人信服的公开某些信息(比如某一公司对质量的承诺)。

在这两种情况下，行胜于言是博弈者遵循的基本原则。

第五单元：
A. Translate the following expressions intoChinese：
1. the existing technology 现有的技术
2. voice commands 语音命令
3. cellular network蜂窝网络
4. slot for added memory附加存储卡用槽
5. have computerlikefeatures具有电脑功能
6. a built-in digitalcamera内置式数码相机
7. set up temporary offices建立临时办公室
8. word processing power 文字处理能力
9. qwerty keyboard 标准键盘
10. location-based services定位服务
B. Translatethe following expressions into English：
1. 闪存容量flashy memory
2. 手机观察家们mobile-phone watchers
3. 投影键盘projection keyboard
4. 个人电脑的捍卫者defenders of the PC
5. 语音识别系统speech-recognition system
6. “双铰”式设计“dual hinge” design
7. 按钮式拨号式键盘the touch-tone pad
8. 手机迷a phone guy
9. 豪华大屏显the luxuriously large screen
10. 智能手机the sophisticated / smart phones
III. SentenceTranslation
A. Translatethe following English sentences into Chinese.
1.As our phones get smarter, smaller and faster and enable users to connect at high speeds to the Internet, an obvious question arises: is the mobile handset turning into the next computer?
电话变得越来越智能、小型、快速，并且能够让用户高速地连接到因特网，一个显而易见的问题就出现了：
移动手持设备将成为下一代的一个显而易见的问题就出现了：移动手持设备将成为下一代的计算机吗？
2. There are also smart phones on the way with video cameras, GPS antennas and access to local Wi-Fi hotspots, the superfast wireless networks often found in offices, airports and cafes.
还有一些正在开发中的智能电话,他们将带有摄像机、GPS天线以及本地Wi-Fi (一种常在办公室、机场和本地咖啡馆能找到的超高速无限网络)热点链接的入口。

3. With this capability, phones will soon be able to provide precise driving directions, serve up discounts for stores as you walk by them and expand dating services like the one Christoph in Frankfurt enjoyed.
走过店铺时手机很快就能提供诸如精确的行车向导、走过店铺时有了这项功能，手机很快就能提供诸如精确的行车向导、
店铺的打折信息以及开展约会等服务。

4.
Y et mobile-phone innovators are working to solve that tricky problem, too. Scientists are continuing decades of research into speech-recognition systems and have recently introduced the technology into PDAs.
手机不太可能沿着最快的道路飞驶向自己光明的未来。

这个行业里的创新充满了曲折和失误，这常常是由于没有任何一家单独的公司能完全控制这一产品。

然而，手机创新者也正着手解决这个棘手的问题。

手机创新者也正着手解决这个棘手的问题。

科学家已经在语音科学家已经在语音识别系统方面进行了数十年的研究，识别系统方面进行了数十年的研究，而且此项研究仍在继续。

而且此项研究仍在继续。

最近已将这项技术引入了PDAs 中。