高一英语Unit 11重难点解释

英语：Unit 11重难点解释〔旧高一上〕
〔一〕单词：
1. perform v.表演；履行；执行
They are performing his piano concert tonight.
今晚他们正在演奏他的钢琴音乐会。

The machine performs well.
那部机器运转良好。

performance n.表演；表现；履行
They are going to give another performance.
他们还将进行一次演出。

He is excellent in the performance of his duties.
他的工作表现极为出色。

2. contain vt.包含；容纳
contain表示“含有，装有〞时，一般不用进行时。

This book contains all the information I need.
这本书包含我所用的信息。

区别：contain和include：
contain指作为内容物而加以包含，表示包含之物的或，〔侧重包含内容或成分〕；include指将包含于全体中。

例：①The parcel contained a dictionary.
那包裹里装的是一本字典。

②The parcel included a dictionary.
那包裹里也包括了一本字典。

③Sea water contains salt.
海水中含有盐分。

④The book contains a lot of illustrations.
这本书中有很多插图。

〔所含之物已成为一个组成。

〕
3. spread v.传播；伸展；展开
过去式spread.，过去分词spread.
The fire spread quickly through the forest.
大火迅速在整个林区蔓延。

He spread the information around.
他到处散布那个消息。

Bird flu quickly spread throughout the lonely area.
禽流感很快在那一偏僻蔓延开了。

4. satisfy vt.使……满意，满足
〔1〕常用结构：
satisfy sb. /sth.使……满意/满足
be satisfied with sb. / sth.对……感到满意
be satisfied to do sth.对做……感到满意
He is seldom content. Nothing satisfies him.
他很少满足，什么也不能使他满意。

My English teacher was satisfied with my English study.
我的英语老师对我的英语学习感到满意。

We were satisfied to get a timely answer.
得到及时的答复，我们感到很满意。

〔2〕satisfied adj.〔人〕满足的；满意的
satisfying adj.〔事物〕令人满意的
satisfactory adj.令人满意的；符合要求的；如愿的
satisfaction n.满足；满意
即学即用：①The little girl gave a ____________ smile.
小女孩露出了满意的微笑。

②What he has done is far from _____________.
A．satisfactory B．satisfied
C．satisfaction D．satisfy
5. desire n.愿望；心愿；要求vt. 期望；；请求
〔1〕desire动词期望，表示强烈的愿望或请求，可接名词、不式、复合宾语和从句：
We all desire happiness and health.
我们都想要幸福和健康。

We always desire to live with them in peace.
我们总是能和他们和睦相处。

What do you desire me to do now?
你要我现在为你做什么？
〔2〕请求，要求，跟从句，动词用虚拟语气
He desires that she (should) go and see him at once.
他要她马上去看他。

desire用作可数名词，意思是“要求〞，“强烈愿望〞
have a desire for / to do sth.有做某事的愿望
He has a strong desire for success. /He has a strong desire to succeed.
他有强烈的欲望。

6. express v.表示；表达；表白
The guests expressed their thanks before leaving.
客人们临走前表达了谢意。

express oneself 〔用语言、行动〕表达自己的思想观点
Can you express yourself in English?
你能用英语表达自己的思想吗？
expression n.表现；表达〔不可数〕；说法；表情〔可数〕
Hearing the general manager’s explanation, he had a puzzled expression on his face.
听了总经理的解释后，他脸上露出疑惑的表情。

练：Though he has learnt English for some time, he can’t make his feelings and thoughts ___________ in it.
A. express
B. expressing
C. expressed
D. to express
〔二〕短语：come from 来自…
1.ask for advice 征求建议
2.make a decision 下决心
3.have…in mind 想到某事，想到做某事
4.dance to a song 伴着歌跳舞
5.consider doing sth 考虑做…
6. a world of 大量的许多
7.on /over the radio 播送中
8.on TV 电视中
9.to be brief/in brief 简而言之
10.music styles 音乐形式
11.in style 流行的
12.out of style 过时的
13.a way to do sth/ of doing sth 做某事的方法
14.during festivals 在节日期间
15.since then 从那时以来
16.have much/a lot/nothing…in common with
和…有许多共同之处/没有共同之处
17.along with 和…一起
18.be known throughout the world 闻名于世
19.a variety of 各种各样的…
20.open one’s ears to 专心听
21.be different from 与…不同
22.pick up 捡起，开车去接某人，〔通过实践〕语言
23.pick out 选出，挑选
24.the key to the room 房间的钥匙25.a two—room house 两居室的房子
26.make the first record 出第一张唱片
27.make music one’s career把音乐作为事业
28.satisfy one’s inner desire满足内心欲望
29.in different ways 以不同方式
30.at the same time 同时
31.feel easy 感到舒心
32.forget about sth 忘记某事
pare …and /with…拿…和…作比拟
1. You want to find a good song to dance to.
dance to按……节拍跳舞，伴随……跳舞
其中to为介词，按……节拍；伴随……
The type of music has become very famous in Britain and is very good music to dance to.
这种音乐在不列颠很著名，是很好的伴舞的音乐。

She often sings to the piano.
她常用钢琴伴唱。

2. There is a world of music out there!
a world of无数……；大量……；许多……
The praise did me a world of good.
那表扬对我大有好处。

It makes a world of difference whether precautions are taken or not.
有没有预防措施是大不一样的。

3. The blues comes from African songs that people used to sing when they worked and during festivals.
used to do〔以前〕常做；〔过去〕习惯做
used to的否形式usedn’t to或didn’t use to，疑问形式那么写成：Did… use to或Used… to…?
used to后接不式，表示“过去常做某事〞，多表示与现在的比照，暗示“现在不做〞。

would表示过去“习惯性或经常性动作〞，不与现在比照。

He didn’t use to drink. / He usedn’t to drink.
他以前不习惯喝酒。

He would go to see mother every vacation.
他每个假期都去看妈妈。

used to和be used to
used to后跟不式表示“过去常做某事〞，用于过去时，be used to后跟名词和动名词，表示“习惯于〞某一客观事实和状态。

You’ll soon get used to the weather here.
In the end I got used to doing hard work.
最后我终于习惯干苦活了。

4. in common共同〔的〕；共有〔的〕
have sth. in common有共同之处
have much / a lot / nothing / little in common有许多共同之处/没有共同之处
The two have something in common.
两者有共同之处。

Though they are brothers, they have nothing in common with one another.
虽然他们是兄弟，但他们并没有共同之处。

in common with与……一样，有共同之处
In common with you, I think our peace talk will be a success.
和你一样，我认为我们的会谈会。

In common with many other boys, he liked football.
他和很多的男孩一样喜欢足球。

5. There is a wide variety of new music to be discovered in every corner of the world, …
a variety of = various, different kinds of
This shop has a variety of toys.
这家商店有各种各样的玩具。

a variety of于varieties of，后接可数名词或不可数名词。

Varieties of toys are on sale in shops.
各种各样的玩具在商店里出售。

6. I’ll pick you up after work.
The top ten pop songs for this year have been picked out.
△：pick up拾起；拿起；〔在无线电里〕收听到，〔车辆〕中途搭人，带货；
〔偶然地；无意地〕获得〔收益，知识〕加速；使恢复精神；〔语言〕。

→Please pick up all the pieces of paper.
请把所有纸片都捡起来。

→The train stopped to pick up passengers.
火车停下来搭乘客。

→He picked up some knowledge of physics.
他偶然获得了一些物理知识。

△pick out挑出；选出；分辨出
We decided to pick out the best players to join in the game.
我们决挑出最好的选手来参加比赛。

练：Kathy _____________ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.
A．picked up B．took up
C．made up D．turned up
本单元其他的重要短语：
have…in mind想到某事/记住……
turn… into…把……变成……
on the other hand另一方面
give advice提出建议
ask sb for advice向某人征求建议
〔三〕句式：
1. Can you help me decide what to buy for Peter’s Birthday?
你能否帮我决一下该为Peter的生日买什么礼物？
的what to buy结构相当于一个从句，即：
Can you help me decide what I should buy for Peter’s birthday?
wh—动词不式结构在常用作主语、宾语。

如：We haven’t decided yet when to have the meeting.
我们还没有决什么时候开会。

How to operate the computer is what you’re going to learn in this lesson.
如何操作电脑是你们在本堂课要学的内容。

2. How about a Rolling Stones CD?
滚石唱片怎么样？
What / How about …？……怎么样？
此句型可以用来询问情况，提出建议或征询意见。

How about going there to have a look yourself?
你自己去那边看看怎么样？
练：
—How about putting some pictures into the report?
—___________ A picture is worth a thousand words.
A．No way. B．Why not?
C．All right? D．No matter.
3. Here is a brief look at some of the exciting musical styles from around the world.
这里要简单地说一下某些令人兴奋的音乐风格。

here位于句首且主语是名词时引起完全倒装。

Here is the letter you have been looking forward to.
你久盼的信来了。

但如果主语是人称代词时，那么不用倒装
Here they are.他们在这里。

句首如果有there, out, in, on, up, down, away, back, now, then时，和here位于句首时用法相同。

There comes the police bus.
4. …So the next time you look for a tape or a CD, don’t just look for Chinese or American music.
……所以下一回你找磁带或激光唱片的时候，不要只找中国或音乐……。

the next time起连词的作用，引导一个时间状语从句，这是一种用名词性词组引导时间状语从句的用法，其他类似的词或词组还有：
the moment, the minute, every time, each time, any time, the first time, the last time
I’ll ask you for help the next time I’m in trouble.
下次我遇到麻烦时，我一找你帮助。

Every time I went to Beijing I would visit the Great wall.
我每次去都会去参观长城。

I understood everything the minute I saw her face.
我一看到她的面孔，就明白了一切。

有些副词有时也可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句，如：
immediately, directly, instantly
Immediately he came home, I told him about his son’s cheating in the exam.
他刚一回家我就告诉了他，他儿子的事情。

【典型例题】
1. Because of the hot weather, the disease _________________ quickly among the area.
A．spread B．spreaded C．sped D．flew
2. He ______________ work in Hangzhou, did he?
A．usedn’t B．didn’t used C．used to D．usedn’t to
3. More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers
a great ______ of goods.
A．variety B．mixture C．extension D．combination
4. How about the two of us __________ a walk down the garden?
A．to take B．take C．taking D．to be taking
5. __________ he came in, I recognized him.
A．The moment B．ShortlyC．Before long D．Soon
6. The basic need of the people must be _____________.
A．satisfy B．satisfied C．satisfies D．satisfying
7. Hearing the baby crying, _____________.
A．did the mother rush out B．out rushed the mother
C．out the mother rushed D．rushed out the mother
8. With the result of the examination ____________, he went home happily.
A．to satisfy B．satisfied C．satisfy D．satisfying
9. When I was in difficulty, he ______________ gladly help me.
A．would B．used to c．was used to D．is used to
10. —Hello, Can I help you?
—Yes, I want to find some good songs to dance ______________. Do you have such a CD?
A．with B．for C．on D．to
答案：1—5ADACA 6—10BBDAD
【模拟试题】〔答题时间：45分钟〕
I．单项选择
1．They had little desire _________________ wealth.
A．to B．for C．in D．of
2．Though they are twins, they have ______________ with each other.
A．much in common B．little in common
C．many agreements D．no touch
3．—Listen, there _______________.
—Oh, yes. So ________________.
A．goes the bell; it does B．goes the bell; does it
C．the bell goes; it does D．the bell goes; does it 4．—Why so serious, dear?
—Nothing. I’m just thinking about the information ___________ all over the country.
A．spread B．spreads C．to spread D．spreading
5．Beer _______________ alcohol; drinking too much of it will do harm to the health.
A．includes B．contains C．holds D．remains
6．—Who do you ____________ for the job?
—I guess Bob is the proper person for it.
A．have in mind B．thinkC．keep in mind D．offer
7．___________ they visited the Science Museum, they showed great interest in everything they saw.
A．The first time B．For the first time
C．At first D．At the first time
8．I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice ___________ I picked up the phone.
A．immediately ．quicklyC．suddenly D．hurriedly
9．Everyone was late for a _____________ of reasons.
A．great deal B．plentyC．variety D．deal
10．Here are two ways _________________ this idea.
A．expressing B．for expressing C．to express D．that expressing
II. 完形填空
Most of the foods we eat today were at one time or another not known to man. One by one they are ____11____ and became a part of our everyday ____12____. Very often the person, who was the first to ____13____ these foods, however, had to be a person of ____14____, who, for ____15____, ate the first crab〔蟹〕and who, the first mushroom?
When ____16____ and coffee were first introduced to ____17____ in the eighteenth century, there were many ____18____ for and against their use. Some people claim〔宣称〕that they were ____19____, and that, if drunk over long periods of time, they would kill ____20____. In Sweden, King Gustav III decided to find out whether these ____21____ were true or false. It ____22____ happened that there were two brothers who were in
____23____ at the time; they were twins and were almost exactly alike in every ____24____. They had also been sentenced to ____25____. The king decided to let them live if one of them ____26____ to drink several cups of ____27____ each day.
Both brothers lived many years without any ____28____ of any kind. At last one brother who ____29____ to drink tea every day died at the age of 74 and ____30____ died a few years later. Because of the way the experiment had turned out, Sweden is today one of the countries in the world where much tea and coffee are drunk.
11. A. introduced B. produced C. added D. changed 12. A. drink B. cost C. diet D. interest
13. A. cook B. discover C. try D. check
14. A. success B. courage C. practice D. will
15. A. free B. ever C. long D. example
16. A. tea B. tobacco C. milk D. chocolate
17. A. America B. Europe C. Africa D. England
18. A. attempts B. decisions C. opinions D. advice
19. A. different B. common C. plants D. poisonous
20. A. a person B. themselves C. others D. ourselves
21. A. wishes B. decisions C. doubts D. conversations
22. A. so B. very C. too D. much
23. A. school B. hospital C. danger D. prison
24. A. day B. way C. part D. photograph
25. A. death B. dead C. die D. dying
26. A. agreed B. pleased C. allowed D. prepared
27. A. milk B. water C. coffee D. orange
28. A. food B. problems C. taste D. happiness
29. A. had B. enjoyed C. allowed D. insisted
30. A. others B. other C. another D. the other
III. 阅读理解 A
When a person is stuck in heavy traffic for a long time, he maybe dreams of his car flying into the sky, taking him straight to wherever he wants
to go. The flying car has been a dream for some people. On March 5th. 2021, The Terrafugia Transition achieved first flight at Plattsburgh International Airport. The test craft〔飞行器〕only reached about 100 feet (about 30 meters) and stayed in the sky less than 40 seconds. Whether the flying car will become popular in the future remains to be seen.
Flying cars can bring more convenience to people’s life because they can get around with a flying car more freely. When they are stuck in a traffic jam, they can lift their cars out of the highway and fly through the sky, landing just in time. The problem of traffic jams can be solved.
A spokeswoman said, “When you need your car, you can simply drive to your local airport, fly up to 460 miles, land, and drive directly to the place where you want to go. You’ll always be ready to drive or fly.〞Despite its obvious benefits, many researchers put forward disadvantages of flying cars. First, how to control airways might be a problem if thousands of flying cars enter the sky. Besides one must obtain a pilot’s permit in order to operate the vehicle.
Apart from these, there are more legal limitations on where the flying car can go. Since it’s more of an airplane than a car, the flying car can only land at designated〔指的〕airports.
31. The underlined part“Terrafugia Transition〞in paragraph, refers to _________________.
A．a dream’s content B．a car show
C．a new plane D．a flying car
32. From the passage, we can learn that the flying car
_________________.
A．can make people busy with driving and flying
B．will become more and more popular
C．will help solve most traffic problems
D．can make people’s life more convenient
33. What is one of the disadvantages of flying cars?
A．There are more limitations on flying cars than on regular cars.
B．Flying cars will enable the police to deal with various problems.
C．A pilot’s permit is hardly possible for people to get.
D．Operating the flying car is more dangerous.
34. We can infer that the passage is ________________.
A．an essay about the new lifestyle in the future
B．a research report about new means of transport
C．an introduction to a future means of transport
D．a description of the future traffic problem.
B
In 1918, after four years of war which had left millions of people dead, the people alive began to look for a better and happier world. The cinema supplied an answer. For little money, people could forget their unhappy lives and dream of better ones. In the years between 1918 and
1939, going to the cinema became the most popular family free-time activity.
Hollywood, in America, made more films than any other film center in the world. The warm climate and long hours of sunlight meant that film-making was easy and quite cheap. This was also a rich part of America and there were many businessmen who wanted to make money from the film industry. At first short cowboy films were popular because they added excitement and adventure to people’s lives. Later comedy films were made so that people could laugh and forget their troubles.
Charlie Chaplin was probably the most liked of all comedy actors.
35. The reason why people began to look for a better and happier life is that ___________.
A．millions of people had died in the war
B．many people were still alive
C．they wanted to forget the war and their sufferings
D．they want to enjoy life before another war started
36. Cinema became the most popular in people’s free time because _________________.
A．it was cheap B．it was safe
C．it could make people happy D．both A and C
37. Which, according to the writer, is true?
A．Hollywood made more films than some film centers in the world.
B．Many business men came to Hollywood in order to make films.
C．Hollywood was not the biggest producer of films in the world.
D．No other film center made more films than Hollywood did.
38. Hollywood became a film center because __________________.
A．film-making there was cheap and easy
B．it enjoyed long hours of sun light
C．it was a rich part of America
D．many businessmen went there
39. A“comedy〞is something that is ________________.
A．funny B．exciting
C．full of danger D．sad
IV. 改错
It was an English lesson, and the teacher has had
the task of write a composition on a football------
match. All the boys went to work hard, but-------
much ink were put to paper. The teacher wanted------
to do a few reading. After five minutes he looked ------
up, and saw that Peter was not at the work-----
“Now, Peter,〞 said he, “go on to your work〞-------
“I’ve finished, sir.〞 said Peter “Already? Quite------impossible! well, read you’ve written〞 Peter ------
stood up and read as follow. Ground unfit for-------
play Match postponed.〔推迟〕---------
【试题答案】
1—5BBAAB 6—10AAACC
11—15ACCBD 16—20ABCDA
21—25CADBA 26—30ACBAD
31—34DDAC 35—39CDDAA
40. has→had 41. write→writing
42. but→and 43. were→was
44. few→little 45. 去掉the
46. to→with 47. √
48. read后加what 49. follow→follows。