[宝典]四级翻译语法-现在分词做状语

现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语：时间，条件，伴随方式，原因，结果（见书后P130练习题Ⅹ）
1. 现在分词作时间状语(一般式∕完成式)
1) 分词动作一发生，谓语动作紧跟着发生，这时用现在分词的一般式作时间状语。

常用的
动词，如：hear, see, arrive, return, get to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等，表示一个极短暂动作。

e.g. Hearing their teac her’s voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.
（= On hearing their teacher’s voice…
= As soon as they heard their teacher’s voice, the pupils…）
2)谓语动作发生在分词所表示的动作过程之中，用现在分词的一般式作时间状语。

e.g. Working in the factory, he learned a lot from the workers.
( = When / while working in the factory…
= When he was working in the factory, he…)
3) 分词所表示的动作完成之后，谓语动作才发生，则要现在分词的完成式，即having done
的形式。

e.g.Having finished his homework the boy was allowed to watch TV play.
( = After having finished his homework, the boy…
= After /when he had finished his homework, the boy…)
2. 现在分词作条件状语
e.g.Working hard, you will succeed. = If you work hard, you’ll succeed.
3. 现在分词作原因状语
e.g. Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.
= Because we have lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.
4. 现在分词作让步状语
e.g. Weighing almost one hundred jin the stone was moved by him alone.
= Although the stone weighted almost one hundred jin, it was moved by him alone.
5. 现在分词作结果状语
e.g. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.
= Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus it caused the delay.
6. 现在分词作伴随方式状语
e.g. The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.。