Unit 2 重要知识点讲解2021-2022学年人教版高中英语选修六

Unit 2Poems
重要知识点讲解
词汇和结构：
1.convey v. 传达；运送
Others try to ________certain emotions. 而有些诗则是为了传达某种情感的。

(P10)
Please convey my best wishes to her. 请代我向她表示最良好的祝愿。

(朗文P413) convey ...to... 把……运到……
convey ...to sb. 向某人传达/表达(思想、感情等)
convey one's feelings 表达感情
2．transform v. 转化；转换；改造；变换
Getting that new job has completely transformed her.她得到了那份新工作以后，人全变了。

(朗文P1871)
In only 20 years the country has been transformed into an advanced industrial power. 这个国家只用了20年时间就变成了一个先进的工业强国。

(朗文P1871) transform...into 把某人/物改变成……
transform ...from 从……中转变、转化……
3. appropriate adj. 适当的；正当的
Match the beginning of each sentence with the ___________ending.
Your clothes are hardly appropriate for a job interview.
你的服装不太适合求职面试时穿。

(朗文P76)
It is appropriate that he (should) make an apology to us.
他向我们道歉是合适的。

(文馨P87)
The house is not really suitable for a large family.
这所房子确实不适合大家庭居住。

be appropriate to/for... 对……适合；适宜
It is appropriate/proper that... (should) do... ……是合适的
be suitable for/to... 适合的；适宜的
be fit for... 适合；胜任……
注意appropriate指适合于特殊的人及场合、地位等；suitable指适合某种情况
或安排；fit指大小适合或胜任某职位；appropriate 等于very proper。

4. exchange n．/v. 交换；交流；调换；兑换
If there had not been an __________programme, he would not have found a sponsor to help him study abroad.
要是没有一个交流项目的话，他就不可能找到赞助者帮助他到国外学习。

(P13) He gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.
他给我一个苹果，来换我的一块蛋糕。

(朗文P589)
I exchanged seats with Bill.
我和比尔换了座位。

(朗文P589)
exchange sth. for sth. 拿……交换……
exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物
exchange money 兑换钱币
in exchange for... 交换；调换
do an exchange 作一下交换
cultural exchange 文化交流
exchange rate/programme 汇率/ 交流项目
5．sponsor n. 赞助人；主办者；倡议者v. 发起；举办；倡议；赞助
The baseball match is being sponsored by a cigarette company.
棒球赛是由一家烟草公司赞助举行的。

(朗文P1702)
If I'm going to go and live in the US, I must get an American sponsor.
如果我去美国并在那里居住，必须有美国人作担保。

(朗文P1701)
sponsor the celebration 主办庆祝会
sponsor sb. 资助某人
sponsor a plan 倡议计划
become one's sponsor 成为某人的赞助人/担保人
6. load n. 负担；负荷物v. 装载；给……负荷
The good news has taken a load off my mind.
这好消息使我如释重负。

(文馨P1098)
Supporting her family has been a heavy load for her.
养家对她来说是很大的负担。

(文馨P1098)
take a load off one's mind 使卸下心上重负；使某人如释重负
have a load on one's mind 放心不下
carry a heavy load 负重载
loads of＝a load of 许多……
7. take it/things easy 轻松；不紧张；从容
Just take it easy and tell us what happened.
别急，告诉我们发生了什么事。

(朗文P597)
There's no need to rush back— just take your time.
不要急着赶回来，——慢慢来吧。

(朗文P2103)
take one's time 别着急，慢慢来
take sb./sth. seriously 认真对待某人/事
take...for granted 对……想当然，认为……理所当然
8. run out of 用完，用尽
The truck has run out of gas again.
卡车的油又用完了。

(朗文P1731)
Our supplies soon ran out.
我们的补给很快就耗尽了。

(朗文P1731)
run out 用完，耗尽
give out(物)用完，耗尽；(人)筋疲力尽；发出；分发；宣布
use up 用完；用光
run out＝give out是不及物短语，通常以物作主语；run out of ＝use up是及物短语，多以人作主语
9. make up of 构成，组成(用于被动)
Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is a poem made up of five lines
Women make up only 30% of the workers.
女性占劳动力的30%。

(朗文P1189)
I'm trying to make up for the time lost while I was away.
我正在设法弥补我不在期间耽误的时间。

(朗文P1189)
We didn't make it to the party in the end.
我们最终还是没能参加那个聚会。

(朗文P1187)
be made out of 由……制成；用……改造而成
make up 组成；编造；化妆
make up for 弥补……
be made of/from 由……制成
be made into 把……制成
be made in(某物)产于某地
make it 获得成功；准时到达
make out 看清；分清；辨认清楚
make the bed 整理床铺
10. try out 测试；试验
I think I will __________his way too some time.
我想将来某个时候也尝试一下他的方法。

(P15)
The idea sounds fine, but we need to try it out in practice.
这个主意听起来不错，但我们要在实践中试验一下。

(朗文P1887)
They were let out of prison last week.
他们上周从监狱里放出来了。

(朗文P1000)
I am counting on you to support me; don't let me down.
try out for... 参加竞争……
try on 试穿
try one's best 尽力
try one's luck 试试运气
try one's skill/strength 考验自己的技术/体力
let out 发出；放走；泄露；加宽；加大衣服
let in 让……进来；放进
let down 放下；使失望
let off 开(枪)；放(烟火)；释放；让某人下车
句型
1.There are various _______________people write poetry. 人们写诗有着各种各样
的理由。

(P10)
用法：...reason(s) why意为“……的原因”，why等于for which引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason。

reason后也可以接that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；that也可以引导同位语从句，说明reason的内容。

The reason why he died young was his inattention to health.
他英年早逝的原因是他不注意自己的健康。

I don't know the reason why he failed the final chemistry exam.
我不知道他期末化学考试不及格的原因。

We don't believe the reason that you gave us.
我们不相信你给我们的理由。

We are not going for the simple reason that we can't afford it.
我们不去的理由很简单，我们负担不起。

【对比】下列句型：
This is why... 这就是……的原因。

(强调结果)
This is because... 这是因为……。

(强调原因)
The rea son why...is/was that...(……的原因是……)句型中，一般用that引导表语从句，而不用because。

2.
With so many different forms of poetry to choose from students may eventually want to write poems of their own.
有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许想自己作诗了。

(P11)
用法：句中with结构表示原因，置于句首，可替换为because引导的原因状语从句，即等于“Because there are so many different forms of poetry to choose from，”，该结构中的不定式表示动作尚未发生，有时这一结构还可以表示条件。

With so much homework to do this evening, I can't go to the concert.
因为今晚有很多作业要做，我不能去参加音乐会。

With a local guide to help us, we will have no difficulty in finding the temple.
如果有一名当地的导游帮助我们，我们找到那座庙宇将不会有困难。

语法：
it用法与强调句
1. 用作形式主语，代替由不定式、动名词或各种从句所表示的真正主语。

________ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.
A．This B．That C．What D．It
【解析】it 代替后面的名词短语the way...作形式主语。

2.作形式宾语，代指不定式、动名词或从句所表示的真正宾语
He didn't make ________ clear when and where the meeting would be held.
A．this B．that C．it D．these
【解析】it代替后面的when and where从句作形式宾语。

The chairman thought ________ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
A．that B．it C．this D．him
【解析】it代替后面的不定式作形式宾语。

3. 表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词，后面接it，然后再跟从句，it代指从句所表达的内容。

此类动词有hate，dislike，enjoy，appreciate等。

I'd appreciate ________ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A．that B．it C．this D．you
【解析】it代指后面的if从句所表达的内容。

4. it用来指代上文提到的事物、情况等
Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with ________ extra stress.
A．it B．them C．one D．him
【解析】it代指being the parent of a child with special needs这一意义。

5.强调句的基本句型：It is /was ＋被强调部分＋that＋从句。

被强调部分是人时可用who/whom代替that，强调时间、地点、原因状语时，通常只使用that，而不使用when，where，why。

被强调的部分一般是主语、宾语、各种状语。

用is 还是was取决于原句谓语动词的
时态，如原句是现在或将来各种时态，用It is...that...；如原句是过去时态，则用It was ... that...。

It was along the Mississippi River________ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.
A．how B．which C．that D．where
【解析】分析句子结构看出，题干使用的是强调句型，因而使用连词that。

6. 强调句的复杂结构形式：
①强调句用于not...until结构：It is/was ＋not until...＋that ＋其他部分。

②强调句用于一般疑问句：Is/Was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。

③强调句用于特殊疑问句：被强调的通常是疑问代词或疑问副词，其强调结构是：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分？
It was not until midnight ________ they reached the camp site.
A．that B．when C．while D．as
【解析】句中强调了时间状语not until，连词使用that。