2019-2020学年通州区第三中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案解析

2019-2020学年通州区第三中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
My mother and her best friend Martha were in their mid-80s when they saw each other for the last time.
They had been friends since they were 18, both of them students atWesleyanCollegeinMacon,Georgia. My mother was the dreamy one, who loved to read and dream herself as an actress. Martha, however, was more practical. I’m not sure what they had in common except that they trusted each other, helped each other, and stayed in touch even when life separated them.
Martha spent most of her adulthood inAtlanta, where she raised three kids. My mother, meanwhile, raised eight children, and moved many times during her financially and emotionally troubled marriage, which included several months living with her family inseedymotels.
I sensed my mother hid her troubles from most people, but not from Martha, and I knew from my mother that Martha carried her own sorrows. Their willingness to share sorrow without judgment was part of what bond them.
The best friendships can also withstand (抵挡) periods without communication. They didn’t communicate a lot — this was before the ease of emails and texts and yet I knew they were always in each other’s minds.
One day in 2008, 1 drove my mother to Martha’s house for their final visit. The moment my mother hobbled (蹒跚) into Martha’s house, they threw their arms around each other and went to sit out in the garden, laughing until they were dizzy. I snapped a photo, and spotted something joyous, young and free on my mom, which existed only in the presence of her best friend.
Two years later, my mother died. Of all the people I had to tell, Martha was the hardest because I felt it erased her past. After that, we lost touch. But I still think of her and how that friendship strengthened my mother.
1. What does the underlined word “seedy” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. large
B. dirty
C. urban
D. bright
2. The author’s mother and Martha had a lasting friendship partly because they________.
A. were willing to share
B. were constantly in touch
C. had much in common
D. had a likeness in personality
3. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To tell the importance of friendship.
B. To express his gratitude to his mother.
C. To share his standard of choosing a friend.
D. To praise the friendship between Martha and his mother.
B
It was very cold and I had been watching a homeless man make himself comfortable in a “shelter” on the river bank. His “shelter” was a tarpaulin (油布)tied to rocks to keep the wind from blowing it away. He had been living there for over a month. I never saw him with warm clothing or food. I knew what I wanted to do.
When I told my parents what I wanted to do they werealarmed. They said I could be putting myself at risk, taking a box to a homeless person at night! But I knew, in my deep heart, that I would be safe.
I got a box. My parents watched as I added warm gloves, a heavy blanket ... into the box until it was full! Then, I put a Christmas card on top. It said, “Even though we hardly know each other, I want to wish you a Merry Christmas!” I put ten one-dollar bills inside it as well.
My father insisted he went there with me as it was 10 pm on Christmas Eve. I said he could drive me but he had to stay in the car. He agreed.
I took the box and walked towards his “house”. I called, “Sir, I have a Christmas box for you!”
“Go away!” he shouted.
“Sir,” I repeated.
“Go away!” he shouted.
“Why?” I asked him.
He walked over and I expected to see an angry face. Instead I saw two of the most beautiful, gentle, blue eyes I have ever seen.
“Merry Christmas!” I said.
“Why are you doing this?” he asked.
“Because you matter to me,” I said. With that I gave him the box.
Tears came to his eyes and he thanked me. I got back to the car and watched him carry the box like it was filled with gold. I didn’t want to embarrass (使困窘) him by watching him any more so Dad and I left.
4. The underlined word “alarmed” can best be replaced by _____.
A. pleased
B. worried
C. disappointed
D. surprised
5. Why did the author ask his father to stay in the car?
A. Because he wanted to prove he was brave.
B. Because he believed the homeless man was bad.
C. Because he wanted to protect his father from being hurt.
D. Because he didn’t want the homeless man to feel bad.
6. When the homeless man saw the author first, he was _____.
A. quite angry
B. very excited
C. quite puzzled
D. very curious
7. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to tell readers that _____.
A. it is easier said than done
B. poverty is the mother of health
C. where there is a will, there is a way
D. a willing helper doesnot wait until he is asked
C
About a month after I joined Facebook, I got a call from Lori Goler, a highly regarded senior director of marketing at eBay. She made it clear this was a business call. “I want to apply to work with you at Facebook,” she said. “Instead of recommending myself, I want to ask you: What is your biggest problem, and how can I solve it?”
My jaw hit the floor. I had hired thousands of people over the previous decade and no one had ever said anything remotely like that. People usually focus on finding the right role for themselves, with the implication that their skills will help the company. Lori put Facebook’s needs front and center. It was a killer approach. I responded, “Recruiting is my biggest problem. And, yes, you can solve it.”
Lori never dreamed she would work in recruiting, but she jumped in. She even agreed to trade earnings for acquiring new skills in a new field. Lori did a great job running recruiting and within months was promoted to her current job, leading People@Facebook.
The most common metaphor for careers is a ladder, but this concept no longer applies to most workers. As of 2010, the average American had eleven jobs from the ages of eighteen to forty-six alone. Lori often quotes Pattie Sellers, who came up with a much better metaphor: “Careers are a jungle gym, not a ladder.”
As Lori describes it, there’s only one way to get to the top of a ladder, but there are many ways to get to the top of a jungle gym. The jungle gym model benefits everyone, but especially women who might be starting careers, switching careers, getting blocked by external barriers, or reentering the workforce after taking time off. The
ability to create a unique path with occasional dips, detours (弯路), and even dead ends presents great views of many people, not just those at the top. On a ladder, most climbers are stuck staring at the butt of the person above.
8. Why did Lori make the call?
A. She helped Facebook to solve the biggest problem.
B. She wanted to make a business deal with Facebook.
C. She tried to ask for a pay rise in Facebook.
D. She wanted to become an employee in Facebook.
9. What impressed “I” by Lori?
A. Lori was good at running recruiting.
B. Lori attached great importance to Facebook’s needs.
C. Lori jumped in Facebook with no adequate experience.
D. Lori was skilled in marketing at eBay.
10. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Now all people don’t tend to climb the ladder.
B. None on the ladder can enjoy the great views.
C. Jungle gyms offer limited exploration for employees.
D. A pregnant woman, jobless, benefits little from the jungle gyms.
11. What is the best title of the passage?
A. It’s a Jungle Gym, Not a Ladder.
B. Facebook’s Biggest Problem.
C. Applying for a Job in Facebook.
D. A Jungle Gym is Better than a Ladder.
D
At the World Economic Forum last month, President Trump drew claps when he announced the United States would respond to the forum's proposal to plant one trillion(万亿) trees to fight climate change. The trillion-tree idea won wide attention last summer after a study published in the journal Science concluded thatplanting so many trees was “the most effective climate change solution to date”.
If only it were true. But it isn't. Planting trees would slow down the planet's warming, but the only thing that will save us and future generations from paying a huge price in dollars, lives and damage to nature is rapid and
considerable reductions in carbon release from fossil fuels, to net zero by 2050.
Focusing on trees as the big solution to climate change is a dangerous diversion(偏离). Worse still, it takes attention away from those responsible for the carbon release that are pushing us toward disaster. For example, in the Netherlands, you can pay Shell an additional 1 euro cent for each liter of regular gasoline you put in your tank, to plant trees to balance the carbon release from your driving. That's clearly no more than disaster slightly delayed. The only way to stop this planet from overheating is through political, economic, technological and social solutions that end the use of fossil fuels.
There is no way that planting trees, even across a global area the size of theUnited States, can absorb the huge amounts of fossil carbon released from industrial societies. Trees do take up carbon from the atmosphere as they grow. But this uptake merely replaces carbon lost when forests were cleared in the first place, usually long ago. Regrowing forests where they once grew can undo some damage done in the past, but even a trillion trees can't store enough carbon to head off dramatic climate changes this century.
In a sharp counter argument to last summer's Paper in Science, Justin Gillis wrote in the same journal in October that the study's findings were inconsistent with the dynamics of the global carbon cycle. He warned that “the claimthat global tree restoration(复原) is our most effective climate solution is simply scientifically incorrect and dangerously misleading”.
12. What do we know about the trillion-tree idea?
A. It was published in a journal.
B. It was proposed last summer.
C. It was put forward by Trump.
D. It drew lots of public attention.
13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. A drawback of the tree planting strategy.
B. An example of balancing carbon release.
C. An anecdote of making a purchase at Shell.
D. A responsibility for politicians and economists.
14. What was Justin Gillis's attitude towards global tree restoration?
A. Indifferent.
B. Opposed.
C. Hesitant.
D. Supportive.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Contradictory Ideas on Tree Planting.
B. A Trillion Trees Come to the Rescue.
C. Planting Trees Won't Save the World.
D. The Best Solution to Climate Change.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Do you love food? Whether you’re a foodie or someone who just likes eating, there is so much to choose from. We know that too much of the wrong kind of foodcan be bad for our health, but for some people having a food allergy means that eating certain things can actually be harmful. Such cases may seem uncommon.___16___ An allergy is caused by the immune (免疫的) system fighting substances in theenvironment.___17___It means that people have to follow strict dietary restrictions, otherwise their lives may be put at risk. Allergy specialist Dr. Adam Fox says “if you look back over, say, 30 or 40 years… there are much more serious allergic problems around now than there were.”___18___Last year a teenager died after suffering an allergic reaction from eating a piece of bread containing peanuts. This led to a call for better food-labeling laws.
Research has found that this problem is particularly affecting children.___19___Dr. Alexandra Santos from King’s College London says “food allergy now affects about 7% of children in theUKand 9% of those inAustralia, for example. AcrossEurope, 2% of adults have food allergies.”
So what might be the cause? Dr. Santos says, the increase in allergies is not simply the effect of society becoming more aware of them and better at diagnosing them.___20___She adds that possible factors are pollution, dietary changes and less exposure to bacteria, which change how our immune systems respond. She points out that it’s very common for migrants who move to another country to develop food allergies in their new location.
A. It seems to be more environmental.
B. A food allergy can affect you at any age.
C. Food allergies can cause life-threatening reactions.
D. Yet in fact, food allergies are affecting more and more of us.
E. More and more of them are having allergic reactions to certain food.
F. A lot of work is being done to try and find a cure, but that’s not easy.
G. We often hearabout people having allergies to dairy products or to nuts.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项High school students have a lot more power than they may realize.
Belscher____21____a dollar on the floor when having his English class. When the school day____22____, Belscher walked back to the classroom. He could easily have____23____it, for the wrinkled (皱巴巴的) bill was still there.____24____, he brought the old bill to his English teacher, —Mattison.
Mattison was a little____25____he’d turned; in the dollar, knowing a lot of people would have just kept it. She____26____that Belscher tape(d)it to the whiteboard, where she always puts____27____things.
A day or two later, the school shut down for Easter____28____. Neither the teacher nor her student thought twice about the dollar. After school, a boy named Tom spotted the dollar on the whiteboard. “There was a____29____to it.” Tom says. He asked Mattison why it was there. She replied, “I don’t know.” Then Tom_____30_____a second dollar.
The_____31_____of the two dollar bills side by side triggered (触发) something in Mattison’s students. They started asking about the_____32_____of the money, to which Mattison always gave the_____33_____answer: She didn’t know.
However, the students, among themselves, decided and understood Mattison had some good_____34_____final plan and goal. So, they wanted to be part of whatever this was. They_____35_____their savings and the amount continue to grow. As for the_____36_____dollar, the person who lost it never came looking.
That left Mattison to make the best decision. She thought of her brother-in-law, Jack Hains, who had died of ALS, a_____37_____and deadly disease. His sister died of the same_____38_____. Mattison asked the teens whether they_____39_____if they donated (捐赠) the money. Their answer was that they definitely didn’t. Then, they_____40_____peeled (剥开) the cash off the board and made the donation to the ALS Institute established to find a cure for the disease.
21. A. hid B. lost C. noticed D. dropped
22. A. started B. ended C. arrived D. passed
23. A. discovered B. ignored C. pocketed D. accepted
24. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Instead D. Meanwhile
25. A. excited B. surprised C. frightened D. interested
26. A. realized B. commanded C. recognized D. suggested
27. A. lost B. required C. selected D. damaged
28. A. break B. dinner C. meeting D. activity
29. A. signal B. response C. key D. mystery
30. A. earned B. taped C. missed D. recovered
31. A. sight B. discussion C. idea D. story
32. A. owner B. total C. power D. purpose
33. A. same B. brief C. secure D. different
34. A. unknown B. unchanged C. unspoken D. unexplored
35. A. added to B. broke up C. watched over D. dug into
36. A. former B. important C. valuable D. old
37. A. born B. rare C. common D. mild
38. A. operation B. treatment C. accident D. condition
39. A. wondered B. minded C. agreed D. regretted
40. A. sadly B. calmly C. carefully D. skillfully
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Without the usual smoggy days, local___41.___(resident) have been happy with the air quality since the heating season started. They open the window to air their homes. In social media, pictures of blue skies and white clouds_____42._____(frequent) appear,___43.___(show) people's excitement with the clear days.
In Shanxi,___44.___major coal production province, burning coarse coal(粗煤)for heating used to be a main source of air___45.___(pollute). The government has been striving to change all this. It has launched a campaign to replace coarse coal___46.___clean fuels for heating since 2017.
More than 38 percent of the heating companies-in Shanxi had applied advanced equipment with higher efficiency and___47.___(low) emissions (排放)by the end of 2019,____48.____(compare) with 25.5 percent at the end of20l7. It___49.___(estimate) that the number can reach 50 percent by the end of this year,_____50._____is the goal of the government.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

My sister got married with Tom three years ago, and now their kid is one year old. Last week, my sister was such busy that she asked me to take a care of her child for half a day. I agreed without hesitation because I thought it was a very simply thing. And it turned out to be wrong, for my nephew was always moving. My nephew too young to walk, so he crawled everywhere. He needed to pay more attentions. Once he left my sight, something bad will happen. Although I sat on the chair, I couldn't do anything, thus make me very tired. When my sister came back, I got free finally.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Thana was a postman. His service range covered Vinayak Mudali street and its four nearby roads. It took him nearly six hours to cover the area. That was because he tried to be friendly with peopleforwhom he brought letters. He used to take personal interest in their lives and problems. He would comfort one, offer help to another and give hope to the third. On hot days, he would enjoy buttermilk at someone’s house. He had thus become a part of their life. Everybody liked him.
Thana was most friendly with Raman, a senior clerk in the bank office. Raman had a 23-year- old daughter named Kama, who was a tall, beautiful young lady. These days, Raman was worrying about her marriage and told Thana that his father, whose health was failing, was anxious to see his granddaughter get married soon. The old man, living in another city, had set apart five thousand rupees for her marriage. The old man blamed that Raman was not making enough efforts for his daughter's marriage. Thana comforted Raman and offered to contact the parents of a young man who lived in Delhi. They quickly arranged a blind date for Kama and the young man, who fell in love at the first sight.
Everything went smoothly. At last their wedding day came on May 20th. The wedding party was full of sweet smell of flowers and wines. Everyone in the neighbourhood came. Raman, in high spirits, talked with guests and laughed all the time. The pity was that grandpa didn't show up because of his worsening health. Thana went to the wedding and brought Raman several letters of congratulation. Thana congratulated the young couple, calling them a perfect match. The young couple smiled happily and thanked him for his help and warm-heartedness.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Para 1:
The following day, Thana brought a telegram far Raman that informed him of his beloved father's death.
Para 2:
When Raman took a second look at the telegram, he started shouting at Thana, “Why? Look at the date, May 20th. It was a delay.”
参考答案
1. B
2. A
3. D
4. B
5. D
6. A
7. D
8. D 9. B 10. A 11. A
12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B
16. D 17. C 18. G 19. E 20. A
21. C 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32.
D 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. C
41. residents
42. frequently
43. showing
44. a 45. pollution
46. with 47. lower
48. compared
49. is estimated
50. which
51.(1). with→to (2). such→so (3). 删除a (4). simply→simple (5). And→But或Yet (6). too前加was (7). He→I (8). attentions→attention (9). will→would或might或could (10). make→making.
52.略。