04语法填空短文填空-三年(2021-2023)中考英语真题分项汇编

专题04
短文填空
一、短文填空（广东省试题）
1.（2023·广东中考真题）
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。

注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。

请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。

There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put ____41____ in the bathroom. Without it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess ____42____ it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history?
According to some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people ____43____ their teeth with some small tree branches (树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo. It might ____44____ the world’s earliest form of toothbrushes. As time went ____45____, the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people chose horsetail hair instead of pig hair ____46____ pig hair was too hard. Imagine that you travel back to ____47____ of years ago and brush your teeth fortably. It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it?
Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became ____48____ among local people soon. The ____49____ of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of papermaking, but it was very useful in daily life. Today we have a good ____50____ of brushing teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it.
【答案】41. it 42. what 43. cleaned 44. be 45. by 46. because
47. hundreds 48. popular 49. invention 50. habit
【解析】本文介绍了牙刷的历史和功能。

41.句意：我们通常把它放在浴室里。

指代前文“a small thing”，需用代词it。

故填it。

42.句意：你能猜出它是什么吗？根据“Can you guess...it is?”可知是询问猜出它是什么。

what“什么”。

故填what。

43.句意：根据一些研究，在牙刷出现之前，中国古人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。

根据“before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people...their teeth...”可知没有牙刷，古人会用树枝清洁牙齿。

clean the teeth表示
“清理牙齿”；句子是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。

故填cleaned。

44.句意：这可能是世界上最早的牙刷。

此处是系表结构，情态动词might后跟be动词原形。

故填be。

45.句意：随着时间的推移，牙刷的形状也发生了变化。

As time went by“随着时间的流逝”。

故填by。

46.句意：例如，人们选择马尾毛而不是猪毛，因为猪毛太硬了。

前后句之间是因果关系，前果后因，用because 表示“因为”。

故填because。

47.句意：想象一下，你回到几百年前，舒舒服服地刷牙。

根据“About 800 years ago”可知此处是hundreds of 短语，表示“数以百计的”。

故填hundreds。

48.句意：它开始流行起来。

根据“It became...among local people soon.”可知空处需填入形容词作表语，popular“受欢迎的”符合语境。

故填popular。

49.句意：牙刷的发明不像造纸术那样出名，但在日常生活中非常有用。

根据“The...of toothbrushes”可知是指牙刷的发明。

invention“发明”。

故填invention。

50.句意：今天我们养成了刷牙的好习惯。

根据“Today we have a good...of brushing teeth.”可知刷牙是好习惯。

have a good habit of“有一个……好习惯”。

故填habit。

2.（2022·广东中考真题）
请阅读下面短文，在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。

Would you like to start your day with a cup of tea? If the answer is ____66____, you may have the same habit as many people.
You may not know ____67____ popular tea is. Among all kinds of drinks, tea is one of the two choices. People like it because it is ____68____ for their health.
Tea is mostly produced ____69____ Asian countries like China and India. Chinese people started to drink tea as early as 5,000 years ____70____. At that time, people made tea in a simple way just put fresh tea leaves into hot
____71____.
Tea wasn’t introduced into Europe until the early 17th century. And now it has ____72____ popular in Europe and America. People there like to ____73____ tea with sugar or milk in it. As the population of tea drinkers gets larger, tea business is getting ____74____ important than before.
The first International Tea Day was on May 21st, 2020. Since then, people have celebrated ____75____ every year. The Day makes people realize the importance of tea workers and....
【答案】66. yes 67. how 68. good 69. in 70. ago 71. water 72. bee
73. drink 74. more 75. it
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍茶文化的发展和变化。

66.句意：如果答案是肯定的，你可能和很多人有相同的习惯。

根据“Would you like to start your day with a cup of tea?”和“you may have the same habit as many people”可知，肯定回答用yes，表示有饮茶习惯，故填yes。

67.句意：你可能不知道茶有多受欢迎。

此处强调的中心词是形容词“popular”，用how，故填how。

68.句意：人们喜欢它，因为它对他们的健康有益。

根据“People like it because it is...for their health.”可知，喝茶对健康有益，be good for“对……有好处”，故填good。

69句意：茶叶主要产自中国和印度等亚洲国家。

根据“Tea is mostly n countries like China and India.”可知，用在国家前，用介词in，故填in。

70.句意：中国人早在5000年前就开始喝茶了。

根据“Chinese people started to drink tea as early as 5,000 years...”和常识可知，中国人早在5000年前就开始喝茶了，ago“之前”符合语境，故填ago。

71.句意：那时候，人们泡茶的方法很简单，就是把新鲜的茶叶放进热水里。

根据“people made tea in a simple way just put fresh tea leaves into hot...”可知，用热水泡茶，water“水”符合语境，故填water。

72.句意：现在它已经在欧洲和美国流行了。

根据“And now it has...popular in Europe and America.”可知，茶现在在欧洲和美国流行了，bee“变得”符合语境，用于现在完成时结构中，故填bee。

73.句意：那里的人喜欢喝茶加糖或牛奶。

根据“People there like to...tea with sugar or milk in it.”可知，喜欢喝茶的时候加糖或牛奶，drink“喝”，like to do sth“喜欢做某事”，故填drink。

74.句意：随着饮茶人群的增加，茶叶生意变得比以前更加重要。

根据“than before”可知，此处使用比较级，more important“更重要的”，故填more。

75.句意：从那时起，人们每年都庆祝这一天。

此处指“International Tea Day”，用it代替，在句中作宾语，故填it。

3.（2021·广东中考真题）
请阅读下面短文，在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。

Many foreigners move to China because of a strong interest in its culture. One man has turned his interest into love and this love made ____36____ write many books about China. He is William, an American who has lived in China ____37____ 33 years, his Chinese name is Pan Weilian. His Chinese friends ____38____ him “Lao Pan”.
In 1988, Lao Pan first came to China and ____39____ as a teacher at a university. But Lao Pan did not begin to understand China ____40____ he and his family took a 3month drive around the county. These experiences in China gave him ideas for his books. Since then, he has ____41____ thirteen books about China. These books give the world a fuller picture of China and Lao Pan is ____42____ of what he is doing.
Lao Pan’s new book includes his fortyseven ____43____ to his family back in America. The letters show China’s development in different periods. Lao pan often says he loves China ____44____ its people so much. He sees it as a lifelong task to let more westerners know ______45______ China is like. He will continue telling the nation’s stories to the world.
【答案】36. him 37. for 38. call 39. worked 40. until 41. written 42. proud 43. letters
44. and 45. what
二、短文填词（广州试题）
4.（2023·广州中考真题）
Today is Duanwu Jie ，or Dragon Boat Festival, one of the most important festivals in China. Chinese people r____46____ the great patriotic poet (爱国诗人) Qu Yuan by rowing dragon boats and making zongzi on this day.
My village is famous for its great protection of traditional c____47____ and we have the best dragon boat race team of the city. Every year, villagers raise our dragon boats from under the river about a month before the festival. And then it is c____48____ cleaned and repainted. Our dragon boat is already 40 years old. Made of a special kind of wood, it is still strong enough to l____49____ for a long time.
This year, my elder brother is accept ed into our dragon boat race team as its youngest member. He’s only 18, and I’m so p____50____ of him.
【答案】46. (r)emember 47. (c)ulture##(c)ustoms 48. (c)arefully##(c)ompletely##(c)autiously
49. (l)ast 50. (p)roud
【解析】本文主要介绍了端午节的庆祝活动以及作者村庄每年都会赛龙舟。

46.句意：中国人民在这一天划龙舟、包粽子，纪念伟大的爱国诗人屈原。

根据“great patriotic poet (爱国诗人) QuYuan by rowing dragon boats and making zongzi on this day.”可知是指人们通过这些方式纪念屈原，remember“纪念”，是动词，此处是描述事实，应用一般现在时，主语是people，动词用原形，故填(r)emember。

47.句意：我的村庄以其对传统文化/习俗/仪式的保护而闻名，我们有全市最好的龙舟队。

根据“My village is famous for its great protection of traditional”和首字母可知，此处可以指传统文化也可以指传统习俗。

culture“文化”，此处是不可数名词；custom“习俗”，此处名词用复数。

故填(c)ulture/(c)ustoms。

48.句意：然后仔细/彻底/小心地清洗并重新粉刷。

根据“Every year, villagers raise our dragon boats from under the river about a month before the festival.”可知每年端午节前一个月左右，村民们就会把龙舟从河底升起，结合首字母可知，然后应该要仔细/彻底/小心地清洗并重新粉刷。

carefully“仔细地”，pletely“完全地”，cautiously“小心地”，副词修饰动词。

故填(c)arefully/(c)ompletely/(c)autiously。

49.句意：它由一种特殊的木材制成，仍然足够坚固，可以使用很长时间。

根据“Made of a special kind of wood”可知龙舟是由一种特殊的木材制成，很坚固，可以持续使用很长时间。

last“持续”，动词，空前有不定式符号，动词用原形，故填(l)ast。

50.句意：他才18岁，我为他感到骄傲。

根据“This year, my elder brother is accepted into our dragon boat race team as its youngest member”结合首字母可知，此处是固定短语be proud of“为……感到自豪”，故填(p)roud。

5.（2022·广州中考真题）
Dunbuang is a historic city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an important c ___46___ of trade. As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway to the world. Here, different c ultures met and influenced each other. People from f ___47___ countries did business and municated with the local people.
If you v ___48___ Dunhuang, you will be able to see the Mogao Caves（莫高窟）. If you walk i ___49___ , you will discover some of the wonderful artworks. There are over 45,000 square metres of beautiful paintings on the cave walls, as well as thousands of statues.
Over the years, China has made great efforts to protect the Mogao Caves. Today, you can also find highquality photos of the artworks on the Internet. People all over the world now have a c ___50___to see Dunhuang’s treasures online.
【答案】46. (c)entre##(c)enter 47. (f)oreign 48. (v)isit 49. (i)nside 50. (c)hance
【解析】本文讲述敦煌在古代是贸易中心，讲述在敦煌可以看到莫高窟和很多艺术作品，讲述现在人们可以在网上看到敦煌的财宝。

46.句意：在古代，敦煌是一个重要的贸易中心。

根据“an”可知用单数名词作表语。

根据“As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway to the world”及首字母提示，可知，句子讲述敦煌古代是贸易中心，用名词“center”或“centre”。

故填(c)entre/(c)enter。

47.句意：外国的人和当地的人经商和交流。

名词“countries”前用形容词修饰，根据“different cultures”及首字母提示，可知句子表达外国的人，用形容词“foreign”。

故填(f)oreign。

48.句意：如果你参观敦煌，你能看到莫高窟。

这是“if”引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时表示将来。

根据“you will be able to see the Mogao Caves”及首字母提示，可知句子表达参观敦煌，主语是“you”，动词用“visit”。

故填(v)isit。

49.句意：如果你走进去，你会发现一些完美的艺术作品。

动词“walk”用副词修饰，根据“discover some of the wonderful artworks”及首字母提示，可知句子表达走进去，用“walk inside”。

故填(i)nside。

50.句意：全世界的人现在有机会在网上看到敦煌的财宝。

动词“have”后缺宾语，根据“a”可知是单数名词。

根据“to see Dunhuang’s treasures online” 及首字母提示，可知句子表达有机会，用“have a chance to do”。

故填(c)hance。

6.（2021·广州中考真题）
Yuan Longping (19302021) is known as the father of hybrid rice (杂交水稻). Seeing people die of hunger when he was young, Yuan decided to find a way to i____46____rice production and fill people’s bowls. In 1973, he finally developed the first hybrid rice. Yuan he lped China work a great wonder feeding nearly onefifth of the world’s population with l____47____than 9% of the world’s total farmland. He not only made a big difference to the lives of the C____48____ people, but also many in other countries. To this day, hybrid rice has been grown in over 40 countries.
“I have two d____49____. One is to enjoy the cool under the tall rice, and the other is to grow hybrid rice across the world,” Yuan said. And he worked till the e____50____ of his life to make them e true.
【答案】46. (i)mprove 47. (l)ess 48. (C)hinese 49. (d)reams 50. (e)nd
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述的是袁隆平研究杂交水稻的事迹。

46.句意：当袁隆平年轻的时候，他看到人死于饥饿，于是他决定找到一种提高水稻产量和装满人的饭碗的方法。

根据“find a way to”可知用动词不定式作后置定语，根据“rice production and fill people’s bowls ”及“developed the first hybrid rice”可知表达提高水稻产量，根据首字母提示可知用动词“improve”。

故填
(i)mprove。

47.句意：袁隆平帮助中国实现了一个奇迹，用世界上少于9%的农田养活世界差不多五分之一的人口。

根据“than”可知是比较级，根据“9% of the world’s total farmland”及首字母提示可知表达的是“少于”，用比较级形式“less”。

故填(l)ess。

48.句意：他不仅影响了中国人生活，也影响了其他国家的很多人。

根据“in other countries”及首字母提示可知表达的是“中国人”，用形容词“Chinese”。

故填(C)hinese。

49.句意：我有两个梦想。

动词“have”后面缺宾语，根据“two”可知是复数名词，根据后文“One is to enjoy the cool under the tall rice, and the other is to grow hybrid rice across the world”一是在高高的稻穗下享受凉意，二是在全世界种植杂交水稻，可知表达的是他的梦想，用复数名词“dreams”。

故填(d)reams。

50.句意：而且他为了让梦想成真而一直工作到生命的终结。

定冠词“the”后面接名词，根据“he worked till the”及首字母提示可知表达“直到生命的终结”，用“till the end”。

故填(e)nd。

三、语法填词
7.（2022·深圳中考真题）
Surrounded(环绕) by mountains and snow, Chinese pian ist Lang Lang played “Loving Dream”, “Jasmine Flower” and “Goldberg V ariations” at the highest railway station in central Switzerland. The show was ___36___(warm) weled by the audience. What he did helped ___37___ the cultural exchanges between China and Europe by means of music.
Lang Lang is one of the leading ___38___ (musician) in the classical music world. Though he put on thousands of shows worldwide, this was his first time to play ___39___ piano at the top of a snowy mountain. The low temperature. ___40___ (make) it quite challenging for him. However, playing in a “fairytalelike” environment was a very special experience, according to Lang Lang,
“The piece ‘Jasmine Flower’ ___41___ (choose) specially for this show,”Lang Lang said,”I played this beautiful piece from my own culture, hoping ___42___(draw) the audience’s interest in learning more about China through the beauty of Chinese music.”
Before Lang Lang played the ___43___(three) piece, his fingers became a little cold, ___44___ he showed no fear of the heavy snow and the thin air.” I hope we will do more cultural exchanges in the future so as to understand each other better and build a ____45____(close) relationship between the two countries than before,” added Lang Lang.
【答案】36. warmly 37 with 38. musicians 39. the 40. made
41. was chosen 42. to draw 43. third 44. but##yet 45. closer
【解析】本文主要讲述了朗朗为中欧之间的文化交流进行了表演。

36.句意：演出受到观众的热烈欢迎。

根据“weled”可知，副词修饰动词，warmly符合句意，故填warmly。

37.句意：他所做的一切都有助于通过音乐促进中欧之间的文化交流。

根据“helped”可知，help with sth“在某方面帮助……”，故填with。

38.句意：郎朗是古典音乐界主要音乐家之一。

根据“one of”可知，需要名词复数，故填musicians。

39.句意：虽然他在世界各地举办了数千场演出，但这是他第一次在雪山之巅弹钢琴。

play the piano“弹钢琴”，故填the。

40.句意：低温对他来说很有挑战性。

根据“However, playing in a “fairytalelike” environment was a very special experience, according to Lang Lang,”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，made符合句意，故填made。

41.句意：《茉莉花》是专门为这次展览挑选的。

根据“The piece”可知，与谓语动词choose是被动关系，因此是含有一般过去时的被动语态，was chosen符合句意，故填was chosen。

42.句意：我演奏了这首来自我自己文化的优美曲子，希望通过中国音乐的美来吸引听众更多地了解中国。

hope to do“希望做某事”，故填to draw。

43.句意：在朗朗演奏第三首之前，他的手指有点冷，但他并不害怕大雪和稀薄的空气。

根据“piece”和全文内容可知，弹奏第三首曲子，需要序数词，故填third。

44.句意：在朗朗演奏第三首之前，他的手指有点冷，但他并不害怕大雪和稀薄的空气。

根据“he showed no fear of the heavy snow and the thin air.”可知，与前文构成转折，but/yet符合句意，故填but/yet。

45.句意：我希望我们今后能进行更多的文化交流，以便更好地相互了解，使两国关系比以前更加密切。

根据“than before”可知，需要比较级，closer符合句意，故填closer。

8.（2021·深圳中考真题）
In an old building in Peking University, a yellow light shone into the old and dark hours of the night. The famous translator Xu Yuanchong ____36____ (sit) behind the window and staring at the puter screen. He enjoyed working by ____37____(he) from 10:00 p. m. to 4:00 a. m. For him, the quiet night was a ____38____(value) time to focus on translation. He was exploring how ____39____(spread) Chinese culture abroad by translating Chinese beauty into Western beauty.
Xu was born into a literary family in Nanchang ____40____April 18th, 1921. When he was little, he
____41____(influence) by his mother who was interested in literature. Xu began to translate Chinese poetry into both English and ____42____(France) . when he was still a teenager. He soon learned that Chinese and European languages were very different. Only about half of the words in these languages could be translated wordforword. This is why translators should have ____43____ creative mind. They are always trying to improve their translations to make sure they are correct and beautiful.
Xu's motto is: Good, better; best. Never let it rest. Until your good is better;you’re your better best.
____44____Xu was widely considered to be the best, he never stopped trying to bee better.
The more you learn and the _____45_____(hard) you study, the better you will bee. There is always room for improvement.
【答案】36. was sitting 37. himself 38. valuable 39. to spread 40. on 41. was influenced 42. French 43. a 44. Although/ Though 45. harder
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述许渊冲的生平，他的日常生活和翻译心得。

36.句意：著名的翻译家许渊冲正坐在窗后认真看着电脑屏幕。

句子讲述的是过去的事情。

根据“and staring”可知是过去进行时，主语是单数，谓语动词用“was sitting”。

故填was sitting。

37.句意：他喜欢从下午十点独自工作到凌晨四点。

句子用“by oneself”表示“独自”，主语是“he”可知用反身代词“himself”。

故填himself。

38.句意：对于他来说，安静的夜晚是一个宝贵的时间可以关注在翻译上。

名词“time”前用形容词修饰，表示“宝贵的”用形容词“valuable”作定语。

故填valuable。

39.句意：他正在探索怎样通过翻译中文成英文，把中国的文化扩散到国外。

句子用“疑问词+动词不定式”，表示“怎样扩散”用“to spread”。

故填to spread。

40.句意：许渊冲于1921年4月18日出生于南昌的一个书香门第。

根据“April 18th, 1921”可知表示具体的某一天，用介词“on”。

故填on。

41.句意：当他小的时候，他受他的母亲影响，他的母亲对文化很兴趣。

根据“was”可知是一般过去时，根据“by”可知主语和动词之间是被动关系，主语是单数，谓语动词用“was influenced“。

故填was influenced。

42.句意：当许渊冲还是一个青少年的时候，他开始把中国的诗歌翻译成英语和法语。

根据“ both English and “可知用表示语言的名词形成并列。

表示“法语”用名词“French”。

故填French。

43.句意：这是为什么翻译者应该有一个创造性的头脑。

名词“mind”表示“头脑”是可数名词，“creative”是辅音音素开始的单词，用不定冠词”a”。

故填a。

44.句意：尽管许渊冲被大家认为是最好的，他从没停止尝试变得更好。

根据“Xu was widely considered to be the best, he never stopped trying to bee better.”可知前后是转折关系，用连词“though”或“although”表示“尽管”。

故填Although/ Though。

45.句意：你学得越多，学得越努力，你会变得越好。

句子是“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。

根据“and”可知用“the+副词的比较级”与“The more ”并列。

“hard”的比较级形式是“harder”。

故填harder。