【英语国家概况】102UK-2Whoarethebritish（done）[兼容模式]

【英语国家概况】102UK-2Whoarethebritish（done）[兼容模式]
Lecture 2 People and
Language
The United Kingdom of
Great Britain and
Northern Ireland
English Speaking Countries
——
1. Who Are the British ?
Q3. Give 3‐4 examples to show that the Romans had Great influence on the English culture?
Q1. Who are the earliest inhabits
of Britain of whom the English
people have written records, and
where did these records come
from?
Q2. What is a traditionally typical
Englishman thought to be like?
Why is it not easy to talk about a
typical
Englishman?
Although the United Kingdom covers only a small area of the earth's surface , it represents people of many
different origins and cultures. Yet all of them are British.
the United Kingdom: 联合王国，中
英⽂简称分别英国和UK，全名为
⼤不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国“
(the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and the Northern Ireland)。

联合王国由英格兰、苏格兰、威
尔⼠及北爱尔兰四部分组成，全国
⾯积为244 ，000平⽅公⾥。

Indeed, it would be difficult to find anyone in modern Britain who could say with certainty that his ancestors had not come to the British Isles from somewhere else.
Who , then , are today's Britons and what kind of people are they?
the British Isles: 不列颠群
岛，包括⼤不列颠和爱尔
兰两个主要岛屿以及许多
⼩岛。

Britons: 不列颠⼈，6世
纪以前居住在不列颠的民
族，现在是英国⼈的统称。

The history of human habitation and settlement in Britain goes back to the Stone Age hunters and
gatherers(⽯器时代的游猎者及游牧寻⾷者)who arrived from the European continent about 10 000 years ago. the Stone Age hunters
and gatherers:
这⾥是指介于新旧⽯
器时代之间的中⽯器
时代的⼈类.
The Neolithic peoples ?The Neolithic peoples who followed them were settled agriculturalists
who kept domestic animals and
knew how to make simple pottery.
The Neolithic Peoples: 新⽯器时代(约
公元前8000-3500) 的⼈类，以定居农牧
业为主要特征。

⽽旧⽯器时代（the Paleolithic Period ，
约公元前2,000,000--10,000) 的⼈类，以
使⽤姥⽯、⽯块与⾻器为⼯具及游猎、
捕鱼、寻找植物⾷品为主要特征。

中⽯器时代(the Mesolithic Period ，约
公元前10,000—8,000) 的⼈类以向定居
过渡和使⽤细⽯器⼯具为主要特征。

The Bronze Age?Around 2000 BC these Stone
Age people started to erect
huge monuments , or
henges, of giant rock slabs ,
possibly for religious purposes.
Work on the henges continued
intermittently into the Bronze Age
(the Bronze Age: 青铜时代是继新⽯器
时代后⼈类第⼀次使⽤⾦属的时
期。

) , until about 1500 BC.
Stonehenge: 建于新⽯器时
代晚期和青铜
器时代早期(公
元前2500‐‐‐
1500) 的圆形⽯
林，可能是作
为膜拜之⽤。

The most imposing and mysterious of these ancient monuments is Stonehenge , on windswept
Salisbury plain
in southwest England.
A. The Celtic culture By the end of the Bronze Age , around 700 BC , Celtic peoples had arrived from north-western Europe bringing with them a revolutionary new skill :
iron-working .
Celts continued to come and settle in Britain for about
500 years and , by the time the Romans first landed in 55
BC, the Celtic culture was well established.Celtic peoples : 凯尔特
语诸民族，欧洲古代印欧语
系中的⼀个分⽀，包括爱尔兰⼈、苏格兰⼈及威尔⼠⼈的祖先。

Romans first landed in 55 BC : 公元前55年，罗马军队在恺撒Caesar 率领下⾸次在英格兰登陆，但不久就离去，直到公元43年，罗马帝国才最后征服英国。

I will,
I see,
I conquer
B. Roman Britain
The earliest written records of Britain's inhabitants come from the Romans who eventually conquered the various Celtic kingdoms then flourishing in England , Wales and the Scottish Lowlands.
C. Angles, Saxons, and Jutes。