最新八年级英语上册语法填空试题分类汇编

最新八年级英语上册语法填空试题分类汇编
一、八年级英语上册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

Summer was coming and it was getting hotter. Mrs, King got ________early one morning and went to the market after she ________ （have） breakfast. She knew that everything was cheap there before eight o'clock. She wanted to buy many ________ （vegetable）for her family. Suddenly she saw there were a ________ of people around a farmer. She hurried there and found that he was selling some beef.
"How ________ does it cost? "a woman asked.
"Two dollars a kilo."
"Oh, how cheap it is!"Mrs. King said to herself. "John ________ （like） beef very much. I'd better buy some here,"
When she got ________ with five kilos of beef, her son was happy but her husband got angry. "What a silly woman!" said Mr. King.↑"How shall we keep it fresh in such hot weather?"
"Your aunt is very rich," said Mrs. King. "Why not go and borrow some money________ her? Then we'll be able to buy a fridge."
Mr. King agreed and they began to teach their five year-old son what ________（say） when they were at his aunt's house.
"John," Mr. King said, "how can we keep the beef fresh?"
"That's easy," the boy said________ （happy）. "By eating it!"
【答案】up；had；vegetables；group/ lot/ number；much；likes；home；from；to say；happily
【解析】【分析】主要讲了金夫人吃过早饭去市场买蔬菜，发现一个农民正在卖便宜牛肉，于是买了一些，金先生想从姑姑那接钱买冰箱来保存牛肉，John说可以通过吃了牛肉来保存。

（1）句意：一天早上金夫人起得早。

get op起床，固定搭配，故填up。

（2）句意：在她吃了早饭后金夫人去了市场。

时态是一般过去时，所以have用had，故填had。

（3）句意：她想为她的家人买许多蔬菜。

vegetable蔬菜，可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数，所以用复数vegetables。

（4）句意：突然，她看见在一个农民附近有一群/许多人。

a group of一群......，a lot/number of许多......，固定搭配，故填group/ lot/ number。

（5）句意：它多少钱？提问价格用how much，故填much。

（6）句意：John非常喜欢牛肉。

时态是一般现在时，主语是单数John，所以buy用单三式buys，故填buys。

（7）句意：当她带着5千克牛肉回家时，她的儿子是高兴的，但是她的丈夫是生气的。

get home到家，固定搭配，故填home。

（8）句意：为什么不去从她那借一些钱呢？borrow...from从……借……，固定搭配，故填
from。

（9）句意：金先生同意了，他们开始教他们5岁的儿子当在姑姑家时说什么。

特殊疑问词+to do不定式，固定搭配，故填to say。

（10）句意：男孩高兴地说。

副词修饰实义动词，said是实义动词，所以用形容词happy 的副词happily，高兴地，故填happily。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。

注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。

注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式
When receiving an order from Amazon, most people throw away the packaging （包装材料）box, but one________（Japan）man loves Amazon boxes so much________he has spent the last 9 years collecting them.
So what made a man take ________ collecting boxes as a hobby? For Kosuke Saito, it________ （be）some numbers. It started one day in 2008. When Saito was opening________Amazon box, he noticed（注意到）the serial number"XM06" ________ the box. He suddenly remembered seeing "MX08" on another Amazon box. He thought there must be an XM07 as well. He wanted________ （know）what that box was like. But it was only the________（begin）, because he soon found that Amazon boxes come in all________（shape） and sizes, and he took a great interest in all of them. So far, Kosuke Saito has collected 77 different models used in Japan.
However, one of ________（great） problems is that Saito's house is too small, so he has to rent（租用） a room for his collection.
【答案】 Japanese；that；up；was；the
；on；to know；beginning；shapes；the greatest
【解析】【分析】本文讲述一个日本人以收集盒子为爱好的原因。

（1）句意：但是一位日本人很热爱亚马逊盒子。

形容词修饰名词，Japan的形容词是Japanese，故填Japanese。

（2）句意：但是一位日本人如此很喜欢收集亚马逊盒子以至于他花了九年的时间收集它们。

so…that，如此……以至于，固定搭配，故填that。

（3）句意：因此什么使一个男人从事以收集盒子为爱好呢？take up从事，固定搭配，故填up。

（4）句意：它是一些数字。

根据语境，可知用一般过去时，主语是it，be动词用was，故填was。

（5）句意：当赛托打开亚马逊盒子时，他注意到了盒子上有一串数字“XM06”。

前面提及过亚马逊盒子，再次提及，要用定冠词the，故填the。

（6）句意：当赛托打开亚马逊盒子时，他注意到了盒子上有一串数字“XM06”。

根据When Saito was opening
和he noticed（注意到）the serial number"XM06" 可知数字在盒子的上面，因此用on，在……上，故填on。

（7）句意：他想知道那个盒子是什么样的。

want to do sth想做某事，因此用不定式，故填to know。

（8）句意：但是它只是仅仅是开始。

the后接名词，begin的名词是beginning，故填beginning。

（9）句意：因为他不久发现亚马逊盒子以各种各样的形状和大小出现。

all后接名词复数，shape的复数是shapes，形状，故填shapes。

（10）句意：然而，其中最好的一个问题是赛托的房子太小。

one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，固定搭配，great的最高级是greatest。

故填the greatest。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

3．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（最多三个字单词）。

One day, lily father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus（马戏团）. Finally, there was only________family between the ticket office and us. There were eight children in the family. All of the children, ________（old）child is only 12. Their clothes were not expensive but clean. The children talked________ （happy）.
The ticket lady asked how many________（ticket）the father wanted, he proudly answered, "Please let me buy eight children's and two adults'. "The lady________（tell）him the price. There was no longer a smile on his face. He didn't have enough money. But________could he tell his kills the bad news?
My dad took a $20 note from his pocket and dropped it________the ground. He said, "Excuse me, sir, this________（fall）out of your pocket. "The man picked tip the money, looked straight into my ________（father）eyes and replied in tears, "Thank you. This really means a lot to________（I） and my family. "
【答案】 a；the oldest/the eldest；happily；tickets；told；how；on；fell；father's；me 【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者的爸爸是怎样帮助一个贫穷的家庭买到票的。

（1）句意：在买票中心和我们之间仅仅有一家。

family是可数名词单数，以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。

（2）句意：最大的孩子仅仅12岁。

all表明数量是三者以上，所以用最高级，old的最高级是the oldest/the eldest，故填the oldest/the eldest。

（3）句意：孩子们愉快地交谈。

副词修饰实义动词，talked是实义动词，所以用happy的副词happily，故填happily。

（4）句意：女售票员问那个父亲想要多少票。

how many后面用可数名词复数，ticket的复数是tickets，故填tickets。

（5）句意：女士告诉他票价。

时态是一般过去时，tell的过去式是told，故填told。

（6）句意：但是他怎样告诉他的孩子们这个坏消息呢》根据句意可知是怎样告诉，所以用how，故填how。

（7）句意：把它掉在地上。

on the ground在地上，故填on。

（8）句意：这个从你的口袋里掉出来的。

时态是一般过去时，所以fall用过去式fell，故填fell。

（9）句意：直直地看着我爸爸的眼睛。

father和eyes都是名词，所以第一个用名词所有格，即father's，故填father's。

（10）句意：这真地对于我来说意义重大。

to是介词，后面用宾格。

I的宾格是me，故填me。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。

注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。

4．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词，或用括号中单词的正确形式填空。

When Esther left school at the age of sixteen, her aunt Flory gave her 500 dollars. Most of Esther's friends decided to go to college, ________, Esther used the money to start business（生意）. She bought fruits, ________（sugar） and some jars（罐子） and began making the jam. She sold the jam for 5 dollars a jar ________ her friends and soon she got 1000 dollars.
At first, her parents didn't want Esther to spend her time making jam. They thought that she should get further education. And they ________（hope） that one day she would be a teacher ________ a doctor.
But Esther had ________ own idea. She kept on making jam. After a few months, she started ________（sell） it to supermarkets. Then she began to make orange juice and sold it to some schools. It sold very ________（good）. Two years later, he business got very large. She was so busy that she had to make someone ________（work）for her. When her parents saw she became ________（success）, they changed their mind. They thought their daughter did a right thing to do.
【答案】 However
；sugar；to；hoped；or；to sell
；her
；well
；work
；successful
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Esther是怎样成功的。

（1）句意：然而，Esther用钱做生意。

根据Most of Esther's friends decided to go to college 可知大部分朋友决定去上大学，而Esther决定做生意，所以前后表示转折，所以用however，故填However。

（2）句意：她买了水果、糖和一些罐子。

sugar是不可数名词，所以用sugar，故填sugar。

（3）句意：她把果酱一罐子5美元卖给她的朋友。

sell sth. to sb.把某物卖给某人，故填to。

（4）句意：他们希望一天她将成为一名老师或者医生。

时态是一般过去时，所以hope用
过去式hoped；成为一名老师或者医生，表示选择，所以用or，故填hoped，or。

（5）句意：但是Esther有自己的想法。

one's own某人自己的，主语是Esther，所以one's 用形容词修物主代词her，故填her。

（6）句意：她开始把它卖给超市。

start to do sth. 开始去做另一件事情，故填to sell。

（7）句意：它卖得非常好。

副词修饰实义动词，sold是实义动词，所以good用副词well，故填well。

（8）句意：她是如此忙碌以至于她不得不让人为她工作。

make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，所以用work，故填work。

（9）句意：当她的父母看见她成功时，他们改变了他们的想法。

became是系动词，意思是变得，后面用形容词，success的形容词是successful，故填successful。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。

注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。

注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

5．语法填空
Yesterday our school had a big show. We had________ great talent show. In that show, there were many wonderful________ （performer） from different classes, and even some teachers. Most of the students________（think） the best act was Eliza. She could play the piano the most beautifully. ________ was the funniest? Of course Steve was. You could see that he and his lovely dog sang the________ （song）together so that everyone couldn't stop laughing. Do you want ________（know） the most creative one? It must be Vera. She ________（play） the guitar upside down.
The ________（popular） acts were the math teachers in the show. They had many kinds of instruments（乐器）and they were the loudest ________all. However, there was also a terrible show. Dennis always kept dropping the balls everywhere.
All in all, I think it was fun to watch the shows ________you don't take them too seriously.
And they also give students a good way to show their talents.
【答案】 a；performers；thought；Who
；song（s）；to know；played；most popular；of；if
【解析】【分析】大意：短文主要介绍了学校的才艺秀。

（1）句意：昨天我们举办了一场很棒的才艺秀。

根据show，可数名词单数，前面要用冠词a/an，且great为辅音音素开头，因此用a。

故答案为a。

（2）句意：在那场秀里，有很多来自不同班级的表演者，甚至使一些老师。

根据some teachers 可知，应是表演者，performer；many 修饰可数名词复数。

故答案为 performers。

（3）句意：大多数学生认为，最好的表演是Eliza的。

根据be动词was可知，本句时态为一般过去时。

动词think的一般过去式为thought。

故答案为thought。

（4）句意：谁是最有趣的？根据下文Of course Steve was. 可知，问的是人，用代词who。

故答案为Who。

（5）句意：你可以看到他和他可爱的狗一起唱歌。

定冠词the后，既可接可数名词单数也可接可数名词复数。

故答案为 song（s）。

（6）句意：你想不想知道最有创意的那一个？固定搭配，want to do sth. 想要做某事，因此用不定式to know，故答案为 to know。

（7）句意：她颠倒来弹吉他。

根据前文可知，本文时态为一般过去时，动词paly的一般过去式为played。

故答案为palyed。

（8）句意：最受欢迎的是数学老师们。

定冠词the后接形容词的最高级，形容词popular 的最高级为most popular，故答案为most popular 。

（9）句意：他们有很多种乐器，而且他们是所有人中最大声的。

固定搭配，the+形容词+of all，所有之中最……，故答案为of。

（10）句意：总的来说，如果你别太当真的话，我认为看这场秀是很有趣的。

if，如果，引导条件状语从句，故答案为if。

【点评】考查语法填空。

注意分析句子成分、时态和固定搭配等语法，填写单词的正确形式。

6．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

There are many ways for students to go to school. Some students walk to school, ________they live close to their school. Some students live far ________ their schools, so they may go by car or bus. In big ________（city）, students can take the underground to go to school.
Now more people drive cars and the fresh air is ________ （little）. I think going to school on foot is good for us.
First of all, walking to school is a wonderful way________（exercise）and it's good for ________（healthy）. Secondly, it's fun to walk together with friends every day. We can talk about something interesting and know________ other. Then, if we walk, our parents won't have to drive ________ （we） to school. There will be fewer cars on the road. More walking and less ________（drive） helps to make our city cleaner.
I hope more and ________students will walk to school. If everyone can do so, we will have a better life and a green world.
【答案】because；from；cities；less；to exercise；health；each；us；driving；more
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者希望越来越多的学生步行去上学。

（1）句意：因为他们住着离学校近。

根据前句Some students walk to school可知一些学生步行去上学的原因是他们离学校近，所以用because，表示原因，故填because。

（2）句意：一些学生住着离他们的学校远。

far from，离……远，故填from。

（3）句意：在大城市里，学生可以乘地铁去上学。

city是可数名词，前面没有表示单数的a，所以city用复数cities，故填cities。

（4）句意：新鲜空气是更少了。

根据Now more people drive cars可知更多的人开，所以新鲜空气是更少的，little的比较级是less，故填less。

（5）句意：步行去上学是一种锻炼的好方式。

a way to do sth. 做某事的一种方式，故填to exercise。

（6）句意：对健康是有好处的。

for是介词，后面用名词，healthy是形容词，名词是
health，故填health。

（7）句意：我们可以谈论有趣的事情，并且相互了解。

each other，相互，固定搭配，故填each。

（8）句意：我们的父母不将开车送我们去上学。

drive sb.开车送某人，drive是实义动词，后面用宾格，we是主格，宾格是us，故填us。

（9）句意：更多的步行和更少的开车帮助让我们的城市更干净。

walking用动词ing形式，所以drive用动词ing，即driving，故填driving。

（10）句意：我希望越来越多的学生将步行去学校。

more and more越来越多，故填more。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。

注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。

注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

7．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

Should you help ________（they）when the old fall down on the street? At 9:00 a.m. yesterday, a bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping saw a man ________（lie）on the side of the road. A woman next to him was shouting（呼喊）for help. Wang Ping stopped the bus without ________（think）twice. He got off and asked the woman ________happened. She said that the man had a heart problem and should be sent to the hospital at once. Mr. Wang knew that he had to act ________ （quick）. He hoped most or all of the passengers（乘客）could get off and wait for the next bus. But to his surprise, they all agreed ________ （go） with him. Some passengers helped Mr. Wang move the man onto the bus.
Thanks ________ Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors ________ （save） the man in time. A passenger says, ―Many people don't want to help ________ （other）because they don't want to get into trouble. But the driver didn't think about ________ （he）. He only thought about saving a life.
【答案】them；lying；thinking；what；quickly；to go；to；saved；others；himself
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了一名公共汽车司机救了一名躺在路边有心脏病的人，他没有为自己着想，只想着救人，那个人及时被救了。

（1）句意：当老人在街上摔倒了你应该帮助他们吗？help是动词，后缺宾语，因此要用they的宾格them，做宾语，故答案为them。

（2）句意：昨天上午九点，一名公共汽车司机，24岁的王平看见一个人躺在路边。

人和躺是主动关系，再根据see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，lay-lying, 故答案为lying。

（3）句意：王平没有多想就停下公共汽车。

without是介词，后跟v-ing，故答案为thinking。

（4）句意：他下车问了问女人发生了什么事。

happen前面缺主语，ask后面缺宾语，因此要用what，引导名词性从句，故答案为what。

（5）句意：王平知道他不得不快速地行动。

修饰动词要用副词，故答案为quickly。

（6）句意：但是使他惊讶的是，他们都同意和他一起去。

同意去做某事：agree to do sth.
故答案为to go。

（7）句意：多亏王平和乘客们。

多亏：thanks to，故答案为to。

（8）句意：医生们及时地救了那个人。

根据上下文的时态可知是一般过去时，故答案为saved。

（9）句意：很多人不想帮助别人因为他们不想卷入麻烦。

别人：others，故答案为others。

（10）句意：但是司机没有思考他自己。

句子的主语是the drive，他自己，反身代词，himself，故答案为himself。

【点评】考查语法填空。

首先通读全文，然后根据语法知识，固定短语，以及上下文确定所缺词的词形，确保文章通顺、完整。

8．补全下面两篇短文
A）Last year we were sometimes________When we passed the ball and we________to the other team in the________ match. What a ________ This year, we are training more, carefully. B） You can go by car and by ship________ the North Sea. This is the most________way to travel but also the most expensive. Book your ticket before you book your ________ Remember that________ Amsterdam is very expensive, so stay________the city centre and travel in by bus or by________
【答案】careless；lost；final；pity；across；comfortable；hotel；parking；outside；train 【解析】【分析】第一篇短文讲述了我们的球队在比赛中失利了，要更努力的训练。

第二篇短文介绍的是在旅行的时候需要注意的一些事情。

（1）句意：去年我们在传球的时候，有时候比较粗心，在最终的决赛中我们输掉了和另外一支球队的比赛。

careless粗心的，是一个形容词，在句中作表语。

根据句意可知，因为粗心才会输掉比赛，因此后面才会说we are training more，要更努力的训练。

故填careless。

（2）句意：去年我们在传球的时候，有时候比较粗心，在最终的决赛中我们输掉了和另外一支球队的比赛。

lost是lose的过去式，输，根据句意可知，因为粗心所以输掉了比赛，这句话中的时间状语是last year，是过去的事情，故填过去式lost。

（3）句意：去年我们在传球的时候，有时候比较粗心，在最终的决赛中我们输掉了和另外一支球队的比赛。

final最后的，最终的，是形容词，final match是决赛的意思。

故填final。

（4）句意：真遗憾。

pity遗憾，是一个名词。

What a pity是固定句型，表示对某事感到非常遗憾。

故填pity。

（5）句意：你可以乘坐汽车去，然后乘坐轮船穿过北海。

across穿过，是一个介词，指从物体的表面穿过，这句话的意思是坐船在海面上穿过，故填across。

（6）句意：这是旅行的最舒服的方式，但也是最贵的。

comfortable舒服的，舒适的，是一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰后面的名词way。

the most comfortable是最高级形式。

故填comfortable。

（7）句意：在你预定你的宾馆之前，你要先订票。

hotel宾馆，是一个名词。

根据文意可知，外出旅行的时候，你需要买票、、订宾馆，故应填hotel。

（8）句意：记住在阿姆斯特丹停车是非常贵的。

park停车，是一个动词，在这句话中是宾语从句中的主语，故用动名词形式，填parking。

（9）句意：记住在阿姆斯特丹停车是非常贵的，所以停在市中心的外面，然后乘坐公交车或者火车去里面去旅行。

outside在…外面，是一个介词。

根据句意可知，在阿姆斯特丹停车很贵，所以这里是建议我们把车停在外围，故填outside。

（10）句意：记住在阿姆斯特丹停车是非常贵的，所以停在市中心的外面，然后乘坐公交车或者火车去里面去旅行。

train火车，是一种交通工具，这里by train是固定短语，乘坐火车。

故填train。

【点评】此题考查短文填空。

在做短文填空时，先跳过空格阅读短文了解其大意，然后根据句意和上下文联系，英语语法和固定搭配完成短文，。

二、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
9．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

C
Once upon a time there was a man in a small town. He had two children, a boy and a girl. The boy was good-looking but the girl was not.
One day they found a mirror （镜子） for the first time and they saw what they looked like. The boy was very happy and he said to his sister, “How hand some I am! I look much nicer than you!”
The girl did not like what her brother said and gave him a hard push （推）. “Go away!” she said.
Their father saw what was happening. He went up to them and said to the boy, “You must always BE good as well as LOOK good.”
Then to the girl he said, “My dear, if you help everyone and do your best to make him happy, everyone will love you. It does not matter that you are not as good-looking as your brother.”（1）Once upon a time a man had ______.
A. a bad-looking boy
B. a good-looking girl
C. two good-looking children
D. a boy and a girl
（2）The boy was happy because he ______.
A. found a mirror
B. knew he looked as nice as his sister
C. was handsome
D. and his sister were good-looking
（3）The girl gave the boy a hard push because ______.
A. she was stronger
B. what her brother said was wrong
C. her father loved her
D. she was not happy with her brother
（4）Father told the girl that ______.
A. it was important to be good-looking
B. it was a good thing not to be good-looking
C. if she did her best to help people, she would enjoy people’s love
D. she was as good-looking as her brother
（5）What can we learn from this story?
A. To be good to people is more important than to be good-looking.
B. To be good-looking is very important.
C. If you want to make yourself good-looking, you must be good to people.
D. If you often help people, you will become more and more beautiful.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）C
（5）A
【解析】【分析】
⑴细节理解。

根据第一段He had two children, a boy and a girl. The boy was good-looking but the girl was not.可知他有俩孩子，男孩英俊女孩丑陋，故选D。

⑵细节理解。

根据第二段The boy was very happy and he said to his sister, “How handsome I am! I look much nicer than you!”可知男孩因为自己长得比女孩好看而感到高兴，故选Ｃ。

⑶细节理解。

根据第三段The girl did not like what her brother said and gave him a hard push 可知女孩不喜欢男孩说的话，故选D。

⑷细节理解。

根据最后一段My dear, if you help everyone and do your best to make him happy, everyone will love you可知父亲鼓励女孩多帮助别人，就会得到别人的爱。

故选C
⑸推理判断。

通过父亲的话可知对别人好比长得好看更重要。

故选A。

【点评】考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

10．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

C
There are many kinds of animals that live in the forest, such as mice, rabbits, squirrels, bears. Animals in the forest depend on（依靠）one another for food. Many small forest animals, such as mice, eat green plants for food, and then larger animals eat them. This is called food chain. A food chain begins with the sun. The green plants in the forest use the sun's energy to make food for themselves. It's called photosynthesis（光合作用）. Mice eat flowers and seeds that forest plants produce（生产）.The mice get their energy from the plants, and the mice become food for a larger animal, such as the hunting hawk. So the energy from the sun passes from the plants to the mice to the hawk. A break（中断）in any part of this food chain means
some animals may not have enough food to eat.
（1）Photosynthesis takes place when _____________.
A. larger animals eat small animals.
B. green plants use the sun's energy to make food.
C. Forest animals eat the food made by green plants.
D. The food chain is broken.
（2）What's the first link（环） in a food chain?
A. The sun
B. The earth
C. Green plants
D. Forests animals
（3）Animals sometimes cannot find enough food because _____________.
A. it's cloudy.
B. there is very little food in a forest.
C. Photosynthesis stops.
D. There is a break in the food chain.
（4）What does the food chain show about living things?
A. They depend on each other.
B. Large animals eat small animals.
C. Plants with flowers are the most important.
D. Plants are more than animals.
（5）What may be the best title of the passage?
A. Animals in the world
B. Food chain
C. Plants and man.
D. Animals are in danger.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）A
（5）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：森林中生活着各种各样的动物，这些动物互相为食，小动物吃绿色的植物，大一些的动物吃小动物，这就形成了食物链。

食物链是从太阳开始的，绿色的植物需要用太阳来为它们自己获得食物，这叫作“光合作用”。

食物链中任何一个环节的中断都会导致一些动物没有足够的食物吃。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第二段内容The green plants in the forest use the sun's energy to make food for themselves. It's called photosynthesis（光合作用）. 可知“光合作用”的形成，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文章中的句子A food chain begins with the sun. 可知“食物链”的第一个环节是太阳。

故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

根据文章最后一句A break（中断）in any part of this food chain means some animals may not have enough food to eat.可知有时动物找不到食物吃是因为食物链中断了。

故选 D。

（4）推理题。

根据第二段内容 Animals in the forest depend on（依靠）one another for food. Many small forest animals,……This is called food chain.可以推理“生物之间是互相依赖的”，故
选A。

（5）主旨归纳题。

通读全文，可知本文主要讲述了食物链的形成，故标题选B最合适。

【点评】这是一篇科普类短文阅读，通过阅读短文，了解食物链的形成以及光合作用。

11．阅读理解
Peter was a carpenter（木匠）in our village. Once I asked him to make a dining table for my wife. He made it just the right size to fill the space between the two windows. When I arrived home that evening, Peter was drinking a cup of tea and writing out his bill for his work.
My wife said to me quietly," That's his ninth cup of tea today..."Then she said loudly," It's a beautiful table, dear, isn't it? "
"I won't decide about that until I see that bill，"I said.
Peter laughed and gave me his bill for the work. It said:
One dining table June 10, 2017
Wood 27.00
Paint（油漆） 5. 50
Work, 8 hours（$ 2 per hour） 16. 00
Total（总计） 58. 50
"Yes, "I said, "I'm glad it is only the 10th of June."
"Me too, "said Peter, "it'll be a bit hotter by the end of the month."
"Yes. Hotter and more expensive. Dining tables will be 20 more expensive on June 30th, won't they, Peter?"
Peter looked hard at me for half a minute. There was a little smile on his face. I gave his bill back to him.
"If it isn't too much trouble, Peter," I said," please add it up again. You can forget the date. "
I paid him 48. 50 and he was happy to get it.
（1）Why did Peter talk about the weather when the writer was looking at the bill?
A. Because it was a fine day indeed.
B. Because he wanted the writer to look at the bill carefully.
C. Because he didn't want the writer to go through the bill carefully.
D. Because he wanted to tell the writer what the weather was like.
（2）Why did the writer say that dinning table would be 20 more expensive by the end of June?
A. Because paint would be more expensive.
B. Because the wood would be more expensive.
C. Because it was difficult to make dining tables when it was hot.
D. Because he thought Peter would certainly add the date to the cost of the dinning table.
（3）The writer thought Peter would ask for if he made a dining table on June 30th.
A. 48. 50
B. 78. 50
C. 68. 50
D. 20. 00
（4）From the story we know that .
A. Peter had written out the bill before the writer got home
B. Peter still wanted to get 36. 50 for his work in the end
C. Peter made a mistake in the bill
D. Peter tried to get more money for his work
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述Peter尽力因为他的工作获取更多的钱。

（1）推断题。

根据 When I was looking at the bill, Peter said, "It's been a fine day, hasn't it?" Hotter and more expensive. 可知，当我看账单时，皮特说，今天是晴朗的一天，难道不是吗？和更热更贵，可推出皮特谈论天气因为他不想让作者仔细浏览着个账单，因为账单比以前要贵些，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据Hotter and more expensive. Dining tables will be 20 more expensive on June 30th, won't they, Peter?" 可知，因为他认为皮特一定会把日期加到餐桌的花费上，故选D。

（3）推断题。

根据 Dining tables will be 20 more expensive on June 30th, won't they, Peter?" 和there was a little smile on his face. 可知六月10日做一张桌子需要58.50，而作者认为Peter到6月30日做一张餐桌需要再加20，当作者问皮特时，皮特笑了，即暗示了很可能要增加，即需要78.50，故选B。

（4）主旨题。

本文主要讲述Peter尽力通过他的工作获取更多的利益，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。

细节题要从文中寻找答案。

推断题需要根据上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

12．阅读短文，从下面每题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

George: What are you doing?
User: Saying hello to you.
George: Are you a monkey?
User: Do you think monkeys can type?
George: Sure.
User: Are you a monkey?
George: Do you think monkeys can type?
User: You told me they could.
This is a conversation between a human "user" and a computer. The computer was made to be as human as possible. It was taught to talk to humans. It has also learnt from what people have said to it. This has helped it become more human.
What makes George talk is called Jabberwacky. It won the Loebner Prize not long ago. The prize is a contest to find the most realistic artificial intelligence （现实的人工智能）. In 2006,。