四川省绵阳南山中学2019_2020学年高二英语6月月考试题含解析

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四川省绵阳南山中学2019-2020学年高二英语6月月考试题（含解析）
（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：100分）
考生注意：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的准考证号、姓名填写在答题卡上。

2. 第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再涂涂其他答案标号。

第II卷用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作答，答在试題卷上无效。

第I卷（共75分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）
做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小題和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. When will the speakers play tennis today?
A. In the morning.
B. In the afternoon.
C. In the evening.
2. What did David probably do yesterday?
A. He rested at home.
B. He went boating.
C. He went hiking.
3. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife.
B. Colleagues.
C. Fellow travelers.
4. How does the woman feel now?
A. Nervous.
B. Excited.
C. Relaxed.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The origin of marathon.
B. The life of a Greek soldier.
C. The war between Athens and Persia.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题.从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选
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出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。

6. Why did Mike join a band?
A. To kill time.
B. To enjoy music.
C. To overcome shyness.
7. What does the woman probably think of singing in public? A. Exciting. B. Embarrassing. C. Meaningful 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。

8. What's the price of each copy for the man? A.10 cents. B. 15 cents. C. 20 cents. 9. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Use the coin-operated machine. B. Make the copies himself. C. Get the copies later. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。

10. How much did the woman weigh three months ago? A. 130 pounds. B. 143 pounds. C. 160 pounds. 11. How did the man's aunt lose weight? A. By exercising at home. B. By joining a gym. C. By running outdoors. 12. What suggestion does the man give to the woman? A. Changing her eating habits. B. Trying the program Wholc30.
C. Going to a gym.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。

13. What did Linda think of her trip?
A. Enjoyable・
B. Frightening.
C. Annoying.
14. Where did Linda meet the bearded man?
A. At the Grand Canyon.
B. On her way home.
C. At a service station.
15. What did the bearded man want to do?
A. Get a free ride.
B. Return a blanket.
C. Ask directions.
16. Who is Linda most probably speaking to?
A. Her teacher.
B. Her classmate.
C. Her friend.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。

17. What is the speaker doing?
A. Giving a class.
B. Hosting a radio program.
C. Reporting International Jazz Day.
18. Who helped start the project?
A. The DC city government.
B. The Thai government.
C. A non-profit group.
19. Where did the group perform?
A. At the town hall of Bangkok, Thailand.
B. At a concert hall near Mahidol University.
C. At the Thailand International Jazz Conference.
20. What is a difference between Thailand and the U.S. on jazz?
A. More women in Thailand study jazz.
B. Thai students are better at jazz.
C. Americans love jazz more.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

(共15小题：每小题2分，共30分)
A
A polished resume is essential for a successful school or job application. A clear structure and well-organized content can be the difference between success and failure.
Structuring your resume
(1) Create a header with your name and contact information. There are also down loadable templates(模板) available online. If none of them appeals to you, however, you can always use your own design.
(2) Use a chronological(时间顺序排列的)resume. In a chronological resume, you list your work and education experiences, starting with your most recent experience.
(3) Include your relevant education, awards or training. Typically, your highest academic qualification is the only one you need to include on your resume.
If you had a cumulative(累积的)GPA of 3.5 or higher, feel free to include it. Otherwise, it would be best to leave it out. If you re listing more than one degree, include your GPA on both of them, if possible.
(4) List work experience, including relevant volunteer work and internships. Use specific job titles and short explanations that tell potential employers exactly what you did, what skills you gained and how they could be useful in a new job.
(5) Try a functional resume, if you lack direct work experience. With a functional resume you can highlight your specific skills and resources without having to list previous jobs. A functional resume emphasizes what you can do rather than what you've done.
Making your content shine
Place keywords in your resume strategically. Schools or employers often use software to scan resumes for specific keywords.
1. How should you present your job and education experiences on a resume?
A. Begin with your most successful experience.
B. Stan with your most recent experience.
C. Include as many details as possible.
D. Only introduce your highest degree.
2. When should you leave your GPA out of your resume?
A. If your total GPA was below 3.5.
B. If your cumulative GPA was below
4.0.
C. If you're listing more than one decree.
D. If you are still a student.
3. What should you do if you don't have much work experience according to the text?
A. List my job you've done before.
B. talk about how much you know about the job.
C. Focus on your abilities and skills related to the job.
D. Share what you've learned from your previous work.
4. How can you make your resume noticeable according to the text? 、
A. Use a catchy template.
B. Send your resume in a DOC file.
C. Mention a hobby that you are good at.
D. Highlight some keywords in your resume.
5. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The ways to shine the content of your resume。

B. How to structure your resume.
C. The recipe of resume success.
D. The contact information in the resume.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C
【解析】
本文是说明文。

一份完美的简历是求职成功必需的。

文章就“如何组织你的简历”和“如何让你的简历内容引人注目”两个方面提出了一些实用的建议。

【1题详解】
细节理解题。

根据“Structuring your resume”部分中的第（2）点“In a chronological resume, you list your work and education experiences, starting with your most recent experience.”可知，在简历中展示你的工作和教育经历时，应该从最近的经历开始。

故选B 项。

【2题详解】
细节理解题。

根据“Structuring your resume”部分中的第（3）点中“If you had a cumulative(累积的) GPA of 3.5 or higher, feel free to include it. Otherwise, it would be best to leave it out.”可知，如果你累积的平均绩点在3.5或3.5以上，就在简历中使用它；如果低于3.5分，就把它从简历中删掉。

故选A项。

【3题详解】
细节理解题。

根据“Structuring your resume”部分中的第（5）点中“Try a functional resume, if you lack direct work experience. With a functional resume you can highlight your specific skills and resources without having to list previous jobs.（如果你没有直接的工作经验，试试功能型简历。

功能型简历可以突出你的特殊技能和资源，而不必列出以前的工作经历。

）”由此可知，如果你没有很多工作经验，就用功能型简历，在简历中突出你与工作相关的能力和技能。

故选C项。

【4题详解】
细节理解题。

根据“Making your content shine”部分中的“Place keywords in your resume strategically”可知，要让你的简历内容引人注目，需要在简历中突出一些关键词。

因为雇主经常使用软件来扫描简历，寻找特定的关键词。

故选D项。

【5题详解】
主旨大意题。

通读全文，文章第一段提出“A polished resume is essential for a successful school or job application.”一份完美的简历是求职成功的必需的；文章下文从“Structuring your resume（如何组织简历）”和“Making your content shine（如何让简历内容夺目）”两个方面提出一些建议。

因此文章内容是关于“成功简历的秘诀”。

故选C项。

B
I'd like to share a little story with you about something that happened when I was four, remember it clearly. Our loving family dog was nearing the end of his life. My father picked him up and put him in a little bed we had made for him. Our dog, my companion. whom we had cared for, bit my father when he attempted to help him. How could he? Why? I couldn't understand it. I didn't like him anymore.
I hadn't thought about that story for a long time but something that happened last week brought it back to me. I went to speak with a friend. When I knocked on the door, I met in an instant an angry look and a few harsh(尖刻的) words. When the door was skimmed(砰地关上) in my face, I stood there shocked, and in a rush, I was reminded of my dog which bit my father 20 years ago or so.
What brought that story back was that same feeling of betrayal.
Both stories taught me something the next day. You see, when I got up in the morning and was told my dog had died, it became clear to me that he must have been in great
pain. For him to have bitten a family member, he could not have been himself. Much the same for the other story when I learned that my friend's wife had just left him.
We are all beings of our environments, our opinions and feelings. And all of those things can cause you to say and do things that can't be understood by those who are not in the same situation with you.
If you meet someone either behaving out of character or acting in a way that doesn't seem to fit the situation, be patient when you think it is least possible for him to do so and try to get to know why he had such behaviour.
6. What's the influence of the incident that happened when he was four?
A. It hurt his father's feeling deeply.
B. It has puzzled the author ever since.
C. It left a deep impression on the author.
D. It made the author dislike dogs.
7. What made the author think about the story of about 20 years ago?
A. The photo of the dog,
B. His friend's attitude.
C. His father's wound.
D. His friend’s suffering.
8. Why did the authors friend say harsh words to the author?
A. Because he was bad-tempered.
B. Because they once quarreled and lie couldn't forgive the author.
C. Because he was bothered by an unexpected visit.
D. Because he was suffering the pain of losing his wife.
9. What conclusion did the author get from the two stories?
A. Misunderstanding should be removed in time.
B. Sometimes one will be hurt without any reason.
C. Many people think more of themselves and less of others.
D. Many factors will affect one's behavior.
10. What's the author's advice to us?
A. Learn to understand others.
B. Look before you leap.
C. Help those in need.
D. Tolerance is a kind of virtue. 【答案】6. C 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. A
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。

本文讲述了作者朋友因为失去妻子很痛苦以不友好的态度对待作者，使作者想起了20年前家里的狗狗咬父亲这件事情，从两件事情中得出了一个道理：很多因素都会影响人的行为，所以最后总结出，当我们看到别人出乎意料的行为的时候，要以理解的态度耐心的对待他人。

【6题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第一段中I'd like to share a little story with you about something that happened when I was four, remember it clearly.可知我想和大家分享一个小故事，是发生在我四岁的时候，记得很清楚。

由此可知，作者四岁时发生的事件给作者留下了深刻的印象。

故选C。

【7题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第二段中When the door was skimmed(砰地关上) in my face, I stood there shocked, and in a rush, I was reminded of my dog which bit my father 20 years ago or so.可知当门当着我的面砰地关上时，我站在那里震惊了，在匆忙中，我想起了大约20年前我的狗咬了我的父亲。

由此可知，是作者朋友不友好的态度让作者想起了20年前的故事。

故选B。

【8题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第四段中Much the same for the other story when I learned that my friend's wife had just left him.可知另一个故事也差不多，我听说我朋友的妻子刚离开他。

由此可知，作者的朋友对作者说严厉的话，因为他正在遭受失去他妻子的痛苦。

故选D。

【9题详解】
推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段We are all beings of our environments, our opinions and feelings. And all of those things can cause you to say and do things that can't be understood by those who are not in the same situation with you.可知我们都是由我们所处的环境、我们的观点和感受所决定的生物。

所有这些事情都会导致你说的和做的事情不会被那些和你处境不同的人所理解。

由此可推知，作者从这两个故事中得到了“许多因素会影响一个人的行为”的结论。

故选D。

【10题详解】
推理判断题。

根据最后一段If you meet someone either behaving out of character or acting
in a way that doesn't seem to fit the situation, be patient when you think it is least possible for him to do so and try to get to know why he had such behaviour.可知如果你遇到某人行为不符合性格或行为方式似乎不符合情境，在你认为他不可能这样做的时候要耐心，并试着弄清楚他为什么会有这样的行为。

由此可推知，作者给我们的建议是学会理解他人。

故选A。

C
Why do people lie? Many psychologists agree that lying can start from childhood. There are various reasons why children make false statements. They usually tell untruthful stories to cover up the mistakes that they have done in the past. Lying is also a way to avoid receiving punishments from parents. If parents, fail to reprimand their children for making up false stories, then there is a possibility that they will continue to lie during their teenage years.
Teenagers lie because they want to be accepted by their friends. This is the main reason why they create stories that are not true just to become presentable and acceptable to other people. In some instances, teenagers tell untruthful statements to avoid criticisms from their families and friends.
As teenagers grow, lying becomes one of their habits. Their knowledge on making up untruthful stories becomes more developed. People lie in workplaces if they fail to meet the deadlines and if they fail to accomplish and do their tasks efficiently. Some of the common lies made in workplaces are getting sick and having emergencies at home. The danger involved in frequent lying is when it becomes a character. Frequent lying causes the development of the condition known to doctors as pathological lying.
Pathological lying is a mental health condition, which is associated with individuals who have the urge to tell untruthful statements. Patients suffering from it make up stories about everything and anything. These individuals pretend to meet the standards of other people who they want to please. These patients cheat other people because it gives them an unexplained pleasure. One of the best ways of treating pathological liars is to help them tell true statements and stories at all times. This may be hard for them, but as they are accustomed to it, they will start to realize
that they will be more accepted by their families and other people if they stop themselves from making up false stories.
11. What does the underlined word "reprimand'' in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. satisfy
B. criticize
C. discourage
D. praise
12. Why do Teenagers tell lies according to the passage?
A. Because they want to avoid being punished.
B. Because they want to fool other people.
C. Because they want to satisfy others.
D. Because they want to attract others' attention.
13. Why is Pathological lying a disease?
A. Because the patients can't help lying.
B. Because the patients lose interest in everything.
C. Because the patients are critical about themselves.
D. Because the patients have the urge to please others.
14. What are patients suffering pathological lying most likely to do?
A. They really want to play jokes on others.
B. They often suffer from some other diseases.
C. They usually want to show off themselves by making some statements.
D. They always like making up pleasing stories.
15. How does the writer explain pathological lying?
A. By showing some typical examples.
B. By predicting the future consequences.
C. By analyzing its causes and development.
D. By listing a group of phenomena. 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章指出不同阶段人们可能会说谎的原因。

并且指出，如果从儿童时期就养成说谎的习惯，则可能发展为严重的病态说谎症。

【11题详解】
词义猜测题。

根据后文their children for making up false stories, then there is a possibility that they will continue to lie during their teenage years.可知如果父母没有批评他们的孩子编造虚假的故事，那么他们就有可能在青少年时期继续说谎。

由此可知，划线单词意思为“批评”。

A. satisfy 满足；B. criticize 批评；C. discourage 阻止；
D. praise 赞扬。

故选B 。

【12题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第二段第一句Teenagers lie because they want to be accepted by their friends.可知青少年撒谎是因为他们想要被朋友所接受。

由此可推知，青少年会说谎是因为他们想要取悦他人。

故选C 。

【13题详解】
细节理解题。

根据最后一段中Pathological lying is a mental health condition, which is associated with individuals who have the urge to tell untruthful statements.可知病态说谎是一种心理健康状况，它与个人有说出不实陈述的冲动有关。

由此可知，说病理性撒谎是一种疾病，是因为病人不由自主要说谎。

故选A 。

【14题详解】
推理判断题。

根据最后一段中Patients suffering from it make up stories about everything and anything. These individuals pretend to meet the standards of other people who they want to please.（患有这种病的病人会编造各种故事。

这些人会假装达到他们想要取悦的人的标准。

）由此可推知，患病理性说谎的病人最有可能喜欢编令人愉快的故事。

故选D 。

【15题详解】
推理判断题。

文章第二段分析了青少年撒谎的原因，第三四段说明了说谎进一步演化成病态说谎症的过程，由此可推知，作者是通过分析其原因和发展过程，来解释病理性撒谎的。

故选C 。

第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

（共5 小题，每小题2分,共10分） Are you a bookworm? Is your head permanently stuck in a book? ___16___ There are many benefits to reading. Getting into a good novel improves our literacy. Bui who what encourages us to pick up a book and start reading?
Of course, when we are young, our parents and teachers inspire us by introducing
us to characters that we love or hate. As a child, I loved books written by RoaldDahl, such as Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and The Twits. ___17___ They are popular with children even today, despite competition from contemporary authors.
One modern-day children's author is J. K. Rowling, who's known for her books about the wizard, Harry Potter. ___18___ The UK's National Literacy Trust awarded her the title for “turning a generation of children into readers”.
___19___ It can also help people in difficult circumstances. The author Pat Winslow worked as a writer in prisons and found reading and discussing stories helped prisoners reflect on their patterns of behavior. She says, “very often we would have discussions about the moral compass of a character. What was the motivation of somebody? Why did they behave that way?”
Today I like to read factual books such as biographies, where you get an insight into the lives of important and well-known people. I also enjoy looking at travel books and learning about journeys and new destinations. ___20___
A. If so, that's a good thing for you.
B. It's a good substitute if you can't visit in person.
C. Good writing can really capture our imagination.
D. Reading books is more than an enjoyable leisure time.
E. These fictional stories were funny, twisted and slightly evil.
F. Who are your favorite authors and which are your favorite books?
G. She was named as a "literacy hero" for improving people's love of reading. 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. D 20. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了阅读的好处，作者在文章中还提到了一些著名人物，如提高了人们对阅读的热爱的J. K. Rowling以及发现阅读和讨论故事可以帮助囚犯反思自己的行为模式的Pat Winslow。

【16题详解】
结合后文There are many benefits to reading. Getting into a good novel improves our literacy.可知阅读有很多好处。

读一本好的小说可以提高我们的读写能力。

由此可知，本句
是在说明如果你是个书虫，沉浸在书本里，那么对你来说这是件好事。

故A选项“如果是这样，那对你来说是件好事”符合上下文语境，故选A。

【17题详解】
根据上文As a child, I loved books written by RoaldDahl, such as Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and The Twits.可知小时候，我很喜欢RoaldDahl写的书，比如《查理和巧克力工厂》和《傻瓜》。

由此可知，本句应当承接上文说明这些书本中故事的类型。

故E 选项“这些虚构的故事有趣、扭曲，还有点邪恶”符合上下文语境，故选E。

【18题详解】
根据后文The UK's National Literacy Trust awarded her the title for “turning a generation of children into readers”.可知英国国家扫盲基金会授予她“将一代儿童变成读者”的称号。

由此可知，J. K. Rowling提高了人们对阅读的热爱，被称为扫盲英雄，还被英国国家扫盲基金会授予“将一代儿童变成读者”的称号。

故G选项“她被称为‘扫盲英雄’，因为她提高了人们对阅读的热爱。

”符合上下文语境，故选G。

【19题详解】
根据后文It can also help people in difficult circumstances.可知它还可以帮助处于困境中的人。

由此可知，本句是在说明读书给人们带来的好处——不仅仅是一种愉快的休闲时间，还可以帮助处于困境中的人。

故D选项“读书不仅仅是一种愉快的休闲时间”符合上下文语境，故选D。

【20题详解】
根据上文I also enjoy looking at travel books and learning about journeys and new destinations.可知我也喜欢看旅游书籍，学习旅行和新的目的地。

由此可知，本句承接上文说明，旅游书籍能够在你不能亲自参观的情况下，带你学习旅行和新的目的地。

故B选项“如果你不能亲自参观，这是一个很好的替代”符合上下文语境，故选B。

第三部分基础知识应用（共两节.满分20分）
第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分；满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑
How do doctors and hospitals decide who gets potentially lifesaving treatment and who doesn't? Facing this ___21___ position recently— who gets a ventilator(呼吸
机) or a bed in hospital— Italian doctors sought advice on conscience and were told to consider a/an___22___ . that draws on utilitarian(功利主义) principles.
In the words which are easy to understand, a utilitarianism approach would maximize(使最大化) overall health by directing ___23___ toward those most likely to ___24___ the most from it. If you had only one ventilator, it would go to someone more likely to ___25___.
In addition, they say pulling the ___26___ of front-line health care workers first is ___27___to maximize the number of lives saved. We may ___28___ a shortage of such workers, and some have already fallen ___29___.
In a recent article in The New York Times,a British researcher said, “There are arguments about ____30____ the young over the old that I am personally very uncomfortable with,” he added. “Is a 20-year-old ____31____more valuable than a 50-ycar-old, or are 50-year-olds actually more useful for your economy, because they have ____32____ and skills that 20-ycars-olds don't have?”
Dr. Emanuel ____33____ with that statement: “The 20-rcar-old has lived fewer years of life; they have been seized of a full life ____34____. If they nearly have the same prediction of the course of the disease, then the fact that 20-year-old has not had a full life counts in their favor for getting ____35____ that are rare at this special moment.”
21. A. present B. difficult C. firm D. modern
22. A. approach B. concept C. structure D. order
23. A. money B. medicine C. operation D. care
24. A. suffer B. hear C. benefit D. differ
25. A. disappear B. survive C. breathe D. die
26. A. income B. health C. dream D. promise
27. A. moving B. temporary C. diverse D. necessary
28. A. face B. improve C. solve D. help
29. A. asleep B. silent C. ill D. apart
30. A. proving B. valuing C. promoting D. marking
31. A. really B. usually C. possibly D. casually
32. A. memory B. relatives C. experience D. friends
33. A. disagree B. declared C. struggled D. protested
34. A. with power B. on time C. in use D. by force
35. A. devices B. equipment C. materials D. resources
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. A 29.
C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. A 34.
D 35. D
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。

文章指出医生和医院如何决定谁能得到潜在的救命治疗，谁不能。

最近面对这种困境——谁需要呼吸机或医院的病床——意大利医生寻求良知方面的建议，并被告知考虑采用功利原则，即将那些护理给更有可能活下来的人。

文章说明了不同的人对此的看法。

【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：最近面对这种困境——谁需要呼吸机或医院的病床——意大利医生寻求良知方面的建议，并被告知要考虑一种功利主义原则的方法。

A. present现在的；
B. difficult困难的；
C. firm坚定的；
D. modern现代的。

结合后文who gets a ventilator or a bed in hospital可知“谁需要呼吸机或医院的病床”是一种艰难的选择，是一种困境。

故选B。

【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：最近面对这种困境——谁需要呼吸机或医院病床——意大利医生寻求良知方面的建议，并被告知要考虑一种功利主义原则的方法。

A. approach方法；B. concept概念；C. structure结构；D. order命令。

结合上文Italian doctors sought advice on conscience and were told to consider an可知意大利医生寻求良知方面的建议，并被告知要考虑一种功利主义原则的方法（approach）。

故选A。

【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：用简单易懂的话来说，功利主义的方法是通过将护理导向那些最有可能从中获益最多的人，从而使整体健康最大化。

A. money金钱；B. medicine药品；C.
operation手术；D. care护理，关心。

结合上文a utilitarianism approach would maximize overall health可知要使整体健康最大化，那么应当时将护理导向给那些最有可能从中获益最多的人。

故选D。

【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：用简单易懂的话来说，功利主义的方法是通过将护理导向那些最有可能从中获益最多的人，从而使整体健康最大化。

A. suffer遭受；B. hear听见；C. benefit 有益于；D. differ区别于。

根据后文the most from it可知将护理给了那些最有可能从中获益最多的人，才能实现整体健康最大化。

故选C。

【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：如果你只有一台呼吸机，它会给更有可能活下来的人。

A. disappear 消失；B. survive活下来，幸存；C. breathe呼吸；D. die死亡。

结合上文If you had only one ventilator, it would go to someone more likely to可知根据功利原则的，呼吸机应当是给予更有可能活下来的人。

故选B。

【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：此外，他们说，把一线医护人员的健康放在首位是必要的，这样才能最大限度地挽救生命。

A. income收入；B. health健康；C. dream梦想；D. promise 承诺。

结合后文to maximize the number of lives saved可知要最大限度地挽救生命，必须把一线医护人员的健康放在首位。

故选B。

【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：此外，他们说，把一线医护人员的健康放在首位是必要的，这样才能最大限度地挽救生命。

A. moving移动的；B. temporary临时的；C. diverse不同的；
D. necessary必要的。

结合后文to maximize the number of lives saved可知要最大限度地挽救生命，把一线医护人员的健康放在首位是必要的。

故选D。

【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我们可能会面临这样的工人短缺，而且有些人已经生病了。

A. face 面临；B. improve改善；C. solve解决；D. help帮助。

结合后文a shortage of such workers 可知此处指面临一线医护人员短缺的问题。

故选A。

【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：我们可能会面临这样的工人短缺，而且有些人已经生病了。

A.
asleep睡着的；B. silent沉默的；C. ill生病的；D. apart分离的。

有一线医护人员短缺问题，且上文强调了要把一线医护人员的健康放在首位，可推知是因为一些一线医护人员已经生病了。

故选C。

【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：他补充说:“有人认为年轻人比老年人更重要，我个人对此感到非常不舒服。

”A. proving证明；B. valuing重要，重视；C. promoting促进；D. marking做记号。

结合后文I am personally very uncomfortable with可推知有人认为年轻人比老年人更重要，这让一位英国研究人员个人对此感到非常不舒服。

后文more valuable than a 50-ycar-old也是提示。

故选B。

【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。

句意：“20岁的人真的比50岁的人更有价值，还是说50岁的人对你的经济实际上更有用，因为他们有20岁的人所没有的经验和技能？”A. really实际上；B. usually 通常；C. possibly可能地；D. casually随便地。

后文提到了50岁的人拥有20岁的人所没有的经验和技能，故此处指的是50岁的人对你的经济实际上（really）更有用。

故选A。

【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：“20岁的人真的比50岁的人更有价值，还是说50岁的人对你的经济实际上更有用，因为他们有20岁的人所没有的经验和技能？”A. memory记忆；B. relatives 亲戚；C. experience经验；D. friends朋友。

结合后文and skills that 20-ycars-olds don't have可知此处指50岁的人有20岁的人所没有的经验（experience）和技能。

故选C。

【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：Emanuel博士不同意这种说法。

A. disagree不同意；B. declared 宣称；C. struggled奋斗；D. protested抗议。

结合后文The 20-year-old has lived fewer years of life可知Emanuel博士不同意上文提到的“50岁的人比20岁的人对经济更有用”的说法，他认为20岁的人才活了没多少年。

故选A。

【34题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。

句意：“20岁的人只活了很少的年限，他们是被强行夺取了完整的生命。

”
A. with power凭借力量；
B. on time暗示；
C. in use在使用中；
D. by force强迫地。

结合上文可知如果有唯一的一天呼吸机但是不给20岁的人使用，那么他们就是被人们强行（by force）夺取了完整的生命。

故选D。

考查名词词义辨析。

句意：如果他们几乎对疾病的进程有同样的预测，那么20岁的人没有过完整的生活，这对他们在这个特殊时刻获得稀有的资源是有利的。

A. devices设备；B. equipment设备；C. materials材料；D. resources资源。

此处指上文who gets a ventilator or a bed in hospital提到的稀有的医疗资源，如一台呼吸机或一张医院病床。

故选D。

第Ⅱ卷（共25分）
第二节语法填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

While buying things online, many of us rely on customer reviews to understand the usage and ___36___（perform）of a product. But many sellers are buying fake reviews to influence purchasing patterns. Review companies have ___37___army of testers who post four - and five-star reviews on e-commerce platforms. More than 60,000 specialized testers throughout Europe write reviews quickly and ___38___（rely）. Although Amazon ___39___（fight） against fake reviews and has deleted some of them, the fake reviews won't stop ___40___ Amazon stops its practice of ranking products. 【答案】36. performance
37. an 38. reliably
39. has been fighting
40. until
【解析】
本文是说明文，介绍了目前购物网站上存在的虚假评论的问题。

【36题详解】
考查名词。

句意：当我们在网上买东西的时候，我们中的许多人依靠顾客的评论来了解产品的用途和性能。

and是并列连词，连接两个并列的成分；前面的 the usage是名词，所填词也应该是名词；perform是动词，名词形式为performance。

故填performance。

【37题详解】
考查冠词。

句意：评论公司有一批测试人员大军，他们会在电子商务平台上发表四星级和五星级的评论。

此处用不定冠词an表示数量，意思为““一大群，一大批”；army的发音是以元音因素开头，因此用不定冠词an；短语an army of 意思为“一大群，一大批”。

故填an。