2022年考研考博-考博英语-上海交通大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：1

2022年考研考博-考博英语-上海交通大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编
押题第五期（含答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
The troops were in a （） position, completely exposed to attack from the air.
问题1选项
A.eminent
B.brutal
C.vulnerable
D.adequate
【答案】C
【解析】形容词词义辨析。

eminent杰出的;brutal残忍的;vulnerable易受攻击的;adequate充足的。

句意：部队处于易受攻击的位置, 完全暴露了。

选项C符合句意。

2.
单选题
"The project goal is for students to build complex and interesting sentences and （）, whole paragraphs." The teacher explains.
问题1选项
A.foremost
B.ultimately
C.readily
D.intimately 【答案】B
【解析】副词辨析题。

foremost首要的，最先的；ultimately最终，根本；readily容易地，乐意地；intimately熟悉地，亲密地。

句意：“该项目的目标是让学生构建复杂有趣的句子，最终形成完整的段落。

”老师解释道。

选项B符合句意。

3.
单选题
The kitchen was small and（）so that the disabled woman could reach everything without difficulty.
问题1选项
plex
plete
pact
posite
【答案】C
【解析】形容词辨析题。

complex"复合的, 复杂的"; complete "完整的, 彻底的"; compact "紧凑的, 简洁的"; composite "混合的, 综合的"。

句意：厨房小而紧凑，残疾妇女可以毫不费力地够到任何东西。

选项C符合句意。

4.
单选题
Can you explain this （） of ten years in your job history which you have not accounted for? 问题1选项
A.interruption
B.gap
C.split
D.paring
【答案】B
【解析】名词辨析题。

interruption"中断, 干扰";gap"缺口,差距,间隔";split"劈裂,裂缝;paring"削皮"。

选项中只有gap可以表示时间的间隔。

句意：你能解释一下在你的工作经历中你没有解释的十年空白期吗? 选项B正确。

5.
单选题
The university is now making efforts to make the supply and demand of information more （）and to protect students' rights with legal advice.
问题1选项
A.transparent
B.visible
C.applicable
D.practical
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词辨析。

transparent"透明的;显然的"; visible"看得见的"; applicable"可适用的, 可应用的"; practical"实际的,实用性的"。

句意：学校目前正在努力使信息的供求更加透明, 并通过法律咨询来保护学生的权利。

选项A符合句意。

6.
单选题
The doctor was in a （） as to whether to tell the patient the truth or a lie. 问题1选项
A.prudence
B.dilemma
C.secrecy
D.psychology
【答案】B
【解析】名词辨析题。

prudence谨慎；dilemma困境，进退两难；secrecy保密；psychology心理学。

句意：医生陷入进退两难的困境，不知该告诉病人真相还是谎言。

选项B符合句意。

7.
单选题
A sensitive person is one who is easily hurt or （） by things that people do or say.
问题1选项
A.offended
B.wounded
C.stimulated
D.motivated
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。

offend"冒犯;进攻"; wound"伤害,受伤"; stimulate"刺激,鼓舞";motivate"承受,具有,支撑"。

根据or可以推断填空处应与hurt意思相近。

wound一般指外伤, 伤口, 不符合句意, 所以选项A正确。

句意：敏感的人很容易被别人的言行伤害或冒犯。

试题答案
A
8.
单选题
His past affection for Jane （） any new relationship impossible for him.
问题1选项
A.resented
B.rendered
C.repelled
D.resorted
【答案】B
【解析】动词辨析题。

resent 厌恶，憎恨；render致使，提出；repel击退，抵制；resort求助，诉诸。

句意：他过去对Jane的感情致使他无法开始一段新恋情。

选项B符合句意。

9.
单选题
73. 5 percent of major U.S. firms report that they record and review their employees' communications and activities on the joB.The larger the company, the more likely it is to engage in monitoring and surveillance activities, according to a survey. Broken down by business category, survey respondents in the financial services sector lead the packs when it comes to monitoring their employees e-mail and Internet connections.
Weber says he sees companies go through a "life cycle" with their Internet experience. When they first get connected, companies see a surge of activity and an immediate drop-off in productivity. After about two or three weeks, Internet use levels off, Weber notes. Weber observes that among his clients, he's seeing a trend where employers are letting the life cycle run its course. In other cases, Weber says his clients are capturing the information, but not really doing anything about it. One thing the experts all agree on is that if you use the Internet and provide access to your employees, you should have a policy in place that defines what you deem to be permissible use by employees. Weber believes that no company wants to be in the rote of Big Brother, but still must protect one of its most valuable assets. Nor are employers looking to micro-manage their employees. Many companies are viewing use of the Internet as similar to the phone, and operating with the philosophy that incidental personal use is okay. "But some clients don't see a need to restrict access," he explains. For certain the issues that surround monitoring employee Internet use aren't going to quiet down anything soon, the experts say. "Maybe the simplest solution is to just allow a certain percentage to go to employee use."
1.In monitoring the Internet use of the employees, which of the following take the lead?
2.Which of the following may rightly describe the lifecycle of Internet use（）
3.What can we say about most companies' attitude towards employee Internet use?
4.We know from this passage that experts think （） .
5.Which of the following may serve as the best title?
问题1选项
puter companies.
B.Telecommunication companies.
C.Financial firms.
rge companies.
问题2选项
A.A sudden rise in the first 2-3 weeks followed by a sudden drop-off.
B.A gradual increase to the first 2-3 weeks followed by a gradual decrease.
C.A gradual increase to the first 2-3 weeks followed by leveling off.
D.A sudden rise in the first 2-3 weeks followed by leveling off.
问题3选项
A.Supportive.
B.Disapproving.
C.Tolerant.
D.Cautious
问题4选项
A.the easiest solution is to confine Internet use to certain employees
B.policies should be laid down defining the limit of internet use for employees
C.restrictions on employee Internet use may help increase productivity
D.limiting employee Internet use may do harm to the image of companies
问题5选项
A.Internet Is Causing Trouble for Employers
B.Managing Employee Use of the Internet.
C.The Controversy over Internet Use.
D.The Negative Side of Internet.
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:D
第3题:C
第4题:B
第5题:B
【解析】1.细节事实题。

根据第一段的最后一句："....survey respondents in the financial services sector lead the packs when it comes to monitoring their employees e-mail and Internet connections."句中的 financial services sector与选项C对应。

故答案为C。

2.细节判断题。

根据题干关键词lifecycle of Internet use定位到第二段的第二、三句"When they first get connected, companies see a surge of activity and an immediate drop-off in productivity. After about two or three weeks, Internet use levels off, Weber notes. "网络浏览量前两周激增,随后逐步下降。

选项D符合原文。

3.根据第二段的倒数第四句"Many companies are viewing use of the Internet as similar to the phone, and operating with the philosophy that incidental personal use is okay."大部分的公司允许员工因私人原因适当地使用因特网。

选项C比选项A更符合。

4.细节推断题。

根据题干关键词 experts定位到第二段的第六句"One thing the experts all agree on is that ... use by employees. "专家们一致同意的一件事是, 如果你使用互联网并为你的员工提供访问权限, 你应该制定一个政策来定义你认为雇员可以使用的内容。

选项B符合原文。

5.结合全文内容分析, 本文主要是讲述企业主应该如何处理员工上网的问题。

所以选项B正确。

10.
单选题
Last year our school football team won four（） games.
问题1选项
A.obsessive
B.concessive
C.successive
D.excessive
【答案】C
【解析】形容词辨析题。

obsessive强迫性的，着迷的；concessive让步的，妥协的 ; successive 连续的，接替的；excessive过度的。

句意：去年我们学校足球队连续赢了四场比赛。

选项C符合句意。

11.
单选题
（） in their island community, the various tribes used languages which became more and more similar to each other's.
问题1选项
A.Managed
B.Shrunk
C.Assumed
D.Isolated
【答案】D
【解析】动词辨析题。

manage"经营, 管理"; shrink"收缩, 退缩"; assume"假设,猜想"; isolate"使隔离, 使孤立, 使脱离"。

句意：在与世隔绝的岛上，各个部落使用的语言越来越相似。

选项D符合句意。

12.
单选题
The Japanese desire for marriage had been very strong. In the fifth "world youth attitude survey" （1 ） by the Management and Coordination Agency in 1993, over 70 percent of the Japanese （2 ） chose the answers "One should get married" or "It's better to get married." Of the 11 countries surveyed, Japan was （3 ） only by the Philippines in the percentage of those advocating marriage （4 ） opposed to a single life.
In recent years, however, there has been a spreading recognition among the Japanese public that something （5 ） is happening in people's attitudes toward marriage.
When they began to have adequate food, clothing and shelter after years of postwar shortages and thus became able to （6 ） their attention to other matters, the Japanese for the first time （7 ） a renewed look at the question of marriage. In the 1990s, people began to ask "What on earth is marriage anyway?" and to talk about marriage itself.
In Japan, the proportion of men still unmarried in their thirties reached about 20 percent in the national census taken in 1985, and the （8 ） apparently exceeded 30 percent in 1995. The proportion of unmarried women in the 25-29 age bracket has been increasing （9 ） about 5 percent every five years until it is now nearly 50 percent.
What are the real reasons women choose not to marry? Early on, two were （10 ） ; women were now better educated and more women were interested in working outside the home. Many women have become （11 ） independent, acquiring enough self-confidence to （12 ） a meaningful life outside of marriage. And （13 ） seems to be a wide gap in the way men and women view marriage. Women generally believe that, （14 ） women's roles in Japan's postwar society have become diversified, men have essentially remained unchanged. （15 ）such circumstances, communication between the sexes is, in fact, far from easy.
Besides that, in the postwar Japan, individualism has begun to take （16 ） . The 50 years since the end of the war may be regarded as the process of a （17 ） from the family-centered to the individual-centered way of thinking. In Japan today, society has matured to a point （18 ） it now tolerates a diversity of marriage styles which were unthinkable not very long ago. In the future, such tolerance is almost （19 ） to increase. But a headlong plunge toward unbridled individualism is also dangerous. The ideal （20 ） may be to achieve a complementary fusion of the collectivism of Japan's traditional community and the individualism of the new age.
问题1选项
A.practiced
B.conducted
C.involved
D.devised
问题2选项
A.respondents
B.correspondents
C.counterparts
D.reflectors
问题3选项
A.surpassed
B.preceded
C.disadvantaged
D.defeated
问题4选项
A.when
B.what
C.lest
D.as
问题5选项
A.important
mon
C.exciting
D.unusual
问题6选项
A.catch
B.attract
C.turn
D.derive
问题7选项
A.made
B.took
C.began
D.learnt
问题8选项
A.number
B.amount
C.figure
D.data 问题9选项
A.to
B.by
C.with
D.upon
问题10选项
A.cited
B.dealt
C.obliged
D.occurred
问题11选项
A.monetarily
B.economically
C.mentally
D.physically
问题12选项
A.take
B.face
C.lead
D.feel
问题13选项
A.it
B.that
C.what
D.there
问题14选项
A.since
B.while
C.whether
D.when
问题15选项
A.Under
B.Within
C.On
D.At
问题16选项
A.interest
B.advantage
C.mark
D.root
问题17选项
A.range
B.step
C.shift
D.drive
问题18选项
A.which
B.where
C.that
D.what
问题19选项
A.known
B.supposed
C.prone
D.certain
问题20选项A.approach
B.attitude
C.option
D.standard 【答案】第1题:D 第2题:A 第3题:D 第4题:B 第5题:D 第6题:C 第7题:A 第8题:C
第9题:B
第10题:A
第11题:B
第12题:A 第13题:A 第14题:B 第15题:A 第16题:B 第17题:C 第18题:C 第19题:C 第20题:B 【解析】1.根据原文句意可知，这里指由日本管理协调局进行的第五次“世界青年态度调查”。

devised 指设计，计划。

符合原文句意。

2.名词辨析。

respondents 调查对象；correspondents 通讯员；counterparts 副本，相对应的人或物；reflectors 反射体，反光片。

根据上文的调查可知这里指被调查的对象，选项A 正确。

3.surpassed 超过，一般与to 搭配；preceded 领先，在...前面；disadvantaged 劣势，不利条件；defeated 击败，打败。

根据原文可知，这里指日本仅次于菲律宾。

即被菲律宾打败，所以选项D 正确。

4.句意：在接受调查的11个国家中，只有菲律宾在提倡婚姻反对单身的比例上击败了日本。

Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE 这里的what 做连接代词，指的是提倡婚姻的比例。

所以选项B 正确。

5.根据句意：近年来，日本公众普遍认识到，人们对待婚姻的态度正在发生一些不同寻常的变化。

选项D 符合原文语境。

6.根据原文可知这里指转移注意力，所以选项C 正确。

7.make a renewed look 为固定搭配，指“重新审视”。

8.根据句意：1995年这一数字显然超过了30%。

number 是一个数字，figure 指有意义的数值，所以本题
选项C 正确。

9.increasing by 指增长了，按...增长，为常用搭配。

10.根据原文可知，这里指早期引用了两个原因。

11.monetarily 财政上，在金钱问题上；economically 在经济上；mentally 精神上，智力上；physically 生理上。

根据句意可知，这里指女性经济独立，选项B 正确。

12.根据原文，女性经济独立，获得足够自信，没有婚姻也可以过上有意义的生活。

选项A 符合原文。

13.根据后面的seems 可以推断，此处应填入it 。

选项A 正确。

14.根据原文，这里将男性和女性的角色进行了对比，所以填入while 最为恰当。

15.Under such circumstances 为固定搭配，指在这种情况下。

16.take advantage 为固定搭配，意为利用。

在这里指，个人主义开始发挥作用。

17.根据原文句意：战后的50年，可以说是一个从以家庭为中心的思维方式向以个人为中心的思维方式转变的过程。

选项C 符合原文。

18.分析句子可知，句子结构完整，不缺成分，所以用that 引导同位语从句。

19.根据句意：在未来，容忍几乎会有增加的趋势。

只有选项C 表示有...的趋势，所以正确。

20.根据句意：一头扎入个人主义是很危险的，最理想的态度是实现日本传统社会集体主义与新时代个人主义的互补融合。

选项B 符合原文句意。

13. 单选题 The teacher tried to explain the problem, but the explanation did not （ ） . 问题1选项 e up B.hang on C.get across D.look out
【答案】C
【解析】动词词组辨析。

come up "走近;发生";hang on "坚持下去;不挂断;握住不放";get across"被理解, 被接受"; look out "注意;当心"。

句意：老师试图解释这个问题, 但这个解释不被大家所接受。

选项C 符合句意。

14. 单选题
For 50 years they were able to produce and sell their goods more cheaply than other countries and this gave them a （） advantage in world trade.
问题1选项
A.considerable
B.concrete
C.considerate
D.conventional
【答案】A
【解析】形容词辨析题。

considerable"相当大的";concrete"实体的,明确的";considerate "体贴的;体谅的"; conventional"依照惯例的;传统的;常规的"。

句意：50年来，他们能够以比其他国家更低的价格生产和销售商品，这使他们在世界贸易中获得了相当大的优势。

选项A符合句意。

15.
单选题
Mass production is （） only in an economy with a highly developed technology.
问题1选项
A.vulnerable
B.invaluable
C.feasible
patible
【答案】C
【解析】形容词辨析题。

vulnerable易受攻击的；invaluable无价的；feasible 可行的；compatible 兼容的。

句意：大规模生产只有在技术高度发达的经济中才可行。

选项C符合句意。